Page 1 File Systems and Disk Management Lecture 5 Hassan Shuja 10/19/2004.

File Systems and Disk File Systems and Disk ManagementManagement

Lecture 5Hassan Shuja

10/19/2004

File SystemsFile Systems

• Different File Systems– FAT/FAT32

– NTFS

– CDFS

– UDF


• FAT/FAT32– FAT

– Older and for management of smaller disk– Compatible with NT/2k/9x/3.1/MS-DOS/OS/2– No security– Filenames up to 255 characters and not case sensitive– Volume size is 2GB in all systems, except for NT and W2k which is 4GB– You can format floppy disks

– FAT32– Only supported by W2k, Windows 98, and Windows 95– No Security– Filename up to 255 characters and not case sensitive– Additional 32 bit application support– Volume is up to 32GB


• NTFS– Only available in Windows 2000 and NT

– Allows for security permission on files and folders

– Supports Encryption File System (EFS)

– Naming conventions similar to FAT/FAT32

– Theoretical size of volume can be 16 exabytes– Functional limit of 2TB

– Additional Features– Supports compressions for files– Highly reliable and recoverable file system– NTFS allows for mounting of a space in a different volume– NTFS supports disk quotas


• CDFS/UDF– CDFS

– Supports access to compact discs– Not used for Hard disk and only for CD-ROM

– UDF– Used to access read-only digital video discs (DVD)


• Converting to NTFS– FAT can be converted to NTFS without the loss of data

– Convert command is run in the command window– Convert D: /FS:NTFS /V

– NTFS can be downgraded to FAT but it requires back up of data


• Compression– In W2k all files and folders have ability to be compressed

– Recommended for large files that are not used frequently

– All files and folders moved between NTFS volumes inherit destination folders compression attribute

– Files and Folders that are moved within the same NTFS volume retain their compression attribute

– When moved or copied to a FAT volume, the compression attribute is lost


• Disk Storage Types– Basic Disks

– Contains primary or extended partitions– Can have up to maximum 4 partitions

– Maximum of 4 Primary and 1 extended– Clustering is only available on this

– Dynamic Disks– Support unlimited number of volumes that can span physical drives– Supports fault-tolerance– Only supported by Windows 2000


• Partition– Primary

– The OS is booted from this partition– Can only have 4 per disk

– Extended– Can only have 1 per disk– Not bootable– Can be subdivided into one or more logical drives– Logical drives can be formatted with FAT,FAT32, or NTFS


• Volume Types– Dynamic disks support 5 volume types:

– Simple– Spanned– Striped– Mirrored– Raid-5


• Volume Types– Simple

– Can be formatted with FAT, FAT32, or NTFS– No fault tolerance– Supported by all 4 flavors of Windows 2000

– Spanned– Combines free space from 2 to 32 physical disks into a single volume– No fault tolerance – No Gain of speed or loss of speed in a spanned volume– Supported by all 4 flavors of Windows 2000

Disk 1 Data

Disk 1 Data

DataDisk 2

To Disk 2


• Volume Types– Striped

– Similar to spanned that it allows from 2 to 32 physical disks into a single volume– Data is stored a block at a time, evenly and sequentially, among all of the disks in

the striped volume– Fastest disk access– No fault tolerance– Also known as RAID 0– Supported by all 4 flavors of Windows 2000

Disk 1 Data

Disk 2

Disk 3

Data

Data

-Different Colors Indicate Different Files


• Volume Types– Mirrored

– Similar to spanned that it allows from 2 to 32 physical disks into a single volume– A simple volume that is exactly duplicated onto a second dynamic disk– No Speed gain or loss– Supported by Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, and DataCenter Server– Also known as RAID 1– Limited fault tolerance

Disk 1 Data

Disk 2 Data


• Volume Types– RAID 3

– Similar to striped, but is fault tolerant– Logically distributes the information simultaneously across all disks designated for

data, parity information is written on separate disk– Writing is slow but the read performance is the same as a striped volume– Supported by Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, and DataCenter Server– Limited fault tolerance

Disk 1 Data

Disk 2

Disk 3

Data

Parity

-Different Colors Indicate Different Files-"P" Indicates Parity

P P P P


• Volume Types– RAID 5

– Similar to striped, but is fault tolerant– Logically distributes the information simultaneously across all 3 or more disks, also

parity information is written across all of the disks– Writing is slow but the read performance is the same as a striped volume– Supported by Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, and DataCenter Server– Limited fault tolerance

Disk 1 Data

Disk 2

Disk 3

Data

Data

Different Colors Indicate Different Files-"P" Indicates Parity

P

P

P

P

Page 1 File Systems and Disk Management Lecture 5 Hassan Shuja 10/19/2004.

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