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Welcome! On behalf of the Tribal Council and myself, I would like to personally extend a warm welcome to

our families, our friends and our visitors at our 20th Annual Powwow. The Choctaw Apache Tribe of Ebarb, recognized in 1978 by the State of Louisiana as an American Indian Tribe, is now a tribe of over 6,000 members strong and still growing! The tribe still continues work on the federal recognition process. Currently, we have several programs available for Native Americans. One program, the U.S. Department of Education/Office of Indian Education benefits nearly 1,000 Native Americans enter the work force. We have established several committees to help our tribal. They include the pow wow committee the coordinates our annual pow wow, special events committee that oversees Veterans events, elderly festivals, Bass Bash and arts festivals, Anolia Committee which produces a tribal newspaper on a quarterly bases; grant committee that searches and writes tribal grants; enrollment committee that maintains our tribal rolls and new membership; federal recognition committee that works at addressing our letter of deficiency from the BIA; Land development Committee that strives to develop the 32 acres acquired for SRA for 99 years. In order to develop pow wow ground, museums and eventually tribal offices in Ebarb; all of these committees are put in place to serve our people. This is my second term in office and along with our tribal council and we try to maintain an open door policy for all tribal and committee members. I am here to serve our people and to look out for their best interest.

John W. Procell Tribal Chairman

Choctaw Apache Tribe of Ebarb

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Tribal Council Chairman: John W. Procell Vice Chairman: Jake Rivers Treasurer: Virginia Malmay

Secretary: Pam Cartinez Tom Rivers Ione P. Durr

Rebecca Samples Robert Caldwell

Susan Lee Joanne Sepeda

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Pow Wow Committee

Rebecca Samples Jake Rivers

Pam Cartinez Jerry Cartinez Amelia Bison

Joanne Sepeda

Virginia Malmay Nancy Sanchez Christin Leone

Melodie Hubbard Alexis Hubbard Marla Ferguson

Roger Ferguson Susie Sepulvado

Kallie Russell Dorothy Harper

Tom Rivers

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CHOCTAW APACHE TRIBE OF EBARB 20TH ANNUAL POW WOW

FRIDAY APRIL 19TH AND SATURDAY APRIL 20TH 2013 AT

EBARB HIGH SCHOOL BASEBALL FIELD MASTER OF CEREMONIES ..................... TIM TALLCHIEF (OSAGE NATION) ARENA DIRECTOR ................................. ROLAND THOMOPSON (COUSHATTA) HEAD GOURD DANCER ......................... KEN DIXON (CHOCTAW) HEAD MAN ........................................... RANDY SOLMON (CHOCTAW) HEAD LADY ........................................... HAZEL STABLER (OJIBWA/YAQUI) DRUMS ................................................ SOUTHERNTREE SINGERS (ALABAMA COUSHATTA) HEAD LITTLE LADY ................................ KIRSTEN SEPULVADO (CHOCTAW APACHE TRIBE OF EBARB) HEAD LITTLE MAN ................................ Garrett Rivers (CHOCTAW APACHE TRIBE OF EBARB)

FRIDAY 6:00GOURD DANCING 7:00.GRAND ENTRY 8:00.SOCIAL DANCING

SATURDAY 10:00 ........ GOURD DANCING 12:00 ........ LUNCH 1:00 .......... GRAND ENTRY 2:00 .......... SOCIAL DANCING 5:00 .......... DINNER 6:00 .......... GOURD DANCING 7:00 .......... GRAND ENTRY 8:00 .......... SOCIAL DANCING

THIS IS A DRUG, AND ALCOHOL FREE EVENT

NO COOLERS ALLOWED FOR MORE INFORMATION CALL THE

CHOCTAW APACHE TRIBAL OFFICE AT 318-645-2588 SPONSERED BY SABINE PARISH TOURIST COMMISSION,

IN PART BY THE PARAGON CASINO, AND SABINE PARISH CHAMBER OF COMMERECE

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Chief John W. Procell

Our Current Chief

John W. Procell, a United States Army Veteran, was elected Choctaw Apache Chief and Tribal Chairperson in August 2005. Procell's vision and energy have seen an approximate 40% increase in enrollment over the last year. Procell's main goal during his administration is to reinvigorate and renew the quest for federal recognition of the tribe, thereby increasing opportunities and advancement for its people. Procell has an open-door policy and invites anyone with questions or concerns to contact him.

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Our Chiefs, Past and Present Raymond L. Ebarb

Roy Procell

Hester Escott

Tommy Bolton

John W. Procell

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Head LadyHazel StablerOjibwa/Yaqui

Hazel Dardar, a member of the Ojibwa and Yaqui tribes, is the daughter of Theresa and the late Jack Hard, Sr. of Anadarko, Oklahoma. She currently resides in Youngsville, Louisiana with her family. Hazel is a traditional dancer, who has been dancing since childhood, and has traveled the Pow Wow circuit throughout the U.S. and Canada. She has won many dance competitions and has been honored as Head Lady Dancer on many occasions since the age of 16. She has held many Pow Wow princess titles in her youth, and later, has served as a judge and organizer for young Native women Pageants. She also had the privilege of serving on the panel of judges for the Miss Indian USA pageant in Washington DC,

and the Choctaw Princess Pageant in Philadelphia, MS.

Hazel is an accomplished clothing designer whose focus is on contemporary traditional clothing and won many design awards for her efforts. She enjoys traveling and presenting fashion shows of her designs at various events and openings for museums, universities and festivals. Hazel also owns and operates a successful BABYLOCK sewing machine dealership in Youngsville, LA, where she teaches various beading, sewing, machine embroidery and heirloom techniques.

