Palmer SEC: 86

Essential Question: What impact did Russia exiting and the US entering the war have on the war?

The Collapse of Russia and the Intervention of the United States

• War in Russia makes the Tsar extremely unpopular.

• March 17, 1917 First Revolution• Provisional Government• Made up of moderate liberals • View’s on war

• Second Revolution November 1917• April 1917 return of Lenin and he calls for peace• Bolshevik's view of the war

• Treaty of Brest-Litovsk March 1918

The Withdrawal of Russia

• Believed they had to defeat the conservative German Empire

• July 1917 continuation of war• In the summer of 1917 offensive they were again

defeated

• Viewed it as a capitalistic struggle• Believed the war would cause revolutions

elsewhere

• Russia lost Poland, the Ukraine, Finland and the Baltic provinces

• Implications???

• US debates entering the war

• Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare February 1, 1917. Why???• Zimmerman Note January 16, 1917

• Success of submarine warfare

• Allied Response

• America meets demands of war by sending aid to allies

The United States and the War

• Irish immigrants were anti British • German immigrants wanted to support

Germany • Russia was not a democracy

• Telegram to Mexico trying to get Mexico to attack US

• Britain was reduced to a six-week reserve of food rations

• April US declares war • Convoy system, Mines, Depth Charges, Air Reconnaissance

• Germans Final Push

• American Impact• French troops to France• Germany is overwhelmed• Armistice November 11, 1918• Germany was never invaded in the west.• Wilson's 14 points impact on Germany.

The Final Phase of the War

• Spring 1918 Germans try and push west before US could fully enter the war.

• All troops from eastern front were moved to the west. • July 15, 1918 Germans reach the Marne• July 18, 1918 Foch uses fresh American troops to lead counter

attack.• Focus on sharp narrow attacks along a long front. Force

Germans entire line to retreat.