Presenters:

Doug Hanna M.Arch., MRAIC, MAA, SAA, LEED® AP, Partner, Number TEN

Randy Storoschuk CET, GSC, CRM, LEED AP, Risk Manager, PCL Construction

Passing fad, or wave of the future?

1. BACKGROUND – SOT, IDP, IPD – What does it all mean?

2. IDP BENEFITS – What’s in it for me/you/them

3. IDP MINDSET – Getting your head into it

4. IDP & DESIGN ASSIST – Can Subcontractors play too?

5. TOP 10 LIST – Elements for successful IDP

Topics

“We cannot solve our problems with the same kind of thinking we used when we created them."

~ Albert Einstein

1. Background - IDP

• INTELLECTUAL Revolutions: Galileo and Copernicus changed the way we see the world

in relation to the cosmos.

• POLITICAL Revolutions: French and American Revolutions changed the way we govern

ourselves.

• INDUSTRIAL Revolutions: Steam engine, cotton gin, and assembly line changed the

manner of manufacturing.

• INFORMATION Revolutions: Computer and world wide web changed how we access

information and communicate.• GREEN Revolution: The realization that the planet’s resources are finite and the impact

of global warming is real create an imperative to design for Sustainability.

Intellectual Revolutions Political Revolutions Industrial Revolutions Information Revolutions Green Revolutions

Background - What has Changed

• 1960’s Cheap Energy: Communities designed for automobile . No regard for

energy performance.

• 1970’s Energy Crisis: Improve thermal performance but not energy performance

• 1980’s Sick Buildings: Tight buildings found to have poor air, toxins, high rates of absenteeism

• 1990’s Re-Thinking: New Building approaches starting to emerge

• 2000’s – Integration: Bringing together the individual silos of knowledge

1960’s 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s 21st century

Background - What has Changed

• Energy, Water, Climate, Health, Food Production, Pollution

• Maximize sustainability

• Educate about green buildings

• Shift mindsets and broaden horizons

• Build Consensus to improve implementation

• Triple bottom line success measurements – economic, ecological, social

Background – Motivation/Sustainability

The “Same Old Thing” - Traditional Design Process

•Linear Process;

•Schematic Design – Architect Determines massing and functional

planning based on functionality, cost and aesthetics;

•Design Development – Building systems for S/M/E are added and are

essentially invisible to user. Architect coordinates to minimize conflicts;

•Problem – All disciplines work independently of each other.

Background - SOT

•The conventional design team is linear in nature with individual

disciplines reporting to the architect who in turn reports to the client.

Original image: Busby Perkins + Will

Background - SOT

The Integrated Design Process relies upon a multi-disciplinary, collaborative team dedicated to

achieving a shared vision and performance outcome for a building.

Compared to the conventional design process, the Integrated Design Process suits professionals who

believe in the value of:

• inter-dependent decision making throughout the design, construction and the operation of a building;

• systematic thinking and effective communication;

• time invested into well defined scope, vision and goals and objectives;

• innovation, continuous learning and attention to detail.

These professionals must also believe in the value of high performance buildings to achieve economic,

environmental and social objectives.

Background – IDP Definition

• The IDP Team is interlinked;

• The IDP Team includes the client, project manager, architect, IDP facilitator, structural,

mechanical, electrical and civil engineers, facilities manager, cost consultant, landscape

architect, general contractor or construction manager. Experts/specialists to be included

as required.

