Page 8 Easy English NEWS

Idiom CornerIllustrations by Dave Nicholson

Have you heard people use these idioms?

December 2017

1. not one's cup of tea

Something a personwould not like or enjoy

My friend wanted to goto the car races, but Jdidn't go with him. Carracing is not my cup oftea.

Ronnie has good looksand money, but badmanners. He's not mycup of tea.

2.

3.

to take the words rightout of someone'smouth

to say something that someoneelse was just about to say

You took the words right outof my mouth! I was going tosay the same thing!

I was about to say how muchI enjoyed our dinner, but shetook the words right out ofmy mouth.

to know which sideof the bread thebutter is on

to know whom to please

Terry's boss asked her towork on Saturday. She did,although she had plannedto go out with her friends.She knew which side of the

bread her butter was on.

Our history teacher saidwe should stay after schooltoday for an extra class.We had planned to go to a

4. to have butterflies inone's stomach

to be nervous before a

public performance

Mario had butterfliesin his stomach beforeschool. He had to givea speech in front of theclass in the afternoon.

Sarah had butterflies inher stomach when shewent for an interviewwith the companypresident.

movie, but we know whichside of the bread ourbutter is on.

Crossword Puzzle

eao

Funny StuffAn old man went

to the doctor.

"Doctor, this leghurts me a lot. Canyou do something?"

The doctorexamined* the leg."I'm afraid there isnothing I can do,"he said. "It's justold age."

"That can't be,"said the old man."My other leg is the same age. and it's perfectly fine."

zoo

Across

I. Round and cold: you can

make these when it snows.

8. Verb: December the last

month of the year.

10. A person who tells lies

Il. Machines need this to work

welJ (and quietly).

12. The person in charge of a

school13. Opposite of out14. Kansas (abbreviation)15. Wood can in water (not

sink).17 E nights before Christmas

Day and New Year is Day

20. Short name for Emily22. City in Arizona23. Michigan (abbreviation)

26.

29.

30.

32.

35.

36.

37.

38.

39.

40.

A writing of personalopinionOpposite ofyesShort name for Sally

Ocean to the east of U.S.

Georgia (abbreviation)

A country in North America

(abbreviation)

Put one's hand far out to try

to get somethingSpanish for USA: Estados

Unidos (abbreviation)

A question that has a

surprise answerLook for these in the

classified section of anewspaper.

1. The Court is the top

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

9.

13.

16.

18.

19.

21.

25.

27.28.

It's green or black. Oil for

salad and cooking comesfrom this.

To get a prize; to be the

fastest in a race, etc.

Opposite offrontGet up

Buy a of bread.

Funny in a childish way

He brings toys on Christmas

Eve.

Two words for I'm

Yours and mineImportant papers for

immigrants or travelers

Ocean mammalHaving to do with the mind:

health; illnessuse our to speak.

The sun is aLand around a house

31. Got old

33. Man's name

34. Initials for Captain Hook36. Opposite of down

Answersare on

page 11.

24. Short name for Evelyn court in the U.S.

December 2017 Easy English NEWS Page 9

Wildfires in California(continuedfrom page l)

Insurance companies estimated* that the damage*will be over four billion dollars.

California Governor Jerry Brown ordered a state ofemergency* in nine counties. Brown said that the fireswere one of the greatest tragedies* Californians ever

had to experience.

Why were California fires so bad this year?

California was in a drought* until 2016. During thefive-year drought, many trees and plants died. Thenheavy rains in the winter last year ended the drought.

The rains helped grass and brush* to grow well, farbetter than in other years. When the hot weather came,all of these new plants dried. Weeks of very hightemperatures in the summer turned the brush into theperfect tinder* for wildfires. Even a small spark* inwindy, dry conditions could grow quickly into a large

fire.

High winds up to 50 miles per hour made fires growhuge. Some fires multiplied to 20 times their size in a

day. They moved fast, burning everything in their path.

Some of the biggest fires were in Sonoma and Napa

counties. Sonoma and Napa are part of California's

famous wine country*.

Fire tragedies

Some of the fires spread* to homes in the middle

of the night when people were sleeping. Sadly, some

people were not able to get out.