She serves on several educational committees where she has the opportunity to share her studies and accomplishments through cultu8ral exchanges and presentations. Hazel is also the captain of her tennis team and enjoys cross fit, cycling and dancing.

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The Lords Prayer in the Choctaw Language

Chitokaka vba ish binili mal Our Father which art in Heaven, Chi Hohchifo hvt holittopashke Hallowed be thy name. Chim apehlichika yvt vlashkw. Thy kingdom come, Nana ish ai ahni ka yakni pakaya a yohmi kvt Thy will be done on earth, Vba yakni a yohmi mak o chiyuhmashke. As it is in Heaven. Himal nittak ilhpvk pim ai vlhpesa kako ish pi ipetashke Give us this day, our daily bread Mikmvt nana il aheka puta ish pi kashoffi kvt, And forgive us our debts, Pishno vt nana pim aheka put ail I kashoffi chatuk a ish chiyuhmichashke As we forgive our debtors Mikmvt anukpvlika yoka ik ia chik pim aiahno hosh, And lead us not into temptation, Amba nanokpulo a ish pi a hlakofihinchashke: But deliver us from evil: Apehlichika, mikmvt nan-isht-aiahli, For Thine is the kingdom and the power, Micha isht aholittopa aiena kvt chimmi a bilia yoke. and the glory forever. Amen

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About the Choctaw Apache Tribe of Ebarb The Choctaw Apache Community of Ebarb is located in western Sabine Parish and includes in its ancestral territory of Ebarb, Blue Lake, and Grady Hill, Converse, Noble, and Zwolle. Officially recognized by the state of Louisiana in 1978, the Tribe is the second largest of eight officially recognized American Indian groups within the state. The Tribe I currently is seeking federal recognition by the U.S. Department of the interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs. Members of the tribe live within the ancestral boundaries; the remainder lives elsewhere in the state and in the United States. The three primary schools in which our children are enrolled are Ebarb, Zwolle, and Converse (with Ebarb being recognized as a Native American.) Historically, members of the tribe are descendants of Apache slaves who were sold at slave markets in French and Spanish colonial era Natchitoches and Los Adaes. Oral history tells us that the Choctaw ancestors arrives in the region during the late 1700s and early 1800s, many in search of better hunting territories. Additionally, the first Indian agent of the Louisiana Purchase territory, Dr. John Sibley, gave refuge to Choctaw in an effort to protect them from persecution by their Creek neighbors, and subsequently moved two families into the area during the middle 1820s. Recent research into the tribes history has brought light that many of the Indians ancestors were natives of the Spanish mission and presidio of Los Adaes, adding a strong Adais identity to the Tribe. This fact dates the tribes ancestry to the early 1720s and gives the distinction of being one of the few Indian groups of the state. Miscellaneous Historical Facts of the Choctaw Apache Tribe of Ebarb:

The Choctaw Apaches Tribe of Ebarb was incorporated by the state of Louisiana in 1978 Our members are ancestors of the thirteen original families: Procella (Procell), DelRio (Rivers),

Sanchez (Santos), Martinez, Bermea (Malmay), YBarbo (Ebarb), Sharnack (Ezernack), Rameries (Remedies), Leone, Padilla (Paddie), Sepeda (Sepulvado), Garcia (Garcie), Cartinez.

Our ancestors began coming to this area in 1760s. For many years, our people farmed and worked in the timber and oil industry. In the 1970s, he states of Texas and Louisiana staked its claim on over 180,000 acres of

ancestral land. This forced the people the people to sell their land for as little as $25 an acre. The people were removed from Toledo Bend Reservoir to be created.

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POWWOW

A Significant Gathering

The Powwow is an American Indian gathering focusing on dance, song and family celebration. Traditionally, it is a celebration presented by one tribe or band to welcome and honor others. Powwows are usually three day weekend events and people may travel great distances at attend. The main Powwow season is summer (traditionally beginning with a Powwow in March in Denver), however there has been a resurgence of Powwows in the last decade, making it possible to attend a Powwow every weekend year round in North America. All people (including non-Indian people) are welcome at Powwows and are encouraged to attend one, as experiencing a Powwow can be a valuable and fascinating cultural experience for non-Indian people unfamiliar with our neighbors, and the Indian people.

There are several different kinds of Powwows, thought the two most common are known as traditional and competition Powwows, respectively. In traditional Powwows everyone who participates in the dance or singing programs is awarded day money. While there is still a degree of competition in the dancing events, it is somewhat informal and ceremonies such as honorings, giveaways, first dances and adoptions are also important activities of the day. A competition Powwow, on the other hand, has significant prize money available for the dancers, depending upon the resources available to the individual host tribe. While everyone can still compete and dance, only the dancers who place near the top of the competition receive prize money. Drum groups also compete for prize money.

The Powwow is organized by the Powwow committee, a dedicated group of members of the host tribe. Their work involves the bringing together of the drums, dancers, entertainment, food, crafts booths, and the administration of the Powwow grounds (parking, registration, camping, sanitation, sound system, and security). Once the Powwow begins, it is run by the Master of Ceremonies (MC) and Arena Directors. Different MCs have different styles and the choice of an MC greatly influences the feel of the Powwow. The MCs provide a running commentary of events, announcements, and most importantly background information about the dances, rituals and spirit of the Powwow. Instilling appropriate humor into the proceedings is also the work of the MC. The Arena Directors keep the event moving and manage the flow of activity in the arena. At any one time, they may be telling the drums who will play next and what kind of song to have ready, seeing to the accommodations of the judges, or organizing the dancers. It is an extremely active and important job.

