Panel 4: Other species - ICCAT · Malta ICCAT 2015 Panel 4: Other species 11 N SWO 0 5 1 5 2 5 3...

11/11/2015

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Panel 4: Other species

SWO Swordfish

BUM WHM SAI BillfishSMT Small tuna

SHK Sharks

Malta ICCAT 2015 Panel 4: Other species 2

• Overview of stock status outlook and

management recommendations for all species

except blue shark which was assessed this yea

• Results of the Blue shark assessment

• Workplans for all species group in the panel

• Response to the commission 19.7

11/11/2015

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-100 -90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10 0 10 20

-60

-50

-40

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-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

3

SAIBiology FisheriesStock status

OutlookEffects of current

regulations

Management recommendation

s

-100 -90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10 0 10 20

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

-100 -90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10 0 10 20

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

SAIWHM

BUM SWO

-100 -90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10 0 10 20

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

POR

-100 -90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10 0 10 20

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60SMK

BSH

STOCK STRUCTURE

4

Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda)

Little tunny (Euthynnus alletteratus)King mackerel (Scomberomorus cavalla)

Atlantic Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus maculatus)

Frigate tuna (Auxis thazard)

Most dominant species in the catches

(5 species, more than 80% in weight)

SMT

SMALL TUNAS

Regional stock structure, in most cases undefined

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?

?

?

?

OTHER SHARKS

SWO

Total reported catch (Task I) and TACs Atlantic swordfish stocks (1950-2013)

6

NORTH SOUTH

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

195

0

195

4

195

8

196

2

196

6

197

0

197

4

197

8

198

2

198

6

199

0

199

4

199

8

200

2

200

6

201

0

201

4

t

SWO-MED. Task-I Catches

Other surf.

Longline

year

Mediterranean

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BILLFISH

BUM WHM

SAI E SAI W

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

19

25

1928

1931

1934

1937

19

40

19

43

19

46

1949

1952

1955

1958

1961

19

64

19

67

19

70

1973

1976

1979

1982

19

85

19

88

19

91

1994

1997

2000

2003

20

06

Cta

ch (

mt)

Year

U.S.A.

Faroes

Norway

Japan

Iceland

EC.United Kingdom

EC.Sweden

EC.Portugal

EC.Netherlands

EC.Ireland

EC.Germany

EC.France

EC.España

EC.Denmark

NE

0.00

1000.00

2000.00

3000.00

4000.00

5000.00

6000.00

7000.00

8000.00

9000.00

10000.00

Cat

ch (

mt)

Year

LL Ratios

St.Pierre et Miquelon

U.S.A.

Norway

Japan

EC.Portugal

EC.España

Canada

Faroe Islands

NW

PORBEAGLE

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

19

50

19

53

19

56

19

59

19

62

19

65

19

68

19

71

19

74

19

77

19

80

19

83

19

86

19

89

19

92

19

95

19

98

20

01

20

04

20

07

Cat

ch (

mt)

Year

Uruguay

Seychelles

Japan

Falklands

EC.Portugal

EC.Poland

EC.Netherlands

EC.España

EC.Bulgaria

Chile

SW

reported

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

19

50

19

53

19

56

19

59

19

62

19

65

19

68

19

71

19

74

19

77

19

80

19

83

19

86

19

89

19

92

19

95

19

98

20

01

20

04

20

07

Cat

ch (

mt)

Year

Non reporting LLUruguaySeychellesJapanFalklandsEC.PortugalEC.PolandEC.NetherlandsEC.EspañaEC.BulgariaChile

SW

estimated

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Shortfin mako

Shark catches are often under-reported and need to be

estimated from ratios of the catch of other species


0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

19

50

19

52

19

54

19

56

19

58

19

60

19

62

19

64

19

66

19

68

19

70

19

72

19

74

19

76

19

78

19

80

19

82

19

84

19

86

19

88

19

90

19

92

19

94

19

96

19

98

20

00

20

02

20

04

20

06

20

08

20

10

20

12

t

year

Small tuna Task I cumuliative catchesOthers (BOP, KGX, CER,SMT, SLT)

DOL (Coryphaena hippurus)

WAH (Acanthocybium solandri)

MAW (Scomberomorus tritor)