Authorities* ordered more than 100,000 peoto evacuate* their homes. Families grabbed theirchildren, pets, and wallets and drove to the homes of

Shay Cook and her search dog, Zinka, inspect a burned-out truck in the

Coffey Park Area, October 17, 2017 in Santa Rosa, California. They are

from the Alameda County Sheriff's Offce Search and Rescue team.

A helicopter drops red fire retardant* on a wildfire to protect buildings on a ranch near Geyserville,

California, October 12, 2017 Thousands offirefighters battled the blæes

Kent PorterThe Press Democrat via AP

relatives and friends, orto shelters*. Some peoplefled* on foot becauseburning trees blockedroads.

The air was full oftoxic* smoke and ashes*.Highways were closedbecause of heavy smoke.Many people wore specialmasks to protect theirlungs. Some people hado -go-to hospitats•because-e

they breathed too muchsmoke.

NO way to I for help

Cell phone service

EXTREFp-

This sign with "Smokey Bear" near Gr.'fih Park in Los

Angeles, warns of the extremefire danger Temprature.s near

100 degrees F created the danger in October, 2017 throughout

Southern California AP PhotoDamian Dovarganes

stopped working in many areas. People

who needed help could not call to get it.People could not contact their families tosee if they were safe.

Fighting the fires

Thousands of firefighters worked forweeks to stop the blazes* from reachingpeople's homes. Helicopters and planesdropped water and chemicals to stop the

fires. They used bulldozers, chainsaws, and shovels to clear areas ofbrush and dead trees before the firecame.

Firefighters from Utah, Nevada.and other states came to helpthe fire crews* in California.Firefighters came from Canada andAustralia, too.

This Glen Ellen California was estroyed by wilØires October, 18, 201 Z Thefires

that burned t}vvugh grrts ofnine counties starting October 8 wen the &adliest and most

destructive blæes in California AP Phot&Ben Margot

Colby Clark, left and her mother, Bonnie Trexler, wear masks to protect against

the toxic smoke in the air, October. I I, 2017, in N'pa, California. Trexler was

oæ oft}w lucky pople whose home did not burn down in thefire Thefin burned

many other homes around hers. Randy Pench"lhe Sacramento Bee via AP

Page 10 Easy English NEWS

Buying meat(continuedfrom page 1)

Meat from lamb, pigs, andchickens

Lamb is meat from a babysheep. Lamb may be cut intolamb chops, leg of lamb (fora roast), or lamb for stew*.

Pork is meat from a pig.You can buy pork roast, porkchops, fresh ham, cookedham, spare ribs, and short ribs.Bacon and pork sausage* arefrom pigs, too.

You can also buy parts ofchickens and turkeys:breasts, drumsticks*,thighs* , and wings. Manypeople choose groundturkey or ground chickento use the same way ashamburger. You can alsobuy whole chickens andturkeys.

The heart, liver, andkidneys of animals arecalled organ meats*.

The less popular parts

of animals are madeinto hot dogs, sausage,

liverwurst* , andbologna*. Sliced ham,

bologna, roast beef,'Jiverwurst, and turkey are

called cold cuts.

Meat from pigs istaboo* for Muslims andJews. Meat from beef istaboo for Hindus. Somepeople never eat any meat.They feel it is not healthy.Others do not want to killanimals. They becomevegetarians* or vegans*.

Seafood

Favorite fish aresalmon, sole, flounder,

coc, tilapia, tuna, and

Leg of Iamb

Pork chops

Bacon

Chicken

Cold cuts

Fish

Salmon

Clams

Crab

haddock. Shellfish* such as lobsters,

crabs, shrimp, scallops, oysters, and

clams are popular, too. "Wild-caught"

fish may be more healthful than "farm-

raised" fish. Large ocean fish may have

mercury* in them. Pregnant women

should not eat swordfish or tuna.

Milk products

Dairy products aremade from milk (usuallymilk from cows). Wholemilk* has 4% fat.People who want less fatbuy 2% milk, 1% milk,or skim* milk (0% fat).

Gallon of milk

Cream is the fat in milk. There are

different kinds of cream: Half-and-

half, light cream, whipping cream, andheavy cream. Sour cream is made from

fermented* cream.

