Path to 5G Overview - MWC 2015 - InterDigital

1

Path to 5G Overview Mobile World Congress 2015

© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

2

So where are we with 5G?

Further along than you might think


3

Drivers & Requirements: the most diverse in any generation!

8K Ultra High Definition will be available around 2020 driving 2600x traffic of 2010

50 Billion+ things across a dozen industries, unsynchronized, all talking at the same time

Real time interaction with environments is crucial to engagement of human beings

New levels of life interactive experiences shaping new wireless requirements


The internet of everything(and an awful lot of everything!)

Tactile internet

Video, video & more video!

Mission critical apps

4G purposed mainly for VIDEO… 5G video ++ ● IoE ● TACTILE internet ● mission critical IMT-2020

4

Drivers & Requirements: gathering international consensus


LTE-ALTE

50Mbps150Mbps

500Mbps1Gbps

16.32 30

upto20MHz upto100MHz

~10ms ~5ms

Peak Data Rate:

Spectral Efficiency:

Carrier Bandwidth:

Latency (RTT):

<1millisecondlatency

(when needed)

10-50Gbps peak data rates

90% Energyreduction per

service

100-500MHz Carrier Bandwidth

Higher Density:Millions of

connections per km2

Higher TrafficVolume:

1-10 Tbps per km2

Rapid ServiceCreation

(from days to minutes)

Sustainable Total Cost of Owner for

all players

User DefinableSecurity & Privacy

*Key requirements harmonized & agreed in ITU-R WP5D


5

The Players: organized well across industry and academia5G is in very real discussion & is expanding across the international stage

Horizon 2020 – 5GPPP Program (InterDigital Europe) EU FP7 Program – METIS, 5GNOW, MAMMOET, etc. 5G Innovation Center (5GIC) – University of Surrey

Korean 5G Forum Initiative, Korea (InterDigital Asia) IMT-2020 (5G) Promotion Group, China ARIB 2020 & Beyond Ad Hoc Group, Japan

Leading 5G Universities: NYU, MIT, Berkeley, Stanford Various NSF Projects: FIA Program, Xdensification Intel Strategic Research Alliance, Qualcomm Institute


Asia

Americas

Europe

International

6

5G Roadmap: with key international event drivers

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Winter Olympics: KOREA Summer Olympics: Japan FIFA World Cup: Quatar

WRC-15

InterDigital Vision 2020, Creating the Living Network, 5G…

Rel 12 Rel 13 Rel 14 Rel 15 Rel 16

WRC-19

802.11ax - 6G Wi-Fi! 802.11ax Standard. (<6GHz)

NG60 SG WiGig3.0 - 6G Wi-Fi! WiGig2.0 Standard

5G Studies STANDARDIZATIONWAVE 1 (<6GHz)

5G PRODUCTS & DEPLOYMENT START!

Standardization continues…

LTE-B LTE-C

Vision Requirements Proposals

5G Research, Prototyping, Trials (5GPPP, 5G Forum, etc.)


7

The Path to 5GA Path Long Travelled


8

Services SubsystemThe Path to 5G


9

Services: the evolution to the smarter, living network5G will deliver next level of experience and enabling business models

Wave 1 (Voice) Wave 2 (Visual) 5G:The Living Network

New services, new business models

Glory days of GSM

Integrated telephony

applications

IMS promises

Walled garden worries!

Rise of the OTT

A new status quo

Rise of the mobile internet

The video experience

The living experience


1010

What needs to happen

• New broad innovation (in 4G & 5G) in the area of networking technology to enable flexible models that may be equitably leveraged by both operators and OTT


What Over the Top Players want?• Access to subscriber information including phone types, history, etc.

• Real time knowledge of network conditions & level of quality of service

• Ability to manage the quality of service on application, user basis

Services: business models must and will change in 5G

What Mobile Operators want?• Sell new services and key assets such as quality of service, status, etc.

