Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

download Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

of 16

Transcript of Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    1/16

    vdwfapmif.

    ndrfScsrfSa&S awGmif;w&sm;a&S vGdKif.uGKefSom.,m.a&S xmSxD.xmSaorGefAef,HvGdKa&S obm0taomift&ifSoGrf.oOfa&S

    uwl.pJOf. vdwfrJhigaeif.1373Am.vm0g.acgif./twG,fS(1)trJkif(5) August 2011 Vol: 1 No:5

    owifS

    tm.&k%f.womtkHxGdKif.csuf

    ref;crf;ukdowifS&Grf&Jrf#aAG.q&m.awmf.ausmifSaemifcHSu|SvGOf.awmf.rl.vJOf;======#tm.%m.yJif.om;,m;uJkifavGSytdk0f.a'.oukd,m_cH,mrGL;zHk.#crf;wefavmhwJifxDxGKrf;a0ifSanmif.&GD.================#tif;av;aemifzi f. txsSaomif oGr f.oOfr Ge fAe fcsmwm.

    tHkvifSwGdKif.yif.=================================#vGwfawmf.trwfuwJrf;'g.ndrfScsrfSa&Svdwfaz.axhukdytkd0f.vGwfawmf.yg==================================#ref;tpkd.&tGOf.qGdK;xkdSvJOf;aig0f;,GL;wa&.owifSXm.ecrf;xef.zJhS#a0ifSe,f.awmif;uDSukdvkdSwefzHk.t0f.rmSaz.rwfyHkwifvdwfrwf#ytdk0f.a'.aoOD;pD;pGdKSarmhScGJwGrf.a'.ocH.tkyfcsKyfa&Som;====

    22

    10

    9

    1616

    1616

    1014

    77

    8

    512

    tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.t"dua&.rkd;csuf============ zpf[GKefvdwfrl================================== tm.&k%f.womoS&m.a'ghSaig0f;===================== &kyfw,GdK@======================================

    pGdK;cGdKSa&S

    xGm;oGKyf,if;aoGmhvdwfrJhig=12

    xGm;oGKyf,if;aoGmhvdwfrJhig=11

    vdwfvJkifSwGrf.a,ef.iJa&S

    vkd.tGOf.a&SwJrf;rJkifcgSpGdK;cGdKSorJifSwzlSajcmifS============ pepfuJkiftrDG.t0f.tH.eD,m;t0f.qsm.eDoDG.(tudGK@S=4)====

    xGm;csmvJkif;=================================== wjzmS'sm.=====================================

    eDytdk0f.ig0f;,m.t"dyg,f.t0f.'sm.==================== xGmaEGmifSq&m.vdwfytdk0f.A[kd.oGOfwefStrJkif(20)awmifSrJkifc&m.erf;a&SrwfwefS(tuGdK@S=2)============

    xmStD.xmSpsSwGrf.eDvkdSoD;taomift&ifS============= aoif.0g.rDSoDG.trGL;rsdKSwGrf.aoif.wjcmzHk.tpGefSowWdS===

    ut0f.rGefAefaeupepfvDSpepf,t0f.rmS'kuQeDcrf;om;=====

    xmSxD.wGrf.xmS,l.

    uAsm

    A[kokw&Grf&Jrf

    obm0taomift&ifS

    aig0f;a0g[m&=================================

    3

    3

    3444 rG d K ;zme Dy gS / y d kc k d y d kr l. ,HvufSvJO fvdr Rm./ xmS'g.ynm.wGr f.

    A[kokw,HaA Gp G Kr f . / w,f.ay.cgcgi f.,mSwple DASwefxrf /crf;avmh,mck d;raoem./crf.,yfSyif.yefScGKrfrmSqdk@S&J kifxGL/axmufxrfSvGOfSaz.tm.vGOf Sy kdcd kydkrl.zHk.wJif rOf.,l.uOfSpmScsm

    rGdK;zmeDygSauSZlSw&mSaem0fS wefu,fSu aumifwefrsifSrkdvf./a0GSoD;arwWm.w&mSaem0fStmyd k.xJif;uxDwefork' N&m./wJufwGdKifS'g.'GKrfoGL?

    aoif.0 g .r D SoG D .z H k .e0 f Stp k du f StGSqG Kr f .twa&@Sxl.qG Kr f .e Dvk dSoD;uzefqifSxef.'g.wGrf.obm0tvSuxef.vGOf'g.tvl;rsdKSwGrf."mwfwtGdKuJkifrsdKSzHk.xGLwum.w0f;/tyomxef.csmtzefqifSxef.csmaz.,if;eDvkdSoD;wGrf.oufom;owW0g.um;ut0f.oufrGeftHkwJifaEGmifSa&Swm.ut0f.omwa&@S'g. (Oxygen)atmufoD*sifwvDSzHk.e0fSoGL?

    xGmaEGmifSq&m.vdwfytdk0f.A[kd.oGOfwefS trJkif (20)awmifSrJkifc&m.erf;a&SrwfwefS(tuGdK@S=2)

    11

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    2/16vdwfrJhig=2

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    tm.%m.yJif.om;,m;uJkifavGS

    ytdk0f.a'.oukd,m_cH,mrGL;zHk.

    pk&Grfom;=aemifcrf;cg(vm-o*kwf2011)

    xJkif.crf;/a0ifSudefSrJkif.ukdut0f.'g.ytkd0f.aAG.AGefausmifS/ausmifSaemifcHSausmif Seif;yk*~dKvf.aAG.q&m.awmf.aAG.ynm,kd/wGrf.xmSqma&m.*g.a0G.'em.96ygSwJif /b0vlScGif.u|SvGOf.awmf.rl.avGSvJOf;aeif.1373Am./0g.acgif.qefS9eDS/rGL;eDSwevFm.(vm-o*kwf8/2011)rGL;a&m0fSckd.10em;&D./25rdepftcdef;&yf/a0ifSudefSrJ kif.ukdut0f.'g.oGefa'gufwoD.,GHK.wefukde0fSoGL?

    aA G .q&m.awmf. vGL ;z GmSZm.wd&y f&m.e0 f Sajzm0fScrf;tacg0fe0f/a0ifSe,f.armufSrJ kif./'H k[k derf;ukdwJif/w,f.pGOf.t&G,f.ay.tcdef.oGOfvdwfcgum. a0GSaAG.u|SvGOfwGdK.vJOf;xJkif.crf;ukde0fSoGL?b0vlScGif.a0GSaAG.uu|SvGOf.awmf.rl.xkdScdef.e0fS/a0GSaAG.toufawmf.vS58aeif./0g.awmf.380g.tausmifSaoxGSvGOfSAm.e0fSoGL?

