Panellus stipticus - New Jersey MushroomsPanellus stipticus Resembling miniature oyster mushrooms,...

WHAT’S INSIDE:President’s Message ...................................................................................... 2Editor’s Notes ................................................................................................. 2Tina Ellor, March 22 .................................................................................... 3Christian Schwarz, April 19 ................................,....................................... 3Robert Blanchette (Sang Park Lecture Series), May 17 ......................... 3In Memory of Douglas Eveleigh ................................................................ 4Book Review: e Field Guide to Citizen Science .................................... 5Bytes, Bits, & Bites ..................................................................... begins on 5My Outreach Experience ............................................................................. 6Calendar of Upcoming Events .................................................................... 7Who’s In A Name?......................................................................................... 8Culinary Group revival ................................................................................ 92020 Foray Schedule .................................................................................. 10Tomentella species ..................................................................................... 11Fermenting Mushrooms ........................................................................... 12Mushroom Evolution ................................................................................ 12

NJMA OFFICERS

President - Frank MarraVice-President - Sue McClarySecretary - Stefanie BiermanTreasurer - Igor Safonov

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Payable for calendar yearIndividual: $10.00 (online newsletter)

$35.00 (hardcopy newsletter)Family: $15.00 (online newsletter)$40.00 (hardcopy newsletter)Mail checks (payable to NJMA) to:Igor Safonov115 E. Kings Hwy., Unit #348Maple Shade, NJ 08052-3478

NJMA WEBSITE

www.njmyco.orgJim Barg, Jack Barnett, Bob Hosh

NJMA NEWS

Editor:Jim Richards211 Washington StreetHackettstown, NJ [email protected]

Art director:Jim [email protected]

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Deadline for submissions:10th of even-numbered months.

Send newsletter submissions ONLY to the Editor.

All other correspondence should besent to the Secretary:Stefanie Bierman407R Indiana AvenueLong Branch, NJ [email protected]

NJMA EVENTS HOTLINE

908-227-0872 for information onNJMA events or cancellations due tobad weather. It is NOT for generalinquiries or to contact officers!

VOLUME 50-2 MARCH - APRIL 2020

PHOTO BY JIM BARG

Panellus stipticus

Resembling miniature oyster mushrooms,this wood-decayer is well known for its biolumi-

nescent properties. Next time you find them,take them home and cozy up in the dark!

http://www.njmyco.orgmailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.castleprinters.commailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

2NJMA NEWS

PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE

NJMA stands for New Jersey Mycological Association.So why not say NJ Mushroom Association? Well DaveWasilewski used the term “citizen scientist” a few yearsago. His comment made me think: A scientist issomeone who wants to increase the knowledge of thenatural world. A mycological association is aboutknowledge, which includes and goes beyond justfinding a few edible mushrooms. e spirit of the clubhas been to seek knowledge in a helpful, sharing andgenerous way.

“e Best of 2019” (a review of the best finds of theprevious year) was the topic of the January 26th 2020meeting. is is a perfect example of how the clubstrives to promote knowledge. All the work JohnBurghardt does to maintain the NJMA Foray SpeciesList makes him a citizen scientist. I want to thank himand also thank our other speakers (and citizen scien-tists) Luke Smithson, Maricel Patino, Igor Safonov andDorothy Smullen. e diversity of fungi presented alsoexplains why we are the NJ Mycological Associationand not just a mushroom club.

– Frank Marra

WELCOME TO THEONLINE EDITION OF NJMANEWSFor the great majority of you who are viewing the online PDF of thisnewsletter, please note that most web links and email addressesare clickable. Clicking on a blueweb or email address will launchyour web browser and take you to the specified page or open youremail software so you can send an instant email. Just look for the“click finger” when you hover your mouse over these items.

....

Visit the NJMADiscussion Group

http://tinyurl.com/jjualgz

NJMA News is published bimonthly by theNew Jersey Mycological Association.

Annual subscription price is included inNJMA membership annual dues.

Except where noted, articles may be copied orreprinted with credit given

to the author(s) and NJMA News.

Views expressed herein do not implyNew Jersey Mycological Association endorsement.

EDITOR’S NOTESIt is intriguing how, sometimes things come together,mycologically speaking. We just had our Mycophagyprogram (write-up in the next issue) and our Marchspeaker is Tina Ellor, from Phillips Mushroom Farms,who donated the mushrooms for the event.

In April, we have Christian Schwarz talking oncommunity involvement with fungi. In this issue, onpage 5, we have Dave Wasilewski’s review of The FieldGuide to Citizen Science from Timber Press.

Back to Mycophagy: For contrast, the week before ourcooking demonstration, I attended another mushroomcooking class at a location that will remain nameless.e mushrooms, grown in New Jersey, were spectacular.A lot of attention was paid to the fact that the recipeswere vegan, and the ingredients were all detailed as totheir beneficial values. e only problem was that thefood was tasteless. Cooks have to get back to realizingthat with food, the most important thing is taste! Whichbrings me to the Culinary Group’s Mushroom Sampleron Saturday, April 11th. Space is still available, see thedetails in the Calendar and on page 9.