• Monetize secure and scalable XaaS hosting services for OTT customers

• Grow their business’ in a predictable & sustainable way enabling 5G potential

5G may simply not happen unless a “happy” consensus is reached here…

11

Services: the IoE New Frontier but a very similar story


• A wealth of rich data remains closed behind legacy and highly fragmented silos common today across most vertical industries (e.g. transport, energy)

• The opening of this data in an economical way will enable a leap in context awareness that will serve to drive the deep fabric of 5G network operation

Connectivity

Service/App. Enablement

Managed Data

Devices Devices

(1)Yesterday (2)Today (3)Tomorrow

Where the many verticals are stalled today

Management Services

Connectivity

M2M → IoE Evolution

Connectivity

Devices

Management Services

12

Network SubsystemThe Path to 5G


13

The

Inte

rnet

Pro

toco

l “Ru

bico

n”

Network: and in the beginning there was “virtualization”5G will be about more of this (deeper virtualization, broader usage of SDN)

First wave of virtualization and the second the third & not last

NFV : Separate SERVICE logic from HW Platform

SDN: Separate CONTROL and DATA planes

Emergence of NFV and SDN Technology

NFV=Network Function Virtualization, SDN=Software Defined Networking

Circuit Switching all IP

Break up of Bell system in USA

1982 Mid 80’s Mid 90’s+ Mid/Late 00’s+

Emergence of Intelligent Networking

(SS#7/AIN)

STEP1 : Separate SERVICE logic from switching

Infrastructure

…giving us 800#, voicemail, Caller

ID and GSM!

STEP2 : Separate CONTROL and DATA planes

(Commodity Hardware)

Emergence of Soft Switch Technology

(MGCP, MEGACO, SIP)

…the era of Convergence


14

Network Subsystem: other key themes of today that will continue to shape the 5G world of tomorrow

5G will leverage this tech across and deeper into its architecture and business models

5G requirements will push ‘caching” deeper into both the network & wireless subsystems

5G ≠ infinite bandwidth but it may deliver a perception of it through contextualization


Deep Content & Information Management

Contextualization

CloudificationVirtualization

15

5G Emerging Technologies in the network subsystem

SDN is an approach to networking in which routing control is decoupled from the physical infrastructure enabling a networking fabric across multi-vendor equipment

NFV moves network services out of dedicated hardware devices into software. Functions that in the past required specialized hardware devices can now be performed on standard x86 servers


Network Function Virtualization

Software Defined Networking

16

5G Emerging Technologies in the network subsystemThe new network operating system. Supports lifecycle management, global resource management, validation and authorization of new requests, policy management, system analytics, interface management

Extends cloud computing and services to the edge of the network and into devices. Similar to cloud, fog provides network, compute, storage (caching) and services to end users. The distinguishing feature of Fog reduces latency & improves QoS resulting in a superior user experience

“5G may not deliver infinite bandwidth but it may well deliver a reasonable perception thereof” CN includes all categories of analytics (behavioral, predictive, etc.) & cross layer techniques applied to enable the more efficient and “just in time” use network capacity

ICN directly routes and delivers named pieces of content at the packet level of the network, enabling automatic and application-neutral caching in memory wherever it’s located in the network. The result? Improved mobility, security, privacy, resiliency, multicast support, etc.


Fog Computing Edge Computing

Contextual Networking

SDN/NFV Orchestration

Information Centric Networking

17

Wireless SubsystemThe Path to 5G


18

Wireless Subsystem: and in the beginning there was 9.6kbps!