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What to do or not do at a Pow-Wow Its always good to see people from many different backgrounds attending powwows, and learning more about Native cultures and ways, but sometimes not everyone acts as they should. Here are some general guidelines to follow:

The Arena:

Blessed before dancing, the arena is considered a sacred ground and should be treated with respect. Profanity and unruly behavior should not be used. Never cut across it to get to the opposite side. Treat the arena as you would treat church. Go in the door and out the same way. The MC will specify who is to dance and when spectators may participate.

Recording:

Photos of individual dancers should only be taken with their permission and no commercial photography without first checking with the MC and powwow staff. Tape recording of the drums should be done only after asking the drum group. Video recording should be only for personal use, unless by previous arrangement with the staff. Absolutely no recording of any kind on Honor Songs, Gourd Dancing, prayers, or at any other time the MC specifies.

Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs:

Powwows have strict rules against alcohol and drug use in the entire area of the powwow, and most prohibit smoking near the arena.

Arts and Crafts:

At any given powwow, you will find a wide array of traditional arts, handmade crafts, and jewelry for sale. Often this is how these vendors make a living, and sell quality goods at a reasonable price. Most will not accept checks, so it is a good idea to have cash on hand. Please use care when handling merchandise, and please watch your children.

The Regalia:

Dancers wear traditional regalia, not costumes, when they dance. Every part of a dancers regalia is very important to him or her for various reasons. Many hours go into the intricate beadwork and detailing, and full set of regalia may take years to complete. The feathers or leather may be over 100 years old and fragile. Please never handle any part of a dancers outfit. Complete and proper full regalia often costs a great deal of time and/or money. For example, a mans roach now runs over $300, and banded-selvedge wool broadcloth runs around $75 per yard. Southern buckskin beaded dresses will run over $4000. If you arent prepared to invest at least a few hundred dollars, stick with nice ribbon shirts and shawls. They are always acceptable, and are infinitely more respectful than wearing a half-baked attempt at regalia. Those who arent of Indian descent dont usually dress in regalia unless they are married to or adopted-by an Indian, but it is perfectly acceptable for anyone to wear a nice ribbon shirt or ladies pow-wow shawl.

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Mens Dances:

Northern Traditional-

The dancer wears a bustle, often of eagle fathers, a bone bead breastplate, leggings, beaded moccasins, a beaded belt, ankle bells, a porcupine roach headdress, breechcloth, various beaded accessories, and carries an eagle feather fan. These dancers often paint their faces in different styles, sometimes derived from their family or nations designs. Out of respect for this dance, spectators may be asked to stand.

Southern Straight-

In this style, the dancer represents a warrior scouting the enemy. The regalia usually consist of a porcupine roach, or an otter-skin turban, an otter skin trailer, vest, bead or ribbon work, arm cuffs, leggings, a breechcloth, a bandolier, beaded moccasins, and a ribbon shirt. The dancer carriers a feather fan, and perhaps a staff.

Grass-

This is the oldest style of the powwow dances. Originating in the plains, there are several stories as to how it started. One version (Ponca) tells of when, long ago, the people went to an isolated spot on the prairie to give thanks. Some of the men stomped down the grasses to make way for dancing. The regalia consist of yokes and breechcloths fringed with rows of brightly colored yarn (grass), usually a roach headdress, fringed anklets, and sheep bells worn around the lower legs. Grass dancers use many sways, dips, and sliding steps.

Fancy-

This dance originated in Oklahoma and is one that lets each dancer demonstrate this athletic and originality. Acrobatics are not uncommon, and this dance requires a lot of endurance. The men wear double bustles, usually trimmed with brightly dyed hackle feathers, decorated yokes, and breechcloths, angora anklets with sheep bells, beaded moccasins, armbands, and a porcupine roach.

Womens Dances:

Northern Traditional-

There are two types: buckskin dresses often have fully beaded yolks, long fringe, and the dancers may wear long breastplates, and beaded moccasins and leggings. Cloth dresses are commonly decorated with elk teeth or dentalium shells, and breastplates. Both style of dancers carry a shawl folded over an arm, and carry an eagle feather fan. This dance is one the requires much skill to stay in perfect rhythm, stepping lightly, slightly bobbing up and down, and allowing the fringe on their dresses and shawls to sway gracefully.

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Southern Traditional-

The style of these dresses comes from the southern plains down to the Gulf States. Also included are the long, tiered dresses common to the southeast. Some have elaborate ribbon work (depending on the wearers Nation), a shawl folded over an arm, and maybe a concho belt. The beat is slower on Southern songs, and the dancer sways side-to-side gracefully as she steps.

Jingle Dress-

This dance comes from the Ojibway Nation and started in about the 1920s. The dresses are decorated with rolled snuff can lids (other types of metal lids may be used), which hit each other when the dancer moves, creating a pleasing jingle sound. She carries a feather fan, and sometimes a scarf or beaded purse. Beaded leggings, moccasins, and a beaded or concho belt complete the outfit. Besides the traditional jingle step, they also use a sidestep, in which the dancer moves both feet along in a slide-type motion, or steps sideways to the beat.

Fancy Shawl-

This dance is said to represent the transition of a cocoon to a butterfly. Women wear calf-length skirts, a beaded or sequined cape/vest, and matching leggings and moccasins. The shawl is worn across the shoulders, and held slightly out the elbows. The dancer uses spins and freestyle footwork to demonstrate her originality.

Gourd Dance-

At many powwows, the Southern Plains tradition of the Gourd Dance is observed. This is a ceremonial dance done only by members of certain warrior societies or clans, and serves to bless and cleanse the dance circle. Songs are always sung in sets of four, and the group participates in each song four times. Women, who are auxiliary members, dance behind the men in an outer circle.

While the public is welcome to observe these proceedings, absolutely no photos or recordings of any kind are to be made.

Round Dance-

Is a social dance that all dancers and spectators may participate in. It is done in a clockwise circle stepping to the left in time to the drumbeat. Sometimes this is done as a Friendship Dance with two concentric circles moving in opposite directions with people shaking hands as they pass each other.