I am hoping that by the next newsletter, we will begetting reports (and photos! Lots of photos!) of greatearly mushroom finds. You can do your duty as aCitizen Scientist and enjoy your early finds as amycophagist and support NJMA by contributing toyour newsletter.

– Jim Richards

http://tinyurl.com/jjualgzhttp://tinyurl.com/jjualgzhttps://www.facebook.com/groups/720347348096916https://www.facebook.com/groups/720347348096916https://www.facebook.com/groups/720347348096916

3NJMA NEWS

Sunday, March 22 • 1:30pmFrelinghuysen Arboretum

AT OUR MEETING ON SUNDAY, APRIL 19TH

CHRISTIAN SCHWARZ “BOTTOMS UP! COMMUNITY SCIENCE AND THENORTH AMERICAN MYCOFLORA PROJECT”

What do we know about where mushrooms live, theirdiversity, and how to identify them? What don’t weknow? Why does it matter at all? What is a citizen scien-tist? We’ll discuss these questions and more in hopes ofleaving you feeling empowered to contribute your expe-riences to the book we are all writing together – eField Guide to Life on Earth.

Christian Schwarz is a naturalist currently living inSanta Cruz, the land of milk (caps) and honey (mush-rooms). He studied Ecology and Evolution at UCSC,and now spends his time photographing, researching,collecting, and teaching about macrofungi. He is coau-thor of Mushrooms of the Redwood Coast. Fungi satisfyhis curiosity with their seemingly endless forms – fromthe grotesque to the bizarre, to the sublimely beautiful.Besides dabbling in mushroom taxonomy, he loves fish,plants, nudibranchs, moths, and dragonflies. He ispassionate about citizen science, especially iNaturalist.

Our meeting will be held at the FrelinghuysenArboretum in Morristown on April 19th from 1:30 to4:00pm.

SANG PARK LECTURE SERIES, SUNDAY, MAY 17TH

ROBERT BLANCHETTEA SPECIAL MEETING AT THE FRELINGHUYSEN ARBORETUM

On Sunday, May 17th, our Sang Park Lecture Seriescontinues with Robert Blanchette, who is a professor at theUniversity of Minnesota in the Department of PlantPathology. e title of his talk will be “Historic Uses of ForestFungi: Shaman, Emperors and Supernatural Mushrooms”.

Over the past 3+ decades, he has taught classes andcarried out research in mycology, forest pathology andwood microbiology. His research includes studies tobetter understand the biology and ecology of fungi thatgrow on wood and recent studies include the Ganodermalucidum complex in North and South America, mecha-nisms fungi use to decay wood, subterranean fungi inmines and caves, fungal diversity in the Arctic andAntarctic, ethnomycology and others. He has workedclosely with curators and conservators to identify fungi inmuseum collections and has assembled information onthe extraordinary historic uses of forest fungi.

e presentation will provide information on howindigenous peoples from different regions of the worldutilize fungi including several fungi used by shamanthat were thought to have supernatural powers. Hisresearch in Asia has revealed information on howGanoderma and other fungi were used, including theirimperial use by Chinese Emperors. Many of the fungithat will be discussed are polypores or bracket fungithat grow on trees. Since they grow in many areas of thenorthern United States, including New York and NewJersey, photos of these fungi will be shown and theircharacteristics discussed so you can become morefamiliar with identifying them.

is is a special meeting which falls outside of our wintermeeting dates. It is part of the Sang Park Lecture Series,which is made possible through the estate of the late SangPark, one of our most dedicated veteran members.

wastes into biofuels. His research on enzymes from thesoil fungus Trichoderma is a cornerstone of severalcontemporary commercial ventures in bioenergy andhis fungal strains continue to be used in industrialfermentation around the world. Moreover, some of themutant strains he isolated for the Army while at Natickproduced enzymes used to this day to "eat away" atcotton in denim fabrics, giving them the distressed,worn-out look desired by the fashion industry. He hadnumerous other research interests, ranging from thenitrogen-fixing bacterial symbionts of bayberry to thediversity of lichens on gravestones.

In addition to his laboratory research, Prof. Eveleighhad a passion for microbiological history. He excelled atscholarship and teaching at all levels, as an instructor ofundergraduate and graduate students, as a mentor topost-doctoral and visiting scholars, and as an educatorof the broader community through his extensiveoutreach activities. Several of his students have saidthat he literally had rescued them! rough all aspectsof his life, Doug was a bottomless pit of enthusiasm. Hisenergy was particularly infectious (appropriate for amicrobiologist). He knew how to combine teaching,research, and the study of microbes into what he alwayscalled “sheer fun.”

During his lifetime, Professor Eveleigh received manyhonors and awards.

On hearing of Doug’s illness, his colleague Dr. ElioSchaechter, described him as founding a whole newfield of Microbiology “Humanistic Microbiology,”acknowledging Doug’s focus on the human aspects ofthe profession, a “humicrobiologist.” On hearing of hisdeath, Elio wrote again to say: “To know him was to likehim.” ese words serve as an appropriate epitaph.

Memorial service details will be communicated at alater date, with a current target of end of March, 2020.

e members of NJMA would like to express theircondolences for Doug’s family.

