Pars Oil & Gas Company - POGC tools...the head should be reground with a slight taper around the...
Transcript of Pars Oil & Gas Company - POGC tools...the head should be reground with a slight taper around the...
Pars Oil & Gas Company
Hand Tools Safety Procedure
HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT PROCEDURE
Hand Tools Safety Procedure
DOCUMENT ID - PR-83-POGC-001 REVISION ‐ 0.0
Pars Oil & Gas Company
Hand Tools Safety Procedure
Pages
40
Revision 00
Document ID.
PR-83-POGC-001
HSE Department
Hand Tools Safety Procedure
Document Authorization
Document Type
Security Classification
Document
Authority/Owner
Document Custodian
Safety Procedure Unrestricted P.O.G.C HSE
Document Author Approved By
HSE-S564392 M.Ansari
HSE-S593443
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Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................3
2. PURPOSE ................................................................................................................3
3. SCOPE .....................................................................................................................3
4. RESPONSIBLITIES ..............................................................................................3
5. PROCEDURES .......................................................................................................4 5.1 General ..........................................................................................................4 5.2 Hand Tools, General ....................................................................................5 5.3 Individual Hand Tools, Precautions...........................................................6 5.4 Power Tools, General...................................................................................9 5.5 Electrically Operated Tools.......................................................................10 5.6 Pneumatic Tools ........................................................................................ 14 5.7 Cartridge Operated Tools ........................................................................ 17
6. DEFFINITION & ABBREVIATION ...............................................................22
7. APPENDIXES & FIGURES ...............................................................................23
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1. INTRODUCTION
Pars Oil and Gas Company (POGC), a subsidiary of National Iranian Oil
Company (NIOC), was established in 1998. POGC is a developmental and
manufacturing organization that specializes in the fields of engineering and
management of development projects, production, operation and integrated
management of oil and gas reservoirs. POGC’s mission is to ensure sustainable
and preservative production and development of Iran’s oil and gas industry in the
areas under its responsibility, development of oil and gas value chain as well as
optimization of energy supply processes at national, regional and international
levels. POGC is also in charge of development of joint and non-joint oil and gas
fields of the country including South Pars, North Pars, Golshan and Ferdowsi.
Aimed at creating superior value and boosting the level of satisfaction of the
beneficiaries and with an approach focusing on sustainable, integrated and
knowledge-oriented production and development, the company feels committed to
comply with national and international requirements, regulations and standards in
such areas as quality, safety, as well as occupational and environmental health.
2. PURPOSE
The purpose of this Procedure describe the type of Hand Tools (Power Tools and
Manual Tools) which will be available and the circumstances under which they
should be used. This Procedure provides information on safe and effective use of
Hand Tools .is property monitored and the issue of such tools to workers is under
proper control.
3. SCOPE
This procedure applied to all work sites in POGC
projects.
4. RESPONSIBLITIES
4.1 HSE Manager
is responsible for:
Ensure that this system & procedure is in place and followed.
4.2 Site HSE Coordinator
The Site HSE Coordinator is responsible for :
• Ensuring that all personnel are trained about correct use of hand tools
and precaution must be taken during their usage.
• Ensuring that all hand tools are maintained in good working order.
4.3 HSE supervisor
The HSE supervisor is responsible for :
• Ensure that defective tools is withdrawn from service and repaired .
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• Daily check of hand tools
4.4 Relevant Heads of Disciplines
The relevant Heads of Disciplines are responsible for the implementation of this
procedure .
4.5 Safety Officer and Safety/Environment Engineer
The Safety Officer and Safety/Environment Engineer are responsible for:
• Monitoring the safe use of hand tools.
• Performing weekly and spot checks on hand tools
5. PROCEDURES
5.1 General
Hand tools are those tools for which the hand provides the motive force, e.g.,
picks, shovels, axes, crowbars, wrenches, saws, chisels, hammers, screwdrivers,
etc. It is the contractor's duty to ensure that his workmen are properly instructed
in the selection and use of the correct tool for the job. Tools constructed of good
quality materials should always be used. Poor quality tools increase the risk of
accidents and also reduce the efficiency of work.
Power tools, however, allow many jobs to be carried out more efficiently and
with greater speed and accuracy. The correct use of power tools can only be
achieved by the proper training of workmen, by proper maintenance, and by
adequate site supervision. Many accidents have occurred because unskilled and
untrained labor have been allowed to operate power tools in an incorrect manner.
The majority of accidents involving tools are caused by incorrect usage, improper
handling or poor maintenance. The basic rules for the prevention of accidents
involving tools are:
• The correct tools must always be used for the job.
• All tools must be kept clean and protected against corrosion and damage.
Inspection and maintenance must be carried out systematically and at regular
intervals.
• All damaged or worn tools must be promptly and correctly repaired.
• An efficient storage and accounting system must be operated.
• Each tool will be given a unique validation sticker to confirm that it has
been inspected and tested. Contractors equipment must undergo the same
testing and inspection prior to being allowed and used offshore.
• Work areas must be kept clean and tidy. Good housekeeping is essential to
safety.
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• Only very low voltage (48 volt or less) power tools are permitted to be used
inside metallic equipment (vessel, column, tanks, etc.), otherwise air driven /
pneumatic tools are to be used.
