pasture weeds

86
Common Pasture Weeds One annual grass Six Biennial broadleaf weeds Six perennial broadleaf weeds

Transcript of pasture weeds

Page 1: pasture weeds

Common Pasture Weeds

One annual grass

Six Biennial broadleaf weeds

Six perennial broadleaf weeds

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Yellow Foxtail

We’ve seen this before

An increasing problem in pastures

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Yellow Foxtail

Long hairs at base of blade and yellowish seedhead

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Wild Parsnip

Wild parsnip infestation

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Wild Parsnip

Wild parsnip plant

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Wild Parsnip

Rosette leaves large, erect

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Wild Parsnip

Leaves deeply lobed: pinnately compound

Leaflets often mitten-shaped

Petioles clasp stems

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Wild Parsnip

Flowers yellow and in clusters called umbels

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Here’s why it’s an umbel

Wild parsnip

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Wild parsnip

Seeds in pairs

Many per plant

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Burdock

Some 2-year old plants

and some 1-year old plants

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Burdock

All biennials start from seeds

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Burdock

Burdock young plant

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Burdock

Burdock rosette

Leaves large with heart-shaped base

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Burdock

Leaves dark green on top; light green & woolly below

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Burdock

Stems to over 6 feet tall and wide

Branched, grooved and hollow

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Burdock

Flower heads of pinkish to red-violet disc flowers

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Burdock

Each fruit covered with hooked spines (bracts) that form the bur

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Burdock is a common pasture weed

Maybe it should be called…..

Bat DockBird Dock

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Burdock

At teddy bur!!

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Musk thistle

Musk thistle plant

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Musk thistle

Musk thistle rosette

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Musk thistle

Leaves smooth, with grey-green margin

White, prominent midrib

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Musk thistle

No hairs on bottom side of leaf

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Musk thistle

Stem spiny except right below flower head

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Musk thistle

Inflorescence 1.5 to 2” across

Often tip downward: nodding thistle

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Musk thistle

White biotype found in one location

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Plumeless thistle

Plumeless thistle plant

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Plumeless thistle taking over a

fence line

Plumeless thistle

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Plumeless thistle rosette

Plumeless thistle

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Plumeless thistle

Leaves deeply divided

Hairy especially the lower surface midrib

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Plumeless thistle

From rosette to bolting

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Plumeless thistle

Stems spiny from base to tip

Inflorescence .75 to 1.5” across; pinkish

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Plumeless thistle

Plumeless on left

Musk on right

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Plumeless thistle

A rare biotype: white flowers

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Bull thistle

Bull thistle seedling

Leaves look old early on

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Bull thistle

Leaves deeply cut, with a wrinkled, gray-green surface

Spines particularly needle-like

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Bull thistle

Stem appears spiny:

decurrent leaves (run down along stem)

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Bull thistle

Inflorescence 1-2” across, flask-shaped

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Bull and Musk thistle

Bull on left

Musk on right

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Bull thistle

Mature bull thistle releasing fluff

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Spotted Knapweed

Another biennial

(or short lived perennial

Loves sandy soil

Prolific seed

producer

Inhibits growth of

other plants

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Leaves up to 6” long and deeply lobed

gray-green;

Surface rough/hairy

Spotted Knapweed

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Stems rough-surfaced and branched

Spotted Knapweed

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Flower heads with pink to purple disc flowers

up to 200/plant

Spotted Knapweed

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Bracts at base of flower heads with fringed black spots

Give plant it’s name

Spotted Knapweed

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Flowers very pretty

Spotted Knapweed

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Curly dock

Not just a pasture weed!

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Taproot fleshy and yellowish

Curly dock

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Ochrea at leaf axils

Curly dock

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Ochrea long and prominent

Curly dock

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Basal leaves 6 to 12” long with wavy edges

Stems smooth, erect reddish

Curly dock

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Seed head easily recognizable

Attractive seed heads

Curly dock

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Giant chickweed

Leaves hairy,

pointed; relatively large for a chickweed

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Perennial with fiborous roots

Also roots at nodes

Giant chickweed

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Stems 6 to 24” long; hairy and angled

Giant chickweed

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Flowers ½” wide; 5 deeply notched white petals

Giant chickweed

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Fruits globular and nodding with sticky hairs on the flower stalks

Giant chickweed

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Leafy spurge

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Leafy spurge

Roots deep and spreading

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Leafy spurge

Roots deep and spreading

Buds in crown region

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Leafy spurge

Milky sap in all plant parts

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Leafy spurge

Small flowers borne above greenish-yellow bracts

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Leafy spurge

Fruits with 3 seeds; explode when ripe

Shoots seeds from parent plant

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Common milkweed

Milkweed infestation

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Common milkweed

Milky sap in all plant parts

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Common milkweed

Leaves thick, oblong opposite, rounded tips

Prominent viens

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Common milkweed

Roots deep and branched

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Common milkweed

Milkweed and dogbane

Hemp dogbane Common Milkweed

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Common milkweed

Flowers pink to white

In large ball-like clusters

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Common milkweed

Pods 3-4 inches long; soft-spined

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Seeds with silky pappus

Float great distances

Common milkweed

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Horsenettle

Spreads by creeping roots & seeds

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Horsenettle

Leaves alternate

Spiney, especially on midrib below

Oblong, with wavy edges;

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Horsenettle

Stem with stout sharp spines

simple or branched

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Horsenettle

Flowers potato-like

Petals white-bluish; 5-lobed in clusters

Prominent anthers

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Horsenettle

Fruits green, smooth, juicy berries

berries in clusters

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Horsenettle

Berries become

yellow

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Horsenettle

Berries become yellow and wrinkled

Hang on plants most of winter

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Canada thistle

Canada thistle infestation

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Canada thistle

And here’s what we don’t normally see

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Canada thistle

Creeping roots are deep and branched; grown in patches

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Canada thistle

Flower heads up to ¾” wide; flask-shaped; flowers pink-purple

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Canada thistle

Canada thistle fluff

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Canada thistle

Canada thistle seed

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~End of Pasture Weeds~