Background – IDP Team

Original image: Busby Perkins + Will

Background – IDP Process

• The rules are changing

• Sustainable buildings must be viewed holistically rather than as a combination of

separate systems

• Building is designed as a single organism

• A/S/M/E are interlinked

• Design process involves all stakeholders including designers, building owners,

occupants, and operators, in a charette

A Charette (workshop) with all project team participants will

establish the vision for the project. It will enable:

• The exploration of issues, concerns, dreams, values, priorities

• Exploration of the site, user needs and relationships,

sustainability issues, budget and management issues, design

and construction opportunities

Background – IDP Workshop (Charette)

IDP1 Informing & Visioning

• Drivers

IDP2 Visioning

• Shaping

IDP3 Emerging Schematic Design Options

• Feedback Loop

IDP4 Schematic Design Synthesis

• LEED Audit

IDP5 Developing Design Refinement

• LEED Refinement

IDP6-8 CD Refinement and Feedback

• LEED Documentation

Background – IDP Workshop Types

The Team remains very cohesive at this time and will include new

members from the Design Development stage plus the Specification

Writer, Contractor and the Commissioning Authority.

•Review of building performance criteria

•Cost certainty

•Construction Manager introduces key sub-trades to the Team

•Commissioning plan

Background – IPD - Integrated Project Delivery

"None of us is as smart as all of us."~ Ken Blanchard

2. IDP Benefits

• Construction Management Projects

• MTS Centre

• Manitoba Hydro Downtown Office

• Canadian Human Rights Museum

• Niagara District Health (+1,000,000 sf)

• New Data Centre

2. IDP Benefits

IDP Participation

• IDP Team is stronger than a Conventional Project Team.

2. IDP Benefits

2. IDP Benefits

Areas or topics discussed:

• Unique adventure

• Creating Something New

• Respect

• Brainstorming

• Team Building

• Benefits

2. IDP Benefits

An IDP should be treated as a unique adventure

• Each IDP has it’s own character (drivers)

• Challenging

• Team successes

• Defeats

• Fun

2. IDP Benefits

Goal to create something NEW

• Avoid, just improving previous design(s)

• Create something new and innovative

• Use existing technologies in different ways

• Import technologies

2. IDP Benefits

2. IDP Benefits

Respect

• Budget

• First and most common project evaluation

• If project over budget:

• Reduced quality and/or scope

• Delayed project start

• Potential cancellation

2. IDP Benefits

Budget (Continued…)

• If Life-Cycle Costing included:

• More holistic approach, considers:

• Design

• Construction

• Operation

• Maintenance

• Savings in operations used for capital

construction

• Increases potential to incorporate

sustainable features

2. IDP Benefits

Respect

• Team Members

• Free expression of ideas and opinions

• Focus on issues not individual

• Respect participant’s time:

• Devote your attention to the meeting

• Turn off or silence phones or blackberries

• Do not view or text during meeting

2. IDP Benefits

Brainstorming

• Creating something new requires new ideas

• Most common method of generating new ideas

• Ideas brought forward without evaluation

(comes later)

• Ideas evaluated, not individuals

2. IDP Benefits

Team Building:

• Un-obstructive exchange of ideas

• Trust

• Members working for project benefit

• No second guessing motives

• Interaction is natural, not planned

2. IDP Benefits

Partnering

• Close and respectful Team interaction

• Most successful when natural

• Partnering sessions

• First step in Team cohesiveness

• Many companies and individuals

• Team members new to each other

• Team members learn to work together

2. IDP Benefits

Benefits

• Common Team goals

• Indoor occupant environment

• Energy consumption

• Aesthetics

• Life-cycle costing

• Cost

• Carbon Footprint

• Maximize Profit

2. IDP Benefits

Benefits (Continued…)

• Collective wisdom of team members

• Shared responsibilities

• Process can continue through occupancy

• Team building

2. IDP Benefits

Benefits (Continued…)

• Higher performing buildings

2. IDP Benefits

Cost effective solutions to challenges

• Greatest impact earlier in design process

• Avoid problems rather than correction

• Creative solutions

• MTS footings

• MB Hydro floor system

2. IDP Benefits

INITIAL FINAL

2. IDP Benefits

"Around here, however, we don't look backwards for very long. We keep moving forward, opening up new doors and doing new things, because we're curious...and curiosity keeps leading us down new paths."

