Paola Sassi
Transcript of Paola Sassi
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Dr. Paola
SassiStrategies On SustainableArchitecture
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Main
EnvironmentalIssues
Global warming Global warming dewhich greenhouse gases accumulateabnormally high amounts, trapping tcausing its temperature to rise signito environmental problems such as cpatterns, rising sea levels and expan
Pollution Pollution of air, water andburning of fossil fuels, industrial pro
and other human activities, is endanbiodiversity and the built environme
Ozone depletion Ozone shields the(UV) radiation and its depletion is cachlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and othsubstances into the atmosphere. Incare thought to be linked to a rise in sto the human immune system, and a
Water A third of the world populati
to safe water and, as the global popufor water will grow, as will waste anincreasingly threaten the quality of g
Resources Some non-renewable resnatural gas and petroleum resourcesdepleted. The economically viable exabundant mineral ores may also be lresources, such as timber, are also at
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Main
EnvironmentalIssues
Deforestation Deforestation throuconversion of forest land to agricultactivities causes the destruction of extinction of plant and animal speceffects of global warming and pollu
Soil degradation Urbanisation, con
agriculture and deforestation can cSoil erosion, increased salination, adrainage capacity and fertilisation cincrease the risk of flooding and de
Waste Increasing amounts of wastelandfill sites, which pollute air, soil for more incineration, which pollutgenerally toxic residue.
Extinction of flora and fauna The
rates of plant and animal species arenvironmental damage to our plane
Population Global population growincreases in the human-induced enmentioned above.
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Environmentalimpactsassociatedwith the
construction, inthe UK
Buildings are responsible forenergy consumption
Buildings account for 25 per ceoxide emissions and 10 per cen
In 1997, the construction indusper cent of the water pollution wales
Construction work on site is resnoise complaints
6 tonnes of materials per perso
30 million tonnes per year of exestimated to arise from constru
30 million tonnes of waste ariseeach year
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Action for the
constructionindustry
The Department of Trade and InduConstruction Brief suggests the foll
for the construction industry:
design for minimum waste
lean construction and minimise w
minimise energy in construction a
do not pollute
preserve and enhance biodiversit
conserve water resources
respect people and local environm
monitor and report
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Action for the
constructionindustry
The Department of Trade and InduConstruction Brief suggests the foll
for the construction industry:
design for minimum waste
lean construction and minimise w
minimise energy in construction a
do not pollute
preserve and enhance biodiversit
conserve water resources
respect people and local environm
monitor and report
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Addressing
sustainabledesign
Issues to be recommended for co
Land and ecologyUse of brownfield sitesReuse of existing buildingsAppropriate densityInvestment in landscaping
Public transportNew pedestrian routesEffects on micro-climates
CommunityConsultation with the local commMixed developmentContribution to the economic andAmenity of the wider areaVisual amenity spaceAesthetic excellenceCollaborative enterprise involving
HealthComfort for building inhabitantsMaximum use of natural light
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Addressing
sustainabledesign
Materialsconservation of natural resourcesuse of recycled materialslow embodied energy materialsrenewable materials from a verifi
no ozone-depleting chemicalsno volatile organic compound ma
Energyhighest standards of energy efficirenewable energy sourcesuse of natural ventilationuse of passive solar energyuser-friendly building managemeexploiting the constant ground teuse of planting for shading and co
Waterefficient use of waterharvesting rainwater and greywaminimising rainwater run-off
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A sustainable
site and landuse
A sustainable site and land use
Select the development site withSelect sites with public transport Select sites with existing or potenpedestrians and cyclists
Select sites with low ecological vaSelect sites, the development of wthe community
Use land efficientlyConsider the needs of the commuCreate viable and attractive develConsider mixed use developmentDesign to appropriately high densBuild on previously used and dere
Minimise impact of development
Protect local natural habitatsEnhance existing and introduce nEnhance potential for pedestriansInclude food production opportun
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A sustainable
site and landuse
A sustainable site and land use
Select the development site withSelect sites with public transport Select sites with existing or potenpedestrians and cyclists