4NJMA NEWS

NJMACulinaryGroup

Announcing the return of the

Saturday April 11Unitarian Society, East Brunswick

Detailsin

NJMA News#50-1

NEW DATE!

Contact Marja Van Ouwerkerk, [email protected], to register.

IN MEMORIAMDOUGLAS E. EVELEIGHDECEMBER 6, 1933 - DECEMBER 30, 2019(excerpted from the New York Times obituary)

It is with great sadness that we report that Douglas E.Eveleigh, an emeritus Distinguished Professor atRutgers University, died on Dec. 30, 2019 of complica-tions of a glioblastoma. Prof. Eveleigh served on theRutgers faculty for forty-five years, where he wasknown as an exceptionally fine teacher and scholar.Professor Eveleigh's interests ranged broadly fromapplied microbiology (fermentation and degradation)to the history of science. Students loved his infectioushumor and his skill at enlivening the study of microbi-ology on topics that ranged from alcoholic fermenta-tion to the generation of swamp gas.

in June 1970, Doug accepted a job (hired by JimMacmillan to teach David Pramer’s GeneralMicrobiology course) at Rutgers, e State Universityof New Jersey, in what is now the Department ofBiochemistry and Microbiology, where he remained forthe rest of his career and rose to the rank ofDistinguished Professor.

Prof. Eveleigh’s research program focused on the meta-bolic capabilities of filamentous fungi. In particular, hestudied the ability of certain common soil fungi to makeenzymes that degrade cellulose, and his grouppioneered the use of fungal enzymes to turn plant

mailto:[email protected]

the advancement of science. e Field Guide To CitizenScience should be on the shelf of every school library atevery level of education.

My mushroom dehydrator now routinely gets filledwith as many specimens earmarked for study as withedibles to store inside jars in my pantry. I have madecontributions to multiple mycological studies, andoccasionally my efforts are noted within a study. During2018, I directed my local mushroom club’s participationin the North American Mycoflora Project, and hope tostay involved in the future. (Interestingly, The FieldGuide To Citizen Science does not mention NAMP.)ere is no longer any great disappointment if I fail tofill a bag full of Boletus edulis while out looking formushrooms (although it never hurts to do so!). For, nowI almost never return home empty-handed. ere’salways something of interest to photograph, examine,and discuss with others. e realm of Citizen Scienceoffers a variety of opportunities for anyone to similarlyobserve and delight in the world that surrounds them inforest, field, lake or river, along an ocean beach, on theground bordering a city street or up in the night sky, oreven by recording details while watching a video.

BOOK REVIEW THE FIELD GUIDE TOCITIZEN SCIENCEa review by Dave Wasilewski

e Field Guide To Citizen Scienceby Darlene Cavalier, Catherine Hoffman,and Caren Cooper

Timber Press (February 4, 2020)188 pages

ISBN-10: 1604698470ISBN-13: 978-1604698473

After over 25 years of avidly hunting wild mushrooms –mainly for the purpose of collecting edible types – myinvolvement in this hobby underwent a sea change. Ihad made two seminal discoveries. First came theinternet, which provided the opportunity to discusswild mushrooms with people from across the globe.en there was my first digital camera, which made itpossible to easily record and share lots of good photosof mushrooms. My interest rapidly segued frompothunter to a much more broadly-based appreciationfor mycology. I was on my way to becoming part of atrend spurred on by the digital revolution.

During the same time period, scientists working inmany different fields began to realize the immensepotential of involving the general public in theirresearch via the internet. Of course, there are problemsto iron out when amateurs interact with professionalswho are required to hold themselves to appropriaterigor. Clearly, there is a need to establish official projectsreplete with carefully crafted protocol to keep usamateurs in line with the demands of science. us hasevolved the concept of Citizen Scientist, and the associ-ated projects in which novices and amateurs team upwith professionals to produce data that advances thestate of science.

An excellent introduction to the concept of the CitizenScientist may be found in e Field Guide To CitizenScience by Darlene Cavalier, Catherine Hoffman, andCaren Cooper. e authors provide stimulating exam-ples of how collaborative projects are conducted usingthe contributions of individual people, schools,libraries, and museums. Within the opening 45 pages,there’s a lot of motivation for people to participate, aswell as an overview of the variable levels of commitmentone would expect to encounter if they join a CS project.e remainder of the book mainly consists of briefoutlines of specific projects, the diversity of which isimpressive.

