Parent and Coaches Guide Prevention & Care of Common Sport/Activity- related Injuries.
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Transcript of Parent and Coaches Guide Prevention & Care of Common Sport/Activity- related Injuries.
Parent and Coaches GuideParent and Coaches Guide
Prevention & Care Prevention & Care of Common of Common
Sport/Activity-Sport/Activity-relatedrelated InjuriesInjuries
Parent and Coaches Guide
Sponsored by the Pennsylvania Sponsored by the Pennsylvania Athletic Trainers’ Society and the Athletic Trainers’ Society and the
over 1300 certified Athletic over 1300 certified Athletic Trainers in the Commonwealth.Trainers in the Commonwealth.
Athletic Training
Recognized by the American Medical Recognized by the American Medical Association, athletic training is an Association, athletic training is an allied health profession dedicated to allied health profession dedicated to the provision of quality health care the provision of quality health care for the physically active.for the physically active.
Athletic Training
What can Certified What can Certified Athletic Trainers Athletic Trainers
do?do?
Athletic Training
Scope of PracticeScope of Practice• Prevention of Injuries and Illnesses
• Emergency Management and Treatment
• Recognition and Evaluation
Athletic Training
Scope of PracticeScope of Practice
• Rehabilitation and Reconditioning
• Organization and Administration
• Continuous Health Education
PTA & PATS Partnership
Keeping Our Kids Safe
Athletic Trainers’ WeekAthletic Trainers’ WeekOctober 8th - 14th
Dedicated to helping to educate parents and coaches to prevent common injuries from occurring to children who are participating in sports and other physical activities
PTA & PATS Partnership
Six Principles to Safeguard Children’s Health1. Ensure that children receive a general health exam and an
orthopedic exam prior to participating in organized sports activities
2. Ensure that children always wear appropriate safety gear and equipment the fits and receive instruction on its proper use
3. Determine if child/children is/are physically and psychologically conditioned, trained, and matched with opposing kids
PTA & PATS Partnership
Six Principles to Safeguard Children’s Health4. Ensure that children are supervised at all times by a
responsible adult who strictly enforces rules and who has a plan to deal with emergencies
5. Ensure that children drink adequate amounts of fluid prior to, during, and following activities and eat a health diet
6. Ensure that the playing environment is safe
PTA & PATS Partnership
Parent and Coaches GuideCommon Injuries & ConditionsCommon Injuries & Conditions
–Fractures
–Sprains and Strains
–Tendinitis
–Bruises
–Concussions
Parent and Coaches Guide• Myth #1Myth #1
It’s not a broken bone, becauseIt’s not a broken bone, because
my child can still my child can still
move the joint.move the joint.
Parent and Coaches Guide
Joint movement is rarely an indicator Joint movement is rarely an indicator of a fracture. The only way to truly of a fracture. The only way to truly confirm a fracture is by x-ray. confirm a fracture is by x-ray. However, there are a few simple However, there are a few simple guidelines to help you identify a guidelines to help you identify a fracture at home.fracture at home.
Parent and Coaches Guide
Indications of a Fracture may include.. Indications of a Fracture may include.. * * Deformity
* Pain that keeps the child awake at
night
* Swelling and pain over a bone that persists for more than a few days
Parent and Coaches Guide
A fracture is any disruption A fracture is any disruption (break, chip, or crack) in a bone(break, chip, or crack) in a bone
Parent and Coaches Guide
Fractures are normally Fractures are normally NOTNOT an an emergency situation UNLESS emergency situation UNLESS either blood flow is interrupted OR either blood flow is interrupted OR the nerves are affected (loss of the nerves are affected (loss of sensation or unable to use the body sensation or unable to use the body area)area)
Parent and Coaches Guide
What should I do if I suspect my child What should I do if I suspect my child has a fracture?has a fracture?
* Contact your family physician
* Apply ice to the area
* Splint to prevent joints above and below the injury from moving* Elevate the body part; if possible
Parent and Coaches Guide• Myth #2Myth #2
A fracture will A fracture will
hurt more than hurt more than
a sprain or a sprain or
strain.strain.
Parent and Coaches Guide
Pain tolerance varies Pain tolerance varies from person to person. from person to person. A sprain or strain can be A sprain or strain can be as painful as a fracture.as painful as a fracture. When in doubt, contact When in doubt, contact your family physician.your family physician.
Parent and Coaches Guide• SprainSprain
Stretching or tearing of ligaments. Usually occurs to the “outside” of the ankle where there is less ligamentous support
Parent and Coaches Guide• StrainStrain
Stretching or tearing of muscle and/or tendon. Usually caused by an overstretching or overstressing a muscle
Parent and Coaches Guide
• Indications of a Sprain may include..Indications of a Sprain may include..* Swelling over a joint area
* Pain with joint movement, particularly the movement that caused the injury
Parent and Coaches Guide
• Indications of a Strain include…Indications of a Strain include…* Pain when the muscle or tendon is used or stretched
* May be some swelling
* May be a divot or deformity
Parent and Coaches Guide• What should I do if I suspect my child What should I do if I suspect my child
has a sprain or strain?has a sprain or strain?
