Parallel Workshop Session: Workshop 1.3 Core-Periphery Challenges ESPON Internal Seminar 2012...

Parallel Workshop Session: Workshop 1.3

Core-Periphery Challenges

ESPON Internal Seminar 2012 “Territorial Development Opportunities in Europe and its

Neighbourhood Fostering Global Competitiveness”

• Introduction

• Presentation of Project Results I

• Main territorial trends or observations in relation to “territorial imbalances, regional disparities, polycentric development, resources efficiency”

• Influence of developments in Europe´s neighborhood on the territorial development in Europe and vice-versa

• Opportunities and challenges for Europe and its neighbourhood for increasing competitiveness through further cooperation and integration

• Coffee/Tea Break

• Presentation of Project Results II

• Policy Statement

• Plenary Discussion

• Concluding Statement

Structure of Workshop Session

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• At the end of the 1960’s, the world was characterised by a clear distinction between a small number of countries with high technology (USA, Northwest Europe, Japan) and a countries characterized by export of primary products.

• By the beginning of the 21st century, there was a growing difference between the group of countries that export energy or mineral resources and the industrialised countries.

• In Europe the EU has integrated new Member States into its economy: it has become stronger itself instead of seeing neighbours developing into new global players.

• At the same time, there are growing international players in the neighbourhood of the EU, notably Russia, Turkey, Tunisia, and Morocco.

Stimulus map

Countries´s profiles for trade exports, 1967-2006

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Workshop 1.3 – key questions for ESPON projects

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1. What are the main territorial trends or observations from the project - for Europe, its regions and cities - in relation to “territorial imbalances, regional disparities, polycentric development, resources efficiency”?

2. How do developments in Europe´s neighborhood influence the territorial development in Europe and vice-versa?

3. What opportunities and challenges exists for Europe and its neighbourhood for increasing competitiveness through further cooperation and integration?

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1. What are the main territorial trends or observations from the project - for Europe, its regions and cities - in relation to “territorial imbalances, regional disparities, polycentric development, resources efficiency”?

Parallel Workshop Session: Workshop 1.3Core-Periphery Challenges

GEOSPECS ExperiencesGeographic Specificities and Development Potentials in Europe



GEOSPECS categories

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Development opportunities and challenges in specific types of territories:

•Mountain areas,•Islands,•Sparsely populated areas,•Outermost regions,•Border regions,•Coastal areas,•Inner peripheries.

GEOSPECS categories

GEOSPECS categories

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Nexus models - mountains

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Nexus models – coastal zones

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Core and periphery?

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Core and periphery?

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Core and periphery?

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The Alps are less urbanised

and partly less accessible

but are they a periphery?

Core and periphery

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Core and periphery

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The Alps are a centre for tourism

Inner peripheries

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Canot be delineated

a priori

Complex and uniquepatterns of peripherality

Inner peripheries

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Birth mortality:

Stronger gradients

along external borders

Neighbourhood: borders of Europe

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Employment rates:

More complex picture

Neighbourhood: borders of Europe

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Neighbourhood of Outermost regions

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66% of exports go to the European Union

Limited trade relations with neighbouring countries


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GDP is over 5 times higherthan in the most developedneighbouring countries


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GREECO ExperiencesRegional Potential for a Greener Economy



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Main territorial trends in relation to “territorial imbalances, regional disparities, polycentric development, and resources efficiency”?

1. The challenge of ressource accessibility

2. The challenge of path-dependency

3. The challenge of Catching up

4. The challenge of moving in the right direction

GREECO

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GREECO

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GREECO

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GREECO

Delinking energy consumption from employment growth in Europe.

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GREECO

Delinking energy consumption from employment growth in Europe.


SIESTA ExperiencesSpatial Indicators for a Europe 2020 Strategy Territorial Analysis



Parallel Workshop Session: Workshop 1.3

Core-Periphery ChallengesBSR-TeMo Experiences



1. What are the main territorial trends or observations from your project - for Europe, its regions and cities - in relation to “territorial imbalances, regional disparities, polycentric development, resources efficiency”?

• Since we don’t have any results yet I include the geographical coverage and suggestion of indicators – to show what trends we intend to measure (and where).

• For the Baltic See Region, we know that the 3 divides (North-South, East-West, Urban-rural) are quite important and we hope to assess to what extent these impact on the development of the macro region. We will also asses the disparities within the BSR and asses trends in “territorial development/cohesion”.

• We will also focus on disparities across boarders to Russia and Belarus and look at differences within the group of boarder regions.

