Pathak, J Textile Sci Eng 2012, 2:5 x t i l e S cience T e n a o ... J Textile Sci Eng 2012, 2:5...
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Volume 2 • Issue 5 • 1000e107 J Textile Sci Eng ISSN: 2165-8064 JTESE, an open access journal Open Access Pathak, J Textile Sci Eng 2012, 2:5 DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000e107 Open Access Editorial Smart’ Textile Materials: A Paradigm Shift Hilor Pathak* Department of Microbiology, Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat, India *Corresponding author: Hilor Pathak, Department of Microbiology, Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat, India, Tel: 91-2697-248202; E-mail: [email protected] Received August 20, 2012; Accepted August 22, 2012; Published August 29, 2012 Citation: Pathak H (2012) Smart’ Textile Materials: A Paradigm Shift. J Textile Sci Eng 2:e107. doi:10.4172/2165-8064.1000e107 Copyright: © 2012 Pathak H. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. At the twirl of the 21 st century, scientists have witnessed a remarkable march in the field of innovation and technology. One of such innovative strategy is the development of ‘smart’ fabrics which is a consequence of constant prospecting for methods of improving textile quality for specialized purposes like cosmetics, pharmaceutical, biomedical, sportswear, military and other protective uses. ‘Smart’ fabrics are the amalgamation of conventional textile materials and polymer hydrogels imparting advanced properties [1]. Such properties are conferred by ‘smart’ functional finishing technology that provides a wide spectrum of rich value-added product choices. is technology is based on graſting of a thin layer of Surface Modifying Systems (SMS) in the form of stimuli responsive gels/ Environment Responsive Polymers (ERP) onto the surface of conventional textile materials like cotton or cellulose. e term ‘smart’ here refers to the textile materials or products that can discern and deduce changes in their surroundings, and respond appropriately. e functional activity of these materials is therefore, a significant facet. ‘Smart’ textiles act as both sensors and actuators and thus stand differently from the other existing multifunctional textiles that behave as mere “passive” materials with enhanced properties. As a result, novel improved fabrics can be created that not only possess the original fabric properties (e.g. mechanical strength, flexibility, etc.) but also advanced functionalities and/or environmental responsiveness implemented by manipulating the surface of the textile material. Polymer hydrogels [2] possess unique property of volume transitions (i.e. swelling and shrinkage) which can be stimulated by external stimuli such as pH, temperature, solvent, electric field, light, stress, ionic strength, other external chemical stimuli, etc. Moreover, this phenomenon is reversible and has thus, provoked scientists to explore the potential of such gels as actuators and sensors in the textile industry. In designing ‘smart’ textile materials, the applications of biopolymer-based hydrogels have received special interest. In addition to biopolymers like chitosan [3], synthetic polymers are also used as components to produce effective ‘smart’ hydrogels. Moreover, copolymerization of two different polymers has also proven significantly successful tool for graſting of ‘smart’ textiles. e following is a glance at the major prospects of these ‘smart’ textiles. • Deodorant fabrics: ese fabrics are capable of releasing deodorant agents at specific temperatures. us they are used in aroma finishing of fabrics. e fragrance moieties are included in the β-Cyclodextrin and are capable of releasing it in a sustainable fashion by changing the external temperature or pH [4]. • Drug/nutrient delivery fabrics: ese fabrics are applied for temperature dependent delivery of drugs/nutrients like vitamins, chinese herbs and other therapeutic medicines. e property of swelling and shrinkage of polymer hydrogels enables a drug or nutrient loaded in the hydrogels to be released in a controlled manner. • Shape memory fabrics: ese are fabrics coated with shape memory polymers like polyurethane that aid in the shape recovery process of the coated fabric. Water/solvent responsive shape memory fabrics harbor shape recovery of deformed fabrics by the plasticizing effect of water molecules. • Breathable fabrics: ese fabrics depict a glass transition at around human body temperature. When the body temperature is above the glass transition temperature, the free volume of the film increases and enables the transfer of heat and vapor through perspiration to the environment and thereby provides with a for a contented feeling to the person wearing such a fabric. • ermochromic textiles: ese textiles display change in color with the change in the external temperature [5]. is is