CS represents a golden opportunity for families andschools to convert young people’s preoccupation withthe internet into fascination with the natural world thatsurrounds them, and to perhaps make a contribution to

5NJMA NEWS

(continues on next page)

from Judy Glattstein:

NYBG Event May 20, 2020: Healing Power ofMushrooms:

https://tinyurl.com/v4kautz(Note: NJMA does not endorse any commercial products)

from Sue McClary:

London exhibit: Mushrooms: Art, Design and the Futureof Fungi”:

https://tinyurl.com/skyps35

from the Editor:

La Cave des Roches (Mushroom Caves)https://tinyurl.com/u8l5vup

from Sue McClary:

Snow bank fungi threatened:https://tinyurl.com/rgfn9h3


Edible mushroom guide from Missouri government:https://tinyurl.com/w9elvjg

BYTES, BITS, & BITESTASTY LITTLE TIDBITS FROM OUR MEMBERSHave you read something interesting concerning mushrooms or foraging?Send it to [email protected] and share with the rest of our members!

https://tinyurl.com/v4kautzhttps://tinyurl.com/skyps35https://tinyurl.com/u8l5vuphttps://tinyurl.com/rgfn9h3https://tinyurl.com/w9elvjgmailto:[email protected]

6NJMA NEWS

MY OUTREACH EXPERIENCEby Sue McClary

I was reluctant to volunteer for outreach when I wasfirst asked. In fact, I declined straight away. What ifsomeone actually asked me a question? Would I be anembarrassment to the club if I could not answer it? But,last year, I decided to overcome that initial fear. I cannow speak from experience: All of you have knowledgeto share with the general public regardless of why youinitially joined the club. If you do an outreach, you willget to know other members and broaden your know-ledge of mushrooms.

So what is Outreach? Have you ever been to a localstreet fair? ere you will have seen tables sponsored bybanks with their free pens, local service organizationslike EMS looking for volunteers and, of course, thevarious craft and food stalls selling their wares. It can belike that, or it could be an event at a county park or agarden club. Sometimes indoor, sometimes outdoorwith a canopy for sun or rain protection.

I thought my outreach assignment would simply besitting at a table watching the people walk past.

But that was not the case. Despite our NJMA booth notgiving away any free stuff, not being high tech orcommercially dazzling, it is still very popular withadults and kids. It has a collection of items on displayfor people to see. First, there is the large trifold postershowing some of the mushroom groups. Even thosewho are too shy to actually walk up and talk to anyone,will walk away knowing a bit more about fungal diver-sity. Our outreach display has examples of mushroomarts and crafts including dyed yarn, polypore jewelry,and mushroom paper. ere is a dried Morel in a jar tohelp start the conversation about the pleasures ofmushroom consumption or cultivation that can expandsomeone’s palate beyond the white button mushroom.

Do you think you would be at a loss for words withsomeone looking to make that initial contact withNJMA? Start the conversation with “Did you know ...”and read one of the Fungi Fun Facts from one of thetable top display papers. ere will be actual mush-rooms, such as Artist’s Conk, which you can encouragekids to pick up and examine. Bring some fresh mush-rooms from your neighborhood to display and let thepublic see and compare them with the dried polypores.At my first outreach, one of our booth volunteersbrought some wood ears. Kids found touching them tobe really cool.

OK! Now the hard part of outreach! Someone inevitablywill want to show you a mushroom picture they have ontheir smartphone. e picture may be a really clear one,but information on season, habitat, and undersideappearance will be lacking. We recommend that yourefer them to the club’s Facebook page, Mushroom-

observer.org, iNaturalist.org, Mushroomexpert.com,etc., so they will have the tools for their next mushroomencounter. If you know a little about identification, and youhave a couple of minutes, you can talk about how to goabout identifying a mushroom, a good field guide, or justtell them they have a picture of a bolete, hen of the woods,or chicken of the woods, and they will be very happy.

So if you can volunteer to spend a few hours this year atan NJMA outreach event in your area, you can help theclub fulfill its educational mission. Some people won’twant to wait to go home and go online to become amember; they want to fill out an application right thenand there. Fungi are fascinating. Do share, and whoknows, you might just help prevent someone from eatingChlorophyllum molybdites from their front lawn

from Sue McClary:

Wishi (Grifola frondosa) the secret of Cherokee Health:https://tinyurl.com/yy8ofr82


Video: I planted shitake mushrooms in the mountains:https://tinyurl.com/v9tod9r


Video: Matsutake foraging to consuming chinese:https://tinyurl.com/wzk93sx

from Sue McClary:

Foraging is part of the Swedish identity:https://tinyurl.com/y4m2eadk


BBC video: Is commercial foraging damaging the enviri-onment: https://tinyurl.com/tpn5hte

from Sue McClary and Judy Glattstein:

Myco-architecture off planets - growing Martian houses:https://tinyurl.com/sg6lp2c


A food library opens in the UK:https://tinyurl.com/wfqogq3

[From the Editor: Our NJMA library has moreBritish fungi books than they do!]

from e New York Times:

A chef and her black trumpet teahttps://tinyurl.com/t62ysko

BYTES, BITS, & BITES (continued from previous page)

(continues on page 9)

http://tinyurl.com/jjualgzhttp://mushroomobserver.org/http://mushroomobserver.org/http://www.iNaturalist.orghttp:///www.mushroomexpert.comhttps://tinyurl.com/yy8ofr82https://tinyurl.com/v9tod9rhttps://tinyurl.com/wzk93sxhttps://tinyurl.com/y4m2eadkhttps://tinyurl.com/tpn5htehttps://tinyurl.com/sg6lp2chttps://tinyurl.com/wfqogq3https://tinyurl.com/t62ysko