Other types of milk are organic*milk, lactose-free* milk, buttermilk,chocolate milk, goat milk, rice milk,almond milk, and soy milk. (Soy milk ismade from soybeans.)

Yogurt is a popular fermented milkfood. You can buy plain yogurt oryogurt with fruitin it.

There are many

different kinds ofcheese. Cheddar,

Swiss, andmozzarella arepopular. Cottagecheese is a softcheese product.

Eggs

Brown eggsand white eggs

How many oftirsecheeses can you name?

A dozen

come from different types of chickens.

Organic eggs and eggs from cage-freechickens may be more healthful and

generally cost more.

All photos from Bigstockphoto.com

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December 2017

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Easy English NEWS Page 11

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Questions

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NEWSTODAY

Answers toCrossword Puzzle

Western Wildfires(pages 1 and 9)

1. Tell five causes of wildfiresin western states every year.

2. Tell five facts about thewildfires that were inCalifornia this year.

3. Why were the fires so bad

this year?4. What made them so

dangerous to people?5. Who helped put out the fires?

6. Why was it hard for people

to learn if their familymembers were safe?

7. What problems did the

smoke cause?

8. Tell the meaning of these

words: blaze, drought, spark,tinder, ashes, fled, toxic,wine country, estimate,

arsonist, contain, destroy.

Buying meat (pages I and 10)

l. What animals do these

meats come from: pork?

Beef? Veal? T-bone steak?

Hamburger? Bacon? Ham?

Lamb?2. What meats are "taboo"?

What meats can you not find

in American supermarkets?

3. How is whole milk different

from skim milk?4. Do you eat fish often? What

kinds of fish do you like?

5. Tell the meaning of thesewords: preserved, stew,tabocn steak, vegetarian,

vegan. organic, poultry.

Events in Decemb(pages 2 and 3)

l.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Tell the dates of theseholidays: Bill of RightsDay, Wright Brothers Day,Christmas Eve, Kwanzaa.When does winter begin?What is winter like in yourhome country?

Why are the Wright brothersfamous? How are today'splanes different from theplane in the 1903 photo?

What do carolers do?

How did Saint Nicholasbecome Santa Claus?

Is there a gift-giving holiday

in your native country? Who

gets gifts? Who gives gifts?What are some American

customs on Christmas Eve?

What are some customsduring Kwanzaa?

digital-edition to sign uptoday!

think i} goodsize for a drink of soda or

juice?3. How do people get to work

or to school in your home

country?

4. Tell the meaning of thesewords: crowded, joyful,landlord, receipt, furnished,clam chowder.

Ask Elizabeth (page 5)

1. Has the U.S. measuringsystem been confusing toyou? How do you convert itto sizes that you understand?

2. Tell the meaning of thesewords: decimal-based,voluntary, regulation, pilot.

Winter in the U.S. (page 6)

9. What holidays do you

celebrate in December?

10. What do you plan to do on

New Year's Eve?

Il. Tell the meaning of these

words: ally, temple, eternal,amendment, pilot. memorial,charity, reindeer, fast,

principle, decorate, faith,donation, miracle, sleigh.

This Is Your Page (page 4)

l. Have you ever lived in anapartment? Tell about it.

What was the apartment

like? The landlord? Did youneed any repairs?

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

What is winter like in yourhome country?Do you like winter in theplace you live now? Why orwhy not?If the temperature is 40degrees Fahrenheit, what isthe temperature in Celsius?Why should a person dressin layers in the winter?Why is it important to know

9. What are some safety rulesabout home heating?

10. Why is indoor air dry in

winter? What can you do toget moisture in the air?

ll. Tell the meaning of thesewords: waterproof, cotton,frostbite, smoke detector,carbon monoxide detector.

Ellis Island, the "Island ofTears" (page 7)

l. What was the purpose ofEllis Island between 1892and 1954?

2. Where were most immigrantsfrom during that time?

3. What is the purpose of Ellis

the wind-chill factor?6. How does your school let

people know when it will beclosed because of weather?