    a0GSaAG.cg;vm;uu|SvGOf.awmf.rl.cg/oufawmf.t0f.rGefAGefxif.osmSaeutwGifSum.ve0fS/aeif.aygi fSnqGmSt0f.c H.pmSavGSAm.oG D .wkdSa&m.*g.a0G.'em.wGrf.qD.EGdK;(qD;csKd)a&m.*g.a0G.'em.wJif/rnrrGdKift0f.xif.tGOf.e,fAm.woD.,GHK.tausmifS/ytkd0f.xmSrmSom;cGefxdva'ghSEJkif;e0fSwJifaoxGSvGOfSAm.e0fSoGL?

    aAG.q&m.awmf.aAG.ynme0fS/cg;vm;uae;xl.ausmi f Sei f ;wm.0 Gef . / c g ;vm;uxGmv GO fa A G . A G e f c gu m . / o w i f S oG H K S a om h S v G O fausmifSaemifcHukde0fSaeif.aygifSnqGmSarG;vJOf;e0fSoGL?a0GSaAG.e0fSw,f.pGOf.uu|SvGOftH kowifSoHGKSpxJkif.crf;ukdASwGdK.vGOfpGOf.uu|SvGOf.awmf.rl.cdef./&Jkif;&Jkif;xifxifcGKrfrmSaqmif.&GufavGS

    Ak'

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    3/16vdwfrJhig=3

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    aeif. 2011 Am./ vm-o*kwf 20eDS(1373Am./0g.acgif.avmif;6eDS)e0fS/u Gy fyG d K ;cr f ;we f avm hvi fSn e Do G HeD Sw Ji fa0ifSanmif.&GD.ukdut0f.'g.wma&mfSxDajcmife0fSxDwef aAGA dwfvGOf xD.xif.vGOfpGO f. 4 ay 8vufr&yfawGmhS xDvGef;xef.pGOf. ajcmifoGL?uGyfajcmifukdxDvGef;xef.wJifxDwefxGKrf;AOf.xkdS

    a0ifSanmif.&GD.ukdut0f.'g.&yfuGufzHk.wzlSay.wzlSwefzHk.tausmifSaoxGSvGOfSAm.e0fSoGL? w,f.0g.acgif.avmif; 5 eDS A SwGdK.avGSpOf.7eDS/uGyfpGOf.crf;wefavmhvifSnoH Ge DS o G HemSE J k i f ;,k dc g / x DweJi f ;z H k. t0 f .a0ifSxsSa0ifSaomif aumifavmif; aumifzif.xsSzHk.xGwfSzm.vifSpkvGOfe0fSrS/a0ifSanmif.&GD.uk d vrf;yg.z H k .xDxG Kr f ;xDAOf.wJi f / vrf;yg.em;[GdKefSaygifS3&smSvGdKwGrf.vkdSjzmSaygifSwa&ifvGdK&yfarmhSvGxDabStE W&m,f.zHk.e0fSoGL?

    cr f ; we f x D we fv G O f E J k i f ;, k d w J i fxDxGKrf;xDAOf.'sm.a0ifSukd&yfuGufukdut0f.'g.vrf;yg.z H k.vGKr fSwum.w0f;/a0ifSanmif.& G D.

    tif;av;aemifzif.txsSaomifoGrf.oOfrGefAefcsmwm.tHkvifSwGdKif.yif.

    ref;crf;' kwd,twefoGwfSaemifuxGm'g.aemifweftif;av;e0fS / aemifuk d wm.qGmSx D, H az .u v G d K i f.u G K e f S w O f . ac G g i fv G O f /aemifweftxsStaomifobm0taomift&ifS,HurGefAefoGrf.oOfvGOf/aemifukdaemifxsSa-umif;pifa&S,Ht0f.vGOfe0fS/tD.wJrf;[email protected] r B m .u kv o r * ~ Xm .e UN-Habi ta t /

    ref;tpkd.&aoif.wjcmqJif.&mS0ef.wefXm.ew Gr f . tp G d K Sut0 f .c G Kr frmS& J k i f SwoG d K ;' g . obm0taomift&ifSta&Som;zHk.cGKrfrmSavGStHkuGKrfa'ghS&DyG,fStausmifS/vm-o*kwf24eDSref;tpkd.&uxGwfax'g.a-u;rHkvdwfowifSapmif.tvSaoxGSAm.oGL? u Gy f p G O f .ur Bm .avmi f ; &m .o D .O w k a j y m i f S v J k i f . a z g u f j y e f . r k S w G r f .aemifweftxsStaomifobm0tomift&ifSu J k i fv D _ y J K if j y i fS r k S u p ' g.tac .tae .tusdKSoGKyfuJkifzH k.e0fSrS/aemifweftif;av;vJhxDzHk.aohSoJifaqhS,GrfSvifSxkdSra&.r&m.xkdSAm.xGLwum.w0f;/aemifweftif;av;taomift&ifSaoif.wjcmxmSrGL;rsdKSwGrf.owW0g.zHk.utHkuGL.csmig'g.vkd@0ifSobm0aemifwefa*[pepfvJhoGKr fSuJ ki fxk dSAm. tausmifS? uGyfe0fSrSwJifaemifweftif;av;tem.*wfum.vwm.qGmS,HwOf.acGgifavGSwm.wGrf.xdefSodrfSavGSobm0taomift&[email protected]/wJrf;[email protected]./5aeif.um.vxmSrmSwzlSpJOf.

    wJif/t0f.az:.avGSxmSrmSterf;_cHKzHk.tausmifSaoxGSvGOfSAm.oGL? a e m i f w e f t i f ; a v ; e 0 f SZ D0toufr s d K S aygi f Sp G K r f . t H k .t0 f .r D .c k d .a v G S c i f . v r f ; a ' . o x G L w u m . w 0 f ; / aemi fwe favmi f ;w Gr f . txsSaomi fe0 f So S0 i f . p m Sc& m . t H . j z m .c& m .u [0 f' g .a'.ocH.crf;&ifSom;"avhS,kdS,m.zHk.t0f.wJif cr f;uk dcr f ;xef.ywfurBm.wzlSavGSom;z H k .vGO fv,f.xGm;vG0gi fSz H k .e0 fSrE k di f .i H .wGr f.

    a' .ouk dtwm. tus d K Sp D Sy G m Sx Gmt Di g .e0 f So G L ? x Ji f ;wr s d K S ta&Suwe f' g .e0f Sref;crf;wcrf;vGKrf;utm.uGdKSavGS'g.avmydwar.uGKifSwyef.aEGmifSa&SvJhaemifweftif;av;,kdxGmt"dutxsStaxmifSe0fSoGL?

