I. INTRODUCTION

Socio-economic and culture associated with the use and release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) tend to get a little attention compared to the natural science and technology. This trend indicates, the debate in the adequacy of the use and release of GMOs is a matter of scientific-technical. It is only open to scientists and experts whos working in this field. Just a few literature that discusses socio-economic considerations GMOs.

GMO has been get a lot of interest among the people of the world. People began to think about the safety and health of the products of this GMO. In essence, Genetically Modified Organism (GMOs) offers the conveniences in agriculture to help increase agricultural production. But, is there contributes Genetically Modified Organism in economic field?

As a society and a consumer, maybe we have a thousands of questions why does GMOs still exist and can growth rapidly. There will be many reasons to answer this question. This paper will discuss about the benefits of GMOs in the economy, how its role in developing the economy, and the dangers of GMOs. Hopefully, this paper can be useful.

II. CONTENT

1. Definition

A genetically modified organism (GMO) is an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.

In Public Understanding of Biotechnology article, A genetically modified organism (GMO) is an organism (plant, animal, bacteria or virus) whose genetic makeup has been modified for a particular purpose.

2. The Processes of Genetic Engineering

There are some examples of transgenic plants and animals:a. GloFish, the first genetically modified animal to be sold as a pet b. Monsantos corn

c. Suntory "blue" rose

3. The Advantages of GMO

a. EffectivenessGM (genetically modified) plants are already being cultivated as crops and consumed by humans and animals. Using genetic engineering, new improved varieties of crops can be produced more quickly than with conventional breeding methods.

b. Increasing productivityCrops can be modified to have valuable characteristics such as tolerance to drought and herbicides, resistance to disease and insects, as well as improved nutritional content.

c. Economic growthGMO will reduce the cost of production by eliminating the use of some chemicals like pesticide and also increase yields by 12-25 percent. If we have excess agricultural products, we can export it.

4. The Disadvantages of GMO

a. High costIn order to do this activities, requires special genetic engineering skills, need to use many chemical materials like enzyme, and special laboratory.b. The products will be expensiveTo get profit, the price must be higher than the cost. As we know, to produce products by genetic engineering is needed high cost. So, the price of the product will be very expensive.

c. Income gapIn agricultural, transgenic seeds are usually sold at a standard price in a country where the seeds are commercialized, where the same price applies to all farmers, whether rich or poor. So, it will just increase income among rich farmers who will contribute to investement and job creation in rural areas.

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III. CONCLUSION

Genetic engineering development has economic potential in :1. Increasing economic growth of a country2. Increasing effectiveness3. Increasing productivity

But it also have disadvantages such as :1. High cost2. Expensive products, and 3. Result income gap in agricultural.

REFERENCES

Gertsberg, Deniza. 2013. What GMO Consensus?. March 5th, 2014 Gertsberg, Deniza. 2013. Loss of Biodiversity and Genetically Modified Crops. March 5th, 2014 Article: Genetically Modified Organism (GMOs). www.pub.ac.za. Accessed: March 3rd, 2014Article: GMO Facts. http://www.nongmoproject.org. Accessed: March 5th, 2014.Article: Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs): Transgenic Cropsand Recombinant DNA Technology. http://www.nature.com. Accessed: March 3rd, 2014.Article: Genetically Modified Organism. http://en.wikipedia.org. Accessed: March 5th, 2014.

NATURAL SCIENCE BASICPAPER The Advantages and Disadvantages ofGenetically Modified Organism in Economic

GROUP: GOLDMEMBERS:

Diki Asrulson (1310542005)Disa Roza Viandri (1310531009)Dwi Muthia Antesa (1310511011)Muhammad Fahrul (1310532022)Tika Gusmawarni (1310531067)

ECONOMIC FACULTYANDALAS UNIVERSITYPADANG