Really quite amazing when you stop and think about it…

2G Narrowband Era 3G Broadband Era (for the few) 4G …and for the massesIMT-2000 IMT-A

100,000X on GSM Phase 1

WCDMAHSPA

HSPA+

LTE*

LTE-A2012+

GSM-EDGE

1990+

9.6kbpsGSM Phase 1

UL=118KbpsDL=236Kbps

384Kbps2Mbps

5.7Mbps14Mbps

11.5Mbps42Mbps

50Mbps150Mbps

500Mbps1Gbps

0.17-0.33(Bit/s/Hz) 0.51 2.88 12.5 16.32 30

200kHz 5MHz 5MHz 5MHz upto20MHz upto100MHz

300ms 250ms ~70ms ~30ms ~10ms ~5ms

Peak Data Rate:


Carrier Bandwidth:

Latency (RTT):

*LTE Category 4


19© 2015 InterDigital, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Wireless Subsystem: the spectral efficiency path5G will be about more of this: more MIMO, coding & interference reduction

Historical Approach:Reduce Eb/No

through fundamental generational advances

1G

2G

3G

10

1

0.1

0.010 10 20 30 40

Eb/No [dB](Note: as bit rate rises Eb/No must decrease to maintain/improve SNR)

Spec

tral

Effi

cien

cy [b

it/s/

Hz]

Shannon limitReuse=1

Current/Future Path Forward:

Spatial multiplexing (MIMO), interference

reduction and better coding gains

4G

2G3G

10

1

0.1

0.010 10 20 30 40

Eb/No [dB](Note: Further reductions in Eb/No very hard as theoretical limit approached)

Spec

tral

Effi

cien

cy [b

it/s/

Hz]

Shannon limit

LTE PEAK RATE

2020

Wireless Subsystem: the small cell path

5G will be about more of this: ultra dense, mmW cells, D2D communications

This journey has a few more stops to go!

It has always been about small and smaller cells

Todays systems are all a patchwork of coverage and capacity cells where “capacity” is delivered by aheterogeneous mix of small cells

This space is likely to be a key battleground in the next generation race (remember LTE versus WIMAX, place your bets now for 5G)


Main driver of capacity growth last 50 years1

Microcell

Femto

Cellular

Broadcast

Picocell WiFi

Nano

25xMore Spectrum20x

Radio Design

2000xNumber of cells

Higher Frequencies

Proximity Services

Network Densification

21

Wireless Subsystem: other key themes of today that will continue to shape the 5G world of tomorrow (1 of 2)

In 5G this new spectrum will be allocated in <6GHz and >28GHz bands

5G will “build in” new capabilities to better support more efficient usage models

Energy efficiency will be a more significant driver in 5G than in any previous generation


More Flexible Spectrum

Energy Efficiency

New Spectrum Allocations

22


5G will add new dimensions including new categories of small cells, coop comms.

5G will blur definitions of access & backhaul delivering long promised wireless mesh



Self OrganizationBackhaul Flexibility


Heterogeneous Networking

23

Radio and SpectrumThe Path to 5G


2424

5G a tale of two spectrums: Small,

smaller and tiny cells

A tale of two integrated wireless subsystems

• EVO: Below 6GHz with more aggregation of legacy bands, better coordination, and greater MIMO, etc.

• REVO: mmW with large chunks of contiguous bandwidth, dynamic meshing, massive MIMO, etc.


WRC’15

• Up to 100 MHz BW• FDD/TDD• Macro cells• Long symbol duration

• Up to 200 MHz BW• FDD/TDD• Marco/small cells• Long symbol duration

• Up to 1 GHz BW• TDD (priority)• Small cells• Short symbol duration


Below 6 GHz Above 6 GHz

WRC’19

70 - 80GHz

60 - 70GHz

20 - 50GHz

2300 – 6000MHz

700 - 2300MHz

1200 MHz spectrum(licensed & Unlicensed; Harmonized)

Up to 5 GHz spectrum(mostly licensed; Not harmonized)

Up to 24 GHz spectrum (mostly unlicensed; Harmonized)


Millimeter Wave R&D Vision

• The Technology Solution for 5G Small Cell Access and Backhaul

• Capacity growth beyond what emerging Small Cell and Spectrum Sharing solutions can provide

• 100x – 1000x growth!