imparted by the use of thermochromic materials like cholesterins. Temperature change causes variations of the light selective reflection of the cholesterins and thereby the thermochromic effect. • Photochromic textiles: Upon irradiation with light, the covalent bond between the carbon and oxygen of photochromic compound on the fabric breaks and gives rise to ionic pairs. e molecule thus produced, absorbs photons of visible light, and is colorful. • Skin care fabrics are graſted from stimuli-responsive hydrogel treated textiles to impart moisturizing, whitening, brightening, and even anti-ageing effects on human skins [6,7]. With this modest information about ‘smart’ textiles, we should be pleased with the fact that these fabrics in near future will provide us with considerable convenience (help us stay warm during winters or cool during summers); support (protect us against infections) and gratification in our routine life style. is “smart” functional finishing technology should be therefore, greatly welcomed as it allows the producers to use their conventional textile materials and still achieve added-value for the same fabrics that will attract the potential consumer markets for sure. References 1. Hu J, Meng H, Li G, Ibekwe SI (2012) A review of stimuli-responsive polymers for smart textile applications. Smart Mater Struct 21. Journal of Textile Science & Engineering J o u r n a l o f T e x t il e S c i e n c e & E n g i n e e r i n g ISSN: 2165-8064
Transcript of Pathak, J Textile Sci Eng 2012, 2:5 x t i l e S cience T e n a o ... J Textile Sci Eng 2012, 2:5...
Volume 2 • Issue 5 • 1000e107J Textile Sci EngISSN: 2165-8064 JTESE, an open access journal
Open Access
Pathak, J Textile Sci Eng 2012, 2:5DOI: 10.4172/2165-8064.1000e107
Open Access
Editorial
Smart’ Textile Materials: A Paradigm ShiftHilor Pathak*
Department of Microbiology, Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat, India
*Corresponding author: Hilor Pathak, Department of Microbiology, Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat, India, Tel: 91-2697-248202; E-mail: [email protected]
Received August 20, 2012; Accepted August 22, 2012; Published August 29, 2012
Citation: Pathak H (2012) Smart’ Textile Materials: A Paradigm Shift. J Textile Sci Eng 2:e107. doi:10.4172/2165-8064.1000e107
Copyright: © 2012 Pathak H. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
At the twirl of the 21st century, scientists have witnessed a remarkable march in the field of innovation and technology. One of such innovative strategy is the development of ‘smart’ fabrics which is a consequence of constant prospecting for methods of improving textile quality for specialized purposes like cosmetics, pharmaceutical, biomedical, sportswear, military and other protective uses. ‘Smart’ fabrics are the amalgamation of conventional textile materials and polymer hydrogels imparting advanced properties [1]. Such properties are conferred by ‘smart’ functional finishing technology that provides a wide spectrum of rich value-added product choices. This technology is based on grafting of a thin layer of Surface Modifying Systems (SMS) in the form of stimuli responsive gels/ Environment Responsive Polymers (ERP) onto the surface of conventional textile materials like cotton or cellulose.
The term ‘smart’ here refers to the textile materials or products that can discern and deduce changes in their surroundings, and respond appropriately. The functional activity of these materials is therefore, a significant facet. ‘Smart’ textiles act as both sensors and actuators and thus stand differently from the other existing multifunctional textiles that behave as mere “passive” materials with enhanced properties. As a result, novel improved fabrics can be created that not only possess the original fabric properties (e.g. mechanical strength, flexibility, etc.) but also advanced functionalities and/or environmental responsiveness implemented by manipulating the surface of the textile material.
Polymer hydrogels [2] possess unique property of volume transitions (i.e. swelling and shrinkage) which can be stimulated by external stimuli such as pH, temperature, solvent, electric field, light, stress, ionic strength, other external chemical stimuli, etc. Moreover, this phenomenon is reversible and has thus, provoked scientists to explore the potential of such gels as actuators and sensors in the textile industry. In designing ‘smart’ textile materials, the applications of biopolymer-based hydrogels have received special interest. In addition to biopolymers like chitosan [3], synthetic polymers are also used as components to produce effective ‘smart’ hydrogels. Moreover, copolymerization of two different polymers has also proven significantly successful tool for grafting of ‘smart’ textiles. The following is a glance at the major prospects of these ‘smart’ textiles.