    aei f . 2011 Am. / vm-o*kwf 8eDSe0fS/ref;crf;trsdKSomSvGwfawm.trwfwGrf.crf;om;vGwfawm.trwf23jzmSuwJrf;xef.ajz@SvD'g.ndrf;csrf;a&;vkdvm;olrsm;twGuf

    u&kdSndrfScsrfSa&Svdwfaz.axhtukduxkd;'g.p lr J ki fom;e0fS/ytk d0 f.p G d K;c G d KStpG d KScs Ky f PNOygwDp G d K Suk d vGwfawm.trwf2jzmSt0f.yg0ifSaomhStausmifSaoxGSvGOfSAm.oGL? PNOygwDpGdKSvGwfawm.2jzmSe0fSe0fS/yifavmifa0ifSe,f.crf;om;vGwfawm.trwfcGefarmifaomif;/wGrf.oD.oJif.=[kdyHkS=yifavmifSoGHa0ifSe,f.wm.trsdKSomSvGwfawm.trwfOD;ae0if;xGef;up'g.a0GSoD;2jzmSe0fSoGL? vGwfawm.trwf 23 jzmStud k

    uOf;tmtme0fS/xGm'sm.crf;&ifSom;uEdGK@aomhS'g.}uHck difzG H @ _zdK;a&;ygwDpG d KSukdzH k./wGrf.ref;pJ hStpkd.&-oZm.tm.%m.uxGKrf;AOf.'g.crf;&ifSom;ygwDzHk.vGOf;vGOf;tausmifSaoxGSAm.e0fSoGL?

    n d r f S c s r f S a & S v d w f a z . a x h u k duyg'g.tcsufzH k.e0fS/tH.jzm.az.tm.avGSavGmufSavGS'sm.ref;tpkd.&xmSvkd.xGLwum.w0f;/ref;crf;ukduxGm'g.pJhSyG,fSzHk.wGrf.uxGm'g.Ekdif.iH.a&Sys\em.zHk.tavmif;,kda0GSoD;t"du

    ypfwif.avGSawm'sm.crf;&ifSom;vkdSrsdKSay.zHk.wJifwGrf.trJOf.yuwdw&mSt0f.wAef.xkdS'[email protected];e0fSoGL?

    vGwfawmf.trwfuwJrf;'g.ndrfScsrfSa&Svdwfaz.axhukdytkd0f.vGwfawmf.yg

    txsSaomifut0f.'g.vJkif;uGufSwGrf.oGdK@S_c H,m. {uaygi fS wa&if (1000) vG d K&y fvJ hxDxGKrf;AOf.xkdSwJifvJkif;oGHK@S_cHukdt'D .t&m.zHk.oGKrfSuJkifxkdSwef.zkd.yrm.%aqhSw0f;tausmifSaoxGSvGOfSAm.e0fSoGL? crf;wef xDxGKrf;awGmhS tvrf;yg.

    z H k . x DAO f .xDx G Kr f ;wJi f uarm h Swvl .' g.xDabStE W&m,f.xDabS'kuQom;zHk.e0fSwm.0ef.t0f.om;zH k.aAGmif,d k @SavGSaz.tH kuGL.tH kc k d .wm.u,f.q,f.a&SXm.exGLwum.w0f;/Ekdif.iH.a&SygwDpG d KS,[ef.zH k.wGrf.ap.wem.t0f.om;zHk.vGOful.az.urf;vG 'JOfvGrf xDtGS wGrf.&duQm.t[m.&zHk.e0fSoGL? e0 f Sx G Lwum.w0f ; c r f ;uavmhwefvGOf'g.vm-o*kwf20eDSe0fS/a0ifSawmif;uDSukdcsrf;ajrhompnf&ufuGufukdvJhuGyfcrf;avmh

    wefawGmhS [H.zif.zH k.oGLSjyifSxkdS/ &yfuGufukdvrf;yg.zHk.vJhxDxGKrf;xDAOf.xkdSaeaetausmifS/uarmhSwvl.'g.xDabStE W&m,f.om;zHk.e0fS_cJKif;ajymifStHkuGL.,[email protected]*gSyGwfSaAG.AGefausmifSukdtausmifSref;tpkd.&uxGwfax'g.vdwfowifSjrefrmhtvif;ukdt0f.wJrf;e,f EJkif;e0fSoGL? [ef.aei f .,d k 0 g.acgi f.vmuk de0 fSref;crf;ukda'.otvifzHk.vJhuGyfcrf;wefwJif/apmufSAGmcrf;/rJifScrf;/&cJif./&ef.uGKef.wGdKifS/

    {&m.0wD.wGdKifS/ yukdSwGdKifS/ rE WavSwGdKifSukdzH k.ut0f.a0ifS/'H k&yf&m.ukdzH k.vJharmhSwvl.vGxDxGKrf.AOf.rkSzHk.aeaee0fSoGL?

    crf;wefavmhwJifxDxGKrf;a0ifSanmif.&GD.

    www.99sanay.com

    aemiftif;av;ukdxDzHk.aohSoJifxkdStwGifSum.v/azgif.awmf.ODSbk&mSyGHK.

    PNOygwDtrsdKSomSvGwfawmf.trwfOD;ae0if;xGef;

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    4/16vdwfrJhig=4

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    ajzm0 fScr f ;tacg0 fe0 f a 0if Se,f.awmi f ;u D we,f.v G Krf ;v G Kr f ; tuk de0 f S /ae;w Gr f . a jzm0 f Scr f ;v l0i fr k }u D ; -uy fa&;wGrf;trsdKSomSrwfyHkwifOD;pD;Xm.exmSrmStpD.

    tpJOf.wJif/t0f.rmSavGSaz.t0f.axavGSaz.rwfyHkwifvufrwftausmifSref;tpkd.&a-u;rHkvdwfowifStvSaoxGSAm.oGL? vk d Say. toufuvSvJO f;' g. 10

    a0ifSe,f.awmif;uDSukdvkdSwefzHk.t0f.rmSaz.rwfyHkwifvdwfrwf

    ytdk0f.a'.oOD;pD;pG d KSarmhScG JwGrf.a'.ocH.tkyfcsKyfa&Som;

    ref;tpkd.&u axxef.'g.vdwfowifSjrefrmhtvif;/a-u;rH kup'g.vdwfowifSukd/vdwfrJ hig'd k @SAScsmzJ hSavmif;ut0f.wJrf;yg'g.VOA / BBC &efwkdufay;aeonf? RFA / DVBaoG;xkd;aeonf?cavmufqeftaumuf}uH/

    avvdkif;oH vlowform; = em;raxmifaveJ@owdxm;aig0f;,GL;wa&.ref;owifSXm.ecrf;xef.zJhSEJkif;,kdzHk.e0fS/w,f.pvm-o*kwf16eDSe0fSum.AwGdK.[ef.eDSwaz:.e,favGSxJif;w0f;'GKrfe0fSoGL? ref;p J hStpk d .& u t0f.,GL;wa&.'g.owifSXm.ecrf;xef.zJ hSEJ kif;,kde0fS/ w,f.pGOf.cg;vm;orRwodef;p de ftpk d.&womuxif.vGOfe0fSum.ASwGdK.vGOfpGOf.odefpdeftpkd.&womxif.xGLum.v/pGKrf.eDSpGKrf.[mt0f.az:.e,favGS

    t0f._cDajcm0favGSe0fSaeif.aygifSnig.vJOf;e0fSoGL?crf;ukdzJhSut0f.'g.yk*~vduvdwfowifSapmif.zHk.r*~Zif.zHk.*sme,fzHk.up'g.crf;ukdowifSXm.ezHk.vJhvGpfvGpfwjcifjcifwJrf;xef.cGifSaz:.xef.cGifSt0f.w0f;/wGrf.rl0g'ay:voDtmrsdKStmpGdK;wJifref;tpkd.&t0f.awufSEsScsKyfxdefSajcif;_cJ@cgS'sm.owifSvGpfwjcifcGifSzHk.e0fSoGL? u Gy f p G O f . re f ;tp k d . & ay h SwO f .xde fSajcif;cgSar G;pwkwWwJi f.xGe f.u&k d S' g.crf;xDrJ hem;owifSvGpfwjcifcGifSEJ kif;e0fSzH k.

