PCI VSA Oxygen Systems

Pure Oxygen in Water & Wastewater TreatmentMarch, 2010

Oxygen in Water & Wastewater

• Odor Control – Lift Stations/Headworks

• Replace traditional aeration in WWTP

• Lake oxygenation

• Ozone disinfection feed gas

• Remediation (ozone and HIPOX)

Traditional Aeration

• Many different types of aerators; surface, course bubble, fine bubble, etc.

• Most significant energy consumption >60% of plant energy use.

• Mixing and oxygen transfer inherently linked.

• May be susceptible to fouling incurring high maintenance & energy costs, and oxygen transfer limitations. Clogged Polyurethane diffuser

plate after 9 months of use.

Pure Oxygen Use in WWT

• UNOX – Introduced

by Linde in 1968

• OASES – Developed

by Air Products/now

owned by Kruger

• Many gas companies

use technology to sell

their molecules –

Captive Technology Schematic of UNOX Process.

Why Pure Oxygen• Water solubility of pure oxygen at 25oC and 1 atm. is 40 mg/L water.

• Using air the oxygen partial pressure is 0.2 atm.

This results in oxygen dissolution of 40 X 0.2 = 8 mg O2/L in water.

• D.O. is often a limitation in WWT that can be addressed by exploiting properties of pure oxygen.

Oxygen (Using Air) Solubility in Clean Water Pure O2 can significantly increase DO levels

Advantages of Pure Oxygen

• Reduced reactor size/footprint

• Reduced energy consumption

• Reduced VOC stripping and odors

• Reduced foaming issues

• Separate mixing and oxygen requirements

• Less susceptible to low alpha factors

• To achieve benefits of pure oxygen, take advantage of 1/5 volume of gas and higher dissolution capabilities.

• Pure oxygen alone is not the answer Must be coupled with synergistic application technology

Exploiting Potential of Pure Oxygen

Speece Cone fromECO2 System dissolves O2 at 90-95% absorption efficiency to achieve D.O. concentrations of 50 to >150 mg/L

Applications:Odor ControlReservoir Oxygenation

Exploiting Potential of Pure Oxygen (2)

SDOXTM

fromSDOX System dissolves O2 at 99% absorption efficiency to achieve D.O. concentrations of 300 to 350 mg/L

Applications:Odor ControlWWTPReservoir Oxygenation

Exploiting Potential of Pure Oxygen (3)

Dissolved Oxygen Augmentation from Dynamox

Dynamox system dissolves O2 at 99% absorption efficiency to achieve D.O. concentrations of 800 mg/L

Applications:Odor ControlWWTPReservoir Oxygenation

Exploiting Potential of Pure Oxygen (4)

OxyMBR from

Suitable for flows < 25,000 m3/dayHigh Strength Wastes 2,500 – 50,000 COD

Applications:Industrial & Municipal WWT

Exploiting Potential of Pure Oxygen (5)

Biobooster PBR & MBR from

Targeted for high strength wastes

Applications:Typically Industrial WWT

Exploiting Potential of Pure Oxygen (6)

UnderWater Oxygenator (UWO) from

Oxygen injection inwastewater aeration basins: 9.35 lbs O2/hp-h

Applications:Secondary treatment at WWTP’s

Exploiting Potential of Pure Oxygen (7)

HiPox – Ozone/ Hydrogen Peroxide Remediation

Ex-Situ Remediation

Applications:Remediation of contaminated ground water

Oxygen Supply Map

70%

75%

80%

85%

90%

95%

100%

0 1 10 100 1,000

Cryo

LOX

VSA

PSA

Cryo

LOX

PS

A2 Bed VSA

Cyl

1 Bed VSA

O2

Pu

rity

(%

)

TPD or 000 SCFH

O2 Product Offering: Small to Medium Size

-15-

DOCS 500 Dimensions: 8’x8’x8’

• DOCS 66 –140 SCFH / 280 lbs/day

• DOCS 200 –425 SCFH / 845 lbs/day

• DOCS 500 –1060 SCFH / 2100 lbs/day

• All available with remote monitoring system

DOCS 200 Dimensions:

6’x6’x6’

DOCS 66 Dimensions: 4’x 4’ x 4’

*DOCS 66 (DOCS 200) ~ 5 m3/hr (~15 m3/hr) @ 90% purity.

O2 Product Offering: Large Sizes

-16-

DOCS 1500

(3 TPD / 3,180 SCFH)

Containerized version

DOCS 5000 (10 TPD / 10,600 SCFH)

O2 Product Offering: Larger Size

-17-

2 x DOCS 5000 (20 TPD / 21,200 SCFH)

PSA vs. PCI VSA Technology Schematic

-18-

O2 Buffer Tank

Product Valves

Adsorber

Vessel

Inlet

Vent

Compressor

Dryer

Feed & Vent

Valves

Feed Buffer Tank

Adsorber

Vessel

COMPLEX PSA TECHNOLOGY SIMPLIFIED VSA TECHNOLOGY

Inlet

Adsorber

Vessel

Reversible

Blower

O2 Buffer Tank

Oil-free O2

Compressor

Vent

PSA VSA

Power (kWh / m3): 1.5 0.8

# Main Components: 6 4

# of Process Valves: 10 3

Metrics (200 lpm @ 55 psig):

DOCS Operating Cost Examples

-19-

DOCS 200

845 lbs/day

DOCS

Operating Cost

per ccf

(per m3)

LOX

Delivered Cost

per ccf

(per m3)

Typical PSA

Operating Cost

per ccf

(per m3)

Product Platform

DOCS 66

280 lbs/day

$0.31

($0.11)

$0.25

($0.09)

$0.21

($0.07)

DOCS 500

2100 lbs/day

$0.55 - $0.85

($0.20 - $0.30)

$0.35 – more than $10.00

($0.12 – more than $3.00)

Notes:

- ccf is hundred cubic feet which is a common term in the industrial gas industry

- @ 55 psig (~ 4 barg) output pressure and 93% purity.

*DOCS 66 delivers ~ 5 m3/hr, DOCS 200 delivers ~ 15 m3/hr @ 90% purity.

- Includes energy ($0.10/kWh) and Preventive Maintenance cost.

Typical Oxygen Application Examples

-20-

Mobile Field Hospital Aquaculture

Wastewater:

Odor Control

at Lift Station

Groundwater Remediation

DOCS 500 at PCI Open House DOCS 200 at Industrial

WWTP

Summary

• Long history of oxygen use in Water Treatment– UNOX, OASES

– Emerging Applications – Speece Cone, Blue In Green, Grundfos

• It all starts with low cost, reliable oxygen supply

• PCI’s Oxygen VSA Technology Advantages– Extremely low power consumption

– Very few components – low maintenance cost

– Leading to very low operating cost

– Best on-site oxygen solution available

• Your questions, please!

-21-

• For more information, contact:

– Dave Schneider, Sales Director, Western US

• dschneider@pci-intl.com, 951-567-3177

– Tom Elzey, Sales Director, Eastern US

• telzey@pci-intl.com, 951-847-6169

Pacific Consolidated

Industries

12201 Magnolia Avenue

Riverside, CA 92503-4820

USA

(951) 479-0860 – phone

(951) 479-0861 – fax

oxygen@pci-intl.com

www.pci-intl.com