• Work using power tool inside hazardous zone must be covered with a hot
work permit.
5.2 Hand Tools, General
5.2.1 Quality
The contractor shall ensure that the finest quality tools shall be provided for
all jobs where hand tools are used.
5.2.2 Cleanliness
The contractor shall ensure that hand tools are regularly cleaned and, where
necessary, lightly oiled as a protection against corrosion.
5.2.3 Repair and Storage
All hand tools shall be regularly inspected before and after use, and before
storage. If wear or damage is observed, the tool should be withdrawn from
use for repair or disposal. The contractor shall ensure that the storekeeper
maintains a record of all tools issued, repaired, and withdrawn from use.
Proper racks and boxes shall be provided for the storage of hand tools.
5.2.4 Selection
The majority of accidents are caused by using an incorrect tool for the job.
It is essential that the correct type, size, and weight of tool should be decided
upon before any work is carried out.
5.2.5 Electrical Risks
All un-insulated metal tools are conductors of electricity. Where work takes
place on or near electrical operations, only properly insulated and non-
conductive tools should be used. Insulation should be checked at regular
intervals by a competent electrician.
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5.3 Individual Hand Tools, Precautions
5.3.1 Screwdrivers
It is essential that a screwdriver has the correct size of tip to fit the slot of
the screw. If the screwdriver fits the screw correctly, the screw will be
drawn into the correct position without unnecessary force being applied.
Over-tightening of screws can lead to possible hand injury if the screwdriver
slips.
Screwdriver shanks are not designed to withstand the twisting strain applied
by a pair of pliers or more grips in order to obtain additional leverage. On
no account should screwdriver handles be subjected to blows from a
hammer or similar instrument.
Screwdrivers should never be carried in the pockets of coveralls or other
clothing. A screwdriver can produce a serious wound.
5.3.2 Hammer
It is essential that the right kind of hammer be selected for the job. Hammer
handles should be made from smooth timber or be made of an integral head
and shaft of steel. Hammer heads should be secured to wooden handles with
proper wedges.
5.3.3 Chisels
Cutting edges should be kept sharp at all times, and the original shape and
angle should be maintained. Re-sharpened cold chisels should be suitably
hardened and tempered to maintain them in a safe working condition. The
chisel heads will mushroom in use. As soon as mushrooming is observed,
the head should be reground with a slight taper around the edge to prevent
chipping and reduce the tendency to re-mushroom. Eye protection should be
worn at all times when a cold chisel is used.
On jobs where it is necessary to use a sledge hammer for striking the chisel,
the chisel should be held by a second person using a pair of tongs.
Wood chisels should also be maintained in a sharp condition so that
minimum pressure is exerted when making a cut. If the chisel is to be
struck, only a wooden or soft mallet should be used.
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5.3.4 Picks and Shovels
Picks and shovels shall be maintained in a serviceable condition at all times.
Shovel blades should not be allowed to become blunt, turned, split, or
jagged. Pick head points should be kept sharp and heat-treated so that the
metal wears down in use and does not splinter or chip off. Shafts of picks
and shovels should be kept free from cracks and splinters.
5.3.5 Spanners and Wrenches
Only spanners and adjustable wrenches of the right size should be used.
When possible, use box-end rather than adjustable wrenches. The jaw
should first be checked for any sign of opening out or splitting. Spanner and
wrench lengths are graded to provide sufficient leverage on the nuts for
which they are designed. Improvised extension to these tools is an unsafe
practice and may cause the bolt tread to strip or cause shearing of the bolt.
On no account should ordinary wrenches be struck by a hammer when
tightening nuts. For heavy work of this nature, a properly designed slugging
wrench should be used.
5.3.6 Pipe Wrenches
Pipe wrenches must be large enough for the job, the jaw teeth must be kept
clean and sharp, and the knurl, pin, and spring should be kept free from
damage. Pipe wrenches should never be struck with a hammer, nor should
they be used as a hammer.
5.3.7 Pliers
Pliers should only be used when there are no other tools for the job. They
are meant only for gripping around objects and should not be used as a
wrench.
Care should be taken when cutting soft metal with pliers to ensure the scrap
portion does not fly off and cause injury. If wire is cut under tension, then
long handled pliers should be used. Where pliers are used for electrical
work, they must be fitted with insulated handles. All pliers should be kept
free from dirt and grit, and the movable parts should be lightly lubricated.
5.3.8 Jacks
Jacks should be marked with rated capacity and must be heavy enough and
strong enough to raise and maintain the load. They should be placed on a
firm and solid support, and the load should be positioned on the center line
of the jack.
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Once a load has been raised, it must be shored or blocked. The jack should
never be relied upon to hold the raised load in position by itself. Extreme
care should be taken when working under or near a raised load.
5.3.9 Hacksaws
The correct type of blade should be selected to suit the material to be cut.
The blade should be set in a hacksaw frame so that the teeth are pointing in
the forward direction, and sufficient tension should be applied to ensure
blade is maintained rigid.
5.3.10 Hand saws
Many kinds of woodworking hand saws are available, and care should be
taken to select the correct saw. All hand saws shall be regularly examined to
ensure that the saw teeth are properly set so as to avoid binding in the timber
which can cause the blade to buckle. The teeth should be kept sharp, clean,
and lightly oiled. When the saw is not in use, the blade should be protected
by a slotted piece of timber or a sheath.