    wJifref;crf;udkpGKrf.eDSuxGmvGOfuuJkifvGOf'g.t x G m t u J k i f t a u s m i f S c & m . z H k . , k d / wJrf;owifSom;zHk.vGpfvGpfwjcifjcifwJrf;xef.cGifS

    az:.xef.cGifSt0f.w0f;e0fSrS/tarG;trJOf.twGdKifScrf;om;vkdSxrfSomSzHk.aocGifSvSw0f;e0fSoGL?ref;crf;vk dStzl.tAl.tukdtxGmtuJkifz H k .uGyfpGOf.vGpfvGpfwjcifjcifwJrf;axaz:.xef.cGifSvSw0f;wJifref.tpkd.&zHk./vkdSwefzHk./tm.%m.

    ut0f.'g.yk*~dKvf;zHk./pJhSom;zHk./ykvdyf(,,fS)z H k .rOfrmSwrJ ki f SvJ hus d KufoSrmSavGS'sm./cH.om;vkdSxrfSomSzHk.epfem.vGOfSAm.tmarG;e0fSoGL? e0fSrSwJif w,f;p vm-o*kwf 16eDS/ref;tpkd.&vdwfowifSapmif.ukdvGwfSxef.xkdSaig0f;,GL;wa&.owifScrf;xef.zJhSEJkif;,kdzHk.xGLwum.w0f;/yk*~vduvdwfowifSapmif.zHk.vJhwJrf;owifScGifSaygif;wjcifvGOf/*sme,fr*~Zif.rJhig'kdSavmif;zHk.vJh az:.e,f atmifqef;pk-unf

    "mwfyGHK.zHk.vvGOfwJif/,dkzHk.e0fSxGmodef;pdeftpkd.&rl0g'tajymifStvJkif.wzlStptausmifS'Drdkua&SpD&JkifSwoGdK;a&Som;zHk.wGrf.wJrf;owifSom;zHk.a'ghS&kdSEJkif;e0fSoGL? ref.pJhStpkd.&zHk.,kdcg;vm;e0fSe0fSxmSxD.wAGefw0f;wGrf.a0GSoD;e0fS a0GSoD;owfrwfpGOf.t,m;om;&ef.ol./owifSXm.ecrf;xef.zJhSzHk.e0fSa0GSoD;owfrwfpGOf.&ef.ol.rmSoDvkdSom;EJ kif;e0f.zH k.oGL?uG,f.awGmhS,kdcge0fSxmSxD.EJkif;e0fSzHk.ajymifSvJkif.vGOfpvJOf;wJifcrf;xDtwm.

    xGmtaygifSvuQ%m.tausmifStwdkuftcHEkdif.i H .a&SygwDp G d K SwGr f.owifSXm.ez H k .xD.vG EJkif;e0fStausmifSaoxGSAm.oGL?

    ref;tpkd.&tGOf.qGdK;xkdSvJOf;aig0f;,GL;wa&.owifSXm.ecrf;xef.zJhS

    aeif.om;wGrf.vkdSweftoufuvSvJOf;'g.18aeif.rmSuDom;zH k./,Haz.urmSaEGmifSvGrwfyH kwifvdwfrwftwGufwm./a0ifSe,f.awmif;uDS trs d KSomSrwfyH kwifOD;p D;Xm.erl;

    OD;_yHK;csKdtGOfigxGLwJifwGrf.tvkdS0efxrf;om;zHk.weDScsifSaz.uvSxGLe0fSt0f.v,f.rmSavGSaz.&yfuGufukd'Hkaqmif.ukdzHk.tausmifSaoxGSvGOfAm.e0fSoGL?

    &Grf&Jrfxl.uGdKSavGS=rpdr/{&m0wD/acwfvli,f/RFA / VOA / Weeklyeleven/awmif}uD;wdkif;rf/a-u;rHk/jrefrmhtvif;/

    aeif.1373Am./0g.acgif.avmif;13eDS(-o*kwf27eDS)rGL;a&m0fSck d.9em;&D.&yf/ytk d0 f .er f;y Ji f .tky fcs Ky fc Gi f SvSO D;p D ;p G d K Se0 fSarmhScGJtHkuGKrfavGS/a0ifSe,f.t&ef;Xm.eqJif.&mSwGrf.&yfuGuf/'Hkup'g.tkyfcsKyfa&Stweftu,f.om;zHk.tausmifSaoxGSAm.oGL?

    armhScG JtH kuGKrfyG,fS,kde0fS r mSavGSytk d0 f.erf;yJif.tky fcs Ky fc Gi fSvSa'.o OD;p D;p G d KStpDSta0GS&GrfScefSukdwJif/a'.oOD;pD;pGdKSOuUXcGe fp HvGifa'g hSosifSe,favGSa'.oqJif.&mSt a u s m i f S c & m . t c s u f z H k . t a u s m i f S ? armhSc G JtH kuG Kr fy G,fSuk de0 fSa0ifSe,f.[k dy k d Scrf;om;woD.,GHK.weftwm.az.tyfavGSyg&GOftodef10/wGrf.[H.oGLSt&ef;xkdausmifSoGOfaomhSvdwftwGuf&GOf5odefSe0fSoGL? e0fSxGLwum.w0f; a rmhScG JtH kuGKrf

    y G,fSe0fSxGLe0fSwm.0Ge f.t0f.vk dSwefp G d KSz H k .avGSxGm;pJpfaqSygaeuutD.rGOf;zsifSw,f.qkd@Swom,if;'g.a0ifS[kdyk dS_rdK@raqS[H.uGufzHk.[H.cifzHk.tausmifStpdk.&a-u;rHkvdwfowifSukdt0f.'if.ysSe,fEJkif;e0fSoGL?

