Pancho Villa handout: ** Read the handout and answer the questions below (1) Why does President...
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Transcript of Pancho Villa handout: ** Read the handout and answer the questions below (1) Why does President...
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Pancho Villa handout:** Read the handout and answer the questions below
• (1) Why does President Wilson initially support Pancho Villa?
• (2) What changed the perception of Villa in the eyes of the U.S. government, and what was the response towards him?
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All of the following were reasons or causes as to why the U.S. became an Imperialist
power
– To increase American military & naval strength
– To extend American culture around this world
– To establish new markets for American goods
– To establish America’s status as the world’s most powerful nation
Not
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United States Imperialism in Latin America
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Mexican Revolution (1910 – 1920)
- Porfirio Diaz ruled as the Mexican dictator - Foreign companies dominate Mexico’s economy, most Mexicans remain landless and poor.
- President Francisco Madero is elected in 1911, deposed in 1913, and then murdered.
- Former general, Victoriano Huerta, becomes dictator.
Emiliano Zapata
- Socio-Economic Class Revolution
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Mexican Revolution (1910 – 1920) (continued) …
- Emiliano Zapata and Pancho Villa lead revolutions in the countryside
- 1917, Mexico has a new constitution (very revolutionary) … ** U.S. Actions during the Revolution- 1913, military coup d'état – U.S. ambassador to Mexico involved in conspiracy
- 1914, bombing Veracruz – President Wilson authorizes U.S. Navy to use artillery shells against Mexican port of Veracruz - 1916, sending forces into Mexico – President Wilson sends American forces into Mexico after Pancho Villa
Pancho Villa
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Complexity of Race Painting “Redemption of Ham” (1895) by Modesto Brocos y Gomez
- African
- Mulatto (a)
- Mestizo (a)
- Peninsular
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Movie clip featuring Antonio Banderas as Pancho Villa at the Battle of Torreon
–Battle of Torreon (1913)
• What do you notice about the depiction of Pancho Villa during the battle and at the end of the clip?
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Jim Crow Laws and Segregation
• 1883 – (Domestic) Supreme Court Decision states that state governments cannot treat unequally but private businesses can.
• 1887 – (International) “Bayonet Constitution” restricts voting rights of native Hawaiians
• 1898 – (International) U.S. decision to annex the Philippines, because they are “unfit for self-rule”
- Why this decision?
• Supreme Court Decision - Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
• “Equal but separate accommodations”
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WHO were the “Progressives?”
WHY? Address the problems arising from:– Industrialization • Government needs to regulate Big Business, preventing
“Laissez-faire” economics–Urbanization • Growth of industry leads to larger percentage of
Americans living in cities, which leads to urban problems
– Inequality & social injustice
1920s1890s 1901 1917
“Progressive Reform Era”
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Progressivism
WHAT are their goals?• Democracy • Regulation of corporations & monopolies• Social justice • Environmental protection
• Apply lessons learned in the business industry to better organize society
Taylorism – scientific management
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Origins of Progressivism• “Muckrakers”• Jacob Riis – How the Other Half Lives (1890)• Ida Tarbell – “The History of the Standard Oil Co.” (1902)• Lincoln Steffens – The Shame of the Cities (1904)
Ida Tarbell Lincoln Steffens
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STATE POLITICAL REFORM
• direct primary
• Seventeenth Amendment (1913) – direct election of Senators
• Initiative
• Referendum
• Recall Robert M. LaFollette, Wisconsin Governor 1900-06
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Theodore Roosevelt: the “accidental President”
Republican (1901-1909)
• The “Bully Pulpit”
• “Square Deal”– 1902 Coal Strike &
arbitration
• Railroad regulation– Strengthen the Interstate
Commerce Commission
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• Regulating Food and Drugs
Why the reform?
- Selections from The Jungle
– "They use everything about the hog except the squeal."
– “These rats were nuisances, and the packers would put poisoned bread out for them; they would die, and then rats, bread, and meat would go into the hoppers together.”
– “[The] old sausage that had been rejected, and that was moldy and white – it would be dosed with borax and glycerine, and dumped, and made over again for home consumption.”
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Theodore Roosevelt:
• Regulating Food and Drugs
– 1906 Meat Inspection Act
– 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act