Blanket Dance-

Is done for a specific purpose such as defraying travel expenses of a special performance group or to raise funds for special needs.

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Unscheduled Special Dance-

The most common unscheduled special is a dance required when a participant drops an eagle feather. When that happens, the feather can only be picked up by a veteran (usually the head veteran), who, along with three other veterans, then dances in honor of the fallen warrior represented by the feather. When the dance concludes, the head veteran picks up the feather and returns it to the dancer who dropped it. Songs sung during this ritual are called Charging the Feather songs. The dance is an embarrassment to the dancer who dropped the feather, who often will not claim it. They must, however, in one way of the other give it away. One explanation among many for this tradition is that when an eagle drops a feather and a human picks it up, the eagle does not return to demand the feather back. Therefore, neither should a human who dropped an eagle feather expect it to be returned.

Dances and Events

Grand Entry

The Grand Entry begins all powwows (unless there is Gourd Dancing). It is the important first song, bringing all the dancers into the arena. The dancers enter in a certain order, often as follows: Flag bearers first, then head dancers, veterans, royalty, mens Northern Traditional, Southern Traditional, Womens Northern, Womens Southern, Grass dancers, Jingle, Mens Fancy, Womens fancy shawl, then the children.

Flag Song

Just as the United States has its own National Anthem, almost every tribe has its own Flag Song, which is a song dedicated to the flags that are brought into the dance circle during Grand Entry. The Flag Song is sung every time the flags are brought in, and every person in the arena must stand and be silent to give the flag its proper respect.

Veteran Song

There are very few people in Native American culture who are as highly regarded as veterans. Going back hundreds of years, songs have been sung for their actions, and this tradition continues today. This century, Veterans songs have been written for WWI, WWII, Korea, Viet Nam, and the Gulf War. Several tribes have their own Veterans Songs. When a Veterans song is sung, all those who can stand must, and remove their hats in respect for those who served their country.

Contest Song

Some powwows are competitions (alright, most are now). Dancers are grouped by dance style and age, and complete for cash prizes. Each may be judged on creativity, staying with the beat, and stopping at the right time. Many dancers make their living this way, yet many do not complete, because they do not approve of such things.

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Intertribal

Everyone-Native American or not is invited to come out into the arena and dance.

Tiny Tots

Children are cherished in Native cultures, and many are started into the powwows at an early age. Tiny Tots are for children under 5 years. Boys and girls that can hardly walk may be dressed in full regalia, and mothers may take babies out. Everyone who participates is given a small gift, such as candy or a dollar.

Honor Song

An Honor Song is sung for an individual for different reasons. For example, he or she may have just graduated, lost a loved one, gained a new family member, or is starting a new style of dance. During this song and dance, no recording if any kind is allowed. After the dancer and his or her family and friends circle the arena once, everyone is invited to come and pay their respects, then take their place behind them to finish the dance.

Give Away

Giveaways usually go hand-in-hand with Honor Songs. Gifts of any size are given for any of a number of reasons. Maybe apparently for no reason at all, just to give. Gifts are often given to complete strangers, which not only make the giver feel good, but shows their generosity. If an individual does not have much money, his or her family and friends will donate gifts.

Mens Fancy Shawl

Basically, this dance is for the men to wear a womans shawl and try to dance like Fancy Shawl dancers. Always entertaining to observe, as of course, most men dont look much like butterflies as they stomp around. A winner is sometimes chosen by applause (and laughter).

Entering the Circle This section is for new dancers, who have not grown up around the Pow-wow arena. Many tribes did not originally take part in Pow-wows, particularly those living in the eastern United States. However, today, many descendants of these tribes are wanting to enter the dance arena. It would be best to learn from the Indian who has been around the Pow-wow arena a long time. However, some of these people have no family or friends to learn the ropes from, as those of us in Indian Country have. So be very wary of listening to anyone who dyes their hair black, calls themselves names like Pale Moon Dove or Two Bears Standing, or in any other way doesnt seem legitimate. They problem arent. For those of you who dont have anyone to learn from, here are a few tips to help you along.

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When new dancers are getting ready to enter the Pow-wow arena, there are several things that they should be aware of, and traditions that they should follow. It is of the utmost importance to be sure that you are dancing, dressing, and following traditions properly. Real Indians dont just jump in. Dancers who are new to the Pow-wow circuit should always discuss their regalia ideas with experienced Pow-wow dancers before starting on anything, to be sure that the regalia they are planning to put together will be correct. Leave the cheap white & black-dipped eagle feathers, cheap beadwork, and pseudo-Indian-looking stuff to the wanna-bees. They dont belong on real Indian regalia, and are sure to be the subject of mocking and ridicule from other dancers and on-lookers. Schedule your vacation to attend one of the really big powwows, or one in Indian Country, before you start on your regalia. FEATHERS: There are excellent (and legal) realistic imitation hawk and eagle feathers available from traders at Pow-wows, or by mail-order, for those who dont have access to the real feathers. Turkey or macaw feathers also make beautiful fans. Many Indian ladies carry macaw fans. These alternatives are a safe bet for those who are not card-carrying members of a Federally Recognized tribe. Be aware that Fish & Game officers occasionally (often) attend Pow-wows outside of Indian Country, looking for real eagle & hawk feathers used by folks who are not obviously Indian, and checking that those people have a legal right to use them. If you are stopped, at the very least, they will confiscate your feathers. Dont risk it. We know non0registers people that this has happened to and they were prosecuted and fined HEAVILY. And dont even THINK about buying real eagle or hawk feathers form someone selling them. Agents might be watching them, and if they are caught, youll be in hot water too. GIVEAWAYS: When entering the pow-wow dance arena in regalia for the first time, most Indians pay their way into the arena with a formal special or giveaway. If you are not of a Plains Indian tribe, you may not be required by your own tribal traditions to have a formal giveaway, but most dancers entering the circle today do anyway. If you are required to and choose not to have a formal giveaway, you will still want to honor the tradition of paying your own way into the organization sponsoring the dance, and singers at the drum. It is a privilege to dance in the circle, and honoring traditions is the Indian Way, even if it isnt YOUR tradition. Remember that with Indians, it isnt how wealthy you are, but how generous you are that counts. If you are going to have a giveaway, you need to plan for it well in advance and spread out the purchase or making of your gifts so you dont get in a crunch. Bed blankets and Mexican serapes are common and appreciated gifts. Nice shawls are always an honor to receive. Pendleton blankets and start quilts (or any handmade quilts) are the modern equivalent of a buffalo robe as gifts, and are a great honor to the recipient. Cash is always a welcome gift and people often give $5 to $10 along with a blanket or shawl. A small item or gift is usually accompanies a gift of cash in any amount. If you know the recipient well, a more personal gift chosen for that particular person is appropriate (a favorite color, an item of regalia, etc.). Another popular item for giveaway or raffle at pow-wows is a new laundry basket piled high