Two-man saws should be operated by pulling only. The cut should be kept
straight to avoid the blade buckling. The cut should be wedged open to
prevent the timber from pinching the blade.
5.3.11 precautions
The care and safe use of manual tools such as hammers, cold chisels,
punches, files, and spanners, screwdrivers and pliers includes:
• Tools must be kept clean and free from corrosion.
• Ensure all moving parts are free to slide or rotate as required.
• Ensure all cutting edges are kept sharp.
• Ensure all burrs are removed from the edges of tools.
• Tools not in use must be stored safely as follows:
– Tools must be stored in suitable boxes or containers, or hung on
racks.
– Cutting edges must be protected.
– Tools must be placed where they cannot roll or fall off benches.
– Heavy tools must be placed where they do not cause an obstruction.
• Always use the correct tool for the job.
• All handles must be securely fitted to tools.
• Suitable eye protection must be worn.
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• Most hand tools, unless specifically designed for electrical use, are
conductors of electricity, therefore extreme caution must be exercised
when working near electrical equipment.
• Insulated and non-conducting tools must be tested regularly by a
competent person.
• Steel tools that have previously been used on light alloys must have all
traces of alloy removed before being used again on steel equipment.
• Before using any type of hand tools on metallic equipment in a
hazardous area, the area must be certified as Gas Free. Where it is not
possible to gas free the area, then other arrangements must be made.
• When using non-sparking tools mitigate the effects of mushrooming by
re-shaping or replacing.
WARNING
NO TOOLS MAY BE REGARDED AS NON-SPARKING. REDUCED-
SPARKING TOOLS MUST BE USED WHEN IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT
WORK BE CARRIED OUT IN POTENTIALLY EXPLOSIVE
CONDITIONS.
5.4 Power Tools, General
5.4.1 Quality
The operator shall ensure that all portable power tools do not exceed 125
volts rating, are manufactured of sound materials, and are free from defects
and properly grounded.
5.4 .2 Repair and Storage
All portable power tools shall be stored in clean, dry conditions. The
contractor shall provide a schedule of systematic inspection and
maintenance for all power tools. All tools shall be returned to the
storekeeper at the completion of each individual job. Power tools must not
be left lying around the job site where they could be damaged.
Rotating tools should be switched off and held until rotation has completely
stopped before they are set down. Tools must be disconnected before
changing bits, blades, cutters, or wheels.
Power for tools can be supplied by compressed air, explosive cartridge, or
electricity. All portable power tools must be equipped with properly
functioning "dead man" switches.
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5.5 Electrically Operated Tools
5.5.1 General
All electrically operated hand tools shall be rated and used at a voltage not
exceeding 125V to ground.
Before any electrical tool is used, a careful check shall be made by the
supervisor to ensure that the supply voltage is within the range marked on
the information plate on the tool. Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs)
are required for all 120 volt, single phase, 15 and 20 ampere receptacle
outlets on construction sites which are not a part of the permanent wiring
system.
All electrical power hand tools shall be of the double insulated type or
properly grounded.
External metal parts of double insulated tools (drill chucks, saw blades, etc.)
are insulated from the electrified parts inside the tool and, under normal
conditions, contact with electrified parts of the tool does not take place.
However, under wet conditions, rain, condensation, high humidity, damp
locations, etc., the hazards are as great as with faulty grounded tools. All
electrical tools are hazardous when used damp or wet, but with double
insulated tools the moisture coupled with metal dust, carbon dust, etc. can
form a conductive path from inside the tool to the surface through the
ventilation holes or cracks. Since there is no ground wire to carry this
current away, the user can receive an electric shock. Double insulated tools,
like all electric tools, must be kept dry and should not be used without a
ground fault circuit interrupter.
All tools shall be used with extension cords which are as short as possible.
All extension cords shall be fitted with grounding pin and blades to fit the
socket outlet on the distribution board. Extension cords shall be of the
three-wire conductor type. Plugs and sockets must meet the National
Electrical Code requirement with respect to grounding and polarity.
Over current protection shall be provided to extension cords in accordance
with the requirements of the National Electrical Code Article 240. Factors
to be considered for adequate over current protection are: type of
conductors, size, and length of run.
Example: Consider electrical equipment being used on a construction site
that may require 15 or 18 ampere (amp.) capacity. Construction plans call
for three No. 12 AWG (wire size) copper conductors which run to a 20 amp.
receptacle (120 v) 40 feet from the electrical panel box. This circuit is
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protected by a 20 amp. circuit breaker. Is this a problem? Yes - There may
be three problems: (1) the size of the conductors, (2) the length of cable run
and, (3) the circuit breaker size.
In order to prevent an employee from receiving an electric shock, the
breaker size and receptacle should be reduced to 15 amp. or the conductors
changed to a No. 10 AWG so that the breaker can function at 20 amp. when
required. Leaving the circuit the way it is would allow considerable
electrical leakage without tripping the circuit breaker. Also conductor
insulation would be subject to heat damage causing electrical leakage and
fire. Heavy duty construction type extension cords are required for 20
ampere circuits, No. 14 AWG or larger size for 100 feet of run length. (See
Figure 6.)
Where it is necessary to make electrical splices, these shall be made with
proper connector blocks or by plug and socket connectors. Taped joints
shall not be permitted.
