Participatory poverty and vulnerability assessment. April 2009 - Cairo Participatory Poverty and...

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Participatory poverty and vulnerability assessment . April 2009 - Cairo Participatory Poverty and Vulnerability Assessment for appropriate targeting and impact evaluation: The case of the Lower Usuthu Smallholder Irrigation Project in Swaziland

Transcript of Participatory poverty and vulnerability assessment. April 2009 - Cairo Participatory Poverty and...

Page 1: Participatory poverty and vulnerability assessment. April 2009 - Cairo Participatory Poverty and Vulnerability Assessment for appropriate targeting and.

Participatory poverty and vulnerability assessment . April 2009 - Cairo

Participatory Poverty and Vulnerability Assessment for appropriate targeting

and impact evaluation: The case of the Lower Usuthu Smallholder

Irrigation Project in Swaziland

Page 2: Participatory poverty and vulnerability assessment. April 2009 - Cairo Participatory Poverty and Vulnerability Assessment for appropriate targeting and.

In this presentationIn this presentation

Brief background to the LUSIPBrief background to the LUSIP What is the problem?What is the problem? Objectives of the study (PPVA)Objectives of the study (PPVA) Significance of the study (to achieving Significance of the study (to achieving

impact)impact) Research methodologyResearch methodology FindingsFindings What next?What next?

Participation of the poor and vulnerable groups - LUSIP. April 2009 - Cairo

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IntroductionIntroduction

LUSIP is an 8yr, US$190 million project.LUSIP is an 8yr, US$190 million project. Co –financed by IFAD, EC, EIB, BADEA, ADB, Co –financed by IFAD, EC, EIB, BADEA, ADB,

DBSA, IDCF and GoSDBSA, IDCF and GoS Project goal – Poverty reduction and sustained Project goal – Poverty reduction and sustained

improvement in living standardsimprovement in living standards Main Project components – (i) construction of a Main Project components – (i) construction of a

155million cubic metre reservoir and on farm 155million cubic metre reservoir and on farm works to irrigate 11 500 ha works to irrigate 11 500 ha

(ii) establishment of farmer managed (ii) establishment of farmer managed institutions to develop 11500ha of intensive institutions to develop 11500ha of intensive commercial agriculture commercial agriculture

Participation of the poor and vulnerable groups - LUSIP. April 2009 - Cairo

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Participation of the poor and vulnerable groups - LUSIP. April 2009 - Cairo

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What is the problem?What is the problem?

The LUSIP is primarily a poverty The LUSIP is primarily a poverty reduction initiativereduction initiative

In-depth understanding of the poverty In-depth understanding of the poverty situation and its far ranging dimensions in situation and its far ranging dimensions in the project area is indispensible.the project area is indispensible.

Available information on current levels of Available information on current levels of poverty is solely based on socio economic poverty is solely based on socio economic surveys (household, income /expenditure) surveys (household, income /expenditure) that yield quantitative data collected on that yield quantitative data collected on large generalized samples of homesteadslarge generalized samples of homesteads

Participation of the poor and vulnerable groups - LUSIP. April 2009 - Cairo

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The problem ……The problem ……

While this data is representative of While this data is representative of conventional measures of poverty, it fails conventional measures of poverty, it fails to capture the multi-dimensionality of to capture the multi-dimensionality of poverty, crucial for strategic targeting, poverty, crucial for strategic targeting, prioritizing and planning of interventionsprioritizing and planning of interventions

It also lacks the vital perspective of the It also lacks the vital perspective of the local poor people on poverty for which local poor people on poverty for which poverty reduction strategies are meant poverty reduction strategies are meant for.for.

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Problem ……..Problem ……..

It fails to capture who the poor and It fails to capture who the poor and vulnerable homesteads are.vulnerable homesteads are.

It is therefore difficult to ensure that the It is therefore difficult to ensure that the poorest in the community are the project poorest in the community are the project beneficiaries beneficiaries

Participation of the poor and vulnerable groups - LUSIP. April 2009 - Cairo

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Objectives of the Participatory Poverty Objectives of the Participatory Poverty and Vulnerability studyand Vulnerability study

To explore the local concepts and perceptions of To explore the local concepts and perceptions of poverty, vulnerability and well being.(poverty, vulnerability and well being.(development development of indicators of poverty vulnerability and well-being)of indicators of poverty vulnerability and well-being)

To identify the poor and vulnerable homesteads To identify the poor and vulnerable homesteads in the project area (in the project area (based on the local criteria for based on the local criteria for poverty)poverty)

To determine whether there are any gender To determine whether there are any gender dimensions to the extent of poverty and dimensions to the extent of poverty and vulnerabilityvulnerability

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Significance of the studySignificance of the study

The study seeks to make valuable contribution The study seeks to make valuable contribution on the following specific developmental issues:on the following specific developmental issues:

Framing and improving strategies for poverty Framing and improving strategies for poverty reduction that will meet the needs of the poor.reduction that will meet the needs of the poor.

The poorest household will be identified in The poorest household will be identified in advance and the project will be at a better advance and the project will be at a better stead to deliver specific preferential stead to deliver specific preferential interventions to them rather that the relatively interventions to them rather that the relatively non-poor households. non-poor households.