7. What can you do to preventslipping on an icy sidewalk?

8. How can you keep warmenough at home?

4.

5.

6.

7.

Island today?Describe the travelingconditions for poor peoplecoming to the United States.What were three conditionsan immigrant must pass inorder to get in to the UnitedStates at Ellis Island?Why was Ellis Island calledthe "Island of Tears?"Tell the meaning of thesewords: harbor. trace. lice.bunk beds, prove. support,handicaps.

Page 12 Easy English NEWS December 2017

WORD HELPSome of the words below have many meanings. We give only the

meanings you need for this month 's newspaper.

acre noun. A measure of landequal to 43,560 square feet; 640acres one square mile.advertising noun. paid

announcements in newspapers,radio, TV, and Internet, to askpeople to buy a product.air mattress noun phrase. A bedmade from material that can befilled with air.ally noun (plural: allies). Nationsthat are friendly to each other andhelp each other in a war.amendment noun. A change oraddition to the Constitution.

ancestor noun. A grandparent,

great grandparent, etc.

architect noun. A personwho draws the plans for theconstruction of a building.arsonist noun. A criminal who

sets fires on purpose.

ashes noun. plural, The softpowder that remains after a fire

has burned something.

attack verb. To act violently

against a person or a place.Auld Lang Syne [awld lang ziynl

Song title. Days of long ago.

authorities noun, plural Police.firefighters, or others who

manage a situation.

bag verb. To catch in a net.

battery noun. A device for

storing an electrical charge.birth noun. The time when a

baby is born.

bishop noun. A high priest in

the Catholic religion.blaze noun. The flames of a fire.

bologna [buh LOH nee] noun. A

meat made from scraps of beef,

pork and other meats.brush noun. Trees, bushes, grass.

bunk bed noun phrase. A set ofbeds, one on top of the other.

butcher noun. A person whose job

is to cut up meat from animals.

calculate verb. To add, subtract,

multiply, divide.

calf noun (plural: calves). A

young cow.

campfire noun. A fire thatpeople use for cooking when

camping in the woods.

carbon monoxide detectornoun phrase. A device to warn

people of danger when carbon

monoxide (CO) is present. (CO

has no smell, and can kill people.)

carelessness noun. Acts that are

done without thinking.

carol I. noun. A traditionalChristmas song. 2. verb. To sing

holiday songs.

cartoonist noun. A person who

draws funny pictures.

eat litter noun phrase. Materialused in cat toilet boxes.

cattle noun, plural. Cows, bulls,

steer, calves, oxen.

C.E. adverb. In the common

era. Christians call this A.D.

(after the death of Jesus Christ).

ceremony noun. Formalactivities for a special occasion.

ebarity noun. An organization

that collects money to help people.

cbilJ verb. To make cold.

chimney noun. A large pipe

through-a house's ceiling;smoke from a stove or fireplace

goes ap and out of a housethrough the chimney.ebop noun. A cut ofmeat that includes a rib bone,Christian noun. A person who

follows the teachings of Jesus,

chubby adjective, Polite word

for fat.

church services noun phrase,plural. A set of songs, prayers,

and a sermon at a church.clam chowder noun phrase,A thick soup made with a sea

animal.

community noun. A group of

people; a neighborhood or town.Congress noun. The House of

Representatives and the Senate.

consonant noun. A sound in

which lips, teeth, or tongue

touch each other.construction noun. The buildingof homes, roads, bridges. etc.

.contain verb To stop a firefrom spreading.convert verb. To change.cooperative economics nounphrase. plural. Acts of working

together to make money.corned beef noun phrase. Beef

preserved with salt and spices.

costliest adjective, superlativeform of costly. The mostexpensive.

cotton noun. A soft cloth made

from a plant.

crew noun. A group who work

together.crowded adjective. Filled with

many people.

culture noun. The language, art,

music, and traditional stories of

a group of people.

damage noum Things that are

destroyed, ruined, or lost after a

fire, nood. or other disaster.

deadliest adjective. superlative

form. That killed the most people.

decimal-based adjective. Based

on the number 10.

declare verb. To say something

officially.

decorate verb. To put things onwalls, windows, etc., to make

them interesting or beautiful.

destroy verb. To ruin somethingcompletely.

disease noun. A sickness.donation noun. A gift to a

charity, person, or a group.

double adjective. Having two

parts.

double decker noun phrase.Having two levels, decks, or

floors.drought [DROWTI noun. A

long time without rain.

drumstick noun. Leg of a

chicken or turkey.