5.5.2 Maintenance and Storage
A proper inspection and maintenance routine shall be established by the
personnel for all electrical tools. The inspection and maintenance of all
tools shall be carried out at least once in every working week by a competent
electrician.
All tools shall be stored in a clean, dry place, and a record of issue and
receipt shall be maintained by the storekeeper.
5.5.3 Personal Protective Equipment
Personnel shall ensure that all operators are provided with eye, head, and
ear protection. If there is any likelihood of harmful dust being emitted, dust
respirators should be used.
5.5.4 Individual Tools, Precautions
5.5.4.1 Grinders
All grinders shall be equipped with a protective guard which allows only the
working part of the wheel to be exposed. This guard must not be removed.
Grinders shall be clearly marked with their maximum running speed. The
maximum running speed of the spindle must not exceed the maximum
periphery speed marked on the grinding wheel. Wheels should be checked
for defects before mounting. All defective wheels must be destroyed. (See
Figure 5.)
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5.5.4.2 Drills
Care should be taken not to drill too large a hole at one time. Drilling of
large holes should be done in stages by using small bore drills and gradually
increasing the size as necessary. If this is not done, the drill may bind on
breakthrough, and the torque set up could twist the tool against the user's
wrist.
5.5.4.3 Saws
Hand operated circular saws shall be fitted with spring loaded guards which
allow only the working part of the blade to be exposed. (See Figure 7.)
Portable table saws shall be provided with adjustable guards, anti-kick-back
devices, and push-type start/stop buttons within easy reach of the operator.
(See Figures 8 and 9.) Fixed table saws shall be hard wired to an emergency
electrical disconnect switch that has the capability of locking out in addition
to having start/stop buttons at the operator's location, etc. Portable table
saws must be unplugged for repair, maintenance, or when not in use.
Where a provision is made for a table saw riving knife to be fitted, it shall be
kept clean and properly adjusted to the work at all times. Push sticks must
be provided and used when necessary on all bench saws.
The work area shall be cleaned to prevent excessive build-up of sawdust and
scrap wood.
Operators shall wear eye and hearing protection.
5.5.4.4 Radial Saws (Figure 10)
Radial saws must be provided with:
• An upper hood to enclose the top portion of the blade down to a point
that includes the end of the saw arbor. The sides of the lower, exposed
portion of the blade must be guarded to the full diameter of the blade by
a device that automatically adjusts to the thickness of the stock being
cut.
• Anti-kickback dogs (on both sides of saw) designed to provide adequate
holding power for all thicknesses of ripping stock.
• An adjustable stop limiting the forward travel of the blade beyond the
distance necessary to complete the cut in repetitive operations.
• A saw housing which automatically returns to the starting position.
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• A marking on the hood showing the direction of the saw rotation. In
addition, a permanent label must be affixed to the rear of the guard,
reading: "DANGER. DO NOT RIP OR PLOUGH FROM THIS END."
• Start/stop buttons at the operator's position. Additionally, in the case of
fixed saws, each saw must be wired to an emergency electrical
disconnect isolation switch capable of locking out the saw.
5.5.5 precaution requirements
• Personnel who use power tools must be trained and competent in their
use.
• Maintenance of power tools must be systematic. The insulation of
electrical tools and extension leads must be regularly checked by
competent electricians. All results are to be recorded.
• Safety guards and fuses must be kept in position.
• Great care must be taken when operating electrical tools in wet or humid
areas.
5.5.6 Portable Electrical Drills
• Always provide a 'starter' mark for the drill point.
• Always select correct bit for the material being drilled.
• If the bit is long enough to pass through material, protect against damage
and injury on the other side.
• Small pieces of work should be clamped or held down to prevent
spinning by the drill.
• Care must be taken to prevent sleeves and other clothing from being
caught by the drill. It is recommended that sleeves be rolled up above the
elbow.
• Telescopic or similar guarding must be used when operating a bench-
mounted drill.
5.5.7 Portable Grinders
• Grinder operators must wear suitable eye protection ie., goggles or full-
face shields.
• Grinder wheels must be inspected and dressed regularly. Full-face
shields and respiratory protection must be worn when dressing. A
cracked stone may break into pieces and must be discarded.
• Grinding wheels must have the same (or higher) maximum permissible
working speed as the grinder.
• Adjustable shields must be fitted to all grinders. They must not be
removed.
5.5.8 Portable Electric Saws
• Both upper and lower guards must be kept in place.
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• Saw blades must be regularly checked and kept in good condition.
• The blades used must be those recommended for the material being cut.
• If a portable saw is adapted for bench top use, it must be securely
clamped with a support designed for this purpose.
• Green or wet materials should be cut slowly and with extra caution.
• Operators exposed to harmful dust, as when cutting concrete, tile, lead or
stone, should wear an approved type of respiratory protection.
• Materials should be checked for nails, hard knots, etc.
5.6 Pneumatic Tools
5.6.1 General
An air compressor shall always be under the supervision of a competent
person. It should always be sited in such a place so as to have adequate
ventilation. Compressors shall not be permitted to operate in confined
spaces without the provision of adequate exhaust ventilation.
All compressed air hoses shall be of the correct size to fit the tool being
used. Any joint in the hoses shall be made with a proper coupler and
secured by safety wire. The hose length shall be kept as short as possible
and placed so as not to be subjected to damage.