7NJMA NEWS

CALENDAR OF UPCOMING EVENTS

sunday, March 2210:00am - 1:00pm

NJMA edUcAtioN cLAss: fieLd ideNtificAtioN of MUsHrooMsfrelinghuysen Arboretum, MorristownBeginners: Join Jim Barg to learn how to identify fungi through field characteristics.A skilled photographer, chef and identifier, Jim will teach you how to go aboutcollecting mushrooms safely without flipping through field guides in hope of findinga picture that resembles your specimen. Registration required! $10.00 fee includeshandouts. Limited to 15 participants. Register at www.njmyco.org/education.html.

sunday, March 221:30pm

MeetiNg & LectUre frelinghuysen Arboretum, MorristownOur guest speaker will be Tina Ellor, Technical Director of Phillips Mushroom Farms.Topic: “e Mushroom Mashup” with some medicinal info, some cultivation info,and some history of mushroom growing in the US.

saturday, April 116:00pm

NJMA cULiNAry groUP diNNer – A MUsHrooM sAMPLerUnitarian center, tices Lane, east brunswickis is a members-only event. NJMA food lovers are planning a potpourri ofmushroom dishes for a fascinating taste-fest. To register for the dinner, contactMarja Van Ouwerkerk ([email protected]) For more information about thegroup,contact Jim Richards ([email protected]). IMPORTANT: is is NOTa pot-luck event. Participants will receive copies of all recipes served.

sunday, April 1912:00pm - 1:30pm

NJMA edUcAtioN cLAss: iNtrodUctioN to MUsHrooMsfrelinghuysen Arboretum, MorristownFor the new member or enthusiastic beginner who wants to learn more about structure, life cycle and ecology of mushrooms. Presented by John Burghardt, data recorderLimited to 15 participants. Register at www.njmyco.org/education.html.

sunday, April 191:30pm

MeetiNg & LectUre frelinghuysen Arboretum, MorristownGuest speaker: Christian Schwarz. Topic: “Bottoms Up: Community Science and the North American Mycoflora Project”Details on page 3.

sunday, May 310:00am

first forAy of tHe yeArPrinceton institute woods

sunday, May 171:00pm

sANg PArk LectUre seriesfrelinghuysen Arboretum, MorristownSpecial guest speaker: Robert Blanchette“Historic Uses of Forest Fungi: Shaman, Emperors, and Supernatural Mushrooms”Details on page 3.

friday - sundayJune 26 - 28

NJMA’s victor gAMbiNo weekeNd forAykirkwood retreat center, bangor, PAGuest mycologist: Dr. Roy Halling, Curator Emeritus, Mycology, NY Botanical GardenCome expand your knowledge of the world of fungi and join fellow mycophiles for agreat time. Room and board for the weekend will run $235.00. Register online atwww.njmyco.org/membereventreg.html using PayPal. Sign up early, as room islimited to about 20 participants. Contact Liz Broderick at [email protected] any questions.

http://www.njmyco.org/education.htmlmailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.njmyco.org/education.htmlwww.njmyco.org/membereventreg.htmlmailto:[email protected]

8NJMA NEWS

e following year Schönlein earned his Habilitation(higher doctorate) at Würzburg, which qualified him toteach pathological anatomy there as a Privatdozent(unpaid lecturer).4 Shortly afterward, Nicolaus AntonFriedreich, the professor of special pathology andtherapy and head of the medical clinic at Würzburg,became ill and asked Schönlein to take over his dutiesfor him. So, in 1819, Schönlein, just 26 years old,became provisional director of the hospital. e nextyear, he was appointed assistant professor of specialpathology and therapy, and when health issues forcedFriedreich to resign in 1824, Schönlein was promoted tofull professor and director of the hospital.

Under Schönlein’s direction, the clinic atWürzburg became one of the mostfamous in Germany, attracting studentsfrom throughout Europe. But in 1832,despite having been made an honorarycitizen of Würzburg, Schönlein was firedbecause of his liberal political opinionsand moved to Frankfurt, where hebriefly established a medical practicebefore fleeing with his wife and youngdaughter5 to Switzerland after anattempted assassination in Frankfurt ledhim to fear he might be arrested.

In 1833, he was appointed professor ofmedicine at the newly founded Hoch-schule in Zurich, and there, in 1839, hepublished two very short papers — hisonly publications apart from his disser-

tation. In the second of those he described his observa-tion of fungal tissue in the lesions of favus, and in sodoing became one of the founders of the field of medicalmycology. In that paper he noted that he was motivatedto search for fungal pathogens of humans by the work ofAgostino Bassi6 on muscardine and that of the botanistFranz Unger on fungal parasites of plants.

Unfortunately, political circumstances once again causedSchönlein to seek a position elsewhere (in particular,because he was Catholic, he was not granted citizenshipin Zurich). So, in 1840, he returned to Germany andbecame professor of medicine in Berlin, as well as

WHO’S IN A NAME?Trychophyton schoenleiniiby John Dawson (seventy-seventh in a series)

Trychophyton schoenleinii is a fungal pathogen thatcauses the human scalp disease favus, a severe andchronic form of ringworm that can lead to permanenthair loss. It was the first human fungal pathogen to berecognized as such, by the German physician commem-orated in its specific epithet: Johann Lukas Schönlein.