BLF (Thunnus atlanticus)

BLT (Auxis rochei)

BRS (Scomberomorus brasiliensis)

SSM (Scomberomorus maculatus)

KGM (Scomberomorus cavalla)

FRI (Auxis thazard)

LTA (Euthynnus alletteratus)

BON (Sarda sarda)

SMALL TUNAS

Atlantic and Mediterranean – 12 species

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N SWO

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Scal

ed

Sta

nd

ard

ize

d C

PU

E

Brazil Spain Uruguay Uruguay2 Japan Japan2 C_TAI1 C_TAI2 C_TAI3

S SWO

Relative abundance indices SWORDFISH

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

MoGN SpLL SiLL SiGN GrLL LiLL

Med SWO


0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Co

mb

ine

d In

de

x

IndexEQW

IndexARW

IndexCAW

BUM

WHM

W SAI W SAI

W SAIW SAI

E SAI E SAI

Relative abundance indices BILLFISH

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13

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Cat

ch

Rel

ativ

e C

PU

E

Year

Shortfin mako CPUE indices and catch (North)

US-Log

JPLL-N

ESP-LL-N

POR-LL-N

Catch-N

NORTH

SOUTH

Relative abundance indices SHORTFIN MAKO


SWO NSWO S

SWO Med

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2

F09

/Fm

sy

SSB09/SSBmsy

BUM

WHMSAI W

SAI E

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North Atlantic

South Atlantic

Shortfin mako

Porbeagle: stock status

NE NW

SW

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2012 Ecological Risk Assessment

OTHER

SHARKS

Outlook and management

recommendations

18

WHM• [Rec. 12-04], intended to reduce the total harvest to 400 t in

2013, 2014, and 2015 to allow the rebuilding of the white marlin

stock from the overfished condition. The Committee expressed

its concern on the effectiveness of such measure in light of the

misidentification of spearfishes in the white marlin catches,

which causes uncertainty in stock assessment results and

enforcement related problems.

• One approach to reduce fishing mortality could be the use of

non-offset circle hooks as terminal gear

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recommendations

19

BUM• Concerns on the effectiveness of [Rec. 12-04], intended to

reduce the total harvest to 2,000 t in light of severe under

reporting currently occurring in some fisheries. Therefore, the

Committee alerts the Commission that unless such non-

compliance issues are properly addressed the adoption of

additional measures might be rendered ineffective.

• The adoption of measures such as, but not limited to the

mandated use of non-offset circle hooks as terminal gear to

reduce marlin mortality.

• Actions to reduce fishing mortality of blue marlin from non-

industrial fisheries.


recommendations

20

SAI• Catches for the eastern stock should be reduced from current

levels. It should be noted, however, that artisanal fishermen

harvest a large part of the sailfish catch along the African coast.

• Catches of the western stock of sailfish should not exceed

current levels. It should be noted, however, that artisanal

fishermen harvest a large part of the sailfish catch of the

western sailfish stock.

• One approach to reduce fishing mortality could be the use of

non-offset circle hooks as terminal gear.

• The Committee recommends all countries landing or having

dead discards of sailfish, report these data to the ICCAT

Secretariat.

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recommendations

21

SWO South The committee did not have sufficient confidence in the

assessment results to change the previous recommendation to

limit catches to no more than 15,000 t

SWO North

• current TAC of 13,700 t has an 83% probability of

maintaining the North Atlantic swordfish stock in a rebuilt

condition by 2021 while maintaining biomass

• without better direction from the Commission with regard to

what constitutes a ‘high probability’, it cannot provide more

specific advice. TACs up to 14,300 t would still have a higher

than 50% probability of maintaining the stock in a rebuilt

condition by 2021 but would be expected to lead to greater

biomass declines


recommendations

22

SWO Mediterranean:

• Maintain the current management measures of Mediterranean

swordfish as adopted in [Rec. 13-04] until additional data permits a

conclusion as to whether or not they are sufficient to allow the stock to

rebuild to a level in line with the Convention objectives.

• However, it has been noted that the recently adopted management

measures may have increased discard levels of undersized swordfish;

therefore it is recommended to closely monitor the fishery and that

every component of the Mediterranean swordfish mortality be

adequately reported to ICCAT by the CPCs.