Next GeNB

mmWbackhaul

mmWaccess

TraditionalCellular

Link

Full mmHArchitecture

5G AccessWireless Mesh Backhaul

B E

A D

CG

2016 2020 2023

mmW Phase Array Radio and Antenna

MAC & PHY Algorithms

Earliest Commercialization Timeline

Innovation and Core Technology


New and flexible spectrum usage• New large spectrum

at mmW frequencies

• Carrier Aggregation of discontinuous bands

• Dual band split user and control plane

• Joint multi-RATs management

• Cognitive techniques (Spectrum Sensing)

Novel duplexing schemes• Joint TDD-FDD

operation

• Dynamic TDD

• Single channel full duplexing

Advanced antenna and multi-site technologies• 3D-beamforming and

MU-MIMO

• Active Antenna System (AAS)

• Massive MIMO

• Network MIMO (Adv. CoMP)

Advanced waveforms and multiple access• More flexible

waveforms than pure OFDM (e.g. RBF-OFDM; FBMC; etc.)

• Non-orthogonal multiple access

• Broader set of modulation and coding schemes

• Advanced interference coordination and cancellation techniques

• Flexible functional split (virtualization / cloudification)

• Flexible backhauling and joint optimization with access

5G Air Interface: shaping the new four letter acronym

27

5G Emerging Technologies in the wireless subsystem

Alternatives to pure OFDM such as RBF-OFDM, FBMC, GFDM, and UFMC,are motivated for better spectrum containment and asynchronous(non-orthogonal) sharing scenarios in 5G.

The use of a very large number of antennas is proposed as a means to achieve very high throughput and spectral efficiency per area. Both co-located and distributed architectures are envisaged, with co-located massive MIMO particularly appealing to high frequency bands (thanks to the narrow beams and small form factor).

Millimeter Wave spectrum (20-80GHz) offers large chunks (up to 2GHz) ofcontiguous bandwidth, which makes it suitable for ultra-high throughputand low latency scenarios.


Advanced MIMO

Advanced waveforms

Millimeter Wave

28


Thanks to recent advances in self-interference cancellation, single channel full duplex(also known as simultaneous transmission and reception - STR) is being considered. Itprovides up to 2x link spectral efficiency gain, reduced air interface latency, andsignificantly improved MAC.

Carrier Aggregation of discontinuous bands could allow wider bandwidth to be used and hence significantly increase the system capacity. This technology is already adopted in LTE-A, though extensions are further expected in 5G, including cognitive capabilities (e.g. spectrum sensing, database access, etc.)

Flexible and high capacity backhaul integrating multiple technologies (e.g. optical,wireless including mmW) is necessary to cope with the technology trends for 5G radiointerface. Multi-technology resources pooling, dynamic topology (re)formation (e.g.dynamic meshing), and efficient context-aware resource scheduling are key features.


Carrier Aggregation of discontinuous bands

Single channel full duplexing

Flexible and high capacity backhaul

29

InterDigital 5G VisionMobile World Congress 2015


30

ICN=Information Centric Networking, SDN=Software Defined Networking, NFV=Network Function Virtualization, D2D=Device to Device Comms

InterDigital 5G Vision: The Living Network Vision is realized

IMMERSIVE VIDEO TACTILE INTERNET M2M IOT MISSION CRITICAL

VIRTUALIZATION LAYER

NETWORK OS (ORCHESTRATION LAYER)

ANALYTICS POLICY CONTENT MANAGEMENT MULTI TENANCY NEW ROUTINGEnabled by the 5G programmable Infrastructure

Driven by a diverse array of 5G Services

Powered by a 5G virtual resource pool MacroCell Resource Pool:

SmallCell Resource Pool:

Cloud RAN Processing

Remote Radios

Mobile Relays

Satellite Optical

Region Cache Units

Ultra DenseCells

WiFi Evolution

mmW Hotspots

D2D Comms

Deep Edge Compute

ICN

SDN NFV

THE LIVING NETWORK

Smart TRANSPORT Smart ENERGY Smart HEALTH Smart HOMES Smart CITIES

Sensors + Things: Providing essential driving context (the big data!)