Schönlein was born in Bamberg, Germany, on 30November 1793 and died there on 23 January 1864. Hisfather, omas Schönlein, was a wealthy ropemaker, butwith his mother Margarethe’ssupport young Johannes1 chose notto follow his father’s profession butto pursue his interests in naturalhistory. At the Gymnasium inBamberg, a teacher encouraged himto collect a wide variety of geolog-ical, botanical and zoological speci-mens (an activity he pursuedthroughout the rest of his life),2 andafter his graduation in 1811 heenrolled at the University ofLandshut to earn a degree in naturalscience.

ough Bamberg at that time was “acradle of German hospital medi-cine,”3 it was only after his arrival inLandshut that Schönlein redirectedhis studies toward a medical degree.He found comparative anatomy to be of particularinterest and, in 1813, transferred to the University ofWürzburg to study with Ignaz Döllinger, under whom,in 1816, he wrote his doctoral dissertation on the devel-opmental metamorphosis of the brain.

Nevertheless, Schönlein did not intend to pursue a clin-ical career. Instead he sought unsuccessfully to join theDutch East India Company to study natural history inthe Far East. Failing that, he spent the year 1816 first asa physician at the Allgemeines Krankenhaus (generalhospital) in Bamberg, followed by studies in Göttingenand Jena, and then a brief stint at the AllgemeinesKrankenhaus in Munich.

Johann Lukas Scho ̈nlein

1 His given name at birth, according to the biographical sketch of him in the dictionary of medical eponyms Whonamedit?(http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/353.html). He added the middle name Lukas later.

2 According to the entry on Schönlein by Gloria Robinson in the Dictionary of Scientific Biography.3 Quoted from the entry in Whonamedit? cited above in footnote 1.4 Ibid.5 In 1827, Schönlein had married erese Heffner, who bore him a son and two daughters (according to the genealogy accompanying the entry on

Schönlein by Werner E. Gerabek in Deutsche Biographie, at https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz79016.html#ndbcontent). 6 Profiled in installment 68 of this series.

(continues on next page)

http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/353.htmlhttps://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz79016.html#ndbcontent

FROM THE MICROSOFT LIFESTYLE BLOG: FOODS NEVER TO EAT RAWMushrooms contain a host of beneficial propertiesincluding antioxidants, B vitamins, and potassium,according to Healthline. Some doctors note, however,that heat is required to release some of these nutrientsand benefits. Plus, raw mushrooms are known for beinghard to digest, and they are among the most concentratedsources of a naturally occurring toxin, agaritine. Variousstudies and research found in some rat studies thatagaritine has a carcinogenic effect. at said, cookingdestroys these compounds so you can still safely eat thecooked variety.

BYTES, BITS, & BITES (continued from page 6)from Sue McClary:

Campus food: Mushroom blends:https://tinyurl.com/roxg6y4

from Sue McClary:

e Use of Mushrooms in Skincarehttps://tinyurl.com/wue5u34

(NJMA does not endorse commercial products):

from Sue McClary:

e Benefits of Adding Snow Mushroom to Your Skin-Care Routine:

https://tinyurl.com/qtpd8ju

from Sue McClary:

Mushroom Cosmetics: Present and Future:https://tinyurl.com/uqdbowe

from Sue McClary:

Mary Banning and e Fungi of Maryland:https://tinyurl.com/yxc5mh5o

from Sue McClary:

John Cage: a story of mushrooms and music:https://tinyurl.com/y46gnjpo

been helping with set-up, clean up, and so on, but theyneed a “leader”.

If you are interested in helping the Culinary Group getstarted again, please contact me (Jim Richards) [email protected] and we can plan on gettingtogether. We can always talk at the winter meetings, as well.

To sign up for a mushroom-themed dinner at theUnitarian Center in East Brunswick at 6:00 pm,Saturday, April 11th, contact Marja Van Ouwerkerk([email protected]) to register.

9NJMA NEWS

A CULINARY GROUP “REVIVAL”NEW DATE! SATURDAY, APRIL 11TH, 6:00PM UNITARIAN CENTER, EAST BRUNSWICK, NJby Jim Richards, Culinary Group Chairperson

What is the Culinary Group and where did it go? eNJMA Culinary Group was started in 1983 as a way formembers to get together and enjoy a planned meal.

While NJMA has a number of potluck events wherefood is shared, the Culinary Group differs in offering setmenus – usually based on the foods of a particularcuisine. Mushroom dishes are a significant part of mostof the menus. We have had Mushroom Pates at some ofthe French dinners, Mushroom Ceviche at anArgentinian Cookout and Lactarius corrugis Pizzas at aLocavore Picnic. e dinners offer members a chance toenjoy great food in a relaxed setting and to get to knowtheir fellow members over a glass or two of wine, beeror tea and coffee.

In the past, a few members have done the work of plan-ning the theme, finding the recipes and assigning them,setting up the tables, etc., and cleaning up afterwards.Ideally, we would do three dinners a year: one in theSpring, another in the Fall, and a cook-out in Summer.If you are interested, I will be glad to send you a list ofthe dinners and the menus.