• Moreover, as it has been noted that the number of vessels in the

ICCAT records of vessels authorized to catch Mediterranean swordfish

is generally higher than the vessels that are active in each CPC, the

Committee recommends that the implications of this potential excess

capacity should be considered by the Commission.

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recommendations: Sharks

23

GENERAL

• Precautionary management measures should be considered particularly

for stocks where there is the greatest biological vulnerability and

conservation concern, and for which there are very few data.

Management measures should ideally be species-specific whenever

possible.

• Committee strongly urges the CPCs to provide the corresponding

statistics, including discards (dead or alive), of all ICCAT fisheries,

including recreational and artisanal fisheries, and to the extent possible

non-ICCAT fisheries capturing these species.

• Methods for mitigating shark by-catch by purse seines, gillnets, and

artisanal fisherie fisheries need to be investigated and applied.



24

SHORTFIN MAKOTaking into consideration the continued high vulnerability ranking in

the ERA, results from the modelling approaches used in the

assessment, the associated uncertainty, and the relatively low

productivity of shortfin mako sharks, the Committee reiterates, as a

precautionary approach, that catches of shortfin mako sharks

should not be increased with respect to the 2006-2010 levels until

more reliable stock assessment results are available for both the

Northern and Southern stocks.

11/11/2015

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25

PORBEAGLE

• The Committee recommends that the Commission work with countries

catching porbeagle and relevant RFMOs to ensure recovery of North

Atlantic porbeagle stocks (e.g. NAFO) and cooperate with the current

Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ) to conduct a coordinated

South Atlantic stock assessment).

• Porbeagle fishing mortality should be kept to levels in line with scientific

advice and with catches not exceeding the current level. New targeted

porbeagle fisheries should be prevented, porbeagles retrieved alive

should be released alive.

• Management measures and data collection should be harmonized as

much as possible among all relevant RFMOs dealing with these stocks,

ICCAT should facilitate appropriate communication.

Outlook

26

SMTThe provision of management advice by the SCRS relies on

accurate reporting of Task I and II data.

However, due to the nature of small tuna fisheries (i.e. multi-gear,

multi-species, artisanal fisheries, etc.), information on fisheries

data is difficult to collect.

Therefore, the Committee hasn’t been able to conduct any

quantitative stock assessment for any species.

However, work is currently being conducted on developing

indicators that in the future could be used to provide management

advice to the Commission.

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2015 Assessment of Blue shark

CATCH ESTIMATES

0.000

10000.000

20000.000

30000.000

40000.000

50000.000

60000.000

0.000

0.005

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Rela

tive i

nd

ex

Year

Blue shark CPUE indices (North)

Catches US-Obs JP-LLN-old JP-LLN-New US-Obs-cru VEN-LL ESP-LL-N POR-LL CH-TA-LLN

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

0.000

0.010

0.020

0.030

0.040

0.050

0.060

1970 1973 1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012

Rela

tive i

nd

ex

Year

Blue shark CPUE indices (South)

Catches UR LL BR LL JP-LLS-Old JP-LLS-New ESP-LL-S CH-TA-LLS

RELATIVE ABUNDANCE (CPUE)

SO

UT

H

N

OR

TH

Length

compositions

Biological

parameters

Growth

Maturity

Reproduction

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Blue shark tagging

Releases

Recaptures

(6.6%)

Straight movement

North Atlantic stock Production model

Fits to relative abundance indices

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North Atlantic stock Statistically

integrated age-

structured

model

Fits to relative abundance indices

Fits to length composition

North Atlantic stock

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

F2013/F

MS

Y

B2013/BMSY

SS3 run 4 SS3 run 6 BSP-N1

BSP-N2 BSP-N3 BSP-N4

BSP-N5 BSP-N6 BSP-N7

BSP-N8 BSP-USObs BSP-JLL

BSP-USObsCru BSP-PORLL BSP-VENLL

BSP-ESPLLN

STOCK STATUS from combined results (production model

and statistically integrated model

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South Atlantic stock

BSP: Fits to indices


SS-BSP: Fits to indices

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0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