Select sites with low ecological vaSelect sites, the development of wthe community
Use land efficientlyConsider the needs of the commuCreate viable and attractive develConsider mixed use developmentDesign to appropriately high densBuild on previously used and dere
Minimise impact of development
Protect local natural habitatsEnhance existing and introduce nEnhance potential for pedestriansInclude food production opportun
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Assessing thelevel of
environmentalimpacts
IPAT is a formula to assess environconsiders factors that negatively affas well as those that positively affec
Impact = population x affluen
Where:the higher the population, the hig
the higher the affluence, the higheconsumption and therefore the imp
the more developed the technologefficiencies and the lower the envir
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Assessing thelevel of
environmentalimpacts
IPAT is a formula to assess environconsiders factors that negatively affas well as those that positively affec
Impact = population x affluen
Where:the higher the population, the hig
the higher the affluence, the higheconsumption and therefore the imp
the more developed the technologefficiencies and the lower the envir
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Case Study :
Appropriate highdensities
The PointBristol, UK
Client: Crosby Special ProjectsArchitect: Feilden Clegg BradleyConsultation: BDORTown planning: Chapman WarrenServices engineers: BME PartnersStructural engineers: Clarke BondLandscape architect: Cooper PartQuantity surveyor: Cyril SweettMain contractor: SkanskaCompleted: 2002
The town houses and the top floor flats of the four-storey blocks have roof terraces
with views over the river.
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Sustainabledesign features
Site and ecologyThe development was busite and formspart of a city regeneratioBristol.
Community and culturThe local community wathe design stage.Community facilities succhildrens play area,shop and communal gard
HealthThe dwellings benefit frolight and are easily heate
A childrens play area is situated on the southside of the housing development.
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Sustainabledesign features
EnergyThe dwellings are well inairtight and heated efficibiggest problem to overc
was the conflict betweendevelopment towards thaccess and towards the nthe river.
All dwellings benefit from good natural light and views of the river
and the surrounding city.
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Designing for
sustainablecommunities
Recognising and enhancapitalRespect individuality aIdentify and know the s
Encourage community ownership.Encourage and value coinvolvement.Support and facilitate cinitiatives.Encourage and enhanc
Providing basic needsProvide decent housingConsider opportunitiesand employment.Ensure all environmentaccessible and safe.
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Designing for
sustainablecommunities
Enhancing the quality oRecognise the impact oenvironment oncommunity activities andConsider provision of aand leisure facilities.
Ensure a quality publicProvide public and privenvironments for peopleEncourage community providing attractive, compublic environments of h
Promoting sustainabili
Educate, discuss, agree
sustainable design with aDesign buildings as eduexplicit explanations or dsystems used.
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The new visionfor urban living
The new vision for urbVibrant and successful be created:
where people shape thown communities
where people can live i
and buildings
spaces which are moresustainable with less noitraffic congestion
spaces which are prosppeople to develop their fu
spaces which offer gooincluding health, educatitransport, finance, shoppprotection from crime
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Case study:Sharing culture
Uluru Kata Tjuta NatioCultural CentreUluru Kata Tjuta NationaNorthern Territory, AustClient: Mufifjulu CommuAustralia Environment Australia
Architects: Gregory BurLandscape Architects: TStructural Engineers: PAssociates
Services Engineers: W. AssociatesMain Contractor: SitzlerSpringsCompleted: 1995
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Case study:Sharing culture
Site and ecologyThrough the provision ocultural centre helpsprotect the landscape.Community and cultur
Mutual understanding bpeopleThe process of learning different culturesHealthThe natural materials seprovide a healthyindoor environment.WaterWater is collected in tandrinking.Sewage is treated locallyclearwater.
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Case study:Sharing culture
MaterialsThe foundations are madearth. The building is madpoles and infilled with 90made with local soil with cent of bitumen added for
bricks are covered with asoil and water. Panelling amade of radially sawn timefficient use of material. Troof and blood wood shinover plywood sheeting anmembrane, mixing traditicontemporary technologi
EnergyThe building was designeventilated, withmechanical ventilation toThermal mass isprovided by the wall and
The timber post
construction is filled in
with earth bricks covered
with earth plaster
Timber and copper shingles on the roof.