• Deodorant fabrics: These fabrics are capable of releasingdeodorant agents at specific temperatures. Thus they areused in aroma finishing of fabrics. The fra grance moieties areincluded in the β-Cyclodextrin and are capable of releasing itin a sustainable fashion by changing the external temperatureor pH [4].
• Drug/nutrient delivery fabrics: These fabrics are appliedfor temperature dependent delivery of drugs/nutrients likevitamins, chinese herbs and other therapeutic medicines.The property of swelling and shrinkage of polymer hydrogelsenables a drug or nutrient loaded in the hydrogels to be releasedin a controlled manner.
• Shapememory fabrics:These are fabrics coated with shape
memory polymers like polyurethane that aid in the shape recovery process of the coated fabric. Water/solvent responsive shape memory fabrics harbor shape recovery of deformed fabrics by the plasticizing effect of water molecules.
• Breathable fabrics:These fabricsdepict a glass transition ataround human body temperature. When the body temperatureis above the glass transition temperature, the free volume ofthe film increases and enables the transfer of heat and vaporthrough perspiration to the environment and thereby provideswith a for a contented feeling to the person wearing such afabric.
• Thermochromic textiles: These textiles display change incolor with the change in the external temperature [5]. Thisis imparted by the use of thermochromic materials likecholesterins. Temperature change causes variations of thelight selective reflection of the cholesterins and thereby thethermochromic effect.
• Photochromic textiles: Upon irradiation with light, thecovalent bond between the carbon and oxygen of photochromiccompound on the fabric breaks and gives rise to ionic pairs.The molecule thus produced, absorbs photons of visible light,and is colorful.
• Skincarefabricsare grafted from stimuli-responsive hydrogeltreated textiles to impart moisturizing, whitening, brightening,and even anti-ageing effects on human skins [6,7].
With this modest information about ‘smart’ textiles, we should be pleased with the fact that these fabrics in near future will provide us with considerable convenience (help us stay warm during winters or cool during summers); support (protect us against infections) and gratification in our routine life style. This “smart” functional finishing technology should be therefore, greatly welcomed as it allows the producers to use their conventional textile materials and still achieve added-value for the same fabrics that will attract the potential consumer markets for sure.References
1. Hu J, Meng H, Li G, Ibekwe SI (2012) A review of stimuli-responsive polymers for smart textile applications. Smart Mater Struct 21.
Journal of Textile Science & EngineeringJo
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ISSN: 2165-8064
Citation: Pathak H (2012) Smart’ Textile Materials: A Paradigm Shift. J Textile Sci Eng 2:e107. doi:10.4172/2165-8064.1000e107
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Volume 2 • Issue 5 • 1000e107J Textile Sci EngISSN: 2165-8064 JTESE, an open access journal
2. Kulkarni A, Tourrette A, Warmoeskerken MMCG, Jocic D (2010) Microgel-based surface modifying system for stimuli-responsive functional finishing of cotton. Carbohydrate Polymers 82: 1306-1314.
3. Aranaz I, Mengibar M, Harris R, Panos I, Miralles B, et al. (2009) Functional Characterization of Chitin and Chitosan. Current Chemical Biology 3: 203-230.
4. Liu R, Fraylich M, Saunders BR (2009) Thermoresponsive copolymers: from fundamental studies to applications. Colloid and Polymer Science 287: 627-643.
5. Fan L, Wu H, Zhang H, Li F, Yang T, et al. (2008) Novel super pH-sensitive nanoparticles responsive to tumor extracellular pH. Carbohydrate Polymers 73: 390-400.
6. Jocic D (2008) Smart Textile Materials by Surface Modification with Biopolymeric Systems. RJTA 12: 58-65.
7. Liu B, Hu J (2005) The Application of Temperature-Sensitive Hydrogels to Textiles: A Review of Chinese and Japanese Investigations. Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe13: 45-49.
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