Pneumatic tools require clean air to operate efficiently. In every line feeding
a power tool, there shall be an adequate filter and lubricator.
During operation all air tools should be held firmly to prevent them spinning
and jumping. This pressure should be maintained during the stopping
process to prevent injury to the operator's feet and hands.
5.6 .2 Individual Tools, Precautions
5.6.2.1 Jack Hammer and Concrete Breakers
The tool bit retaining spring shall always be securely in position to prevent
the bit from dropping out. The bit must be kept sharp.
Ear, eye and foot protection shall be required when working with this type of
equipment.
5.6 .2.2 Rock Drill
It is extremely important that the operator maintains a firm grip with both
hands and stands in a balanced position. Any other method of using the tool
can cause serious bodily injury.
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5.6.2.3 Grinding Machine
This tool is probably the most misused of all the power tools. Care should
always be taken to ensure that the grinding wheel is free from defect before
mounting. Any defect may cause the wheel to disintegrate as it gains
momentum.
Only persons who have been instructed in the proper selection and fitting of
grinding wheels should be allowed to install wheels on tools.
The proper size and type of wheel should be fitted to the tool so that the
maximum permissible running speed of the spindle does not exceed the
maximum periphery speed displayed on the grinding wheel. No grinding
machine shall be used unless the maximum speed is clearly marked on the
case. All wheels shall be fitted with adequate guards in conformance with
ANSI B7-1-1988. (See Figure 1.)
Floor stand and bench mounted abrasive wheels, used for external grinding,
shall be provided with safety guards (protection hoods). The maximum
angular exposure of the grinding wheel periphery and sides shall be not
more than 90o, except that when work requires contact with the wheel
below the horizontal plane of the spindle, the angular exposure shall not
exceed 125o. In either case, the exposure shall begin not more than 65o
above the horizontal plane of the spindle. Safety guards shall be strong
enough to withstand the effect of a bursting wheel. (See Figures 2 and 3.)
Floor and bench-mounted grinders shall be provided with work rests which
are rigidly supported and readily adjustable. Such work rests shall be kept at
a distance not to exceed one-eighth inch from the surface of the wheel. (See
Figure 2.)
Cut type wheels used for external grinding shall be protected by either a
revolving cup guard or a band type guard in accordance with the provisions
of the American National Standards Institute, B7.1-1988 Safety Code for the
Use, Care, and Protection of Abrasive Wheels. All other portable abrasive
wheels used for external grinding, shall be provided with safety guards
(protection hoods) meeting the requirements of this paragraph, except as
follows:
• When the work location makes it possible, a wheel equipped with safety
flanges shall be used.
• When wheels 2 inches or less in diameter which are securely mounted on
the end of a steel mandrel are used.
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Portable abrasive wheels used for internal grinding shall be provided with
safety flanges (protection flanges) except as follows:
• If the wheels are entirely within the work being ground while in use.
• When wheels 2 inches or less in diameter which are securely mounted on
the end of a steel mandrel are used.
When safety guards are required, they shall be so mounted as to maintain
proper alignment with the wheel, and the guard and its fastenings shall be of
sufficient strength to retain fragments of the wheel in case of accidental
breakage. The maximum angular exposure of the grinding wheel periphery
and sides shall not exceed 180o.
When safety flanges are required, they shall be used only with wheels
designed to fit the flanges. Only safety flanges of a type and design and
properly assembled so as to ensure that the pieces of the wheel will be
retained in case of accidental breakage, shall be used.
All abrasive wheels shall be closely inspected and ring-tested before
mounting to ensure that they are free from cracks or defects. (See Figure 4.)
Grinding wheels shall fit freely on the spindle and shall not be forced on.
The spindle nut shall be tightened only enough to hold the wheel in place.
(See Figure 5.)
All employees using abrasive wheels shall be protected by eye protection
equipment.
Materials that require grinding shall be placed on the tool rest with moderate
head-on pressure applied. Materials should not be forced or jammed into
the wheel. Grinding the materials on the sides of the wheel is an unsafe
practice which can damage the wheel. A grooved or damaged wheel must
be replaced.
5.6.3 Compressed Air Tools
• The air supply line should be protected from damage by vehicles,
materials, etc.
• Supply hoses, pipes and couplings must be inspected regularly and
damaged items must be promptly replaced or repaired.
• Ear protection may be necessary.
• Compressed air is not to be used for other purposes such as dust
removal, etc. Horseplay involving any use of compressed air equipment
is forbidden.
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5.7 Cartridge Operated Tools
5.7.1 General
Cartridge operated tools have a great advantage in that they can be used in
almost any situation without the inconvenience of trailing leads or hoses.
However, it is essential that these tools be operated only by properly trained
personnel who are over 18 years of age. The contractor shall ensure that each
man required to operate such a tool will undergo a thorough training period and
be certified by the tool vendor. Use of cartridge operated tools will be in
accordance with ANSI A10.3-1985 and the manufacturer's specifications and
shall be subject to review and concurrence by the HSE Department.
5.7.2 Storage
Safe and secure storage for cartridges and tools must be provided on the job site.
Storage must be fire proof, dry, must be capable of being locked and should be
sited in a clear, but easily accessible location where constant supervision can be
maintained.