* Protection* Rest * Ice* Compression* Elevation
Parent and Coaches Guide• ProtectionProtection
–Protect that child from further injury or harm by removing him/her from the activity
Parent and Coaches Guide• RestRest
–If unable to walk normally, should be on crutches; splints or slings for upper extremity
–Avoid excessive use, but some motion is helpful - within the painfree range of motion
Parent and Coaches Guide• IceIce
–Encase area with ice bag(s)
–Apply for 15-20 minutes every hour
–Avoid using heat
Parent and Coaches Guide• CompressionCompression
–Apply elastic wrap
–Be sure that wrap is not too tight or too lose
Parent and Coaches Guide• ElevationElevation
–The injured body area should be elevated at least to the level of the heart
Parent and Coaches Guide• Myth #3Myth #3
Once my child has been Once my child has been “cleared” by the physician, it “cleared” by the physician, it is okay for my childis okay for my child to retur to return n to full activity immediately.to full activity immediately.
Parent and Coaches Guide• All athletes should be evaluated and All athletes should be evaluated and
pass functional tests before returning to pass functional tests before returning to full activity.full activity. If your child can do some, but not all
activities without pain or disability, he/she should not participate fully and should be put on a rehabilitation program.
Parent and Coaches GuideFunctional Testing - Lower BodyFunctional Testing - Lower Body
– Bear full weight - both, one leg
– Jump (two)--> Hop (one foot)
– Jog --> Sprint forward/backward
– Figure 8
– Sport Specific Activities
– Cutting and Running motion
Parent and CoachesGuide
Functional Testing - Upper BodyFunctional Testing - Upper Body (activity-dependent)
– Four Corner Touch
– Throwing - vary distance and intensity
– Push-up
– Sport Specific activities
Parent and Coaches Guide• Myth #4Myth #4
Tendinitis appears Tendinitis appears suddenly and is suddenly and is difficult to difficult to distinguish from distinguish from a strain.a strain.
Parent and Coaches Guide
Tendinitis, an inflammation of a Tendinitis, an inflammation of a tendon, usually “appears” gradually tendon, usually “appears” gradually over a course of a week or two. over a course of a week or two. Usually, there is no one incident that Usually, there is no one incident that causes the injury. causes the injury.
Parent and Coaches Guide Indications of a Tendinitis include …Indications of a Tendinitis include …
* Pain that appears gradually over a few weeks
* Pain that is worse in the AM
* Pain is lessened when area is warm but returns when activity stops/area cooled
Parent and Coaches Guide• What should I do if I suspect my child What should I do if I suspect my child
has tendinitis?has tendinitis?
* Rest the body area
* Ice; then heat or ice
* OTC anti-inflammatories
* Return to activity gradually after pain ceases
Parent and Coaches Guide
• Myth #5Myth #5It’s no big deal, it is only a bruise.It’s no big deal, it is only a bruise.
Parent and Coaches Guide
A bruise is a closed wound; there is A bruise is a closed wound; there is internal bleeding. If not properly internal bleeding. If not properly handled, calcium deposits could form handled, calcium deposits could form in the muscle belly. You usually will in the muscle belly. You usually will not “see” bruising immediately.not “see” bruising immediately.
Parent and Coaches Guide
• Indications of a “new” bruise includeIndications of a “new” bruise include
* Redness of skin at the point of contact
* Warmth or heat in the area
* Swelling or mild deformity
Parent and Coaches Guide• What should I do if I suspect that What should I do if I suspect that
my child has a bruise?my child has a bruise?
* PRICE* Mild, active range of motion
* Protection from reinjury
Parent and Coaches Guide
• Myth #6
Not to worry, my child doesn’t have a concussion. He just has a headache.
Parent and Coaches Guide
• Cerebral Concussion –Grade 1 - Dazed and disoriented;
“bell rung”
–Grade 2 - Minor confusion/amnesia, headache, unsteady, tinnitus
Parent and Coaches Guide• Cerebral Concussion
–Grade 3 - Same symptoms as Grade 2 plus loss of memory of events before the injury
–Grade 4 - “Knocked out” plus loss of memory
Parent and Coaches Guide
• What symptoms should parents watch for at home?–Mild headaches and slight nausea
are common symptoms. Monitor child for next 24-48 hours to check for worsening symptoms.
Parent and Coaches Guide
• Do not give athlete aspirin
• If hungry, eat lightly
• Observe for worsening condition
Parent and Coaches Guide• Worsening Symptoms
* Dizziness, blurred vision
* Confusion, tinnitus
* Severe headache, disorientation
* Severe nausea or vomiting
Parent and Coaches Guide• Worsening Symptoms
* Pupils of eyes unequal in size or do not respond to light
* Bleeding from nose, ear canal or mouth
* Change of sensation or coordination of extremities
Parent and Coaches Guide
• DO NOT allow your child to return to participation until symptom free
• If symptoms do not lessen or significantly disappear in 2-3 days, contact physician
Just the Beginning…...
Thank YouPaula Sammarone Turocy, EdD, ATC
Liaison to Pennsylvania Congress of Parents and Teachers
www.gopats.org
Department Chair & Associate Professor
Duquesne University
122 Health Sciences Building
Pittsburgh, PA 15282
(412)396-4766