Legal and Policy Framework for Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) in Thailand
Pastoralism, payments for ecosystem services (PES) and ecosystem-based adaptation
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Transcript of Pastoralism, payments for ecosystem services (PES) and ecosystem-based adaptation
Pastoralism, payments for ecosystem services (PES) and ecosystem-based
adaptation
Philip OsanoBEST Project Policy Maker, Practitioner, Community User and Researcher
Workshop, Nairobi, 13 August 2013
Presentation Outline
1.Background – Analytical Framework
2.Study Sites in southern Kenya Drylands
3.Drought Assessment
4.PES Effect in relation to 2008-09 Drought: Coping Strategies
5. Synergies and Trade-offs
Conservancy effects and Coping and Risk mitigation
1. A
naly
itcal
Fra
mew
ork
2. S
tudy
Site
s
2. S
tudy
Site
s
Site Kitengela Mara Ol Kiramatian
Conservancy/ PES program
The Wildlife Conservation Lease (WLP)
Olare Orok and Naboisho Conservancies
Ol Kiramatian Conservancy
Conservancy area (ha, 2010)
16,700 30,666a 21,612
Protected area Maasai Mara National Reserve
n/a
Rainfall (mm.yr-1) 370-800(bimodal)
877 - 1341(bimodal)
350-600 (bimodal)
Land Tenure Private Private Communal
PES Landuse regulations
Restrictions on land sale, subdivision, fencing and cropping
Restriction on land sales, settlements, livestock grazing
Land use zonation (irrigated crops, wildlife and grazing)
Conservancy funding model
Public funding (Direct payments)
Market (Direct payment)
Market (Indirect payment)
Characterisation of Study Sites
3. D
roug
ht A
sses
smen
tFindings in 3 study sites
• Differences in the occurrence, frequency and intensity of droughts in the two study sites
• Extreme and severe droughts are increasing but are localised in the two study sites
• The 2008-2009 drought was Severe in both study sites
3. D
roug
ht A
sses
smen
tKitengela
3. D
roug
ht A
sses
smen
tMaasai Mara
3. D
roug
ht A
sses
smen
tOl Kiramatian
4. P
ES
Effe
cts
in r
elat
ion
to 2
008-
09
Dro
ught
Olare Orok and Kitengela PES Schemes
4. P
ES
Effe
cts
in r
elat
ion
to 2
008-
09
Dro
ught
Olare Orok and Kitengela PES Schemes
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
8.34787276875585
0.9596027378875322.4023620990471
79.8886055563012
2.442625150986440.9394712119178632.872097705006042.14736277009799
36.71
0.48
11.05
18.74 17.4414.86
0.710000000000001 0
WLP 2009
OOC 2009
Expe
nditu
re o
n PE
S In
com
e (%
)37%
30%
33% Basic Needs
Human Capital
Livestock and Products
OOC
BASIC NEEDS
HUMAN CAPITAL
LIVESTOCK AND
PRODUCTS
5. S
yner
gies
and
Tra
de-O
ffsInteractions in PES rules and Coping
StrategiesConservancy effect Income Land Management Ecosystem Services
Wildlife BiomassSite/Coping strategyMara
Mobility +/- +/- ++Diversification +/- +/- ++ ++
Water infrastructure ++Land markets +/- +/-
KitengelaMobility ++ +/- ++
Diversification +/- +/- ++ ++Water infrastructurea ++
Land markets +/- +/-Ol Kiramatian
Mobility ++ +/- ++Diversification ++ ++ ++ ++
Water infrastructure ++Land markets ++ +/-
Notes: ++: synergies; +/-: synergy and trade-offs; --: trade-offs
5. S
yner
gies
and
Tra
de-O
ffsSynergy: Fencing and mobility
Thank YOU ALL