    xGm;c&m.ytdk0f;tOfwmepfqdk'fhttp://www.paohyouth.org

    http://www.paohpeople.info

    http://taunggyitime.blogspot.com

    http://bwarsara.blogspot.comhttp://paomagazine08.blogspot.com

    http://www.khunpaoh.com

    http://www.paohswee.com

    http://pa-oh-newdawn.blogspot.com

    ytdk0f.trsdKSomStpGdKScsKyf PNOygwDOuUX/cGefpHvGif

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    5/16vdwfrJhig=5

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    xmStD.xmSpsSu&dkSe0fSeDvdkSoD;wjcdKSwpdGK;pdGK;wrdfsKSrdsKSxl.oGHKSxGLtcdef.umvnqGmSar G ;w0 f ;v J h x l .o G H K Sx G Lwqi f .ay .tud k

    uxGdKif.uJkifxkdSawGmhSupGOfSEJkif.xdkS'g.t_cdGKif;t_c d K Sr s d K Sp G Kr f .um;ut0f;& d k SE J ki f ;e0 f SoGL?Oyrm.=uxdG Ki f.oDuJ ki fxd kS'g.touft0f.rs d KSum;ut0f.wGrf.touft0f.w0f;rs d KSap;yvyfowpf (Plastic)trsdKSrs d KS/yvJifS(aumif.)/ref./aA;trsdKSrsdKS/ar.vsyfopf_cdGKif;trsdKSrsdKSup'g.w_cdKSzHk.um;ut0f.rOf.uJkifjyifSpGOfSEJkif.xkdSxGLcgxGmxkdSxmStD.xmSpsSzHk.e0fSoGL/

    uG,f.awGmhS x mStD.xmSpsS & kdSpGOf.

    E J ki f;e0fSwJ hwAd G Ke fy Dw0f;vG0ifSt0f.tmpG d K;tmrsdKSwef'sm.e0fSoGL?Oyrm.=touft0f.aoif.rGL;aoif.a&miffSaoif.&m.udkuxGmvGOf'g.xmStD.xmSpsSzHk.e0fSxGmcsm'sm.urBm.[H.wef tus d KSoGL /y d G K ;E J ki f ;r J ki f Se Ju&k d Se0 fSxmStD.xmSpsSEJkif;e0fSzHk.e0fSjzif;aoifcsm,dkSurBm.[H.weftwGufwm.[H.-oZm.tae.vk Ji f.ajymifSaz.aEGmifSe0fSoGL?

    uG,f.awGmhS t 0f.'g.yvyfowpfzH k.uxGmvGOf'g.xmStD.xmSpsSrs d KSe0fSnpGOf.

    aei f .ay gi f St&smSwe fSvJ h wtD.uJ ki f jzi f ;aoifSaoGSxdkScsmw0f;e0fSoGL?e0fSxGLum.w0f;vdkSoD.zHk.vJhorf;t0f.xl.oGHKSavGSwJifweDSxGLweDSuG JvG d Ki f.vd G Ki f.uG JtmtmoJifSe0fSrSurBm.[H.weftwm.xGmvGOftDtE W&m,f.e0fSoGL?e0fSrSuGyfpGOf.t0f.xmStD.xmSpsSe0fSpm;zHk.uxGmvGOf'g. ta0G.t0ufzH k.wJifvdkSowW0g.oD.t"dutoufrGefAefaEGmifStwm.utm.uGdKStHkaemif'g.urBm.[H./xD/wvDSoD;zHk.twm.xGmvGOfpGOf.xmSirf;w&sdK;rkS tE W&m,f.wAm.

    e0fSoGL?

    xmStD.zHk.e0fSt0f.rJkifSudkvGOfa[mif; t0f.w_cdKSoGHKSvrf;udkuxef.vGOf'g.xmStD.xmSpsSwGrf.t0f.puf,Hk.xmSrmS,Hk.udk

    uxef.vGOf'g.xmStD.xmSpsSt0f.eDrsdKSe0fSoGL?t0f.vrf;udkuxef.vGOf'g.xmStD.xmSpsSrsdKSzHk.e0fSxl.oG H KSavGStDvrf;uk dwm.pp&mS&mS

    uajzSawmoJifS'g.w_cdKSzHk./Oyrm.ap;aum.(u|wfu|wftdwf)yvJifS/cGrfSvmS/cif.zg./xDS/ar.vsyfopfjcdGKif;jcdKSup'g.w_cdKStrsdKSrsdKSzHk.tvkd.t0f.w0f;'GKrfawGmhSpGOfSEJkif.xdkS'g.EJkif;e0fSpm;zHk.e0fSoGL?xmStD.EJkif;e0fSpm;zHk.e0fStavGSwdGK.rJkifSeJu&kdSe0fStavGSwdGK.tHkcsmaAmhStdGK;eDoGOf;oD;ut0f.tHkuGL.tm.uGdKS'g.xDwvDS[H.up'g.taomift&ifStavmif;zHk.e0fSoGL?

    xD wvDSe0fSzH k.e0fS e DvdkSoD; t 0f.

    oGHKSomwa&@SavGSe0fSoGL?rOf.xGm;EJkif;e0fSe0fSeDvkdSoD;_cGdKif.oefSa&Swm.wxGmvGOftDw0f;a&m.*g.abS&ef.e0fStD.vJOf;xdkSavGSrJ kifSukd/

    acGoDeDemSeDvdkSoD;rOf.uOfSpmS,l.xGm;pJif;pJif;e0fSoS&dGK;c&m.wefe0fSoGL?e0fSxGLwum.w0f;t0f.puf,Hk.udkuxef.vGOf'g.puf_cdGKif;_cdKSxmStD.xmSpsSzHk.e0fSwJhavGSwdGK.csmS,if;'sm.xDwvDS[H.wefavmif;aeae e0fSoGL? u[Jkif;ig.e0fSt0f.puf,Hk.awGmhSuEJkif.pGOfSxdkS'g.xmStD.xmSpsSwGrf.t0f."mwkwoD."mwfzHk.uazmf.pyf'g.xmStD.xmSpsSzHk.rOf.wdGK.avGSxDudkvJhxDudkut0f.'g.oufom;owW0g.zHk.oDxdkSaEGmifStDe0fSoGL?e0fSxGLwum.w0f;owW0g.EJkif;e0fSzHk.

    tavmif;ut0f.tHkaemif'g.eDvdkSoD;zHk.twm.vJhvSaEGmifStDa&m.*g./xay.pH.ig;om;zHk.vJhcH.pmSavGSAm.wa[m0fw0f;tusdKSoGKyfuJkifzHk.e0fSoGL?t0f.tdGK;puf,Hk.udkuaxxef.vGOf'g.tvGD;wtdGKzHk.(umAGef'dkifatmufqdk'f)e0fSpm;vJh

    xGmvGOfoGLwtdGK"mwfawGmhStJpfopfcrf;(AcidRain)zHk.avmhvifStDe0fSoGL?

    tJpfopfcrf;e0fSt,m;uJkifxkdSaEGmifSaoif.wjcmS/eDvdkSzHk.twm.vJhrmSxGmaEGmifStDtE W&m,f.zHk.wJif/tusdKSa[m0fwpdGK;igvJhwt0f.w0f;e0fSoGL?e0fSzH k.e0fSygrJ kifSrmSxGmvGOfeJ rOf.&DAm.vJh/ eDvdkSoD; zefqifSrmSxGmvGOf'sm.vGO f ;vGO f ;e0 f SoGL?e0 f SrSe Dut0f.tH k' g .t&yfa'.oudk / vk dSvifz H k. rOf.vGOfw,f.qd k @SavGSpuf_c d G Ki f ;puf,H k .xmSrmS,H k .z H k .e0 fSoSwGr f.a&SvGO fSr G Ke f ;w0f;?t0f.puf,H k .ud kuvSvGOf'g.tusdKStrswfe0fSe DoGOf;oD;tD.pH.