Dutch noun. The people who

live in the Netherlands.

Eastern Orthodox Christiannoun phrase. A branch of

Christianity in Eastern Europe.

elevator noun. A machine that

moves people up and down to

different floors of a building.

empire noun. A group of

countries ruled by one person

(emperor).

estimate verb. To guess, based

on some facts.

eternal adjective. Lasting forever.

evacuate verb. To leave one's

home because of danger.

evaporate verb. To change from

a liquid to a gas.

evergreen adjective. Keeping

its leaves all year round.

examine verb. To look at

something carefully.

Fahrenheit noun. A scale of

temperature where water freezesat 320 and boils at 2120.faith noun. A strong belief in

a god or a religion without

needing proof.

fast verb. To stop eating for a

period of time.

fermented adjective. Changed

by acidic bacteria.

ferry noun. A boat that carries

many people across a small

body of water.

fine noun. Money paid as a

punishment for breaking a law.

fire retardant noun phrase.Chemicals that slow down the

burning of a fire.

fireworks noun, plural.

Explosive deuces that give off

bright lights or loud noises.

fled verb (past tense of flee). To

run from danger.Founding Fathers noun phrase.plural. The men who wrote the

Declaration of Independence

and the U.S. Constitution.frostbite noun. A dangerouscondition when fingers, toes,ears, or nose freeze.

fuel [FYOOLI noun. Gasoline,oil, kerosene.

furnished adjective. Having abed, chairs, table, etc.ground adjective. Cut into verysmall pieces in a machine.gum ridge noun phrase. Thehard part of the mouth behindthe teeth.ham noun. Meat from the upperleg of a pig.handicap noun. A disability;

being lame, blind, or unable to

work.

hanger noun. A device that

holds clothing in a closet.

harbor noun. An area of water

away from the ocean, where it

is safe for ships.humidifier noun. A device to add

water vapor to the air in a room.

immigrant noun. A person who

comes to live in a new country.

inspection noun. A close look.

jolly adjective. Cheerful.joyful adjective. Very happy.

kerosene noun. A kind of oil

burned in lamps and heaters.

kit noun. A set of things that are

needed to fix something.label noun. Information writtenor printed on a product.

lactose-free adjective. Without

milk sugar.landlord noun. Person who

owns a building, apartment, or

home and rents it to others.

layers noun, plural. More than

one thickness of clothing; T-shirt,

sweater, and jacket, for example.

lice noun, plural of louse. A

tiny bug that lives in the hair

of animals. It eats a person's

blood, and causes itching.limit noun. The highest orlowest amount.liverwurst noun. A sandwich

meat made from pork liver.

memorial noun. A building or

monument to honor someone

who has died.

menorah (muh NOR uh] noun.

A device for holding eight

candles and one helper candle.

mercury noun. A heavy, liquid,

silvery white metal.

metric system noun phrase.A decimal-based system ofweights and measures: gram,liter, meter. kilogram, kilometer.

miracle noun. An act that seemsimpossible; something only God

could have done.

moisture noum Wetness.moisturizer noun. Something toprevent or heal dry lips.mosque noun. [MAHSKI The

house of worship for Muslims.

nab verb. To catch someone

who is running away.

neighborhood noun, The houses

and streets in an area.

numb adjective. [NUMI Having

no feeling.organ meat noun phrase. Liver,

heart, kidneys, etc.

organic adjective. Grown

naturally, with no artificial

fertilizers, pesticides, hormones,

or additives.

ornament noun. A decoration.overweight adjective. Too

heavy; fat,patron saint noun phrase. Asaint who is said to protect a

group of people.Pearl Harbor noun phrase. AnAmerican naval base (where

ships were located) nearHonolulu, Hawaii.

