PARAMETRIC MODELLING - Umeå Institute of Design · design. Parametric modelling allows the...

MA Advanced Product DesignUmeå Institute of DesignAPD1 5ID101 Product Analysis & ConstructionFEBRUARY-MARCH 2013

PARAMETRIC MODELL INGProduc t ana l ys i s , So l i dWorks ,

rap id p ro to typ ing and work i ng p ro to types

Solid modeling (or modelling) is a consistent set of principles for mathematical and computer modeling of three dimensional solids. Solid modeling is distinguished from related areas of Geometric modeling and Computer graphics by its emphasis on physical fidelity. Together, the principles of geometric and solid modeling form the foundation of Computer-aided design and in general support the creation, exchange, visualization, anima-tion, interrogation, and annotation of digital models of physical objects.

The use of solid modeling techniques allows for the automation of several difficult engineering calculations that are carried out as a part of the design process. Simulation, planning, and verifi-cation of processes such as machining and assembly were one of the main catalysts for the development of solid modeling. More recently, the range of supported manufacturing applica-tions has been greatly expanded to include sheet metal manu-facturing, injection molding, welding, pipe routing etc. Beyond traditional manufacturing, solid modeling techniques serve as the foundation for rapid prototyping. Wikipedia.org

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BackgroundIt is becoming increasingly more important for industrial designers to be able to understand and communicate the technological aspects of the profession to other collaboration partners, especially due to the high degree of interaction with engi-neers. Many young industrial designers and design schools have been criticized by the profession in recent years because they lack a basic knowledge of materials and how products are constructed and produced. There are also many students that have no experience with parametric modelling. The alleviation of these prob-lems is one of the main goals of this course.

Course content and goalsThe purpose of the course is to introduce the complexities of product develop-ment and construction and the introduction and application of the CAID program SolidWorks. As there is a great diversity in the individual student’s knowledge of this software, the course will be based on individual tutoring adapted to the stu-dent’s level of skill with solid modelling software.

As a part of the course we will be doing a product analysis exercise in which a given type of product will be disassembled, analysed in terms of function, materi-als and construction. Discussions will be carried out concerning how and why the project was designed for production as it is, and how it could be improved, both technically and functionally. After this exercise the product’s existing electronic components should be drawn with the use of SolidWorks.

In the final phase of the project the product will be redesigned and produced by rapid prototyping and maybe even NC milling for the purpose of creating a full functional prototype of the new product using the original product’s components.

Bom view of radio componentsArtur Tchoukanov, APD 2009

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What is Parametric Modelling?Prior to the introduction of parametric modelling, most programs created engi-neering models via 2D drawings, 3D wireframes or 3D surface models. In each case, full product descriptions, down to the proper dimensioning scheme and tolerances, were impossible. This changed with the introduction of parametric modelling. Engineers and designers need a great degree of flexibility from their computer-aided design (CAD) software. Designing a given component or machine is only the first step in the designer’s work schedule. It is important that he or she will be able to follow up by making quick and easy hypothetical modifications to the design.Parametric modelling allows the designer to make these changes with a fair amount of ease. With parametric modelling, the designer needs only to change a few basic parameters and the entire model will adjust accordingly. Rather than combing through each component piece by piece, one only needs to shift some basic overall formulas and the changes will be effected.The changes made with parametric modelling are made through some fairly weighty mathematical equations. The high processing power of today’s computers allows for an ease of computation that never existed before today. Engineers can very easily use their CAD programs to test hypothetical designs with a degree of freedom that would have been unavailable to earlier engineers.In a parametric model, each entity, such as a boolean primitive, a line or arc in a wireframe, or a filleting operation, has parameters associated with it. These parameters control the various geometric properties of the entity, such as the length, width and height of a rectangular prism, or the radius of a fillet. They also control the locations of these entities within the model. These parameters can be changed by the operator as necessary to create the de-sired part. Parametric modellers that use a history-based method keep a record of how the model was built. When the operator changes parameters in the model and regenerates the part, the program repeats the operations from the history, using the new parameters, to create the new solid. There are many uses for this type of modelling. Designers can test various sizes of parts to determine which is the “best” part for their use by simply adjusting the model parameters and regen-erating the part.

This short and general explanation has been inspired by the following sources:http://alum.wpi.edu/~gregm/thesis/node11.htmlhttp://www2.ivcc.edu/perez/Parametric%20modeling.ht

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Work methodThis is a four-week course stretched over a five-week period, and will consist of lectures, individual instruction, product design, model building of a working pro-totype and a presentation. Most of the work will be done individually in the Top PC lab or by your work tables on your own computers. The course will be run by Tomas Lindehell, and (partly) Oscar Björk from the Umeå-based design consultancy Struktur Design AB. Some of the registration and analysis work will be carried out in teams, but the creative exercise and presentation will be individual work.A more detailed description of the five weeks can be found on the last page.

The course contains of the two following sections:

1) SolidWorks course (Approx. 1,5 weeks)The first weeks consist of a SolidWorks course based on differentiated tutoring with a number of small exercises. For experienced users, there will be the pos-sibility of working with new methods and parametric modelling. In the last phase of the course you will get support when you should prepare your files for rapid prototyping. Tomas Lindehell will be teaching these courses.