Cartridges and tools must not be stored together. A storage unit providing
positive physical separation of cartridges and tools (i.e., a wall or partition) is
required.
Warning to be posted where cartridges are stored: "DANGER - NO SMOKING
Cartridge Storage".
Ventilation must be provided in the store. Cartons of cartridges must not be
stacked against the wall and ventilation spaces must be left around the cartons.
Only one carton of each strength cartridge shall be open at any one time. All
empty cartons, and intermediate packing, must be removed at once.
Tools must be stored in their carrying cases. No loose cartridges must be in the
carrying cases; all cartridges must be in their color coded boxes.
Only authorized personnel must be allowed access to the store.
5.7.3 Selection and Training of Personnel
No person may operate, clean, maintain, or repair any cartridge tool without
possessing a certificate of competency, issued by an accredited tool vendor or
manufacturer's representative, which identifies the particular model that the
person is qualified to handle.
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September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 18
Personnel for training must be selected with the following points in mind:
1. Must be over 18 years of age.
2. Must be physically fit and have full use of both hands and both eyes.
Should ideally be a tradesman, e.g. plumber, mason, electrician,
joiner/carpenter, etc.
Store men may also need to be trained if they are required to clean and
maintain the tools.
3. Training, both theoretical and practical, must be given by a competent
instructor.
4. The training must follow the manufacturer's instructions as contained in the
handbook of each particular model.
5.7.4 Personal Protective Equipment
Eye Protection shall be worn by the operator and his assistant whenever using
the tools. Goggles must be of a satisfactory standard designed to withstand high
speed impacts and/or, penetrations.
Ear muffs will be available for use at any time and shall be used in confined
spaces.
Safety belts may be required in certain situations where the recoil from the tool
could cause an operator to loose his balance.
5.7.5 Issue and Returns
Supervisor will ensure that a full register of the serial numbers of each tool is
made and kept up to date .A log inventory system of issuing and
returning cartridges and tools against signatures must be initiated and
maintained. See
Figure 12: Cartridge/Tool Issuance Control.
Only personnel in possession of a user certificate will be allowed to withdraw
tools or cartridges from the store.
Only the minimum number of cartridges required for that particular shift's
operation should be issued at any one time.
Cartridges and tools must not be left on the job site at lunch break or at end of
shift but must be returned to the store for safekeeping.
Any loss, either of tools or cartridges, must be reported, at once, to POGC project proponent.
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September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 19
5.7.6 Work Permits
Work Permits will not normally be required for use on job sites.
Where tools will be used in restricted areas (as defined in MA-64-POGC-001
Work Permit Manual), a Hot Work Permit must be obtained before work
commences.
5.7.7 Use
No person may operate, clean, maintain or repair any cartridge tool without
possessing a certificate of competency which identifies the particular model that
person is qualified to handle.
The manufacturer's operating instructions must be followed at all times.
Cartridges are manufactured in different calibers and strengths. There are three
sizes: .25 short, .27 short, and .27 long; and, four strengths, as follows:
POWER LEVEL
NUMBER
COLOR CODE
LETTER CODE
Low 3 Green L Low/Medium 4 Yellow LM Medium/High 5 Red MH
Extra High 6 Purple/Black EX
It is, therefore, imperative that the correct size and strength of cartridge required
for the tool, the fixing, and the material to be fixed onto be properly determined.
A wrongly sized cartridge will cause a stoppage or misfire.
Using a cartridge which is too powerful could cause a ricochet or a spelling or
fracture of the material.
PARS OIL & GAS COMPANY
September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 20
The following General Safety and Operating Rules are common to all types of
tools:
1 As soon as the tool is removed from its carrying case, check to make sure
that a cartridge is NOT LOADED.
2 Inspect the tool before use each day to ensure that it is complete, in good
condition (e.g., clean), and that the safety devices are in proper working
condition.
3 Any tool that is not in proper working order or that develops a defect during
use, shall be immediately withdrawn from service and not used until properly
repaired.
4 Tools shall not be loaded with a cartridge until just prior to the intended
firing time. When loading a tool, point it away from you and anyone else.
Never walk around with a loaded tool; load it where you are working. Never
leave the tool loaded when not in use. Loaded tools shall not be left unattended.
5 Never try to operate the tool without the end of the barrel hard against the
fixing surface.
6 All tools shall be used with the correct shield, guard, or attachment
recommended by the manufacturer.
7 Fasteners shall not be driven into very hard or brittle materials including, but
not limited to, cast iron, glazed tile, surface hardened steel, glass blocks, hollow
tile, terra cotta, marble, granite, slate, etc.
8 Driving into soft or easily penetrable materials shall be avoided unless
materials are backed by another material that will prevent the pin from passing
completely through and creating a flying missile hazard on the other side.
Careful inspection of all materials should be made before deciding on the use of
a cartridge tool.
9 No pins shall be driven into a spelled area caused by an unsatisfactory shot,
or into any existing hole in the material. Care should be taken to ensure that the
new fixing is at least two inches away from any previous hole, and a similar
distance from any welded joint.
10 Pins must not be fired into corner bricks, mortar joints, and must be at least
four (4) inches (100 mm) away from the edge of concrete or brick work and
one-half inch (12 mm) from the edge of steel.