    pmSvGOfSAm.warG;w0f;e0fSoGL?eDtwGufwm.e0fStD.vSaAmhSeD&yf&m.ukdxDwvD[H.,m.zHk.a0G.0ufvGOf/warmhSzkdw0f;a&m.*g.woma&m.*g.xlSxlSqefSqefSzH k. xGmvGOftD e0fSvGKrfSoGL?ydGK;e0fSrSpuf,Hk.rsdKSzHk.,dk0ifStrsdKSavGSw,f.axmif.'sm.vdkSzHk .wtHkw0f;t&yfvdkSzHk.ut0f.nmS&mSt&yfa'.ozHk.e0fSoGL?

    rO f .a' g h SAm .x Ji f ;,i f ;wp d G K ;e0 f SxdefSodrfSavGSobm0taomif&ifStae.rOf.ajzSwjcdKS wpd GK;p d G K;qJif.ud k aqSukde0fS t0f.vdk.vGrfw0f;wGrf.ap;aum.(u|wfu|wftdwf)e D S oG H x d G K i f x yf e 0 fS o G L ? e 0 f S rS e D r O f .wvd k . aom h Sw0f ; ap ;aum.w J h x l .o Jif SawmoJifSae;aAmhSwGr f.e Der f;&ifSe0 fSvd k .w0f;' G Kr fap;aum. e0fSoGL? ayg.& d kSvd kSwG d Ki fSrO f .usi f SoG H K SaE Gmi f SavGS E J ki f ;e0 f Spm;e0 f Se DoGOf;oD;ut0f;tk H'g.urBm.wefavmif;,d koufqGmSp d k ;xd k tk HAm;wGr f ;wvDSa-umif;a-umif;pifpifom.om.,m.,m.e0fSoGL?

    xmStD.xmSpsS

    wGrf.eDvdkSoD;taomift&ifS

    cGefrsdK;xkd

    eDtwGufwm.e0fStD.vSaAmhSeD&yf&m.ukdxDwvD[H.,m.zHk.a0G.0ufvGOf/warmhSzkdw0f;a&m.*g.woma&m.*g.x l Sx l Sqe f Sqef Sz H k . x Gmv GO ft De0fSvGKrfSoGL?

    awmifSaoS??xGLuGdKStOfwmeJpfavmif;

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    6/16vdwfrJhig=6

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    ref;crf;Ed kif.iH.awm.&JAOf.a&S(umuG,fa&;)qJi f .&mSwGr f .tky fc s Ky fa&SqJi f .&mSynm.zHk.,dk t0f.'sm. _cJ@Se,f.om;udkvdkeDoD;xsSwGrf.zJpfopf*syefoD;xsS pGKrf;xGwfSvifSvGOfe0fSoGL?

    rOf.a'ghSAm.vJhtkyfcsKyfa&Synm.,dkref;oD;zHk.o GO fx l .' sm. _c J @ Se, f.om;t* Fv dyfo D ;xs Se0fSoGL?t*FvdyfvkdSrsdKSzHk.ut0f.tkyfcsKyfaeuref;crf;um.vt,HwGifScg/ut0f.tHk aomhS'g.ref;crf;udkcrf;&ifSom;um.ut0f./wjzmSwGrf.wjzmS wJhSoSacg0f;oDG.vkd@0ifSe0fSt*FvdyfoD;wvdk.w0f;e0fSoGL?

    ausmifSoGOfaomhSvdwfukdt*FvdyfoD;[email protected]&Spepfe0fSref;vdkSrsdKSzHk.tGOfvkd@0ifSyomvGtydkausmifS/

    ac._yJif.vkd @0ifSoGOfxl.vGtkyfcsKyfa&Synm.Oya'.ynm.Edkif.iH.crf;xDa&Synm.zHk.e0fSoGL?e0 fSrSwJi fre f;ay.ausmifSom;z H k .xmSxD.xmSaouxdGKif.vJkif.vGOf/rJhem;aAGmifSvGOfwJifrOftHk'GKrft*FvdyfvdkSrsdKSoD;tkyfcsKyfrkSqSvawGmhSvd G KqefatGm hSvefcsmp GO f .td* Fvdy f _c J @ Se,f.udkvdkeDpepfe0fSoGL?

    e0fSrSwJifa0ifS&ef.uGKef.udkref;ausmifSom;ay.zHk.xdGKif.xSysSe,fvGpGOf.a0GSoD;oStvdk.qEN

    e0fSoGL?_cJ@Se,f.om;t*FvdyfoD;zHk.vJh,Sxl.pGOf.cGOf;udGK@SzH k./xGKrf;wGrf.aozHk.awGmhS0g;Ed G [email protected];udGK@S,JkifwG,f.v,f.AkrfpGOf.ut0f.xdGKif.xS'g.xmSysSqENom;ausmifSom;ay.pdGKSzHk.e0fSoGL?uGyfpGOf.e0 fSrSwJi fre f;ausmifSom;tweftu,f.Ad kvfatmifausmfxJ hoGKr fSxd kSp GO f.tausmifSaoxGSvGOfSAm.orJifSap;vm.vdwfrJhigavmif;e0fSoGL?uG,f.awGmhSt*Fvdyfacwfe0fS&dkSpGOf.awufSEsSig.crf;om;vdkSxrfSomSzHk.utHkaomhS'g.

    ref;crf;udk&dkSpGOf.vJhref;crf;udk tH.tGSwm.uGKef.usHSzHk.,HuvGKrf;uGKrf.e0fSajzSvGOfpGOf.oGOf.o,f.(u|ef)ukvmSvkdSrsdKSzHk.awGmhSvGOftGOf.vGKyfSrmSaz.vJkif.ref;crf;udke0fSoGL?

    rO f .a' g @ SAm.re f ;cr f ;E d ki f .i H .& JAO f .a&Swm.pJhSynm.zHk.e0fSref;crf;udkwcrf;vGKrf;qJif.&mSt & D ; oG w f S u w ,f . a x mi f . ' g. p J h S wy fArmhvGwfvyfa&;wyfrawmf(bDtdkifat)[J h&JabmfoH k;us dy fe0fSoGOfxl.p J hSynm.zJpfopf*syefoD;xsSxGLawGmhSwdGKufSxef.csm,if;_cJ @Se,f.om;t*Fvdyfud kvd ke DoD;z H k.ut0f.tkyfcsKyf'g.ref;crf;ukde0fSoGL?zJpfopfpepfe0fSaeif.1919Am.vmrwfwGifSe0fStDwvDcrf;tm.%m.aAG.rlqdkvDeDuw,f.axmif.'g.zJpfopfygwDayg.

    xef.vGOfe0fSoGL?urBm.avmif;,dk*smrefeDcrf;emoDygwD[pfwvmwGrf.*syefoD;ae;xl.pepf,dkawGmhSusifSoHGKStkyfcsKyftDAm.zdkcrf;xDEdkif.iH.e0fSoGL?