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Significance of the study (2)Significance of the study (2)

The study establishes a baseline that can be used The study establishes a baseline that can be used in the participatory monitoring and evaluation of in the participatory monitoring and evaluation of livelihood change for all project participants as a livelihood change for all project participants as a measure accruing as a result of the project . measure accruing as a result of the project .

By drawing attention to the poor and vulnerable, By drawing attention to the poor and vulnerable, the study seeks to promote planning that the study seeks to promote planning that integrates the poor and vulnerable in the integrates the poor and vulnerable in the development efforts with the view to redress development efforts with the view to redress gender imbalances that may emerge as a result gender imbalances that may emerge as a result of the project of the project

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Data gathering approachData gathering approach

Focus group discussions with community Focus group discussions with community representatives were conducted representatives were conducted (representative of the different categories (representative of the different categories and shades of the population – i.e. men, and shades of the population – i.e. men, women, youth, the educated, non-women, youth, the educated, non-educated, etc.)educated, etc.)

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Data gathering toolsData gathering tools

Participation of the poor and vulnerable groups - LUSIP. April 2009 - Cairo

Semi-structured dialogue and well-Semi-structured dialogue and well-being ranking were used being ranking were used interchangably interchangably

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Ethical considerationsEthical considerations

Informed consent and confidentialityInformed consent and confidentiality

Well being/wealth ranking can be Well being/wealth ranking can be sensitive demanding the researcher to be sensitive demanding the researcher to be sensitive in asking about wealth and sensitive in asking about wealth and povertypoverty

Adequate rapport with the community Adequate rapport with the community before undertaking the study. before undertaking the study.

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FindingsFindings

Local perceptions of poverty:Local perceptions of poverty: Without livestockWithout livestock Inability to engage in crop production Inability to engage in crop production Housing in state of disrepair Housing in state of disrepair Use of candles for light with occasional Use of candles for light with occasional

‘dark’nights‘dark’nights Lack of access to potable water and sanitationLack of access to potable water and sanitation Poor health and inability to access medical Poor health and inability to access medical

servicesservices Inability to send children to schoolInability to send children to school

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Local perceptions of vulnerabilityLocal perceptions of vulnerability

Child headed homesteadsChild headed homesteads Homesteads headed by the elderlyHomesteads headed by the elderly Homesteads headed by the chronically illHomesteads headed by the chronically ill Homesteads headed by the disabledHomesteads headed by the disabled Women headed homesteadsWomen headed homesteads Homesteads without access to cultivation Homesteads without access to cultivation

land land

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Local perceptions of well-beingLocal perceptions of well-being

Large land holdings and involved in Large land holdings and involved in agricultureagriculture

Do not lack candles or use electricity Do not lack candles or use electricity Have access to potable waterHave access to potable water Children reach high schoolChildren reach high school One or more homestead member in One or more homestead member in

gainful employmentgainful employment Have more than five herd of cattleHave more than five herd of cattle Even children have shoesEven children have shoes

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Participation of the poor and vulnerable groups - LUSIP. April 2009 - Cairo

  Poor Middle RichVulnerabl

eTotal Poor Total

Othandweni 16 29 10 28 44 83Mkhononwe

ni 14 6 0 5 19 25Mabondwen

i 15 8 2 13 28 38

Mahaleni 9 16 0 10 19 35

Luhlokohla 1 13 0 6 7 20

Total 55 72 12 62 117 201

 Child

HDisabled

HWomen

HLandless

HElderly

HChronic l ill

H

Othandweni 3 0 14 0 8 3Mkhononweni 1 0 4 0 0 0

Mabondweni 3 0 7 0 1 2

Mahaleni 1 1 4 0 4 0

Luhlokohla 0 0 2 0 4 0

Total 8 1 31 0 17 5

Well-being/wealth ranking

Vulnerable groups

Example – Shongwe Chiefdom

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So what?So what?

Evaluation of how current strategies targeting Evaluation of how current strategies targeting the poor are – does the project have specific the poor are – does the project have specific and preferential interventions for the poor and preferential interventions for the poor packaged by taking cognizance of their specific packaged by taking cognizance of their specific needs and circumstances? Is there a need for needs and circumstances? Is there a need for such?such?

Community planning needs to integrate the Community planning needs to integrate the poor and vulnerable in the development effort poor and vulnerable in the development effort to redress gender imbalances that may emerge to redress gender imbalances that may emerge as a result of the project (as a result of the project (can be instrumental in can be instrumental in placing the poor at the centre of planning endeavors)placing the poor at the centre of planning endeavors)

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So What?So What?

Active analysis of whether the project is Active analysis of whether the project is responding to the needs of the poor and responding to the needs of the poor and the extent to which it is reaching them in the extent to which it is reaching them in the project area is necessary.the project area is necessary.

Use of this baseline information for Use of this baseline information for evaluation of livelihood change for all evaluation of livelihood change for all households as a measure accruing as a households as a measure accruing as a result of theresult of the

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Participation of the poor and vulnerable groups - LUSIP. April 2009 - Cairo

Thank you!Thank you!