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with groceries. When thinking of gifts, keep in mind that Indians are always cooking and feeding people, and those who are on the pow-wow circuit travel and camp often. The host drums will normally be given cash collected from your special dance, along with a carton or two of cigarettes, sometimes a shawl or good blanket ( which can be raffled to raise money) and sometimes small token gifts such as handkerchiefs, throat lozenges, guest towels, and the like. When planning your giveaway, remember that without the singers at the drum, there would be now pow-wow. You will normally want to give gifts to the Head Man and Head Lady Dancers, Head Gourd Dancer (if any), any Little Boy or Little Girl Head Dancers, Emcee, Arena Directors, Head Singer, Head Gourd Dancer Singer (if any), the Host Drum (the singers themselves), the Princess (if any), and the Host Organization (who is holding the dance). You can usually look on the flyers to see who will be filling these positions. Other people who also commonly receive gifts during a giveaway are the ladies who sing with the center drum, any other drum(s) on the perimeter, an honored elder, and anyone else who is a prominent person in the community or has been a personal friend or supporter of the person having the giveaway. Another common practice is to set housewares, fabric, blankets, or similar items on the ground around the arena, and then invite ladies in the audience to pick the items in the arena. If you are a spectator who picks up a gift from the arena in this manner, be sure to go directly up to the speaker stand and shake hands with the people who are having the giveaway. You can also send someone around the arena passing out items to people in the audience. And the children will scramble joyfully when someone scatters five to ten pounds of wrapped candies throughout the arena (be sure to have enough so that every child can get some). This is the only time when children are allowed to run around the arena. Now that you have an idea of how much time, money, and planning in invested on coming into the arena, you can appreciate what goes into making regalia and having a giveaway. This is by no means a quick, cheap, or casual undertaking. People often plan giveaways a year in advance, and entire families often help with gathering the gifts. Be sure to thank anyone who honors you by giving you something for you to use for your giveaway. Be sure to consult with an experienced pow-wow person before planning anything, because there are other things to consider once your time is near, such as who will speak for you and your family during your special. Besides entering the arena, there are many other reasons to have a special/giveaway, such as returning to the arena after a period of mourning for a close relative (often 1 year), a marriage, graduation, birthday, anniversary, honor received return from military duty, etc. DANCING: Onlookers and other dancers may not pay any attention to you if youre not dancing correctly while wearing street clothes. But you can be certain that once you put on regalia, people will be watching you.

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*You must be in full regalia to dance in the Grand Entry, also called Parade-In. the only exception is for people who are members of a host organization or honored guests. Gourd dancers will wear their velvet sashes and bandoliers, and blankets if they have them. *It is important to be IN STEP during Grand Entry, so that all the traditional dancers in the line are in unison. Watch the Head Man/Head Lady Dancers and the experienced dancers. Match your left and right footsteps to their steps. *Be sure that your steps match the leader in a line of round-dancers. Dont start your own line. Leave that to the Head Lady Dancer, or other experienced dancers. Inexperienced dancers should fall in down the line. *After Grand Entry, men do not ente4r the arena until the Head Man Dancer has entered. Women dancers do not enter the arena until the Head Lady Dancer has entered. *Stay in time with the drum. Your foot should touch the floor exactly on the hard honor beats. Watch the experienced dancers. During a round-dance or two-step, your left food should hit the ground on the hard beat. Listen for a hard/long beat alternating with a soft/ short beat to identify a round-dance song. SONGS & DRUMS SOUTHERN DRUMS VS NORTHERN DRUMS: A host southern drum is normally set in the center of the arena in the Oklahoma area. They may or may not be in the center in other regions. Northern drums are always on the perimeter of the arena. Southern songs are sung in lower mens voices, with the ladies joining in towards the last of a verse. Northern songs are sung in a much higher voice range, and are often faster than southern songs. The ladies often join in with these songs also. Most songs consist of a verse that is repeated 4 times. A Grand Entry song may be sung many more times if there are a lot of dancers to enter the arena. A head singer starts the song, and he is seconded by another singer. The whole drum group finished the verse, and then this sequence is repeated 3 more times. Listen for 4 starts. Southern songs usually have 3 HONOR BEATS in the middle of each verse. Northern songs lack the set of 3 honor beats, but will have hard honor beats within the song. Either way, your feet should hit the floor on the hard beats. Ladies dancing in northern buckskin and jingle dress styles may bless the crowd by waving their eagle feather fans on the honor beats during northern songs. Experience will tell you teach how to tell when a song is ending, or listen for 4 starts. Ladies dancing in exhibition or contest dances to a southern drum should bow on the honor beats. This means to gracefully bend forward on the last of the three honor beats. Continue dancing with small steps and keep your shawl fringe swinging in time. Some ladies may go right, then left. Stay down until the verse is about to end, and then slowly come up just before the next verse is started.