THE LIVING NETWORK

Core Wireless Tech. New Waveforms Massive MIMO Flexible Spectrum Multi-RAT Aggregate Mesh Networking Novel Duplexing


3131

Path to 5G Overview Mobile World Congress 2015


3232

So where are we with 5G?

Further along than you might think


3333

Drivers & Requirements: the most diverse in any generation!

8K Ultra High Definition will be available around 2020 driving 2600x traffic of 2010

50 Billion+ things across a dozen industries, unsynchronized, all talking at the same time

Real time interaction with environments is crucial to engagement of human beings

New levels of life interactive experiences shaping new wireless requirements


The internet of everything(and an awful lot of everything!)

Tactile internet

Video, video & more video!

Mission critical apps


34

Drivers & Requirements: gathering international consensus


LTE-ALTE

50Mbps150Mbps

500Mbps1Gbps

16.32 30

upto20MHz upto100MHz

~10ms ~5ms

Peak Data Rate:


Carrier Bandwidth:

Latency (RTT):

<1millisecondlatency

(when needed)

10-50Gbps peak data rates

90% Energyreduction per

service

100-500MHz Carrier Bandwidth

Higher Density:Millions of

connections per km2

Higher TrafficVolume:

1-10 Tbps per km2

Rapid ServiceCreation

(from days to minutes)

Sustainable Total Cost of Owner for

all players

User DefinableSecurity & Privacy

*Key requirements harmonized & agreed in ITU-R WP5D


3535

The Players: organized well across industry and academia5G is in very real discussion & is expanding across the international stage

Horizon 2020 – 5GPPP Program (InterDigital Europe) EU FP7 Program – METIS, 5GNOW, MAMMOET, etc. 5G Innovation Center (5GIC) – University of Surrey

Korean 5G Forum Initiative, Korea (InterDigital Asia) IMT-2020 (5G) Promotion Group, China ARIB 2020 & Beyond Ad Hoc Group, Japan

Leading 5G Universities: NYU, MIT, Berkeley, Stanford Various NSF Projects: FIA Program, Xdensification Intel Strategic Research Alliance, Qualcomm Institute


Asia

Americas

Europe

International

36

5G Roadmap: with key international event drivers

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Winter Olympics: KOREA Summer Olympics: Japan FIFA World Cup: Quatar

WRC-15

InterDigital Vision 2020, Creating the Living Network, 5G…

Rel 12 Rel 13 Rel 14 Rel 15 Rel 16

WRC-19

802.11ax - 6G Wi-Fi! 802.11ax Standard. (<6GHz)

NG60 SG WiGig3.0 - 6G Wi-Fi! WiGig2.0 Standard

5G Studies STANDARDIZATIONWAVE 1 (<6GHz)

5G PRODUCTS & DEPLOYMENT START!

Standardization continues…

LTE-B LTE-C

Vision Requirements Proposals

5G Research, Prototyping, Trials (5GPPP, 5G Forum, etc.)


3737

The Path to 5GA Path Long Travelled


3838

Services SubsystemThe Path to 5G


39

Services: the evolution to the smarter, living network5G will deliver next level of experience and enabling business models

Wave 1 (Voice) Wave 2 (Visual) 5G:The Living Network

New services, new business models

Glory days of GSM

Integrated telephony

applications

IMS promises

Walled garden worries!

Rise of the OTT

A new status quo

Rise of the mobile internet

The video experience

The living experience


4040

What needs to happen

• New broad innovation (in 4G & 5G) in the area of networking technology to enable flexible models that may be equitably leveraged by both operators and OTT


What Over the Top Players want?• Access to subscriber information including phone types, history, etc.

• Real time knowledge of network conditions & level of quality of service

• Ability to manage the quality of service on application, user basis

Services: business models must and will change in 5G

What Mobile Operators want?• Sell new services and key assets such as quality of service, status, etc.