penalty noun. A punishment;

money one has to pay afterbreaking a law,pilot l. noun. A person whodrives a plane. 2- verb. To drivea plane.plow noun. A truck with a snowpusher in front to clear roads.plump adjective. Fat, in a cuteway.polyester noun. A cloth madefrom synthetic (man-made, notnatural) fibers.pork noun. Meat from a pig.poultry (POHL treel noun.Birds raised on a farm for food:chickens, turkeys, etc.preserve verb. To keep for along time without spoiling.principle noun. A value or ideal

to guide one's actions.

prohibit verb. Forbid; Not allow.

prophet noun. l. A person

who says he brings messages

from God. 2. Another name for

Mohammed, the founder of Islam.

prove verb. To give facts that

show that something is true.

Queens noun. The largestborough of New York City.

receipt noun. A paper thatshows that a person has paid.

regulation noun. A rule made

by a government agency.reindeer noun. A deer that lives

in the northern parts pf Europe.remembrance noun. The act ofremembering a person or event.

rights noun, plural. Freedomsand actions that are protected by

the government.roast noun, A large piece ofmeat that is cooked in an oven.rock salt noun phrase. Specialsalt used to melt ice.

route [ROOT or ROWTI noun.

The way to a specific place.

saint noun. A person declared

by the Catholic church to have a

special relationship with God.

sausage noun. A tube of

ground-up meat and spices.

separate adjective. Kept apart.

shellfish noun. A sea animal

with a shell: lobster. shrimp.

crab, clam, oyster, etc.

shelter noun. A temporary place

that is safe from danger.

skim adjective. Without cream.sleigh [slay) noun. A wagon thatcan slide over the snow.smoke detector noun phrase. Adevice that makes a loud noisewhen there is smoke in a room.sob verb. Cry with soft noises.

sober adjective. Able to think

and act clearly; not drunk.spark noun. A tiny speck of fire.spice noun. A dried seed or

other part of a plant that is usedfor flavoring food.

spread verb. To increase; to filla larger area; to become bigger.state of emergency nounphrase. A time of danger or

disaster where a governmentuses extra actions and spends

more money to solve a problem.Statue of Liberty noun phrase,

A large statue in NH. Harbor, a

gift from the people of Franceto the people of the U.S.steak noun. A slice of meat from

the fleshy part of an animal.

stew noun. A thick soup of

meat. potatoes, and vegetables.

support verb. To pay for

someone's living costs.

Swahili noun. Language ofthe Bantu people (used as a

second language by

A fricans).

taboo noun. Something notallowed by religion or people'sfeelings.

temperature noum The

measurement of heat.temple noun. A church or houseof worship.

thermometer noun. A device

for measuring heat in degrees.thigh noun. Upper leg.Times Square noun phrase.In New York City, whereBroadway crosses 42nd Streetand 7th Avenue.

tinder noun. Small dry thingsthat can burn quickly.toast noun. A drink to honor orwelcome something.toxic adjective. Poisonous.Harmful to life.

trace verb. To discover bygoing back from parents tograndparents to other ancestors.

tradition noun. Something that

has been done for a long time.

traditional adjective. Following

the customs of long ago.

tragedy noun. A sad event; a

death.

treaty noun. An agreement

between two countries.

unity noun. State of belonging

to a group and working

together.

vegan [VEE grhn) noun. A person

who eats food from plants only.

vegetarian noun. A person who

does not eat meat.vehicle noun Car, bus, track, etc.

voiced adjective. With

vibrations of the vocal cords.

voiceless adjective. Spoken

without the vocal cords.

voluntary adjective. Not

forced; done willingly.

waterproof adjective. Will not

allow water to go through.

weather report noun phrase.

News about the weather.

whistle noun. A device that

makes a loud, shrill sound.

whole milk noun phrase, Milk

with all of its cream.

wildfire noun. A dangerous fire

that burns through vegetation:

forests, fields, brush.

wind-chill factor noun phrase.The way the temperature feels

because of the wind.

wine country noun phrase. An

area where farmers grow grapes

that will be made into wine.

wingspan noum Thedistancebetween the tips of the wings.

winter solstice noun phrase.The day with the fewest hours

of light.

wool noun. Cloth made from the

hair of sheep.