Each cook submits a copy of their expenses for theingredients used in preparing their dish. e costs areadded together and divided by the number of attendees.e average price for these multi-course feasts has beenabout $18.00 per person.

After the meal, the participants are sent copies of all therecipes along with any comments by the preparers.

We are looking for people that are willing to help revivethe group. ere is a small group of members that have

director of the clinic at the Charité hospital there.7

Schönlein today is regarded as one of the foremostpioneers in introducing the methods of modern medicineinto German clinical practice. In particular, he introducedthe techniques of percussion and auscultation developedearlier by French physicians, employed microscopic andchemical analyses of blood and urine as aids to diagnoses,and taught his students to observe patients at theirbedsides. Among his most eminent disciples at Berlinwere eodore Billroth, the father of modern abdominalsurgery, and the pathologist Rudolf Virchow.

7 Gloria Robinson , op.cit.8 e portrait of Schönlein reproduced here, taken from the Wikipedia

entry about him, is in the public domain.

https://tinyurl.com/roxg6y4https://tinyurl.com/wue5u34https://tinyurl.com/qtpd8juhttps://tinyurl.com/uqdbowehttps://tinyurl.com/yxc5mh5ohttps://tinyurl.com/y46gnjpomailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

10NJMA NEWS

August 16 (sunday) Long Pond ironworks state Park - green turtle Pond (Ringwood)(some rough walking, no bathrooms, limited parking)

september 20 (sunday) wawayanda state Park (Hewitt)

Before attending any NJMA foray, READ and UNDERSTAND our foray guidelines!

2020 NJMA FORAY SCHEDULEDriving directions to forays are on our website, www.njmyco.org/directions.html

forays begin at 10:00 AM and identification activities usually last for several hours after the foray walk ends. Don’t forget to bring lunch!All forays will be held rain or shine!

october 11 (sunday) estell Manor Park (Estell Manor)

July 11 (saturday) stephens state Park (Hackettstown)

october 25 (sunday) wells Mills county Park (Waretown)

August 8 (saturday) schiff Nature Preserve (Mendham)

May 3 (sunday) Princeton institute woods

deer Path Park (Readington) bob Peabody wild foods foray and PicnicA walk through the park to find edible wild plants, followed by a potluck picnic. Bring a dish for thepicnic, which is open to members only. Foray itself is open to all.

october 4 (sunday) chestnut branch Park (Mantua)

August 23 (sunday) to be Announced (watch this newsletter)

DATE LOCATION

June 14 (sunday)

November 1 (sunday) belleplain state Park (Woodbine)

July 19 (sunday) teetertown ravine Nature Preserve and crystal springs (Lebanon Township)

July 26 (sunday) thompson/Helmetta county Park (Jamesburg)

August 30 (sunday) stokes state forest, kittle field – grete turchick foray & Picnic(Branchville)The foray is open to the public, but the picnic is for members only.

August 2 (sunday) crystal Lake Park (Mansfield Township, Burlington County)

october 17 (saturday) NJ forest resource education center (Jackson)

We are pleased to announce the NJMA forays for 2020. Many of our foray locations require a permit to collect fungi for scientific purposes, to educate the public about fungi and identifywhat we find. Our permits do not allow us to pick for eating, so please do not put our ability to collect in these areas into jeopardy.Also, people with cameras, take note: If you’re taking group shots and someone asks you not to take their photo, please give themthe courtesy of respecting their wishes. Also, we do appreciate “people pictures” for our newsletter, but please get names and permis-sion of the people in your photo(s) before submitting to our newsletter.One other note: Some of the state parks charge admission from Memorial Day to Labor Day. Your NJMA Membership Card allowsyou to get in free of charge on our foray dates. Keep it in your wallet or glove compartment!

http://www.njmyco.org/guidelines.htmlhttp://www.njmyco.org/directions.html

11NJMA NEWS

WELCOME TO ALL OF OURNEW NJMA MEMBERS!

We’d like to extend a warm welcome to the followingmembers who joined us between

January 12, 2020 and March 3, 2020.We look forward to seeing you at lectures, forays,

and other NJMA events.Happy ’shrooming!

Andrew Allison Jersey City, NJLillian Azar Tinton Fall, NJRita Berson Melrose Park, PAKristina Bonatakis Red Bank, NJAnnmarie Burzachiello Newton, PALaura Campbell West Orange, NJJanic Castagner Pennsauken, NJAnthony Conte Belleville, NJGina Conti Toms River, NJSigne Cruz-Lindbloom Hillsborough, NJRachel DeFlumery Blairstown, NJEtan Goldberg Metuchen, NJMichael Heffler Lambertville, NJKaren Khalaf Summit, NJMarek Malinowski Somerset, NJStefanie Markowski Glen Gardner, NJMelinda McEvoy (Bare) Morganville, NJJessica Medina New Brunswick, NJDebra Murawski Point Pleasant, NJIgor Nachevnik Millburn, NJOfra Natif Weehawken, NJJenna Neckonchuk Pennsauken, NJMichael Newton Avon, NJRobert Ott Perkasie, PALeslie Peterson-Cohen Glen Rock, NJChristopher Proniewski Ewing, NJLeslie Raff Morristown, NJomas & Kathleen Sateary Hillsborough, NJLina Sinishtaj Keyport, NJRyan Stromberg Bradley Beach, NJBernard Sypniewski Woodbine, NJKaren Vaccaro Doylestown, PAMark Vandermass Rahway, NJJaime Velasquez-Perez Wharton, NJVincent Vinci Laurence Harbor, NJOwen Zecca Glen Gardner, NJ