• Monetize secure and scalable XaaS hosting services for OTT customers

• Grow their business’ in a predictable & sustainable way enabling 5G potential

5G may simply not happen unless a “happy” consensus is reached here…

4141

Services: the IoE New Frontier but a very similar story


• A wealth of rich data remains closed behind legacy and highly fragmented silos common today across most vertical industries (e.g. transport, energy)

• The opening of this data in an economical way will enable a leap in context awareness that will serve to drive the deep fabric of 5G network operation

Connectivity

Service/App. Enablement

Managed Data

Devices Devices

(1)Yesterday (2)Today (3)Tomorrow

Where the many verticals are stalled today

Management Services

Connectivity

M2M → IoE Evolution

Connectivity

Devices

Management Services

4242

Network SubsystemThe Path to 5G


43

The

Inte

rnet

Pro

toco

l “Ru

bico

n”

Network: and in the beginning there was “virtualization”5G will be about more of this (deeper virtualization, broader usage of SDN)

First wave of virtualization and the second the third & not last

NFV : Separate SERVICE logic from HW Platform

SDN: Separate CONTROL and DATA planes

Emergence of NFV and SDN Technology

NFV=Network Function Virtualization, SDN=Software Defined Networking

Circuit Switching all IP

Break up of Bell system in USA

1982 Mid 80’s Mid 90’s+ Mid/Late 00’s+

Emergence of Intelligent Networking

(SS#7/AIN)

STEP1 : Separate SERVICE logic from switching

Infrastructure

…giving us 800#, voicemail, Caller

ID and GSM!

STEP2 : Separate CONTROL and DATA planes

(Commodity Hardware)

Emergence of Soft Switch Technology

(MGCP, MEGACO, SIP)

…the era of Convergence


4444

Network Subsystem: other key themes of today that will continue to shape the 5G world of tomorrow


5G requirements will push ‘caching” deeper into both the network & wireless subsystems

5G ≠ infinite bandwidth but it may deliver a perception of it through contextualization


Deep Content & Information Management

Contextualization


4545

5G Emerging Technologies in the network subsystem

SDN is an approach to networking in which routing control is decoupled from the physical infrastructure enabling a networking fabric across multi-vendor equipment

NFV moves network services out of dedicated hardware devices into software. Functions that in the past required specialized hardware devices can now be performed on standard x86 servers


Network Function Virtualization

Software Defined Networking

4646

5G Emerging Technologies in the network subsystemThe new network operating system. Supports lifecycle management, global resource management, validation and authorization of new requests, policy management, system analytics, interface management

Extends cloud computing and services to the edge of the network and into devices. Similar to cloud, fog provides network, compute, storage (caching) and services to end users. The distinguishing feature of Fog reduces latency & improves QoS resulting in a superior user experience

“5G may not deliver infinite bandwidth but it may well deliver a reasonable perception thereof” CN includes all categories of analytics (behavioral, predictive, etc.) & cross layer techniques applied to enable the more efficient and “just in time” use network capacity

ICN directly routes and delivers named pieces of content at the packet level of the network, enabling automatic and application-neutral caching in memory wherever it’s located in the network. The result? Improved mobility, security, privacy, resiliency, multicast support, etc.


Fog Computing Edge Computing

Contextual Networking

SDN/NFV Orchestration

Information Centric Networking

4747

Wireless SubsystemThe Path to 5G


48

Wireless Subsystem: and in the beginning there was 9.6kbps!