11 Ensure that the correct strength cartridge is used for the pin, fixing and
material involved. For the first, or test firing use the weakest cartridge. Too
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September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 21
strong a cartridge may result in over penetration, or the fastener may rebound or
ricochet.
12 The tool must be held at right angles to the job when firing.
13 In the event of a misfire, the tool should be re-triggered without moving the
tool from the work face. If the shot again fails, then the tool must be held firmly
in the firing position for at least 30 seconds to allow for a possible "Hang Fire"
in the
cartridge. The removal of the misfired cartridge must be as per the
manufacturer's instructions. Do not use nails, knives, etc., to pry the cartridge
loose.
14 Recoil from firing can throw an operator off balance, especially when
working from ladders or scaffolds. Care must be taken to ensure that the
operator has a secure and safe work area. Safety belts should be used if
necessary.
15 Do not leave cartridges loose on the job site or in the carrying case or carry
them in your pockets. Cartridges are of the 'Rim Fire' type and could explode
accidentally if in receipt of a knock from a pin, fixing, or even a bunch of keys.
16 Before returning the tool to the stores, ensure that it is clean and complete
and that all cartridges are in their correct color coded box.
5.7.8 Maintenance and Repair
Before any repair/maintenance work is carried out, check to make sure that the
tool is NOT LOADED with a cartridge.
No person may operate, clean, maintain or repair any cartridge tool without
possessing a certificate of competency which identifies the particular model that
the person is qualified to handle.
Tools must be dismantled, as far as the manufacturer's instructions indicate, at
least once every week and checked for defects and excessive wear before being
cleaned and oiled. If any defect is found, the tool must be made serviceable
before being issued for use.
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September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 22
Only manufacturer's authorized spare parts are to be used for
repair/replacement.
NO CARTRIDGES must be allowed in the repair/maintenance area. Test firing
of repaired tools must be done in a safe location away from work and store or
office areas.
Cartridge powered tools are extensively used for many types of fixing
operations and, when used in the correct manner, will save time. The
manufacturers’ instructions must be strictly adhered to, particularly with regard
to Procedures for loading, fixing and dismantling. The tools must only be used
by personnel trained in their use, and who have been issued with a Certificate of
Competence, or similar, for each tool they are qualified to use.
The safety precautions to be observed for handling and care of cartridge tools
are:
• The operator must be trained in the use of cartridge tools.
• Tools must not be used on materials where the hardness of the material
is greater than of the fastener.
• Cartridge tools must not be used in the vicinity of other personnel due to
the risk of injury caused by ricochets.
• Tools must never be used without a suitable guard or shield.
• Goggles or full-face shields must be worn by operators.
• The cartridges used must be kept in proper containers.
• A loaded cartridge tool must never be left unattended.
• The cartridge tool must be unloaded before carrying out any adjustment
to the safety guards, muzzle or barrel.
• Cartridge tools must not be used in any area where flammable gases,
vapors or explosive dust are present.
CAUTION : IF THE TOOL DOES NOT FIRE ON OPERATION OF THE
FIRING MECHANISM, THE TOOL MUST REMAIN PRESSED AGAINST
THE FIXING SURFACE FOR 15 TO 20 SECONDS TO ALLOW FOR A
POSSIBLE TIME LAG IN CARTRIDGE FIRING. THE MAKER'S
INSTRUCTIONS FOR DEALING WITH MISFIRES MUST BE STRICTLY
ADHERED TO.
6. DEFFINITION & ABBREVIATION
Hand Tools : Any work tool ,powered or otherwise that is operated by
the worker by physically holding it in his hands.
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September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 23
Pneumatic Tools : Tools that are powered by air such as air wrenches.air
grinders, spray guns and air fasteners .
Power Tools : Tools that are manually operated and powered by electricity . air
gasoline ,diesel. Or explosives .
7. APPENDIXES & Figures
APPENDIX 1: FIGURES
APPENDIX 2: CHECK LIST
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September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 24
FIGURE 1: ABRASIVE/GRINDING WHEEL
1 Dimensions
2 Nature of the Abrasive
3 Abrasive Grain Size
4 Grade
5 Structure
6 Bond
7 Maximum Speed
8 Color Stripe = Speed
September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 25
PARS OIL & GAS COMPANY
FIGURE 2: GRINDER GUARDS
1. Work rests shall be kept adjusted to the wheel with a maximum gap of
1/8 inch.
2. Tongue guards shall be kept adjusted closely to the wheel
with a maximum opening of 1/4 inch.
3. The maximum angular exposure of the grinding wheel periphery should
not exceed 90o. This exposure shall begin at a point not more than 65o
above the horizontal plane.
4. Whenever the nature of the work requires contact with the wheel below
the horizontal plane, the exposure shall not exceed 125o.
September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 26
PARS OIL & GAS COMPANY
FIGURE 3: BENCH GRINDER - MACHINE GUARDING
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PARS OIL & GAS COMPANY
FIGURE 5: CORRECTLY MOUNTED GRINDING WHEEL
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PARS OIL & GAS COMPANY
FIGURE 6: WIRE CONVERSION CHART
* Middle Ring American Wire
Gauge
* Outer Ring Allowance
Ampacities Of Insulated
Conductors Rate 0-2000
Volts, 60o To 90o
("THWN" 75oC Cable
Temperature Ratings)
* Inter Ring Metric or MM2
September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 30
PARS OIL & GAS COMPANY
FIGURE 7: SELF ADJUSTING GUARD
September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 31
PARS OIL & GAS COMPANY
FIGURE 8: TABLE SAWS
• Table saws must be provided with a hood that covers the saw at all
times.