TOMENTELLA SPECIESDescription and photos by Maricel Patino

ese three photos belong to the genus Tomentella. Idid the micro of 30 species during 2019. Spores areechinulate (ornamented with spikes). I don’t know thespecies. It is a hard genus because you have to study themicro features well and there are about 200 speciesworld wide. Some of them have septa on the basidia orclamps at base and some don’t. Tomentella species arebeautiful; they come in a variety of colors: green, ocher,purplish, tan, brown, rusty, yellowish and all sort of inbetween colors. ey could look cottony, smooth orwarty and some may have cordons (rhyzomorphs). It isalso important to note reactions with KOH for thepurpose of identifying some to species.

12NJMA NEWS

FERMENTING MUSHROOMSby Nicholas Repenning(reprinted from Mainely Mushrooms, newsletter of the MaineMycological Society, Vol. 35, No. 2, April - June, 2019)

I am totally engulfed in both fermentation and mushrooms.However, the two usually do not directly cross paths.Fermentation is a technique for enhancing flavors andmaking nutrients more bioavailable but, historically, it is ameans of food preservation. ere are loads of fungi that takeplace in fermenting – in things such as beer, bread, cheese,and even soy sauce. While all of these ferments involve somekind of fungi, not many directly involve mushrooms. I havesearched for folk recipes and have asked around aboutfermenting mushrooms, but have found little on this subject.Mostly, I’ve stumbled through some vinegar-based picklesand a little on lacto-fermenting, which I plan to experimentwith more this year.

What did spark my interest enough to share is e NomaGuide to Fermentation. is book has some in-depth instruc-tions for making koji (fungi-cultured grains) and some shoyu-like sauces using mushrooms. In particular, I was intrigued bya Dryad’s Saddle Shoyu. Here is the recipe in time for spring(and one of our first wild edible mushrooms):

Dryad’s Saddle Shoyu

2kg fresh Cerioporus (Polyporus) squamosus 400 grams Pearl Barley Koji (rice koji works as well)600 grams water150 grams non-iodized salt

Clean mushrooms, wiping off any debris. Chop into piecesthat will fit easily into food processor. Pulse into a coarsemeal. If desired, koji may also be broken up in food processor.oroughly mix ingredients and place in a non-reactivefermentation vessel. Place plastic wrap directly on the surfaceand weight down to ensure coverage. Ferment for 3-4 weeksat room temperature, stirring with a clean spoon once a week.To harvest, strain liquid using cider press or by squeezingpulp through a clean towel. Strain again through a cheese-cloth and refrigerate or freeze for longer storage.

is shoyu can be used for roasting and/or sauteing meats orvegetables, or simply as an earthy base for stocks. Since thisbook came out in the fall, I haven’t had the chance to makethis one, but have altered the recipe using previously frozenmatsutake, Tricholoma magnivelare. My variation is over-poweringly matsutake with intensely concentrated flavor. Notquite finished at the time of writing this, I’m looking forwardto cooking with this. A little will go a long way with this one.

A few notes: When varying mushrooms such as I did,blanching or freezing may be necessary to help breakdown cell walls. Please note that not all mushrooms arebuilt the same. Some may be toxic raw and, therefore,must either be cooked first or left for other dishes. I’malso very interested in learning if any of you have anyexperience with fermenting mushrooms. Please share ifyou do. I’d like to hear about how you do it.

MUSHROOM EVOLUTION FROMCRUSTS TO CAPSfrom “Megaphylogeny resolves global patterns of mushroom evolu-tion”, T. Varga et al. Nature, Ecology & Evolution, 3, 668-78,18 March 2019., via Spore Print, newsletter of the Long IslandMycological Society, Summer 2019

An international project of over 70 taxonomists andphylogeneticists utilized sequence data from 5,284species of mushroom-forming fungi (Agaricomycetes)to construct a phylogenetic tree which was used to inferages and broad patterns of speciation and morpholog-ical change. e class Agaricomycetes started a rapidradiation in the Jurassic period, about 200 MA. duringa warming climate and spreading coniferous forests.Only crust-like fungi were believed to be present at thebeginning of the Jurassic, with more complex formssuch as Cantharallales, Auricullariales, and Phallo-mycetidae arising in the middle of the period.Diversification increased during the Cretaceous andPaleogene (50 to 150 MA) with the development ofpileate-stipitate (cap, stalk and gills) morphology, whichoffers sporal protection and enhanced dissemination.is famihar mushroom form now dominates agari-comycete diversity, with over 21,000 described species.Interestingly, the Russulales, which have a separate lineof descent, arose earlier than the Agaricales. eInocybaceae appear to be the most modern family ofgilled fungi.

elephora terrestrisPHOTO BY JIM BARG

“All things are difficultbefore they are easy”

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