WIRELESS IRRIGATION SYSTEM FOR RURAL INDIA USING

ZIGBEE/X-BEE AND DTMF CODE

BHUWAM BHASKAR DIXIT, ABHINAV KUMAR SINGH

DEPT. OF TELECOMM. SRM UNIVERSITY,CHENNAI

bhuwamdixit@gmail.com,abhinav_singh95@hotmail.com

1. INTRODUCTION 2. PROBLEM STATEMENT 3. KEYWORDS 4. PROPOSED SYSTEM 5. WORKING 6 EXTENSIONS 7. FUTURE PURPOSE

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION• Agriculture in India has a significant history. Today, India ranks

second worldwide in farm output.

• Indian economy is mainly based on agriculture. The most important parameter for the agriculture is timely and sufficient supply of water.

• Most of the farmers are dependent on electric water pumps for irrigation which demands electricity. The frequent, intermittent, low voltage supply of power to the agriculture sector has caused problems to the farmers who are spending their time monitoring the supply of power without which their work cannot start.

STATS

• Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry and fisheries accounted for 13.9% of the GDP in 2011-2012 (at 2004-2005 prices), about 50% of the total workforce.

• Today, India ranks second in the world in farm output with 64% of cultivated land dependent on monsoons.

• Irrigation accounts for 55-70% of water usage in India.

• Nearly 60% of the water used in irrigation is wasted.

STATS

• India is the country of agriculture. Most of the people of India live in villages and are fully dependent on agriculture for their livelihood and agriculture is responsible for driving India’s economy.

• Most of the farmers are dependent on tube Wells for irrigation and supply of power to agricultural areas is limited to only a fixed hour in a day which is not always predictable.

• The frequent power cuts and low voltage supply create big hurdle to the farmer and thus it needs continuous manual monitoring.

• The proposed system a farmer can monitor power on/off from anywhere using the proposed system and he can switch on or off the motor from anywhere far from the actual field.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

• The proposed system solves following problems:-

i. Normally farms are very far from the house so, irrigation needs traveling which causes Inconvenience and fuel consumption.

ii. Irregularity of power supply may lead to do irrigation at odd timing.

iii. Pesticides are harmful to the farmers because they are present in the field when pesticide is sprayed.

iv. The problem of thieves/robbers/ antisocial elements at the field is also significant.

In this system we had focused basically on switching an irrigation motor ON/OFF wirelessly from house of the farmer.

In a recent study, it was found that the average distance of farmer’s house to his field is around 2km. approx. Our system deals with a range of approximately 3200 metres.

A switching device basically a box, comprising the two buttons for ON and OFF is installed in the house, which in turn is connected to a zigbee/x-bee Transreciever which wirelessly transmits to a base station by using XBee-PRO technology.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

The base station or the irrigation site, mainly comprises of the following components: X-bee/zigbee transceiver pair Temperature sensor(LM3580) Relay and relay driver or simply a motor driver IC-

L2939NE. IRRIGATION MOTOR MICRO-CONTROLLER (say ARDUINO-UNO) LCD FOR MONITORING MOTOR TEMPERATURE

BASE STATION

Xbee Pro Technology • The focus of network applications

under the IEEE 802.15.4 / ZigBee standard include the features of low power consumption, needed for only two major modes (Tx/Rx or Sleep), high density of nodes per network, low costs and simple implementation.

 • The number of channels allotted to

each frequency band is fixed at sixteen (numbered 11-26), one (numbered 0) and ten (numbered 1-10) respectively. The higher frequency band is applicable worldwide, and the lower band in the areas of North America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand.

ARDUINO INTERFACING

Why Xbee Technology??• Power saving, as a result of the short

working period, low power consumption of communication, and standby mode

• Reliability: Collision avoidance is adopted, with a special time slot allocated for those communications that need fixed bandwidth so that competition and conflict are avoided when transmitting data. The MAC layer adopts completely confirmed data transmission, that is, every data packet sent must wait for the confirmation from the receiver.

• Low cost of the modules, and the ZigBee protocol is patent fee free.

• Offers excellent performance in low SNR environments.

• Relays are electro magnetically operated switches.• An actuating current on a coil operates one or more galvanically separated contacts or load circuits. In other words, A relay is an electrical switch that opens and closes under the control of another electrical circuit.• In the original form, the switch is operated by an electromagnet to open or close one or many sets of contacts. Because a relay is able to control an output circuit of higher power than the input circuit, it can be considered, in a broad sense, to be a form of an electrical amplifier.

 

RELAY FUNCTION

The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensor. The LM35 is rated to operate over a −55° to +150°C temperature range.The proposed system maintains the temperature range between 24C to 35C. This value manually is changed according to the seasonal temperature using the manual mode.

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

At present, the system proposed in this paper can fully solve the problem of switching irrigation motor from farmer’s house & in future it can be applied to the rural areas of our country.

The demerit of the proposed system is limited range. This can be mitigated by applying repeaters.

The working range of the proposed system can be drastically increased if TRAI( Telecom regulatory authority of India)allows the usage of frequency bands which are banned for civil usage.

ROAD AHEAD

THANK YOU!!