Paul Ciniglio - Sustainability & Asset Strategist, First Wessex

Sustainability Impacts of theBuilt Environment

Research Collegium in Coastal EcoCities – Session 1

Presentation will cover • About me• About First Wessex• Sustainability and climate change as a driver• Environmental impacts – Construction• Adaptation to Climate Change• The UK / EU retrofit and nZEB challenge • First Wessex sustainability strategy – ‘The Choice’• Case studies of low carbon retrofit & new homes • Overview of Whitehill & Bordon Ecotown

About First Wessex: Hampshire and Surrey based HA Formed 2007 19,000 existing homes Build around 500 new homes each year Part of Wayfarer consortium of HA’s £25m pa RR&PM spend Customer groups My role

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising

the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.Our Common Future - Brundtland Commission - 1987

People

Planet

Profit

Evidence of warming:

Vostok making sense of climate changemaking sense of climate change

Vostok

300ppm

200ppm

4°C

0°C

-8°C

-400,000 -300,000 -200,000 -100,000 today

“…changes of this speed and magnitude are unprecedented to our knowledge, aside from large meteorite impacts.”

Peter Barrett, Antarctic Research Centre, New Zealand

temperature change from present

carbon dioxide level in atmosphere

2009

making sense of climate changemaking sense of climate change

Global context - One Planet LivingTonnes of Carbon Dioxide emissions per capita

25

3

0

USA England China Ethiopia

10

Construction impacts – EnergyUK Energy consumption 1995

52%

5%

9%

1%

6%

5%

22% Buildings

Industry - Building materials

Other Industry

Agriculture

Transport - other freight

Transport - building materials

Transport - People

Construction impacts – Water

Effective rainfall and

licensed abstraction

People in Hampshire use morewater than anywhere else in the UKOn average 157 litres/person/day!

Construction impacts – Materials

1,200m3 Spoil 156,842 Blocks

694,500 Bricks

14,811m2 Plasterboard

2,700m2 Glass

300m3 Mortar

5,200m Roadway

2,600m Reinforced Beams7,500ltrs Paint

What it takes to build 100 houses

576m3 Timber

Construction impacts – Waste• The UK produces approx 360 million

tonnes of waste (6 tonnes per person per year).

• The construction industry accounts for approx 120 million tonnes.

-10 million tonnes of which are unused materials!

-3 million is packaging!

Construction impacts• Pollution

• Ecology

• Transport

• Health & Well-being

• Land Use

The ‘strip’ city

Adaptation to climate change

Low impact housing / buildings

Tree House, Clapham, London

BedZed, London

Normandy, Guildford

Passive Housing

Paul Ciniglio - Sustainability & Asset Strategist, First Wessex

Towards zero carbon buildings, learning from case studies

Research Collegium in Coastal EcoCities – Session 2

Targets for new housing

carbon compliance 2016

EU nZEB target 2019/20

Code for Sustainable Homes – Mandatory minimum energy and water use standards

Code Level Energy Water

% better than 2006 Building Regs part L*

Litres per person per day (predicted – see also part G)

1 10% 120

2 18% 120

3** 25% 105

4*** 44% 105

5 100% 80

6 Zero Carbon (approx 141%)

80

*DER improvement on TER** Same as Bldg Regs part L 2010*** 25% improvement on part L 2010

^Code 6

Code 6 - Southampton

New proposal for 2016

• Partnership project with Zero Carbon Hub, Gosport– Helping to inform the new 2016 housing energy standards (Zero Carbon)

– Sophisticated testing and monitoring– FW also contributing to Design v As built, Overheating and Comfort

• Small development site in Aldershot– Partnership with ZCH & St Gobain linked to DvAB to find optimum

solution

Closing the Performance Gap

Paul Ciniglio - Sustainability & Asset Strategist, First Wessex

The ChoiceAn overview of First Wessex’s

new sustainability strategy and current projects

First Wessex Sustainability Strategy• Strategy and action plan 2013-15 • ‘The Choice’• Launched in May - linked to Green Office Week

• Six headline themes – plus sub policies

1. MANAGEMENT, MEASUREMENT AND COMMUNICATION

2. ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND CARBON REDUCTION

3. RESOURCE AND WASTE MANAGEMENT

4. TRANSPORT 

5. PROCUREMENT

6. CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE

• SHIFT status

Green Office Week

• Used national GOW 13-17th May to launch ‘The Choice’ to staff.

• Road-show between main offices

• Over 220 staff attended

Office energy monitoring

Display Energy Certificates (DEC’s)

EDD:E office electrical energy monitoring-Display screens

Environmental Audits of FWPS depots

The UK retrofit challenge • 80% reduction in CO2 emissions by 2050

(Climate Change Act)

• 26 million existing homes• 85% still in existence 2050• 27% total carbon emissions• 500,000+ whole house refurbishments

each year to 2050 (Existing Homes Alliance)

• 100 advanced retrofits during presentation• As much as £10,000,000 business per

working hour• But, economic, social and environmental

barriers need to be overcome…• Green Deal

Green Deal & ECO• Government flagship policy

– now live!