~ Walt Disney

3. IDP Mindset – Getting your head into it

The IDP Mindset – Collaboration

Collaboration

•Careful team formation

•Right mix of skills, knowledge and personalities

•Bring RELEVANT information to the table

•Cooperate – can agree to disagree

•Holistic diagram illustrates collaborative product

The IDP Mindset – Open Mindedness & Creativity

Open Mindedness and Creativity

•Willing to understand multiple perspectives

•Expand horizons

•Encourages innovation and synthesis

•Brainstorming, creating, imagining

Modeling Assumptions

Gas boiler combustion efficiency of 86% inGas Models

• Gas rate at $0.36

• Baseline HRV - 50%

• 25% LPD reduction (T5) for EE Lighting

• Multiple Step Daylight Controls

• High Effeciency (96%) Natural Gas Water Heat

Energy Modeling –

Energy source &

Building envelope

performance analysis

The IDP Mindset – Rigour & Attention to Detail

Rigour and Attention to Detail

•Provide at the right stage of the project

•Brings structure to decision making

•Measurable performance targets

•Tools: Energy modeling, daylight studies, life cycle costing

•Empirical data to test design validity

The IDP Mindset – Put Ego Aside

Put Ego Aside

•Architect is authoring a process rather than a project

•Architect is conductor rather than soloist

•Lines are blurred between disciplines in a holistic solution

•Be inquisitive – ask the hard questions

The IDP Mindset – Trust & Transparency

Trust and Transparency•Open lines of communication

•Common sense of ownership

•Basis for decision making

•Tools: Facilitation, Project Charter

The IDP Mindset – Continuous Learning

Continuous Learning

•Educate participants about project issues

•Feedback loops

•Precedents to inform

•Learn from successes and failures

•Creates future champions

The IDP Mindset – Careful Listening & Respect

Careful Listening and Respect •Effective communication

•See issues from multiple perspectives

•Add to knowledge base

•Non-defensive reactions to feedback

The IDP Mindset - Patience

Patience•Time distribution different than traditional

•Time spent up front = time saved later

•Big picture decisions are made at early stages

•Greatest opportunity for change is at early stages

"Whatever we accomplish is due to the combined effort."

~ Walt Disney

4. Subcontractors and IDP

Areas or Topics discussed:

• Major Subcontractors

• Contract Methods for Subcontractors IDP

• Value Engineering

• Subcontractor Role in Value Engineering

• Benefits

4. Subcontractors and IDP

Major Subcontractors are important to IDP

• Major Subcontractors, +/- 10% of direct costs

• Unusually or new building systems

• Most likely candidates:

• Mechanical

• Building Controls

• Electrical

• Structure

• Building envelope components

4. Subcontractors and IDP

4. Subcontractors and IDP

4. Subcontractors and IDP

Contract Methods for Subcontractor IDP

• Design-Assist Contract

• Based on early documents and

supplemental info.

• Subcontractor fill-in missing info.

• Subcontractor provides GMP

• Works with Design Team to complete design

• Final scope to fit in GMP

• Changes to Scope agreed by Subcontractor

4. Subcontractors and IDP

Contract Methods for Subcontractor IDP (Continued…)

• Pre-Construction Services Contract

• Subcontractor attends design meeting

• Contract ends at award of contracts

• Example would be Owner’s Advocate

Architect

• Provides pre-construction input on:

•Cost

•Constructability

•Coordination

•Value Engineering

4. Subcontractors and IDP

Contract Methods for Subcontractor IDP (Continued…)

• Design-Build Contract

• Subcontractor works with their designer

• Minimal interaction with Design Team

• Not best arrangement for IDP

• Subcontractor looking after their own

interests

• Monetary

• Simplest construction for them

• Does not usually consider operation and

maintenance

4. Subcontractors and IDP

Value Engineering (VE)

• Value engineering is NOT cost savings

• Cost savings sacrifice:

