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2 17 1. 1) 2) .. 3) .. 4).. 5) 6)
7) .. 8) .. 9) 2.1) 2) 3) .. 4) .. 5) 6)
.. 7) : 8)
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-(Empathy)
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110
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1
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"" (" ")
1. (Mind)
Psycho - social problem
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3
2. ( )
(Conscious Mind) 2 (Cognition) (Emotion) "" " "
3.
4.
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5.
""
6. (verbal expression)
(Non - Verbal expression)
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( )
/
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--
/
/
/
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2
1)
- (empathy)- -
- - -
2)
/
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- - - - -
2
( ,2539)
(, 2539)
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(Hilgard, 1979)
4
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T.A.(Transactional Analysis) (T.A.)
(Eric Berne)
1.- (Parent : P)
- 1.1(Controlling/
Critical Parent : CP)
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1.2 (NurturingParent : NP)
2. (Adult : A)
...? ... ...?...?
3. (Child : C)
3.1 (Free Child : FC)
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... ... ....
... 3.2- (Adapted Child : AC)
... ... ... ...
5
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x
0 1 2 3 4 5
6
2.30
1 6 CP 7 12 NP 13 18 A 19 24 FC 25 30 AC
3.
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..................
1.
2.
3.4.
5.6.7.8.9.10.
11.
12.13.
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 650 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
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14.15.16.17.18.19.
20.21.22.23.24.25.
26.27.28.29.
30.
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
0 1 2 3 4 65
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40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0 CP NP A FC AC
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(non - judgemental attitude)
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1.2.3.
4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.
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3 (Knowledge) (Attitude) (Skill)
(Attitude)
(Albets andEdetstein, cited in Borgen, 1966: 161)
( - )
( - ) (, 2524)
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(, 2536) (Counsellor) (Bias) (Empathy) (Non - Judgemental)
(Non - Discrimination)
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(Bias)
"" (Kareev,1995) (Cognitive function) (Common Sense)
4 (, 2524)
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(Counseller) (Kahneman , Slovic andTversky , cited in kareev, 1995)
(more positive relationship)
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(Empathy)
"feeling into"
2
1.
2.
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1.
2.
3.
4.
2 1.
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2.
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: ()
1: ...
() :
()
2:
()
: ()
"1"
"2"
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"1" "2" 2
2 2 Carkhuff (1969)
3 45 Carkhuff
1.2.3.4.5.
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1.2.3.4. 5.
6.7.
(Kaliach)
5
0 0
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: ()
: ... ()
: ()(, )
: ()
: () (, )
: ( )
: ()(, )
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1 1
(0 1 )
: (, )
: : ()
...
......()
: () ()
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: ...... : ...... :
() () ......( )
: () ()
2 2
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:
() :
() : ()
() : ()
()
:
: ()
: ...
()
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: ()
: ... ...
... ()
: ( )
3 3
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: :
() : .. .
:
()
: ...
: ()
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4
4
3 4 4
3 4
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: () :
()()
:
()
: ()()
: () () 16 ()
: ()
: ... ()
: ()
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Empathy
1.
2.3.
4.5.
Empathy 1.
-
- -
2.
- : - :
3.5
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-
-
-
- 2
(Non - Judgemental and Non - Discrimination)
(Non - Judgemental)
(Discriminate)
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Rogers (1985)
(Unconditional positive regard)
(Loqanbill et al, cited in Werth,J.L.1996 : 41)
- -
- -
Sympathy
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//Sympathy
Sympathy
Countertransference
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Client Centered (Humanistic Approach) Client - centeredcounseling Carl R Rogers
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1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
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3.
4.
5.
6.
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7.
8.
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Co = Counsellor Cl = Client
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5
1.:
(Greeting)
(Small talk) (Attending) (Opening)
:
( / / / )
2.:
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3.:
4.:
5.: ( Session)
( Case)
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2 (Two - way
Communication)
(Empathy)
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1.:
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1.
2.
3.
two way
comunication (Active Listening)
(LADDER) L = LOOK
A = ASK
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D = DON'T INTERRUPT
D = DON'T CHANGE THE SUBJECT
E = EMOTION verbal nonverbal
R = RESPONSE
1.
2.
3.
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2.
1.
1.1
1.2
" ......... ......"
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1.3
-
- " ......"
- : "" ( ) : ".. ." (
)
1.4 : ""(): "" ()
1.5
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2. (Feedback)
: "" : "
"3.