• Key retrofit financial barriers: – up front capital & repayment of work /

return on investment

• Assessment > GD provider & finance > Installation > repayment > Moving on

• Golden rule• Energy Company Obligation

– £1.3bn ECO / pa (3 funding streams)

– Measures / hard to treat

Green Doctor project– Partnership with Groundwork– Engaging up to 500 households

• Retrofit cost effective measures & current cost meters• Provide energy behaviour adjustment advice• Taking 3 sets of meter readings in 12 months • Train resident champions to leave project peer legacy

– New First Wessex Green Living Team• To be brought in house this summer• 1,000 households in programme per annum• Existing homes, retrofit projects, new build• Energy and water efficiency• Communication of strategy

Interactive show home• Partnership with PUSH & Bioregional• DECC fully funded project• 3 multimedia interactive ‘behaviour

change’ and Green Deal homes• Open to public• Using void homes moving from

community to community• FW will rotate one expo for 2 yrs• Opened 14th June in

Eastleigh

Major solar photovoltaic (PV) project˗ Estimated 2.5MW (1,000 homes /

offices / community centres). ˗ Paid for by FIT income over 20

years (pay back year 13).˗ Strong link to social outcomes

e.g. employment. ˗ Average annual electricity bill

saving to residents £150.˗ Annual CO2 savings estimated at

1,250+ tonnes.˗ Tender process complete, Dulas

Ltd. successful.˗ Commencing summer 2013

lasting for 2 years (subject to final budget approval)

˗ Selection of homes.

Insulation projects• Loft & Cavity Wall insulation

– >600 free measures completed in 2012– Now addressing ‘hard to treat’ cavities & lofts– Energy performance Certificates for 100% stock

• Solid Wall Insulation – Relates to >900 pre fab homes in Aldershot (EWI)

and 300 solid wall (IWI) in Portsmouth – Prepare approach for low carbon retrofit zone

in Aldershot (aim for EPC band ‘B’)– Framework for ECO and contractors

• Partnership with LA’s and RSL’s private sector housing • Bridging the financial gap (over ECO)• Employment opportunities!

• Mitre Court, Fareham– 28 leasehold flats requiring over-cladding

Advanced retrofit pilot - Heronwood

20 flats at Heronwood Aldershot•External Wall Insulation•New condensing boilers•New roof with semi integrated PV•Improved air tightness & MVHR•Loft insulation top up•Low energy lighting

Work commences in July

Heronwood energy modelling

Measure SAP rating

Band CO2

emissions(tonnes /

year)

Total % improvement over baseline CO2 emissions

Pre refurbishment 60 D 2.69 -

External wall insulation 69 C 1.95 27.51%

100% Low energy lighting and mechanical ventilation

with heat recovery (individual room system)

69 C 1.91 29.00%

1.1 kWp PV system (semi integrated)

76 C 1.51 43.87%

Replacement boiler (combination boiler for heating and hot water)

81 B 1.08 59.85%

Insulate flat walls to communal areas

81 B 1.00 62.83%

Paul Ciniglio - Sustainability Strategist, First Wessex

Retrofit South East Project

• First use of 4% European Regional Development Funding (ERDF) for retrofit of social housing in 2009.

• £421,000 grant secured for programme of research to build low carbon retrofit capacity.

• ERDF project outputs related to retrofit business assistance provided to 85 SME’s.

• Partnership project:

‘Retrofit South East’ project

To retrofit or build a new community?

“An Ideal setting for a Council estate. This aerial picture of part of the Cranford Road estate shows the neat and airy spacing, with pleasant greens between the rows of houses. Although in complete contrast to the old town, with its splendid examples of Georgian architecture, this essential development is probably as tasteful as a Council estate can be”.

Local newspaper 1950

‘Retrofit South East’ project centrepiece (14 homes)

Solar street community + show home

• Modelled a 77% – 90% reduction in regulated CO2 emissions post retrofit.

• Water efficiency improved by average 16% to 92 l/p/d.

• 85% of waste was recycled off site under SWMP.

• BREEAM domestic refurbishment pilot project.

Environmental strategy

How C88 was achieved, Show home full SAP modellingScenario SAP

2005Rating

EPC / SAP Band

Annual Regulated CO2 Emissions kgC02/yr

Approx cost of measure £

PercentageReduction in RegulatedCO2 Emissions %

Baseline as extg (Gas) 49 E 5,868 - -+ 100mm Phenolic foam EW Insulation 69 C 3,461

10,50041%

+ Double loft insulation to 300mm thick 70 C 3,284

25044%

+ 50mm vertical floor raft edge insulation 71 C 3,219

1,75045%

+ A-energy rated windows and doors 73 C 2,792

6,00052%

+ Improved air tightness & heat recovery ventilation 74 C 2,650

3,00055%

+ New ‘A’ rated boiler & cylinder plus controls 80 C 1,965

4,50067%

+ 100% low –e lighting 81 B 1,923 250 67%

+ 2.1 kWp solar PV 91 B 972 9,250 83%

'+ Solar thermal 3msq 92 A 816 5,000 88%

+ 20mm aerogel ground floor insulation 92 A 692

5,50090%

Sum of all measures 92 A 692 £46,000 90%

Continuity of insulation & air tightness

Before After

Before, REEMA panels After retrofit EWI -100mm

Air pressure test

Working with residents

• 8 months lead in time / consultation period with residents.• Full time community liaison officer appointed.• On-site drop in office available throughout refurbishment.• Decant period was 10-12 weeks.• Community energy efficiency training and 1:1 home visits.

