Pap smear
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Transcript of Pap smear
PAP SMEAR
WHAT IS PAP SMEAR TEST??
Is obtaining sample of exfoliated cell (dead cells that are shed) @ simple test to look at cervical cells
The specimen should be obtained 2 weeks after the first day of LMP taken by brushing or scraping.
PURPOSE
To detect early cancer of the cervix
To determine estrogen activity related to menopause or endocrine abnormalities.
WHEN TO DO PAP SMEAR?
All women have initial pap smear test no later than 21 years old
3 years after onset of sexual intercourse
After initial test, have annually or biannually
After age 30, because screened for 2-3 years unless has high factor developing cervical cancer
EQUIPMENT FOR VE PAP SMEAR
Vulva swabbing set •Container Vaginal speculum - Mask Receiver -Vaginal speculum Savlon -Torch light Perianal drapes -Cytobrush,Thin
prep Sterile glove -Incopad KY jelly -Swab sticks for
HVS Specimen Form
Vagina speculum
Cytobrush,Ayre’s spatula and thin prep
Thin prepAyer’s spatula
KY jelly Swab stick for HVS
PREPARATION BEFORE :
Nurse should advise patient to make an appointment other than during menstruation
Before appoiment : 1.Avoid intercourse for 2 days 2.Refrain from douching for 1 day 3.Cease the use of vaginal medication
for at least 48 hours.
PRE-PROCEDURE
1. Inform and explain the procedure to patient
2. Advice patient to void.3. Provide privacy.4. Assistant position Lithotomy to her on
examining table5. Drape patient permit minimal
exposure.
DURING PROCEDURE1. Explaining the procedure as
needed.2. Encourage patient to take deep
breaths- help the pelvic muscles relax.
3. Give support to the patient.4. Assist Dr in doing pap smear.5. Help to open the set.6. Help to focus the torch light to
perinea area of patient.
Insertion of speculum
POST-PROCEDURE1. Observed any discharge from the
vagina.2. Perineal care as needed.3. Assist patient from the dorsal
recumbent /Lithotomy position to supine position.
4. Documentation.5. Sent the specimen to Laboratory
with the form.
Normal: negative means there is no identifiable infection.
ASCUS :presence of a high-risk infection with HPV. Low-Grade changes: frequently due to infection
with HPV, which in some instances can be a risk for cervical cancer.
High-Grade changes: very atypical cells that may result in cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma: cancer is evident and requires immediate attention.
HEALTH EDUCATION
1.Tell patient to inform any excessive bleeding after procedure(a little bid bleeding is normal.)
2.Instruct patient to follow up the procedure at least annually or biannually.(Depend on results)