II

highereducationact

Pathways to Teaching

Under Title II of the Higher Education Act, teacher preparation providers, including institutions of higher education (IHEs) that conduct teacher preparation programs and state-approved teacher preparation programs operating outside of IHEs, must annually collect and submit information to their respective states. States, in turn, submit annual report cards on teacher preparation and credentialing to the U.S. Department of Education.

Unless otherwise noted, the data in this booklet reflect AY 2013-14 data reported through Title II HEA by all 50 states, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands. For more information, go to title2.ed.gov.

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highereducationact

Hello! I’m Sarah.I am about to start down a pathway to teaching. What can I expect?

21% 10%Alternative Programs

Alternative Programs

IHE* based not at IHEs*

First, I will need to decide which type of teacher preparation program I will attend. What do I need to know?

PuertoRico

NorthernMariana Islands

AmericanSamoa

HawaiiAlaska MicronesiaMarshallIslands

GuamVirginIslands

Palau

Alternative, IHE based

Programs by Type

Alternative, not IHE basedTraditionalTraditional and Alternative

2

Traditional Programs

27,914 Programs

69%

IHE* based

2,137 Program Providers

* Institutions of Higher Education

464,250 Total Enrollees in Teacher Preparation Programs

Top 3 Most Common Admission Requirements

Supervised Clinical Experience Requirements

Minimum GPA*

Transcript*

Minimum # of courses, credits, or semester hours completed*

* Requirements for entry into either Traditional or Alternative Programs

In most traditional programs, candidates must complete 100 hours of supervised clinical experience prior to student teaching and 600 hours of student teaching.

Most alternative teacher preparation programs primarily serve candidates who begin teaching while participating in the program. Alternative teacher preparation program candidates may engage in a form of mentoring or induction support as a part of the program instead of a prescribed number of hours.

Traditional programs are typically four-year undergraduate programs and often attract individuals who enter college with the goal of becoming a teacher. Traditional programs prepare candidates with instruction in pedagogy as well as the specific content area they plan to teach.

1

2

3

6%Alternative IHE based

85%Traditional IHE based

9%Alternative not at IHEs

12%

3

Alternative programs often attract individuals who already hold a bachelor’s degree in a specific content area and may have prior work experience but are seeking to switch careers. Alternative programs often focus less on a specific content area and more on pedagogy.

Traditional

Top 5 Teacher-Producing States By Program Type

Alternative Alternative

Top 5 Teacher-Producing States

4

New York 11%

Texas 7%

California 6%

Pennsylvania 6%

Illinois 4%

Texas 11%

New York 11%

California 10%

Florida 8%

North Carolina 6%

Texas 50%

New Jersey 11%

Louisiana 3%

Georgia 3%

Florida 3%

1

2

3

4

5

1 1

2 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

I will also need to decide where to attend my teacher preparation program.

Percentage of total teacher preparation program completers nationwide

IHE based not at IHEsIHE based

Enrolled in University of West Florida

Enrolled in A+ Texas Teachers

Enrolled in Texas State University

NJ Department of Education Alternative Route

FL TX739 15,544

647 2,548TX NJ

Traditional

Providers That Enroll the Most Teacher Candidates

Alternative Route Alternative Route

Enrolled in Grand Canyon University

Enrolled in University of Phoenix

AZ20,262

9,104AZ

Organizations That Administer Alternative Routes

5

IHE based not IHE basedIHE based

Nearly all states offer alternative routes to a teaching credential. Alternative routes can be administered by different types of organizations, such as nonprofit organizations or state education agencies, or by various partnerships.

For Example

Some school districts partner with IHEs to offer an alternative program that allows participants to begin an internship or probationary teaching position within the school district while taking courses towards program completion at the IHE. States approve the types of alternative routes that may operate in their states, so the types of alternative routes available vary by state.

INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION

STATE AGENCIES

SCHOOL DISTRICTS

OTHER TYPE OF ORGANIZATION

NONPROFITS

AR & LP Providers by Program Type

At Risk Low Performing

How can I be sure to select a high-quality program that will best prepare me for the classroom?

6

42 out of 2,137 providers

2% of providers have an at-risk or low-performing teacher preparation program

Traditional Traditional1% 1%

0% <1%

<1% 0%

Alternative IHE-based

Alternative IHE-based

Alternative not IHE-based

Alternative not IHE-based

Providers with At-Risk (AR) or Low-Performing (LP) Programs

2%

TraditionalPrograms

2%

TraditionalPrograms

Out of 1,484 traditional providers, 24 had AR programs and 18 had LP programs

Out of 451 alternative IHE-based providers, 0 had AR programs and 1 had LP programs

Out of 202 alternative not IHE-based providers, 1 had AR programs and 0 had LP programs.