    'kwd,urBm.pJ hSyG,fSwGifSut0f.usifSoHGKS'g.z Jp fopfpepf*smreDemoDygwDe0fSrmSoDxd kS*sL;vdkSrsKdS6oef;vGdKe0fSoGL?zJpfopfpepfe0fS

    uxGm'g.cr f;om;wjzmSp D.,d ka'g h Sajzm0 f. /a'ghSa[mfScGifSwGrf.yJif.qJif.w_cdKSOpPm.cGifSt0f.Am.w0f;e0fSoGL?cH.pmSAm.udGK@Scrf;xDtpkd.&uaz.'g.tcGifSta&SvGKrfSxGLwJifvdkSoD;toDG.ouf,dkEkdif.iH.crf;xDtpkd.&oD;yJif.qJif.vkd@'sm.e0fSoGL?zJpfopf0g.',dkEkdif.iH.crf;xDukdvdkSut0f.a0 G .ze f . axi fni f Sc sm' g . tp d k .&xmSrmS

    uvGdKqef'g.tpkd.&om;ref.orstpdk.&oD;az.yJpfaz.wH.pGOf.e0fSoGL?cdGKif;[email protected]./r*~Zif;/vdwfowifS/a&'D,dkzHk.,dktpdk.&cGKrfwOf.cgSxGLawGmhScrf;om;zHk.urOfao'g.qJif.&mScrf;xD/pDSyGmSa&S/vdkSrkSa&S/ynm.a&S/_cd G Kif.oefSa&SzHk.e0fSaocGifSvudGK@Stpdk.&urOfaz.ao'g.tcsufzHk.e0fSvGKrfSoGL?

    cdGKif;[email protected],EJkif;'sm.qSuD,dkzH k.e0fSt0f.armifSpGOf.'kwd,urBm.pJhSuxGLwJif t*FvdyfoD;*syefoD;zHk.pGOfSEJkif.xdkSnmSvGcef;'sm.

    e0fSoGL?uG,f.awGmhSref;crf;uoGOfxl.cgS'g.ynm.a0GSoD;xsSzHk.,dkref;oD;t0f.xl.usifSoHGKSaeuASwd G K.p GO f.21&smSAl.ud ke0fSoGL?ref;crf;ud k crf;&ifSom;ut0f.aomhS'g.vdkSrsKdSaygifS130vdGKe0fSvdkSrsKdSay.wcdGKSwGrf.wcdGKS,dkwJhSacg0f;oDG.xDSvkdS0ifSe0fSref;pJhStpkd.&oD;wvdk.w0f;e0fSoGL?vdkSrsKdSwcdGKStudkut0f.avGmif.Al.'[email protected]&S,Haz.uySvDxdkSe0fSref;vdkSrsdKSoD;ae;pGOf.te,fSwzlSpGKrf.wJif,m;uJkifvDxkdSpGOf.e0fSoGL?rOf.a'g hSAm.e0fSapmufSvdkSrsK dSzH k.,dk

    a0GSoD;cG,fSoDG.cG,fSoSae;pGOf.Ak'

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    7/16vdwfrJhig=7

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    t0f.pJpfaqSwGifS (ppfa-uma&;umv)cH.Am.ref;pJhSoD;wG,f.oDxkdSwJifuxGm'g.tydktrmSzHk.xD.vGOfSAm.w0f;'GKdef.toif.cJifSASwdGK.pGOf.[ef.oeDS,kdoGL?ut0f.uJkif'g.'Hkom;(5)jzmSe0fSvJhref;pJhSa[mufaomhSpGOf.axmif.a0ifSawmif.uDSqSvwdGK@Sawmifav;vHk.axmif.ukdolSe0fSoGL?o r f ;,i f ;w vJi f . e0 f S ae i f . 2 0 10 A m .

    vmpufwifbm(20)eDSe0fS/Adkvfr;aZmfvif;xGef;utGOfig'g.cv&423pJhSref;pdGKSe0fS/azsmfwdGK.vGOf'Hkaoif._zDSemxsSe0fSoGL?tcdef.wGifSe0fScge0fSxGufaomrdEN([Jh)cGefarmifusmtydkrl.emif.cHSzsL.(toufvS4aeif.)t0f.tHkvGLxmSodGK@S_cHudkwGifS/pJhSref;pdGKSe0fSwGrf.wewfwJifcSpGOf.emif.cHSzsL.tplaAmife0fSoGL?emif.cHSzsL.uxdGKif.idGK;_cDajcm0ftaig0f;cgaumuxGmtzmcGefarmifusmvGif;vGOfa,Gmhcef;tydkrl.wJif/pJhSref;vJhwGrf.wewfcSorf;,if;pGOf.cGefarmifusm&dG K@taxGzJhSawGmhS/wewf&m.vGif;jzGOfxef.pGOf.&[email protected]?

    t0f.e0 fSawGm hS' H kom;z H k .e0 fS'if.vifSce f;cGefarmifusmoD;wzmydka0ifSoD.oJif.woD.,HGK.vJh/woD.,HGK.udke0fSwoD._cdGKif;u&d,m.orf;vGKrf;uGrf.rkStJOfx0f;wJif'if.xif.orf;,if;a0ifSawmif;uDSp0f;pHxGef;woD.,HGK.e0fSoGL?xdGKif.wdGK.p0f;pHxGef;woD.,HGK.avmif;e0fS woD.xGS[0fw0f;awGmhScGefarmifusmvJhtoufoGKrfSuJkifxdkScef;'sm.(22vmpufwifbm2010)eDSe0fSoGL?

    c Ge farmi fusme0 f St0 f.axif ;xr f .ytd k0 f .

    pGdK;cGdKStpGdKScsKyf (PNO) xmSrmSyk*~dKvf.wjzmSaeaee0 fSoGL?c d G Ki f ;0 d G K @wGr f.c Ge farmifusmuoDrm;xkdSAm.xmSudpP,dke0fSw&mSOya'.tvS(PNO)xl.a&Sudkaz.w0f;EJkif;rJkifSrJkifStausmifSaoxGSvGOfSAm.EJkif;e0fSoGL? (PNO)e0fSwGrf.& d kSr G Ke f;w0f;' G K de f;vd kSvif/tvdkScsmoGLrOf;wJ hxGmvGO fE J ki f ;, k de0 f S a0 G SoD ;wtGO f .a&Saz.w0f;wJif/EJ kif;'sm.aoif._zDSem'H kom;atmif re fw Gr f . w0 d k ifo D ; uoDrm;x d k SAm .xmSudp Ptavmif; /a0 GSoD;utD.xl.a&Sud kaz.

