Parts/lobes of the brain
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Transcript of Parts/lobes of the brain
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Parts/lobes of the brainParts/lobes of the brainBullet 1
MT: Nervous system
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4 Lobes of the Brain4 Lobes of the Brain
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
Insula (hidden & controversial)
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Frontal LobeFrontal LobeFxns: reasoning, planning, problem solving, logics, thinking
Biggest area of brain
Stops developing ~25 years old
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Parietal LobeParietal Lobe
Fxns: recognizing stimuli, orientation, and recognition
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Temporal LobeTemporal Lobe
Fxns: memory, speech, and auditory stimuli
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Occipital LobeOccipital Lobe
Fxns: visual processing
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Important Lines of BrainImportant Lines of Brain
Central Sulcus: separates frontal and parietal lobes
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Important Lines of BrainImportant Lines of Brain
Lateral fissure: separates temporal and frontal lobes
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Important Lines of BrainImportant Lines of Brain
• Longitudinal fissure: separates brain medially
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INSIDE OF BrainINSIDE OF Brain
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Parts of the BrainParts of the Brain Brainstem (old reptilian brain) =
midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
Limbic System (old mammalian brain) = thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus
Corpus Callosum
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Brainstem: Midbrain, Brainstem: Midbrain, Pons, Medulla Pons, Medulla
OblongataOblongata
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Brainstem:Brainstem: Midbrain:
• -superior end of brainstem
• -Fxn: eye mvmts, reflexes in pupil
Pons:
• -inbetween midbrain and medulla
• -Fxn: regulates respiration (breathing)
Medulla Oblongata:
• -inferior end of brainstem; leads into spinal cord
• -Fxn: heart rate, vomiting, coughing, sneezing, hiccupping, swallowing
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Parts of the BrainParts of the Brain
Brainstem (old reptilian brain) = midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
Limbic System (old mammalian brain) = thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus
Corpus Callosum
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Limbic SystemLimbic System Thalamus:
• -Fxn: relay center; most sensory neurons go here and then they are sent to correct place
Hypothalamus:
• -Fxn: controls sleep/wake cycles, homeostasis, thirst, appetite
Hippocampus:
• -Fxn: memory and learning
Amygdala:
• -Fxn: memory of emotional situations especially fear
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Limbic SystemLimbic System
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Parts of the BrainParts of the Brain
Brainstem (old reptilian brain) = midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
Limbic System (old mammalian brain) = thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus
Corpus Callosum
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Corpus CallosumCorpus Callosum
Corpus Callosum:
• -Fxn: neurons cross to other side of brain
Ex: left eye sends signal through left hemisphere, through the corpus callosum, to the right hemisphere, to the occipital lobe
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Corpus CallosumCorpus Callosum
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Cranial Nerves 1-6
Cranial Nerve # Function
CN I: Olfactory Sense of smell
CN II: Optic Vision
CN III: Oculomotor Eye mvtmts, pupil regulation
CN IV: Trochlear Eye movements
CN V: Trigeminal Sense head and face, chewing
CN VI: Abducent Abduction of eye
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Cranial Nerves 7-12Cranial Nerve # Function
CN VII: FacialFacial expressions, saliva,
tears, taste
CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear Sense of balance, hearing
CN IX: GlossopharyngealSense of tongue, swallowing, saliva, blood pressure control
CN X: VagusMovements of organs, slows heart, increases digestion,
voice production
CN XI: AccessoryMovements of shoulders,
head, and viscera (organs)
CN XII: Hypoglossal Tongue movements
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Facial (VII)