4.
1.
2.
3.
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3.
1.
2.
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"" ""
""
""
4.
2
1.
2. ...
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1.
1.1
1.2
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1.3
1.4
1.5
2.
2.1
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(small talk)
2.2
(small talk)
1.
2.
3.
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4.
5.
1.
2.
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3.
4.
4 1.
2.
3.4.
1.
2.
3.
4.
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5.
1.2.
3.4.
6.
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1.
2.
3.""
4.
1.
2.
3.
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4.
1.
2.
3.
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1.
2.
2
1.(Social Relationship)
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2. (Professional
ralationship)
()
()
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1. /
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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(Attending skill) 2 1.(Verbal language) 2. (Non - verbal language)
2.1
2.2
2.3 2.4
2.5
1. Greeting 2. Small Talk
3. Attending
S - O - L - E - R
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S = Squarely O = Open
L = Lean E = Eye Contact R = Relax
4. Opening
1 - 4
"Small Talk"
1.
(Empathy)2.
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3.
(Client Center) (Small Talk )
4.
(structurig)
1.
2.
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3. 2
4.5.
6.
1.
2.30 - 50 3.
4.
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5.
1.2.3.4.5.
1.
2.3.
4.5.
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1 - 5
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-
(insight)
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2 :
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-
()
1.
2.
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3.
4.
25
: Co Cl
: [
Co : ... Cl : ...............Co : Cl :
1
2
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-
Co : Cl : 2 Co : Cl : ......Co : Cl : ...
Co :
Cl : ...
Co :
Cl :
Co : Cl : ...
Co : Cl :
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
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Co : 2
Cl : ...
Co :
Cl : ()
Co : (...)Cl :
Co : Cl : ... Co :
Cl :
10
11
12
13
14
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-
Co : 2
Cl :
Co :
Cl : ( )Co : (...) Cl :
17
16
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Co :
Cl :
18
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-
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
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1.
2.2.1
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.2 2.2.1
7 8
2.2.2(Cognition)
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5,6 72.2.3
-
-
2.2.4
10,11 122.2.5
-
-
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- -
(Tracking)
1. ()
2.
( )
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-
2.1 2.2
2.2.1()
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.3
2.4
3.4
1 2 3
3.1
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3,4,5,6,7 10
3.2
5,7,8 12
3.3
5,7,8,12 15
( :
)3.4
17,18
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1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
1.
2.
1.
2.
-
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1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
2.
3.
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1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
1.
2.
-
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1.
2.
3.
4.
(Tracking)
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2
4
-
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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- -
-
- -
- - -
-
- -
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6
1.
2.
2.1
-
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2.2
3
3.
3.1 3.2
3.3
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3.4
3.5
4.
1.
- -
-
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- - 2.
- - - -
3.
-
- 5.
6.
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1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
-
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-
1.
2.
3.
4.
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1.
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-
2.
3. (Social Support)
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1.
" "
2.
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-
3.
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1.
1)
2) 3) 4) 5)
2.
1)
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-
.
. ..
: :
2)
.
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.
.
3)
.
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-
.
4)
5)
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-
1.2.3.4.
1.
1.1 1.2 1.3
1.4
2.
3.
4.
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1. (Information)2. (Support)3.
-
(Logical Consequence)- (Suggestion)
-
-
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-
1.
2.3.
4.
1.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
1.2.
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-
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
3.
4.
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5.
: "
() "
1.
2.
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-
1.
2.
3.
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" "
4.
"
"
"" : ................................():................................
() :/ :..........................(
)...........................................................()................
:................................(/ )/ ()
:
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-
1.
2.
3.
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-
-
-
1.
2.1
3.
4.
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-
1.
2.
(Session)
(Case)
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1.
2.- -
-
1.
2.
3.
- Sympathy
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-
4.
5.
6.7.
1.
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2.
3.
2
4.
5.
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.
.. 2539.3..
.
.
.
.. 2544.. . 77 - 79.
. . . HIV
. :41 2 - 2545
.. (Training Hand
book for counselling skills).MMWR, Vol.47/no RR-7.pp. 11 - 20, May 15, 1998.
2533
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1.
2.
3. 7 10
4.
7
5. 10
6. 1
7.
28.
9.
10.
8
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1. 7
2.
8
3.. () 7
4.
7 12 5.
7
6.
-
7. -
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8.
7 9.
7 10.
7
11. 7
12. 7
13.
8 14.
