Page 1, 6/22/2015 Software engineering and Scientific Methods Ivica Crnkovic Mälardalen University...

, 04/18/23Software engineering and Scientific Methods

Ivica Crnkovic

Mälardalen University

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

[email protected]

http://www.idt.mdh.se/~icc


ContentsContents

What is Software Engineering?

Software Engineering and Science

Methods of Software Engineering

Software Engineering Research


What is Software Engineering?What is Software Engineering?

Software engineering is an engineering discipline which is

concerned with all aspects of software production from the

early stages of system specification through to maintaining

the system after gone into use.

Ian Sommerville, Software Engineering

We need further explanation of:

Engineering discipline

All aspects of software production


EngineeringEngineeringEngineers make the things work

Solving problems

understand the problem

analyze the problem

Find solutions

Constructing the solution from parts that address the problem's various aspects - do a synthesis

To achieve the goal engineers

apply theories, methods and tools from different disciplines

Search for solutions even when there is not theory or methods


All aspects of Software DevelopmentAll aspects of Software Development

Aspects

Technical (how technically solve the problem)

Organizational (how to organize people)

Financial

Market

Professional and ethical responsibility

Research and Science


SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

COMPUTER SCIENCE CUSTOMER

Theories

Principles, Methods and Tools to Solve

Problem andConstruct sSolutions

ProblemComputer Functions

Computer Science Vs. Software EngineeringComputer Science Vs. Software Engineering

SolutionSoftware EngineeringSoftware EngineeringResearch & ScienceResearch & Science

OTHER SCIENCES


Methods and Technologies Methods and Technologies

Requirements Analysis Design Implementation Delivery MaintenanceTest

Software/Systems Engineering Methods

Different Technologies

Service

Solution

Phases


Software Engineering Methods - ExamplesSoftware Engineering Methods - Examples

Project Management

Software Development Models and Processes support

Analyse/design methods (UML, OOP, Formal methods, ...)

Programming Methods /Languages

Configuration Management

Component-based Software Engineering (CBSE)

Customer support, Maintenance

Test and Verification

Architectural analysis (tradeoff analysis, quality, attributes…)

Requirements Engineering

Requirements Analysis Design Implementation Delivery MaintenanceTest Service


SE disciplines - examplesSE disciplines - examples Project management

Development processes

Requirements engineering

Reverse engineering

Test and Verification

Software Maintenance

Software Architecture

Object-oriented modelling

Software analysis

Formal specification

Software reliability

Real-time

Tools and environments

Software Configuration Management

Software engineering and the Internet

Component-based SE

Software Metrics

Education

Software Economics

......


What is then Software Engineering Research?What is then Software Engineering Research?

Analyzing natures of problems and their solutions

Finding more general principles that SE can use

Developing methods and tools

Implementing principles on new problem domains

……


Software Engineering ResearchSoftware Engineering Research

Research lifecycle

Different methods used SE

Exemplified by Software Architecture

Presentation based on Mary Show’s presentation

http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/~Compose/paper_abstracts/etaps-2002.html


Research Model – different phases in research life cycleResearch Model – different phases in research life cycle


Example: Software ArchitectureExample: Software Architecture

The software architecture of a program or computing system is the structure or structures of the system, which comprise software components, the externally visible properties of those components and the relationships among them

L. Bass, P. Clements, R. Kazman, Software Architecture In Practise, Addison Wesley, 1998


Software architecture – system decompositionSoftware architecture – system decomposition

SystemSystem

subsystemsubsystem SubsystemSubsystem

componentcomponent componentcomponent componentcomponent


Recurring structures that occur in software systems

AS = {Component types,Connector types,Constraints}

Next step - Architectural StyleNext step - Architectural Style

Component and Connector Types

Layered Abstract MachinesBuss

Shared Repository

Component and Connector Types

Pipe and Filter


Next step: Aspects of Software ArchitectureNext step: Aspects of Software Architecture

Connector

RolePort

Attachment

(sub)System

Arch Component

Representation

Elements and Form

Rationale Describes how the architecture satisfies system requirements for both

functional and extra-functional properties.


<<subsystem>>ComAIComA

Next step: FormalizationNext step: Formalization

<<subsystem>>ComBIComB

<<subsystem>>ComCIComA

ConceptualArchitecture

Example - UMLExample - UML


REAL WORLDREAL WORLDPractical problemPractical problem

REAL WORLDREAL WORLDPractical SolutionPractical Solution?

The basic characteristic of SEThe basic characteristic of SE


Nasreddin story and Software EngineeringNasreddin story and Software Engineering

Story about a lost ringStory about a lost ring


SE Research processSE Research process

Research Questions

Research Results

Result Validation


Research Questions


Method/meansMethod/means SystemSystem EvaluationEvaluation


PersuasionPersuasion

TechniqueTechnique

Method/meansMethod/means


SummarySummary

Software Engineering is oriented on practical things from the real word

Understanding problems, providing solutions

SE uses methods and tools for solving the problems from different disciplines

SE research

Understanding principles

Defining principle for solving the problems Developing tools and methods

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