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HAVE FUN!! While the pow-wow arena is a sacred circle, it is also a place of laughter, friends and family, and an excellent place to raise children. There are always a few sour-pusses around who may try to discourage a new dancer, but these people are best ignored. If you are dressed properly, dancing correctly, and following the traditional protocol, you can enter the arena with confidence. Grand Entry- This begins the main event, as dancers enter the arena in order of dance style, led by a color guard, pow-wow princesses, head dancers, and the host family or organization. This may also be called Parade In. Flag Song- Everyone should stand in respect during this song honoring all veterans, like an Indian National Anthem. Most tribes have a flag song today. Flags may be American, Canadian (often in northern states), state or tribal flags, a POW/MIA flag, and an Indian staff. The flag song is often followed by a memorial song, victory song, and/or calling song. Round Dance- Most tribes have a version of a round dance, sometimes called a soldier dance or friendship dance. This dance circles the drum in a side-step movement. Faster- moving lines are nearer the drum. Ladies in some areas may also use a front/back side-step. Everyone is welcome to enter the arena and join in the dance. War Dance- A dignified victory dance, social in nature today, once danced only by the warriors and best dancers, but today is danced by all. Sneak-Up- A war dance, where the men dancers crouch low to the ground as if searching for tracks, then rising to dance as if in pursuit or following the trail made by their prey. Ruffle Dance- This is a danced by the mens fancy dancers, which ruffle their double-bustles during the fast drum-rolling sections of the song, and then dance very fast during the fast sections. This dance originated with the Otoe-Missouria Tribe in Oklahoma in the early 1900s. Side-Step- This is a very fast dance where the ladies jingle-dress dancers use a variety of side-ways scooting steps around the arena to a special song. The steps are not the same type of side-ways movement as round-dancing. Buffalo Dance- This dance may be preceded by a Snake Dance. Dancers move like a restless herd of buffalo, then begin to stampede as the drum beats get stronger like pounding hooves. Inter-tribal- Many inter-tribal songs exist today, as tribes come together to share their culture and songs at pow-wows. Two-Step- Couple dance this social dance together, in a lively version of Follow-the-Leader. Its ladies choice, and the men cant refuse it or it costs them $5 (or a piece of clothing/regalia, some say). Everyone may enter the arena and dance. This is the only pow-wow dance where the men and ladies hold hands while dancing as a couple.

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Trot Dance- This is a fast-paced song, which is danced with fast, single steps. Some tribes have songs like this that are called horse stealing songs. Crow Hop- This dance isnt seen in the Oklahoma area very often, except at the very large inter-tribal pow-wows. This dance originated in the north (where the Crows live), and is also a fast, single step song. Although the trot song and the crow hops sound is enters the arena for the first time. Specials- These dancers honor a person or group, who led a procession around the arena as others join in. There are many reasons to have a special, such as a birthday, or when someone is enters the arena for the first time. Give-Aways A give-away ceremony follows a Special dance. The honoree (and family and friends) give presents to various people attending the dance as a way to publicly honor them. Blanket Dance- Dancers drop money (usually $1 bills) on a blanket spread on the ground near the drum, in appreciation of their fine singing. Singers may travel many miles nearly every weekend to sing at various dancers, and drum money helps to defray their gasoline and expenses. Everyone is welcome to enter the arena and dance.

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THE GREAT SEAL

The Great Seal of Choctaw-Apache people is a warrior shield.

The outside border is red representing the good red road of life.

The inside border is green signifying fertility, life, growth, and future.

Together they form the circle of life.

On the outside of shield are suspended eagle and red hawk feather.

These symbolize the two Indian peoples, the Choctaw and the Apache,

Whose blood runs through our veins and through the generations.

The logger head turtle on the shield represents Mother Earth.

She is the great healer and teacher, symbolizing patience, perseverance, and strength.

Carried on her back is river cane, symbolic of what our people lost to the inundation of our land.

Cane breaks were almost sacred places, as our ancestors depended on cane for many uses.

From cane they blowguns, darts, arrows shafts, shields, spears, rafts, baskets, bedding, wall covering, containers, duck calls, whistles, flutes, and tubes for bubbling medicines.

The pipe is a scared symbol of reverence to our ancestors, of peace, brotherhood, council, and prayer.

The scared pipe and river cane are crossed, symbolizing the four directions, the four seasons, and the four races.

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1994

The First Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow

EMCEE: Walter Celestine (Coushatta) Area Director: Thomas Muskrat (Western Cherokee) Head Man Dancer: Rufus Davis (Caddo) Head Lady: Jeanie Langley (Coushatta) Head Gourd Dancer: Skip Ceniceros (Chirricahua Apache) Singer: Mead Chibbitty and the Comanche Singers Held at the Ebarb Community, the admission was free.

The Tribal Council: Tommy Bolton-Chief Victor Sepulvado-Vice Chief The Council: John W. Procell Walter Meshell Jr. Sheli Bolton Lafitte Doug Laroux Bennett King Gail Acklin George Ray Ebarb

Pow-Wow Committee: Maudie Woodruff Junanita Van Beathuysen June Bolton Patti Laroux Rhonda Gauthier

Tribal Security: Bennett King Kim Lafitte Stephen King Phillip Ebarb Hilton Ebarb Honored Veterans (Tribal Warriors) John W. Procell Huey Cordova Emmitt Parrie Martin Sepulvado, Jr.

