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Pathology Practicals 3 (Part 3)Endocrine, Breast, Urinary System

By: Jeffrey James Co :D

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** Remember! Grave¶s Disease, Papillary Carcinoma (Thyroid),Hashimoto¶s (Chronic Lymphocytic) Thyroiditis

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Pituitary Adenoma

Basilar Artery 

Pituitary  Adenoma

Olfactory Bulb

Hx: 54 yo male complained of severe frontalheadache and blurring of vision of 2 weeksduration.

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normal vs pituitary adenoma

Diffuse pattern, cells arranged in sheets, closely packed, supported by scantfibrovascular stroma and absence of reticulin.

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 Adenoma

ResidualTissue

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Normal Thyroid

Colloid

Parafollicular cells

Follicular cells

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Hx: 50 yo women, enlarged mass on neck 

Clinical Features:

Goiter, Hypothyroidism, Increased TSH, Low T3and T4 levels

Hurthle or Askanazy Cells

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Hashimoto (Auto-Immune)

(Lymphoid follicles with germinal centers

Subacute Lymphocytic (just like

Hashimoto¶s but NO fibrosis and no

germinal centers), often post-partum

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Diffuse Non-toxic (Simple) Goiter

Hx: 59 yo female, non-tender, large anterior neck mass

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Gross: Enlarged, doughy,purplish to reddish-brown

Microscopy: Enlargedirregular Thyroid Follicles with excessive colloid

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 Graves disease (diffuse toxic goiter)

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Low TSH, Hyperthyroidism,

Hx: 29 yo female non-tender, large anterior neck mass

SCALLOPING

 APPEARA NCE!

(Yung mga butas butas sasides)

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Follicular adenoma

Hx: 24 yo female mass solitary 

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Normal

Follicular Adenoma

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Papillary Carcinoma

Hx: 54 yo male, pricking pain and dyspnea

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ORPHA N A NNIE CELLS (Clear Ground Glass)

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P A PILLARY 

 AR IN MA  

PSAMMOMA BODIES

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Tumors: Adrenal cortexexternal surface in the left photo shows a yellow-tan color. The cut surface inthe right photo is hemorrhagic, of a yellow-pink-tan color, and shows minorcystic change.

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Adrenocortical carcinoma

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Adrenocortical carcinoma

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Hindi ko na lahatin, lalagay ko nalang yun pinakasure lalabas..:D

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Fibroadenoma

Hx: 20 yo female, tender mass o the right breast

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Hx: 53 yo female, 4 yrs past her menopause w/ tumor of increaseing size in the breast

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Microscopy: Spindly and stellate,myxomatous stromal cells w/ areas of necrosis and hemorrhages

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MAY DELINEATIONS PA FROM NORMAL A ND ABNORMAL CELLS

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DISTORTED CAPSULE

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INDIA N FILING

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 AUTOSOMALDOMIN A NTPOLYCYSTIC

KIDN

EY DISEASE

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MUST K NOW!!! :D

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Pathogenesis:Secondary to congenital obstruction of theureteropelvic junction.

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 Wilms tumor resembles the developing fetal nephrogenic zone of the kidney.The tumor shows attempts to form primitive glomerular and tubularstructures. Pediatric neoplasms are often composed of cells that resembleprimitive embryonic counterparts: -blasts. In this case the cells arereminiscent of developing nephroblasts.

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Composition of Urine

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Composition of Urine

1. Chemical Constituent: NaCl, Urea (Most impt)

2. Microscopic Constituent: RBC, WBC, Epithcells, Casts, Crystals

Normal Volume of urine: 1200-1500ml/day 

Normal Spec.Gravity: 1.016-1.022 Normal pH: 4.6-8

Normal Protein: 150mg/24hrs or 10mg/dl

Renal Glucose Threshold: 160-180mg/dl RBC : 0-2/HPF

 WBC: 0-5/HPF

Epithelial Cells: >3 is ischemic necrosis

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CastsFactors affecting cast formation:

1. pH: acidic2. Concentrated urine3. Proteinuria4. Stasis or obstructionTypes of Casts:1. Matrix Casts: Hyaline- glomeruloneph, pyeloneph, Chronic renal dse,

CHF  Waxy- Stasis or urine flow 2. Cellular Casts: RBC ± glomeruloneph, strenuous exercise

 WBC ± pyeloneph, acute interstitial neph Epithelial cells ± Renal Tubular Damage Mixed cells3. Inclusion Casts: Granular Casts, Fatty casts, Hemosiderin Casts

RBC CASTS!

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RBC CASTS!

WBC Casts

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WBC Casts

Hyaline Casts

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Hyaline Casts

Epithelial Cell Casts

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Epithelial Cell Casts

Waxy Casts

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Waxy Casts

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Granular Cast

Fatty Casts Hemosiderin Casts

OFB = Oval Fat Body 

Crystals

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CrystalsNormal Acid Urine:

 Amorphous UratesCrystalline urates

Crystalline Uric Acid

Calcium Oxalate

Normal Alkaline Urine Crystalline phosphates

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 Amorphous Phosphate

Calcium carbonate  Ammonium biurate

Abnormal Crystals

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Cystine Tyrosine

Sulfonamide

Leucine

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YOU HAVE NOW FINISHED THE LAST 

PART!!!! PASADO KANA! LOL :PGOOD LUCK! :D