PART 1 – INTRODUCTION TO RISK ASSESSMENT … · PART 1 – INTRODUCTION TO RISK ASSESSMENT ......
Transcript of PART 1 – INTRODUCTION TO RISK ASSESSMENT … · PART 1 – INTRODUCTION TO RISK ASSESSMENT ......
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PART 1 – INTRODUCTION TO RISK ASSESSMENT
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P1L1 – The Search for Zero Risk Zone?
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RMS Titanic: 1912
• 15 April 1912 • British passenger liner • Collision with iceberg, 600 km south of Newfoundland • More than 1500 died out of 2224 passengers and crew • Discovered in 1985.
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Toxic Release, Bhopal, 1984
§ Release of Toxic Gas • 40 tons Methyl Isocynate escape from Union
Carbide Plant
• Immediate cause : 500L seepage • Erupts and release fumes
§ Aftermath • 3000 died : respiratory failure • Thousands more died in weeks that followed • 500,000 suffer • USD470mil spent
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Tank Farm Explosion, Mexico City, 1984
• LPG distribution plant, 25 years old plant built to 1950 API standards of the U.S.
• Located a few km. north of Mexico City (Pop = 16 Million).
• 15 of 48 Vessels BLEVE In Domino Fashion
• 550 people killed., 2,000 people receive severe burns, 7,231 people classed as injured.
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Nuclear Reactor Accident, Chernobyl, 1986
§ 26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Reactor, Ukrain § Large area of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus evacuated, 336,000
people resettled. § Fewer than 50 direct death but, thousands of cancer related
cases § Severe damage to the environment
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Fire & Explosion in Oil Rig, Scotland, 1988
§ Night of July 6, 1988 § Oil rig disaster in North Sea 1988 § 167 out of 229 people died § Initial explosion followed by a fierce fire which,
in turn, triggered off a further series of explosions
§ Flames could be seen 100 km away § Cause of death 109 out of 137 recovered
bodies inhalation of smoke & fire. Few died of burns.
§ “Jump and try or fry and die.” § USD 3.4 Billion
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Indian Ocean Tsunami, 2004
§ Indian Ocean Tsunami, Sunday 26 Dec 2004
§ Earthquake richter scale 9.1–9.3
§ Killing over 230,000 people in 14 countries, majority in Banda Acheh, followed by Sri Lanka, India and Thailand
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Sugar Refinery Explosion, Georgia, 2008
§ February 7, 2008. Sugar dust explosion in a sugar refining plant § Dust accummulated in enclosed conveyer – primary explosion, followed
by secondary from sugars elsewhere other § 14 deaths and 38 injured, including 14 with serious and life-threatening
burns. 9
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Life is Full of Risks Explosion due to train derailed. 6 July 2013
A parked train 7 km away with 72 carloads of crude oil derailed into town. BLEVE & Fire. 40 buildings flattened, 13 dead, 37 missing, 2000 people forced to leave home.
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Korean Ferry Sank, April 2014
• April 16, 2014, Korea • MV Sewol sank • 477 passengers and
crew, including 325 high school students.
• Around 300 people died in the disaster
• Captain and 3 crew charged with murder
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MH370 – Location unknown & MH17 – Ukraine, 2014
§ March 8, 2014 - MH370 (KL-Beijing) Boeing 777-200ER – Loss somewhere. 12 crews, 227 passengers from 15 nations. Very expensive search continues. Speculated to be in Southern Indian Ocean.
§ July 24, 2010. MH17 (Amsterdam-Kuala Lumpur) Boeing 777-200ER. Shot Down in Ukraine, crashed in Torez, Donesk Oblast, 40 km from Russian border. Killing all 15 crew and 283 passengers.
§ Within 5 months, 298 + (239)? Killed in Malaysia Airline
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Life is full of risks…
§ Risks of Personal Accidents § Risks in Financial Activities
§ Risks in Process Plants § Risks in Foods
§ Insurance Risks
§ Risks of Workplace hazards § Etc…
However, risks cannot be eliminated !
Risks can be managed and mitigated...
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Assignment of Project No - 1
§ Describe the chronology of events § Discuss the impact/aftermath of the event
§ Identify lessons learned from the event § Propose preventive and mitigating measures for the event
§ List of Event • Typhon Haiyan, Nov 2013
• Egypt air flight 804 (2016)
• Mediterranean boat capsized (2016)
• Flood in Kelantan (January 2015) • Power Plant Explosion – China(2016)
• Peaboy Bankruptcy (2016)
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End of P1-L1
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