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1995 The Second Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow

Dedicated to the memory of Theresa River Held in the Ebarb Community The admission was free Head Man Dancer: Douglas Williams, Jr (Alabama Coushatta TribeLivingston, TX) Head Lady Dancer: Julia Morris (Alabama Coushatta TribeKinder, LA) Head Gourd Dancer: Henry Johnson (Choctaw TribeAda, OK) EMCC: Bertney Langley (Koasati TribeElton, LA) Arena Director: Thomas Muskrat (Western CherokeeStillwell, OK) Drum: Brave hearts (Coushatta TribeElton, La.)

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1996

The Third Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow The Admission Free Held at Ebarb Community Head Man Dancer: Vince EdwardsElgin, OK EMCEE: Marvin JohnsonGrand Prairie, TX Drum: Southern WarriorsLawton, OK Head Gourd Dancer: Henry JohnsonAda, OK Head Lady Dance: Eva Kay PewoCyril, OK Arena Director: Thomas MuskratStillwell, OK

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1997

The Fourth Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow It was held in Ebarb Ball Park It was free admission Head Man: Rodney Poncho EMCEE: Walter Celestine Arena Director: Thomas Muskrat Head Lady: Lori Barham Head Gourd: Marvin Johnson Drum: Southern Singers

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1999

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2000

The Seventh Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow Head Staff: Head Man Dancer: Clint Poncho Head Lady Dancer: Jessica Paul-Reyna Head Gourd Dancer: Herbert Johnson, Sr. Arena Director: Bonnie Bolton EMCEE: Herbert Johnson, Jr Host Drum: Otter Trail

It was held in the Ebarb Community The admission was free Tribal council were: Tommy Bolton-Chairman Glenda Etheridge- Vice Chairman Phillis George- Secretary Susan King Lee- Treasurer

Council Members were: Pat Ebarb Silas Lee Ebarb James Doug Laroux Virgina Laroux Malmay Albert Buster Rivers Alene Rivers Wright Office Staff was: Amy Parrie- Project administrator

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2001

The Eighth Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow Head Staff: Jess Oosahwe- Head Man Kathy Bergeron- Head Lady Odis Sanders- Head Gourd Dancer Herbert Chickdog Johnson- MC Thomas Muskrat- Arena Director Otter Trail- Host Drum

Held at Ebarb Community The admission was a $1.00 They introduced the first princesses in

the Pow-wow. Princess-Virgina King Teen Princess-Rebecca Ann Bolton Jr Princess- Mary Westbrook Little Princess-Kristen Haley Meshell Jr Princess Runner Up- Lauren Procell and

Crystal King Tribal Council

Tommy W. Bolton-Principal Chief/Tribal Chairman Glenda Etheridge- Vice Chairman Susan King-Lee- Treasurer Pat Ebarb- Council Member Silas Ebarb- Council Member Doug Laroux- Council Member Virgina Malmay-Council Member Alene Wright-Council Member Albert Buster River-Council Member

Committee: Susan King-Lee Sheli Bolton Malmay Albert Buster Rivers Pati and Doug Laroux Marla Malmay Ferguson Kenneth Garcie Bonnie and Carolyn Bolton Pat and Connie Rivers Silas Ebarb Tammy Bailes Lisa Malmay

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2002

The Ninth Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow Held in the Ebarb Ball Park Admission was $1.00 Head man: Jess Oosahwe Head Lady: Shauna Bushiey Head Little Man: Trey Daniel Elliot Head Little Girl: Haley Meshell Head Gourd: Robert Soto Arena Director: Thomas Muskrat EMCEE: Herbert Chickdog Johnson, Jr Host Drum: Pat Oyebi and the Drumbusters

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2003

The Tenth Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow Held at Ebarb Ball Park The admission $1.00 Arena Director: Thomas Muskrat EMCEE: Herbert Johnson Jr. Host Drum: Drum Busters Head Man: Robert Crooks Head Lady: Betty Russell Head Little Man: Samuel Laroux Head Little Lady: HarLee Possoit

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2004

The Eleventh Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow It was held at the Ebarb High School Ball Park The admission was $1 Head Man: Justin Muskrat EMCEE: Ken Dixon Host Drum: Bear Claw Head Lady: Brandi Brown Arena Director: Thomas Muskrat Head Gourd Dancer: Otis Sanders Tribal Council: Tribal Chairman: Tommy Bolton Vice Chairman: Doug Laroux Secretary: Amy Malmay Treasurer: Virginia Laroux Malmay

Council People: Alene Rivers Wright Bonnie R. Bolton Silas Ebarb Pat Ebarb Lisa Malmay Gary Pye Laroux

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2005

The Twelfth Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow It was held at Ebarb High School Gym Principle Chief/Tribal Chairman: Tommy

W. Bolton Vice Chairman: Doug Laroux Secretary: Amy Malmay Treasurer: Virginia Malmay Head man: Jess Oosagwe Head Lady: Janelle Precella Head Gourd Dancer: Odis Sanders Host Drum: Bear Claw EMCEE: Herbert Johnson Jr. Arena Director: Thomas Muskrat Tribal Council: Alene Wright Buster Rivers Kenneth Ebarb Silas Ebarb Bonnie Bolton Lisa Malmay Dedicated to the Memory of Alene Veronica Rivers Wright Choctaw-Apache Family Overview: Families that settled in the early 1700s: Cartinez, Cortinez*,Castie, Castillo*,Cordova*,Garcie, Garcia*,Lafitte*,Laroux*,Leone,

Lionnis, *Lopez*,Mechelli, Meshell*,Mora*,Padallia, Paddie*,Parrilla, Parrie*,Procell, Prosela, Procela*,Rivers, del Rio*,Sanchez*,Sarnac, Sharnac, Ezernack*,Torres*,Ybarbo,Ebarb*,Ramirez,Remedies*