Really quite amazing when you stop and think about it…

2G Narrowband Era 3G Broadband Era (for the few) 4G …and for the massesIMT-2000 IMT-A

100,000X on GSM Phase 1

WCDMAHSPA

HSPA+

LTE*

LTE-A2012+

GSM-EDGE

1990+

9.6kbpsGSM Phase 1

UL=118KbpsDL=236Kbps

384Kbps2Mbps

5.7Mbps14Mbps

11.5Mbps42Mbps

50Mbps150Mbps

500Mbps1Gbps

0.17-0.33(Bit/s/Hz) 0.51 2.88 12.5 16.32 30

200kHz 5MHz 5MHz 5MHz upto20MHz upto100MHz

300ms 250ms ~70ms ~30ms ~10ms ~5ms

Peak Data Rate:


Carrier Bandwidth:

Latency (RTT):

*LTE Category 4



Wireless Subsystem: the spectral efficiency path5G will be about more of this: more MIMO, coding & interference reduction

Historical Approach:Reduce Eb/No

through fundamental generational advances

1G

2G

3G

10

1

0.1

0.010 10 20 30 40

Eb/No [dB](Note: as bit rate rises Eb/No must decrease to maintain/improve SNR)

Spec

tral

Effi

cien

cy [b

it/s/

Hz]

Shannon limitReuse=1

Current/Future Path Forward:

Spatial multiplexing (MIMO), interference

reduction and better coding gains

4G

2G3G

10

1

0.1

0.010 10 20 30 40

Eb/No [dB](Note: Further reductions in Eb/No very hard as theoretical limit approached)

Spec

tral

Effi

cien

cy [b

it/s/

Hz]

Shannon limit

LTE PEAK RATE

5050

Wireless Subsystem: the small cell path

5G will be about more of this: ultra dense, mmW cells, D2D communications

This journey has a few more stops to go!

It has always been about small and smaller cells

Todays systems are all a patchwork of coverage and capacity cells where “capacity” is delivered by aheterogeneous mix of small cells

This space is likely to be a key battleground in the next generation race (remember LTE versus WIMAX, place your bets now for 5G)


Main driver of capacity growth last 50 years1

Microcell

Femto

Cellular

Broadcast

Picocell WiFi

Nano

25xMore Spectrum20x

Radio Design

2000xNumber of cells

Higher Frequencies

Proximity Services

Network Densification

5151


In 5G this new spectrum will be allocated in <6GHz and >28GHz bands

5G will “build in” new capabilities to better support more efficient usage models

Energy efficiency will be a more significant driver in 5G than in any previous generation


More Flexible Spectrum

Energy Efficiency

New Spectrum Allocations

5252


5G will add new dimensions including new categories of small cells, coop comms.

5G will blur definitions of access & backhaul delivering long promised wireless mesh



Self OrganizationBackhaul Flexibility


Heterogeneous Networking

5353

Radio and SpectrumThe Path to 5G


5454

5G a tale of two spectrums: Small,

smaller and tiny cells

A tale of two integrated wireless subsystems

• EVO: Below 6GHz with more aggregation of legacy bands, better coordination, and greater MIMO, etc.

• REVO: mmW with large chunks of contiguous bandwidth, dynamic meshing, massive MIMO, etc.


WRC’15

• Up to 100 MHz BW• FDD/TDD• Macro cells• Long symbol duration

• Up to 200 MHz BW• FDD/TDD• Marco/small cells• Long symbol duration



Below 6 GHz Above 6 GHz

WRC’19

70 - 80GHz

60 - 70GHz

20 - 50GHz

2300 – 6000MHz

700 - 2300MHz

1200 MHz spectrum(licensed & Unlicensed; Harmonized)

Up to 5 GHz spectrum(mostly licensed; Not harmonized)

Up to 24 GHz spectrum (mostly unlicensed; Harmonized)


Millimeter Wave R&D Vision

• The Technology Solution for 5G Small Cell Access and Backhaul

• Capacity growth beyond what emerging Small Cell and Spectrum Sharing solutions can provide

• 100x – 1000x growth!