TX

NYMI

KYKS

OK

WA

IN

IAOH

SC

CT

NM

COUT

NV

ID

MT NDMN

WISD

NE

AR

PA

WV

AZ

AK

VT

MA

NJDE

NH

DC

States Identifying AR or LP Programs in 2015

States That Have Never Identified Any Programs as AR or LP

7

Alaska

Alaska

Hawaii

Hawaii

American Samoa

American Samoa

Micronesia

Micronesia

Palau

Palau

Marshall Islands

Marshall Islands

Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico

Virgin Islands

Virgin Islands

Northern Marianas

Northern Marianas

Guam

Guam

Alternative IHE based

Alternative not at IHEs

K-12 Students*

Traditional IHE based

Once I enroll in a teacher preparation program, I will have plenty of company. What do I need to know about the pool of teacher candidates I will be joining?

8

Teacher Preparation Program Enrollees

464,250

76% Female 24% Male

Gender of Enrollees by Program Type*

Female Enrollees Male Enrollees

100%

77%

70%66%

23%30%

51%49%

34%

* Source (K-12 data) National Center for Education Statistics, Digest of Education Statistics

American Indian

Asian or Pacific Islander Black Hispanic White Multiracial

926% 50% 3%

Race/Ethnicity of Enrollees by Program Type*

1%

1% 5% 16%

1% 1% 3% 3%4%9%

15%21%

18%15%

11%

73%

63%

56%

2% 2% 2%

Alternative IHE based

Alternative not at IHEs

K-12 Students*

Traditional IHE based

* Source (K-12 data) National Center for Education Statistics, Digest of Education Statistics

49,265,572

719,085

49,360,982

725,529

49,484,181

684,801

49,521,669 50,262,751 50,420,532

630,808

500,129

464,250

'08 –'09 '09 –'10 '10 –'11 '11 –'12 '12 –'13 '13–'14

Trends in Enrollment Compared to K-12 Students

K-12 Student Enrollment*

Teacher Preparation Program Enrollment

Alternative Programs not at IHEs

Alternative Programs at IHEs

Traditional Programs

83%

7%10%

I’m not just looking for a degree; I want to teach. How likely is it that I will make it through my program and earn an initial teaching credential?

10

National Pass Rate Comparison to Other Professions*

Teacher Preparation Program Completers by Program Type

180,744 Total Program Completers

96%

56%*

86%*

DoctorTeacher CPA

59%*

Lawyer

* Please refer to the back of this book for source information

11

Total # of Teachers Earning an Initial Credential

254,272 Total Teachers Credentialed

78% In State*22%

Out of State*

High-need subject areas are in bold

Teacher Preparation Program Completers by Subject Area

Traditional Alternative* Alternative*IHE based not at IHEsIHE based

* Alternative programs prepare a higher proportion of teachers in high-need subjects, including STEM subjects.

* 78% of individuals earning an initial credential completed the teacher preparation program and earned the credential in the same state. 22% of individuals completed the teacher preparation program in one state and earned the credential in another.

Elementary Education

Special Education

Early Childhood Education

English/Language Arts

Mathematics

English as a Second Language

Social Studies

Elementary Education

Special Education

English/Language Arts

Mathematics

Early Childhood Education

Social Studies

General Science

Elementary Education

Special Education

Early Childhood Education

Mathematics

English/Language Arts

General Science

English as a Second Language

23%

9%

8%

5%

4%

4%

3%

15%

12%

6%

6%

5%

5%

3%

11%

8%

8%

5%

5%

4%

3%

12

# of Teachers Credentialed

# of Program Completers

# of Teachers Credentialed is not available

Trends in Teachers Credentialed and Program Completion

282,112

309,817315,423

313,201307,332

222,103

223,781

205,506

186,205

191,208

231,765 236,592

221,439 219,321216,630

201,676

180,744

191,418

229,065

329,074

325,556 310,097

259,236

280,342

248,042

256,487 254,272

'00-'01 '01-'02 '02-'03 '03-'04 '04-'05 '05-'06 '06-'07 '07-'08 '08-'09 '09-'10 '10-'11 '11-'12 '13-'14'12-'13

Data as of May 19, 2016.Source: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Postsecondary Education.Higher Education Act Title II Reporting System (2016).

Sources

National Pass Rate Comparison to Other Professions (p10)

Lawyer 59% of individuals taking the bar examination passed in 2015.

http://www.ncbex.org/assets/media_files/Bar-Examiner/articles/2016/BE-March2016-2015Statistics.pdf

Doctor 86% of individuals taking the general pediatrics certifying exam for the first time passed in 2015.

https://www.abp.org/sites/abp/files/pdf/abp_esic.pdf

Certified Public Accountant The Uniform CPA Exam scores each of four sections of the exam separately. Pass rates for each section of the exam ranged from 46% to 56% in 2015.

http://www.aicpa.org/becomeacpa/cpaexam/psychometricsandscoring/passingrates/pages/default.aspx

https://title2.ed.gov

Data as of May 19, 2016.Source: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Postsecondary Education.Higher Education Act Title II Reporting System (2016).

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