F2013/F

MS

Y

B2013/BMSY

SS-BSP-M1 SS-BSP-M2 SS-BSP-M3SS-BSP-M4 SS-BSP-M5 SS-BSP-M6SS-BSP-M7 SS-BSP-M8 SS-BSP-M9SS-BSP-M10 SS-BSP-M11 SS-BSP-M12BSP-S1 BSP-S2 BSP-S3BSP-S4 BSP-S5 BSP-S6BSP-S7 BSP-S8 BSP-S9BSP-S10 BSP-URULL BSP-BRLLBSP-JLL BSP-ESPLLS BSP-CHTALLS

STOCK STATUS from combined results (two different

production models


recommendations

• No projections of future stock conditions undertaken due to still high uncertainty in current stock status

• Given the uncertainty in stock status results for the South Atlantic stock of blue shark, the Committee recommends that recent catch levels (e.g. in the past five years, 2009-2013) not be increased.

• For the North Atlantic stock, while all model formulations explored predicted that the stock was not overfished and that overfishing was not occurring, there still remained enough uncertainty in the data inputs and model structural assumptions to allow the Committee to reach a consensus on a specific management recommendation.

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Shark Species Group Work Plan

In preparation for a planned stock assessment of Shortfin mako in

2017, the Group will conduct the following activities:

Hold an intersessional meeting to:

– Review progress on the SRDCP (Shark Research and Data

Collection Program) projects on shortfin mako age and growth

dynamics, genetics, post-release survival, movements, and

trophic dynamics

– Provide stock status indicators of shortfin mako (nominal CPUE

and catch from task II)

– Start review of historical catches and available CPUE indices for

SMA

– Start review of spatial length composition data to help define

fleets for SS3

– Finalize activities of the SRDCP for SMA

Swordfish Working Group Work Plan• swordfish were last assessed in 2013.

• During 2016 the working group will prepare the information

required for an Assessments in 2017 of Mediterranean, North

and South Atlantic stocks. In addition to regular data preparation

activities the group will require:

• Support from a South Atlantic Swordfish Research Plan

• Furthers studies on Environmental effects on populations

and how to best determine how to include environmental

covariates into the overall assessment process.

• Develop spatially explicit CPUE. Possibility to assess the

north Atlantic swordfish stock using area specific CPUEs,

incorporating effects of oceanographic and climatological

processes.

11/11/2015

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Billfish Working Group Work Plan

Proposes to conduct a stock assessment of the two stocks

of sailfish in 2016. In preparation for the sailfish

assessment the and in addition of the regular preparation

of data for the assessment the group will:

• Require financial assistance to support a workshop to

help West African countries to standardize their CPUE

datapril 2016;

• Complete work on comprehensive sailfish stock

structure.

Small tunas Working Group Work Plan

Intersessional meeting of the Small Tunas Species Group in

2016. At such meeting national scientists should provide:

• analysis historical fisheries indicators on small tunas (e.g.

CPUE; development of simple indicators of stock sustainability

such as: mean size, proportion of juveniles, etc.),

• Improvements to the Task II data (under SMTYP program);

• Contributions to a meta-database for small tunas in order to

identify and apply the appropriate stock assessment methods

for each species/stock identified as a priority;

The group will also:

• Encourage studies on stock structure and species distribution

• Collaborate, as much as possible through joint working groups,

with other RFMOs to improve and exchange basic fisheries

data on small tunas.

11/11/2015

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19.7 Evaluation of data deficiencies pursuant to [Rec. 05-09]

The Commission expressed in [Rec. 05-09] for the SCRS to evaluate:

“the effect of the data deficiency(ies) on the Commission’s ability to

determine the status of the stock(s) and on the effectiveness of the

ICCAT conservation and management measures”.

• Data deficiencies are present for many of the basic information used

to support ICCAT assessments

• Data deficiencies are more common for by-catch species than for

target stocks.

• Data deficiencies are also common for small tunas and species of

sharks that are now clearly targeted by some fishing fleets.

• Data defficiencies remain for data on catches of billfish on moored

FAD fisheries in several Caribbean countries over the last two

decades

RESPONSE TO THE COMMISSIONS

Panel 4: Other species - ICCAT · Malta ICCAT 2015 Panel 4: Other species 11 N SWO 0 5 1 5 2 5 3...

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