Next GeNB

mmWbackhaul

mmWaccess

TraditionalCellular

Link

Full mmHArchitecture

5G AccessWireless Mesh Backhaul

B E

A D

CG

2016 2020 2023

mmW Phase Array Radio and Antenna

MAC & PHY Algorithms

Earliest Commercialization Timeline

Innovation and Core Technology


New and flexible spectrum usage• New large spectrum

at mmW frequencies

• Carrier Aggregation of discontinuous bands

• Dual band split user and control plane

• Joint multi-RATs management

• Cognitive techniques (Spectrum Sensing)

Novel duplexing schemes• Joint TDD-FDD

operation

• Dynamic TDD

• Single channel full duplexing

Advanced antenna and multi-site technologies• 3D-beamforming and

MU-MIMO

• Active Antenna System (AAS)

• Massive MIMO

• Network MIMO (Adv. CoMP)

Advanced waveforms and multiple access• More flexible

waveforms than pure OFDM (e.g. RBF-OFDM; FBMC; etc.)

• Non-orthogonal multiple access

• Broader set of modulation and coding schemes

• Advanced interference coordination and cancellation techniques

• Flexible functional split (virtualization / cloudification)

• Flexible backhauling and joint optimization with access

5G Air Interface: shaping the new four letter acronym

5757


Alternatives to pure OFDM such as RBF-OFDM, FBMC, GFDM, and UFMC,are motivated for better spectrum containment and asynchronous(non-orthogonal) sharing scenarios in 5G.

The use of a very large number of antennas is proposed as a means to achieve very high throughput and spectral efficiency per area. Both co-located and distributed architectures are envisaged, with co-located massive MIMO particularly appealing to high frequency bands (thanks to the narrow beams and small form factor).

Millimeter Wave spectrum (20-80GHz) offers large chunks (up to 2GHz) ofcontiguous bandwidth, which makes it suitable for ultra-high throughputand low latency scenarios.


Advanced MIMO

Advanced waveforms

Millimeter Wave

5858


Thanks to recent advances in self-interference cancellation, single channel full duplex(also known as simultaneous transmission and reception - STR) is being considered. Itprovides up to 2x link spectral efficiency gain, reduced air interface latency, andsignificantly improved MAC.

Carrier Aggregation of discontinuous bands could allow wider bandwidth to be used and hence significantly increase the system capacity. This technology is already adopted in LTE-A, though extensions are further expected in 5G, including cognitive capabilities (e.g. spectrum sensing, database access, etc.)

Flexible and high capacity backhaul integrating multiple technologies (e.g. optical,wireless including mmW) is necessary to cope with the technology trends for 5G radiointerface. Multi-technology resources pooling, dynamic topology (re)formation (e.g.dynamic meshing), and efficient context-aware resource scheduling are key features.


Carrier Aggregation of discontinuous bands

Single channel full duplexing

Flexible and high capacity backhaul

5959

InterDigital 5G VisionMobile World Congress 2015


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ICN=Information Centric Networking, SDN=Software Defined Networking, NFV=Network Function Virtualization, D2D=Device to Device Comms

InterDigital 5G Vision: The Living Network Vision is realized

IMMERSIVE VIDEO TACTILE INTERNET M2M IOT MISSION CRITICAL

VIRTUALIZATION LAYER

NETWORK OS (ORCHESTRATION LAYER)

ANALYTICS POLICY CONTENT MANAGEMENT MULTI TENANCY NEW ROUTINGEnabled by the 5G programmable Infrastructure

Driven by a diverse array of 5G Services

Powered by a 5G virtual resource pool MacroCell Resource Pool:

SmallCell Resource Pool:

Cloud RAN Processing

Remote Radios

Mobile Relays

Satellite Optical

Region Cache Units

Ultra DenseCells

WiFi Evolution

mmW Hotspots

D2D Comms

Deep Edge Compute

ICN

SDN NFV

THE LIVING NETWORK

Smart TRANSPORT Smart ENERGY Smart HEALTH Smart HOMES Smart CITIES

Sensors + Things: Providing essential driving context (the big data!)

THE LIVING NETWORK

Core Wireless Tech. New Waveforms Massive MIMO Flexible Spectrum Multi-RAT Aggregate Mesh Networking Novel Duplexing


Path to 5G Overview - MWC 2015 - InterDigital

Technology

Transcript of Path to 5G Overview - MWC 2015 - InterDigital