2) Product analysis / Theme exercise (Approx. 2,5 weeks) This section is divided into three phases:

2.1: Phase one concerns product analysis where you all will be given your own product to disassemble, analyse and work with. The different production methods and materials of this main product should be documented in the final presentation together with full-scale drawings of its various internal parts and components in SolidWorks - This can be done as a team.

2.2: Phase two will be carried out individually. Here you will be asked to cre-ate a new design based on the given product and the theme exercise. Your new design should be build in SolidWorks with the purpose of creating files for prototype production using Rapid Prototyping (RPT).

Theme exercise 2013: LED + FUNCTION ? = PRODUCT X

2.3: Phase three involves the finishing of the model and assembling with the original product’s components in order to create a full-functioning prototype. This phase ends with a presentation and evaluation.

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Course approvalDuring this course you will be approved based on:• Your attendance in the mandatory CAID classes and the completion of the • specified tutorials. • Your attendance at the tutoring sessions and completion of the creative tasks.• The completion of your new design in SolidWorks.• The completion of a working prototype with RPTed parts.• The digital submission of a PDF of your presentation documenting your work process and the final result: //apd2012/5. PM course/Results/”Name of student” Cooperating lecturersTomas Lindehell will be responsible for the introduction to SolidWorks and the Advanced CAID course.E-mail: [email protected] info: www.uid.umu.se/en/for-our-students/cad-and-caid/ma-rapid-prototyping/

Oscar Björk, an APD alumnus, now working part time as a consultant at Struk-tur Design, will be giving individual tutoring and support in SolidWorks during week 10.E-mail: [email protected]

Rickard Åström will give an introduction to the Interaction Workshop in week 1o. He will also be available part-time during the last week if any technical sup-port is needed during the assembling of your prototypes. E-mail: [email protected]

-Have solid fun!Thomas, February 2013

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Exploded view of radio componentsArtur Tchoukanov, APD 2009

Suggested websites for general information:http://www.uid.umu.se/en/for-our-students/cad-and-caid/- The schools website with practical information about CAD and CAID etc.

http://www.solidworks.com- The official website of SolidWorks. (Dassault Systèmes)

http://www.productbyprocess.com

- A website with examples and information about products and how their are manufactured.

http://www.designinsite.dk- A website with examples and information about materials and manufacturing.

http://alum.wpi.edu/~gregm/thesis/node11.html- A website which partly inspired the short and general introduction on page 4.

Suggested websites for advanced CAID tutorials:(Recommended by previous APD students)

http://www.dimontegroup.com/Tutorials/SolidWorks_Tutorials.htm- DiMonte group gets to some advanced SolidWorks surfaces tools, which basically tutors designers on how to recreate what they do in Alias, but in SolidWorks (start tutorials from bottom up).

http://www.productdesignforums.com/topic/230-solidworks-demo-for-industrial-design/- You might need to sign up for the website.

Week plan: Parametric Modelling 2013Remember to check the web schedule for changes.

Week 9

Monday25/02

Tuesday26/02

Wednesday 27/02

Thursday28/02

Friday01/03

09:00 - 12:00Green PC holken• Theme exercise• Product analysisTomas LindehellThomas Degn

09:00 - 16:00Top PC labSolidWorksTomas Lindehell





Notice:Toyota Boshoku visit 2013

Own work: “Product Board” for Friday (1h) + Initial ideation (3h)

15:00 - 17:00Blue roomProduct Board + Ideation feedbackThomas Degn

Week 10

Monday04/03

Tuesday05/03

Wednesday 06/03

Thursday 07/03

Friday08/03

Note: Tomas Lindehell will be away this week!

09:00 - 12:00IxD workshopG1 Intro. RÅ

09:00 - 12:00Blue roomFeedback on 1:1 IdeationOscar BjörkThomas Degn

13:00 - 12:00Top PC labSolidWorks Oscar Björk


09:00 - 12:00APD studioFeedback on 2D and foam ideation Thomas Degn

G2 - Own work:2D ideation in 1:1views (3h)

13:00 - 16:00IxD workshopG2 Intro. RÅ


School meetingOwn work: Sketch models in foam 1:1 (4h)

13:00-17:00Own work:Final design 2D (4h)G1 - Own work:

2D ideation in 1:1views (3h)

Week 11 Monday11/03

Tuesday12/03

Wednesday 13/03

Thursday 14/03

Friday15/03

Tomas Lindehell will be available for S0lidWorks support all week!

09:00-12:00Top PC labFreeze + present your designs.Start modelling!

Own work:SolidWorks Modelling




Finishing the SW modelling - Files ready for Monday

Own work:SolidWorks

Week 12 Monday18/03

Tuesday19/03

Wednesday 20/03

Thursday 21/03

Friday22/03

09:00 - 16:00Top PC labTomas L will help preparing RPT files

Field studies at MSB in Revinge!Leaving Umeå: Monday night.

Returning to Umeå: Friday morning.

Own work:Getting back and check up and clean RPTed parts.

Week 13 Monday25/03

Tuesday26/03

Wednesday 27/03

Thursday 28/03

Friday29/03

09:00 - 12:00Top PC labAdv. CAID



10:00 - 12:00Blue RoomPresentationTomas LindehellThomas Degn

Easter

13:00 - 16:00Own work:Finishing model

13:00 - 16:00Own work:Finishing model

13:00 - 16:00Own work:Presentation

13:00 - 16:00 Hand in deliverables

Mandatory CAID classes

Own workMandatory tutoring, feedback, presentations

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