BSR-TeMo

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BSR-TeMo - Coverage and scale

Country NUTS2 NUTS3

Belarus Oblasts 7 Rayons (sNUTS4) 118 (130)

Denmark Regioner 5 Landsdeler 11

Estonia Country 1 Groups of Maakond 5

Finland Storomraden 5 Landskap 20

Germany Regierungsbezirke 8 Kreise / kreisfreie Städte

66

Latvia Country 1 Regioni 6

Lithuania Country 1 Apskritys 10

Norway Regions 7 Fylker 19

Poland Województwa 16 Podregiony 66

Russia Oblasts 7 Rayons (sNUTS4) 123

Sweden Riksomraden 8 Län 21

Domains 1. Economic performance and competitiveness 2. Access to services markets and jobs 3. Innovative territories

Baltic raster / Normative aspect of domain

Place based Economic development. Development of territorial assets/territorial capital. Context indicators

Balancing territorial development, diminishing territorial divides or alleviating their consequences. Maintaining at least the existing polycentricity level of the settlement structure. Ensuring accessibility, connectivity and parity of access to transport and ICT infrastructure, development of TEN-T.

Ensuring high quality of urban nodes, and their networking with focus on diffusion of innovation and enhancement of knowledge-based development. Emergence and development of regional clusters of competition and innovation.

Macroeconomic development Accessibility Human capital endowmentsGDP/capita Access to main and secondary cities and towns Population with tertiary education (25-64 years)

GDP/person employed Accessibility potential by road Employment in technology and knowledge-intensive sectors (manufacturing and services)

Total GVA per economic branch (primary, manufacturing, services)

Accessibility potential by rail Financial and institutional endowments

Total employment per economic branch (primary, manufacturing, services)

Accessibility potential by air Gross domestic expenditure on R&D(private and non-private sector)

Labour market Access to (IC) train stations Patent applications filed to the EPOUnemployment rate, total Multi-modal accessibility Employment rate (20-64 years) Households with access to internet at home Demography Territorial functionalityNet migration rate Population potential within 50km Total population change Gender imbalances (ratio of male-female aged 25-39)Demographic dependency ratio(s) Functional areas (nr overlapping at one municipality)Economic dependency ratio(s) Border crossings

Domains 4. Social inclusion and Quality of life 5. Environmental qualities 6. Territorial cooperation and governance

Baltic raster / Normative aspect of domain

Brought forward on the VASAB-TPG workshop in Potsdam, as result of present economic, financial and social crisis in Europe

Wise use of the sea space. Eco-resilience: i.e. green networks, ecological corridors and preservation of areas of high ecological value. Development of renewable energy resources (also on the sea) and the BSR transmission grid.

Territorially-oriented governance (incl. vertical and horizontal integration of policies).

Social inclusion Soil sealing (change over time) Regional partnershipAt-risk-of-poverty rate Air pollution (nr of days PM10 exceeds norm value) Cooperation project intensity (nr of projects/region)Severe material deprivation rate Land consumption by transport (% of total area) Cooperation degree (nr of project partners/region)Youth unemployment rate (15-24 years) Eutrophication (Helcom HEAT index)Health Fragmentation index Life expectancy at birth in yearsSelf-assessed general health status

SUB-DOMAINS AND

INDICATORS

SUB-DOMAINS AND

INDICATORS

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2. How do developments in Europe´s neighborhood influence the territorial development in Europe and vice-versa?

GREECO

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2. The influence of Europe´s neighborhood on the territorial development in Europe

1. Conflict of interests

2. Demographic challenges

2. How do developments in Europe´s neighbourhood influence the territorial development in Europe and vice-versa?

• Obviously economic development, social situation, infrastructure, environmental development, for Russia and Belarus, will impact not only neighboring regions but the entire Europe.

• However, the immediate impacts are of higher importance for the BSR since the position (geographically as well as traditionally) as ‘gateway’ region to Russia is a huge potential.

• This includes access to markets (imports as well as exports), transboundary environmental problems and crime, better boarder infrastructure for business and tourism. Migrations is also important (in-migration into Europe, and where migration flows go to). Also the question of new transport infrastructures or new communication and cooperation channels need to be established (for instance, towards St. Petersburg).

BSR-TeMo

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GREECO

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3. Opportunities and challenges for Europe and its neighbourhood for increasing competitiveness through further cooperation and integration

1. Integrating different components of Green Growth

2. Interacting across borders

3. Specializing


• The existence of the BSR macro region is in itself an opportunity for development based on further integration (e.g. labour markets) and coordination in this region.

• Challenges include reducing “red rape” in simplifying business across the EU/Russian/Belarusian territories and boarder crossings. There are already some cooperation going on to simplify the interaction across boarder regions in particular the Baltic countries and Finland.

• VASAB is an opportunity in itself in that it is a platform for cooperation with Russia and Belarus, it is cooperation at ministerial level which adds weight to the network. Also the fact that they can agree on a common strategy for the BSR shows that it is a grounding basis for future work. Our project adds to understanding the integration in the region as we intend to monitor the entire BSR including these countries as well.

BSR-TeMo

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Stimulus map

Countries´s profiles for trade exports, 1967-2006

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Parallel Workshop Session: Workshop 1.3 Core-Periphery Challenges ESPON Internal Seminar 2012...

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