• Table saws used for ripping must be equipped with an anti-kickback
device and spreader.
• The exposed part of the saw underneath the table must be guarded.
• Table must be secured in position.
• Guarded start/stop buttons shall be provided at the operator's position.
• All fixed table saws shall be hard wired to an emergency electrical
disconnect switch capable of locking out the saw.
PARS OIL & GAS COMPANY
FIGURE 9: TABLE SAWS - MACHINE GUARDING
September 2012- Blasting Safety Procedure Page 33
PARS OIL & GAS COMPANY
September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 34
FIGURE 10: RADIAL SAWS
Radial Saws must be provided with:
• An upper hood to enclose the top portion of the blade down to a point
that includes the end of the saw arbor. The sides of the lower, exposed
portion of the blade must be guarded to the full diameter of the blade by
a device that automatically adjusts to the thickness of the stock being
cut.
• Anti-kickback dogs (on both sides of the saw) designed to provide
adequate holding power for all thicknesses of ripping stock.
• An adjustable stop limiting the forward travel of the blade beyond the
distance necessary to complete the cut in repetitive operations.
• A saw housing which automatically returns to the starting position.
• A marking on the hood showing the direction of the saw rotation. In
addition, a permanent label must be affixed to the rear of the guard,
reading: "DANGER. DO NOT RIP OR PLOUGH FROM THIS
END."
• Guarded start/stop buttons shall be located at the operators position.
• Saw stand shall be secured in position.
• All fixed radial saws shall be hard wired to an emergency electrical
disconnect switch capable of locking out the saw.
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PARS OIL & GAS COMPANY
FIGURE 11: THE WOODWORKING MACHINE REGULATIONS
Circular saws are included under types specified as woodworking machines.
Training:
• No person should be employed on a woodworking machine who has not been
trained and instructed in its operation.
Duties Of Employed Persons:
• Employees using woodworking machines must use and keep properly adjusted
guards and other safety devices and use push sticks, jigs, holders and backstops
provided.
Working Environment:
• Sufficient space to be provided around machine to allow work without risk of
injury.
• Floors to be level, in good condition, free of loose material, and not slippery.
Guards:
• Cutters to be guarded to the greatest practicable extent.
• Guards to be of substantial construction, properly secured and adjusted, and
constantly in position while cutters are in motion.
Top Guard:
• Guard to be strong and easily adjustable.
• Adjusted to extend from top of riving knife to a point as close as practicable to the
surface of the material being cut; or to a point not more than 12 mm above the
material being cut where squared stock is being hand held.
Bottom Guard:
• Blade below table to be guarded to the greatest extent practicable.
Push Sticks:
• Must be available for use on every hand-fed circular saw, and used to feed
material-
a) throughout any cut of 300 mm or less
b) during the last 300 mm of any cut more than 300 mm in length
Push sticks should also be used to remove cut material from between the saw
blade and the fence.
PARS OIL & GAS COMPANY
FIGURE 12: CARTRIDGE/TOOL ISSUANCE CONTROL
Cartridge Quantity
Received By
Date Issued Returned
Used Returned
Unused Returned
Un-
exploded
Tool
Issued
(Type/MD
L)
Cert No. Name/
Signature Issued By Remarks
Warning: Above items can only be issued to workers with valid training certificate Storekeeper:
Safety Officer:
September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 29
PARS OIL & GAS COMPANY
September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 29
APPENDIX 2: CHECK LIST
BELOW ARE SOME ITEMS WHICH MUST BE CHECKED WHEN USING HAND
TOOLS ( This checklist is filling by contractor HSE supervisor and archived at contractor
HSE Department )
No.
Description
Yes
No
N/A
Comments
1
Is there a proper system for identification and
storage of tools ?
2
Are tools regularly inspected and maintained ? Are
records kept ?
3
Are tools for use in hazardous areas intrinsically
safe ? Are they adequately marked ?
4
Is the insulation of electrical tools and extension
cables checked regularly and are records kept ?
5
Are personnel trained in the use of power tools ?
6
Is the grinding wheel / saw blade / drill in good
condition ?
7
Is the grinding wheel suitable for the maximum
speed of the grinder ?
8
Is respiratory equipment (RPE) available for
working in dusty atmospheres ?
9
Are hand tools in good condition ?
10
Are the handles split or loose ?
11
Are tools with insulating handles checked
regularly?
12
Are guards in place and used correctly ?
13
Are portable cartridge tools used correctly on site ?
Are personnel trained in their use ?
14
Are safety goggles or full-face shields available for
personnel to use ?
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September 2012- Hand tools Safety Procedure Page 29
SUGGESTIONS FOR THE POGC
HAND TOOLS SAFETY PROCEDURE
MANAGER, HSE Department
Pars Oil & Gas Company
Tehran I.R. Iran
Please consider the following suggestion(s) relative to the POGC Hand tools safety
procedure:
(Signature)
(Date)
(Address)
Contact Telephone Number
Contact FAX Number