Names that appear after the 1860 U.S. Census: Malmay Manshack Martinez Castillo-Castie

Maternal names of late 1700s-mid 1800s: Caro or Cano Acosta De al Ara Dosos Carmona Equis (means your X) Estradas Gagne Quintero Toby

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2006 The Thirteenth Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow

It was held at Zwolle Festival Grounds Dedicated to the memory of Amy Malmay Head Man: Thomas Dardar Head Lady: Debra Swindoll West Head Gourd: John W. Procell Arena Director: Thomas

Muskrat Emcee: Walter Celestine Host drum: Bear Claw Members of the Bear Claw Sonny Blackbear Darrell Blackbear Hamilton Tongkeamha Paul Soliz James Yellowfish Tim Yellowfish Byron Komah Anthony Cordova Tina Stroud Harriet Stroud Andrea Yellowfish Sally Yellowfish Lorene Yellowfish Beth Cordova Stella Stroud Tana Bass

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2007

The Fourteenth Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow It was held at Zwolle Festival Grounds Head Staff: Head Man Dancer: Jess Oosahwe Head Lady Dancer: Brittany Meshell Head Gourd Dancer: Adam Proctor Host Drum: Bear Claw EMCEE: Walter Celestine Arena Director: Thomas Muskrat

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2008

The Fifteenth Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow Dedicated to our military It was held at the Zwolle High School Gym Head Staff: Head Man Dancer: Quanah White Thunder Head Lady Dancer: Crystal Battise Head Gourd Dancer: Jess Oosahwe Arena Director: Thomas Muskrat EMCEE: Herbert Chick-Dog Johnson, Jr. Host Drum: A/C Woodland

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2009

The Sixteenth Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow Dedicated to the memory of Odis Marvin Sanders Sr. Head Staff: EMCEE: Harold R. Comby Head Man: Randy Solomon Head Lady: Sheri Keele Head Gourd: Tony Conrad Host Drum: Southern Pine Singers Head Little Man: Jacob Rivers Head Lil Lady: Raven Crooks Choctaw-Apache Royalty: Princess: Alexis Hubbard Jr Princess: Haley Meshell

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2010

The Seventeenth Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow It was held at Zwolle High School The Choctaw Apache Tribe of Ebarb and Sabine Parish School Board host Childrens Native

American Culture Day Head Staff: Master of Ceremonies: Ken Dixon Arena Director: Vance Beaver Head Gourd Dancer: Travis Harris Head Man: Ricky Garcie Head Lady: Janelle Peavy Drum: Frank Tongkeamha Head Little Lady: Barbara Remedies Head Little Man: Trenton Malmay Flute: Danny Dyson Beading: Jo Harris Pine Needle Baskets: Jackie

Edwards Fry Bread: Gayla Rivers Tamales: Maudie Woodruff

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2011

The Eighteenth Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow It was held at the Zwolle Festival Grounds Head Staff: Master of Ceremonies: TBA Arena Director: Thomas Muskrat Head Gourd Dancer: Ron Alex Head Man: Justin Muskrat Head Lady: Alexis Hubbard Drum: Oklahoma Boys Head Little Lady: Nicole Malmay Head Little Man: Samuel Laroux

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2012

The Nineteenth Choctaw-Apache Tribe of Ebarb Pow-Wow It was held at the Zwolle Festival Grounds Master of Ceremonies: Quanah White Thunder Arena Director: Travis Harris Head Gourd Dancer: Dave Flanders Head Man: Robert Crooks Head Lady Drum: Mary Keller Head Little Lady: Raven Ezernack Head Little Man: Hunter Leyva Pow Wow Committee: Jake Rivers Pam Cartinez Jerry Cartinez Amelia Bison Joanne Sepeda Virginia Malmay Nancy Sanchez Christin Leone Melody Hubbard Alexis Hubbard Marla Ferguson Roger Ferguson Susie Sepulvado Kallie Russell Dorothy Harper Tom Rivers Rebecca Samples Debbie Rivers Robin Rivers

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Special Thanks The Powwow Committee would like to thank a few special people for making this years festival book a complete success! We could not have done it without you!

All of our Sponsors, Advertisers, and Vendors Donald Garcie- School Board Member

Mr. Dyess- Principal Mr. Hennigan- Ebarb Business Teacher

Paige Diener, LeeAnna Ebarb, Lauren Garcie And Alex Dickerson

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Sabine Parish Tourist & Recreation Commission

1601 Texas Hwy. Many, LA 71449

318-256-5880 | 800-358-7802 | Fax: 318-256-4137

Address: 1601 Texas Hwy Many, LA 71449

Phone: 318-256-5880 Toll Free: 1-800-358-7802

http://www.toledobendlakecountry.com/

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Zwolle Field Office 35 Lonnie Road Zwolle LA 71486 (318) 645-6757

FAX: (318) 645-6757 Toll Free: 1-866-642-1325

Amelia Bison, Rehabilitation

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711 Paragon Place Marksville, LA 71351 (318) 253-1946 www.tunicabiloxi.org/

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THE HISTORIC INDIAN TRIBES OF LOUISIANA

CONTEMPORARY INDIAN TRIBAL LOCATIONS AND LINGUISTIC RETENTION

LANGUAGE GROUPS MUSKOGEAN FAMILY Choctaw Houma Koasail Alabama Mobilian Jargon SIOUAN FAMILY Biloxi UNCLASSIFIED Atakapa Chitimacha Tunica Tribes with retained languages in use daily Tribes with partial language retention Lexical items or songsrare usage

Sabine Parish Tourist & Recreation Commission

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