• Quality

• Quantity

• Equipment or system’s performance

• Cost saving examples

• Painted drywall in lieu of wall fabric

• Lower r-value curtain wall system

• Lower performing mechanical systems

• Cost savings are about saving money

4. Subcontractors and IDP

Value Engineering (Continued…)

• Option/alternative evaluation includes

• Capital cost

• Energy consumption

• Operation

• Maintenance

• Occupant comfort

• In essence, life-cycle costing

4. Subcontractors and IDP

Value Engineering (Continued…)

• VE Options/alternatives do not sacrifice project:

• Specifications

• Performance requirements

• Can result in increased capital costs if life-cycle costing indicates:

• Lower energy consumption

• Extended life before replacement

• Increased system performance results in downsizing of equipment

• Reduced maintenance

4. Subcontractors and IDP

Subcontractor role in VE

• Involvement critical to detailed evaluations:

• Current costing

• Access to supplier’s discounts

• Implications on other building systems

• Suggest equipment new to industry

• Input on maintenance requirements

4. Subcontractors and IDP

Subcontractor IDP Benefits

• Budget Maintenance

• Shorten Design Period

• Involved in the VE Procedure

• Practical Knowledge

4. Subcontractors and IDP

“The greater danger for most of us lies not in setting our aim too high and falling short; but in setting our aim too low, and achieving our mark.”

~ Michaelangelo

5. Top Ten IDP Tips

Letterman’s Top 10 Elements for a Successful IDP:

10 Process Driven

9 Goal Driven

8 Collaborative

7 Facilitated

6 Iterative

5 Trans-disciplinary / Non-Traditional Expertise

4 Multi-Stakeholder

3 Client Buy-in

2 Holistic Budget Thinking

1 Share Information

Top 10 List

Top 10 List

10 Process Driven

• Equally about process and outcomes

• Careful team formation

• Team collaborates to set performance goals

• Flexible

• Structured

Top 10 List

9 Goal Driven

• Set clear “stretch goals”

• SMART – Specific, Measurable, Achievable,

Realistic, Time-Bounded

• Performance Goals

• Goals are the COMPASS

• People support what they create

Top 10 List

8 Collaborative

• Multi-disciplinary team

• Characterized by sense of Inclusion

• Safe environment to share ideas

• Culture of open mindedness and creativity

• Architect not simply form giver

Top 10 List

7 Facilitated

• Facilitator’s primary role is the PROCESS of design

• Encourage full participation

• Promote understanding

• MINE the participant’s knowledge

• TUNE IN to the group dynamics

6 Iterative

• Design develops incrementally

• Feedback loops

• Repeatedly review and refine

• May be single rather than multiple options

• On-going Learning

Top 10 List

5 Trans-Disciplinary / Non-Traditional Experts

• Between disciplines

• Across disciplines

• Beyond disciplines

• Key experts at strategic times

Top 10 List

Top 10 List

4 Multi-Stakeholder

• Can affect or is affected by outcome

• Different for each project

• May include supporters and non-supporters

Top 10 List

3 Client Buy-In

• Must be committed to active role

• Must be aware of benefits and risks

• Different project time distribution – more time up front

• Support the idea of multiple stakeholders, multiple consultants

• Appropriate fee structure / contract

Top 10 List

2 Holistic Budget Thinking:

• Rules of thumb may not be applicable

• Whole building optimization

• Whole building budget rather than isolated

component budgets

• Allow financial tradeoffs

• Life cycle costing

1 Share Information

• Share case studies

• Report on project successes (and challenges)

• Encourage change and transformation

• Encourage environmentally and socially responsible projects

Top 10 List

Doug Hanna M.Arch., MRAIC, MAA, SAA, LEED® AP, Partner, Number TEN

Randy Storoschuk CET, GSC, CRM, LEED AP, Risk Manager, PCL Construction

Thank you

The wave is here