Regional retrofit benefits study • Establish a market worth £460-850m/yr, on top of current RMI.

• Create 4,100 - 33,000 jobs in installation, supply and support.

• Enhance the asset value of regional homes by up to £22.4 billion.

• Liberate over £1 billion a year in energy savings.

• Take at least 360,000 people out of fuel poverty.

• Save up to £80 million on healthcare and up to 3,700 winter deaths.

• Save 3% of total regional water consumption.

• Future-proof homes against climate change impacts.

• Improve regional energy security.

• And cut regional carbon emissions by one fifth!

Through life emissions report release Retrofit v demolition and new build• Comparison analysed over 50 year period.• Advanced retrofit compared with:

– Traditional and timber frame construction– Building Regulations Part L 2010, Code 4 & ZCH 2016

• Emissions considered:– Embodied energy associated with new and existing

materials (‘locked in’), construction processes– The ‘in use’ emissions for heating and power

Through life emissions report cont’d…Comparison of Lifetime CO2e emissions over 50 years between build types

0 50 100 150 200

Brick & Block (ZCH 2016)

Brick & Block (CSH Level 4)

Brick & Block (BRegs 2010)

Timber Frame (ZCH 2016)

Timber Frame (CSH Level 4)

Timber Frame (BRegs 2010)

Advanced Retrofi t

Tonnes of CO2e

Deliveries by thirdparties - LGVDeliveries by thirdparties - HGV

Materials - Substructures

Materials -SuperstructuresRemoval of waste fromsite - LGV/HGVSite energy consumption -gas oil

Site energy consumption -electricitySite energy consumption -natural gasLandfilled waste

In-use regulated energysources

In-use appliances &cooking

Through life emissions report key findings

• Advanced retrofitted homes have lower emissions than a new home built to CfSH level 4 and ZCH 2016.

• Considering ‘all in’ costs for similar energy performance:

– Advanced retrofit costs almost 40% less

– A saving of approx £53,000 per dwelling

• Around 20,000 UK homes are demolished every year. If we retrofitted instead:

– 422,500 tCO2/year could be saved,

– Equivalent of 211,000 new homes.

Resident feedback:

“It’s like having a new home on the same plot of land, they are so much warmer, before they were so cold and damp, we even had mould growing. It’s so much better now.”

“ I’ve been running on solar again all day today!”

“The bills are so much cheaper. Bearing in mind what sort of winter we have had, I was really surprised how much I’ve saved.”

• BREEAM domestic refurbishment pilot - Very Good rating

• 75% reduction regulated emissions• Measures applied:

– 500mm loft insulation– Cavity + 32mm IW insulation– MVHR– 2 x 1.35kWp PV (East & West)

• £30,000 on energy efficiency

1970’s End of Terrace, Fareham

• Cost: £30,000 for energy efficiency related works.

• Year 1 & 2 feedback on my home.• Over 400 visitors, many taking action!• Total emissions = 545kg year 1, 270kg

yr 2.• Running costs = £319 year 1, £274 yr 2.• ASHP £230 year 1, £190 yr 2.• Credit with FIT income +£511 year 1, + £658 yr 2. • Water consumption 68 l/p/d. • Further details at

www.sunpowerCO2ttage.co.uk

Issues: the town today

• Economic decline• Poor town centre• Disconnected town• Poor public transport links• Poor range of house types & tenure• Lack of employment and business opportunities• Need to protect habitats and species• Population

Future economic roles?

Whitehill Bordon needs to plan for economic growth following withdrawal of MoD by 2014/15.

Potential roles for Whitehill Bordon to focus on:

•Sustainable development & green industries

•Innovation and technology

•Tourism and leisure – South Downs National Park

•Technical skills training

•Employment

£12million DCLG funding received for quick win projects

Revised master-plan proposal map

4,000 new homes

New town centre

Employment

Preservedgreen space

Enhanced areas

High level objectives

• Carbon Neutrality - By 2036 the whole town should be carbon neutral.

• Biodiversity – The target is a net increase in biodiversity.

• Water neutrality – By using existing boreholes and wells and by reducing water usage and wastage we plan a completely water neutral development.

• Transportation – Our target is to reduce car trips to 50% by 2036 in the entire town.

• Economic Development – One local job per new household and jobs to replace those lost by the MoD withdrawal (5,500 in total).

Whitehill Bordon EcostationSTAGE D

THANK YOUQuestions / discussion?

Paul Ciniglio  MA, B.Sc(Hons), Dip.BSurv, MIEnvSc, CEnvSustainability & Asset Strategist paul.ciniglio@firstwessex.orgtel: 02392 896868