    wGrf.Oya'.a&SzJhSe0fS,def;vJOf;nmSnmSxJif;e0fSoGL?pJhSref;urmSoDxdkS'g.eDytkd0f.crf;om;'Hkom;EJkif;,dke0fS'Hkaoif._zDSemvGKrfSwum.w0f;/um;wJifuaoxGSvGOfAm.e0fSoJkifSacg0fqSuGOf;'Hkaomom;jzm;'Hk/[dkerf;qSuGOf.xifSut0f.'g.'HkvG,foHodyfSjzm;'HkoD;zHk.e0fSvJhpJhSref;rmSoDxdkSaeaee0fSoGL?[dkerf;xsSut0f.'g.'HkxDysOfudkut0f.tHkaomhS'g.emif.pDe0fSvJhpJhSref;vG,faumf.wyfpdGKStjzmS(15)tGOfw0ifSapmufumSa&mifwJifemif.pDtoufoDrm;xdkSpGOf.e0fSoGL?

    ypPKy`ef.um.v,dkcg,HwGifSref;crf;tacg0fxifScifcrf;e,f.udk/ref;wGrf.cifpJhSzHk.xGmwdGKufSyG,fSwJifref;pJhSut0f.xdefScsKyf'g.[H.e,f.udkut0f.tHkaomhS'g. cifvdkSrsKdScd GKSEG,f. c,f.vD.aomf.zHk.

    *sdef;azm.cdGKSzHk.e0fSref;pJhSapmufumSrmSoDxdkSt0f.tmig;vJOf;tausmifSaoxGSvGOfSAm.cifrl.p d G KSuajz@SvD'g.vdwftGOf.[GKe fcrf;om;ud ke0fSoGL?uxGm'g.ajzm0fScrf;e,f./cifcrf;e,f./apmufScr f ;e,f. / apmufSwEsm.cr f ;e,f. / rJifScrf;e,f.udkpJhSwdGKufSyG,fSuxGm'g.a'.oudkzHk.e0fSref;tpdk.&pJ hSzH k.edufpufrmSoDvdkS'H kz H k./

    apmufumSvdkSrl.ay.zHk.t0f.xGmcdGKScdGKStausmifS/a'.oukdqJif.&mSvdkScGifSa&Spd G KSzH k.uax'g./vdwf'if.e,f(tpD&ifcHpm)udkt0f.wJrf;_zJKifSe,fEJkif;e0fSoGL?

    rOf.xGm;Am.ref;pJhSzHk./a0GSoD;oH.o,wuifSw0f;vdkS'HkzHk.,dk/a0GSoD;qGrfSusSedufpufrmSqmwG,f.eufrmSoD/t"rRt0f.apmufumSavGSEJkif;,kde0fSASwdGK.[ef.oeDSe0fSoGL?e0fSvGKrfSrum.a'.oudk'H kom;zH k.uyJif.qJif.'g.odGK@S_cHvJkif;[H.,m.zH k.vJh/ae;wGrf.plcGKrfvufeuftm.%m.tme,fStmp d G K ;awGm h S t"r Ruxl.odr f Sa jci fxd k S' g.

    udpPe0fS/ref;crf;wcrf;vGKrf;tudk pGpfSpGpfSpJpfSpJpfSut0f.'g.vJkif;vGKyfS_cHrmSom;zHk.t0f.cJGusLH.armhSwvl.a&mifAm.ASwdGK.[ef.oeDS,dke0fSoGL?uGyfe0fSrSwJifrOf.xGm;csmAm.e0fSref;pJhSu'g.vGOf'g.pJhSynm.zJpfopf*syefxsSe0fSref;pJhSoD;t0f.usifSoHGKSavGSaeuzJufoJpf0g.'pJhSa&SpepfASwdGK.[ef.eDS,dke0fSoGL?yGdK;e0fSrSwJifref;crf;udkut0f.tHkaomhS'g.crf;om;xDom;zHk.e0fS/cH.aEGmifS'GKrf pJhSref;tpdk.&oD;tm.%m.wtGdKvl;EGrfSuJkifzHk.wJift&G,f.rJOf.oGOfynm.vdkS,JGzHk.e0fSvGif;xef.crf;/

    xGKrf.rmSpGOf.oGOf;o,f.ygStmcrf;udkolSe0fSoGL?

    rO f .xGm;Am.,if ;c,f.cr f ;or Ji f SvJ h / c,f.vdkSrsK dSzH k.e0fSpGOf.pG d K @S&d kSomSusdKSpmSvGKyfSrmaqha&;[0fig.wJif_cJ@Se,f.udkvdkeDt*FvdyfoD;utD.xl.odrfSaEGmifSc,f.crf;,kd,dkSw0f;e0fSoGL?e0fSrSwJif,Haz.uodrfSvSc,f.crf;twGufwm.t*FvdyfoD;xl.oH G KSp GO f.te,fSOm%f.a[G.awGmhSwdGKufSxl.ae;pGOf.azifSzifS,mvHe0fSoGL?e0fSrSwJifc,f.vdkSrsKdSzHk.e0fS,mvl;pGL.Am.xdkStoS&m.awGmhSerf;usifSuJ ki fvDxd kSvd k @wJif

    t*FvdyfoD;vJhxl.odrfS,dkS,dkSrmSrmSaEGmifSxkdSpGOf.c,f.crf;e0fSoGL?

    ref;crf;tpdk.&,dkcgvJht0f.usifSoHGKSvGOfSaeu_cJ@S

    e,f.udkvdkeDt*FvdyfoD;tkyfcsKyfa&Synm.,zHk.e0fSoGL?ref;crf;udkcdGKif;0dGK@wGrf.,mvHqdGK@S&Jkifa&S,kd/y d G Ki f;vJif.e0fSt0f.ud G K @S'sm.ajzm0fScrf;e,f.udkvGKrfS&d kSpGOf.vJhxdGKif.wdGK.vGOf1990=2010Am.aei f .tcg.v,f.ud ke0 f S / re f ;p J h Stp d k .&(e0w/etz)tky fc s Ky fa&StwGi f Sum.v,mvHqdGK@S&Jkifa&SxmSrmS,dkt0f.ajzm0fScrf;e,f.

    vG Kr f Sum.' G Krf ci fcr f ;e,f. / c si f Scr f ;e,f. /&cJif.crf;e,f./yud kSwd G Ki f./rauG;wd G Ki f.z H k .vJ h,mvHqdGK@S&Jkifa&St0f.vGOfpGOf.tausmifS/urBm.ukvor*~Xm.ewAm. (UNODC)uaxxef.'g.2010,mvHqJif.&mvdwf'gif.e,f(tpD&ifcHpm)aoxGSvGOfSAm.e0fSoGL?

    wa[m0fw0f;zJpfopf0g.'wGrf.ww&mSw0f;udkvdkeDpepfvDSpepf,zHk.,dkASwdGK.pGOf.21&smSAl.udkref;pJhStpdk.&oD;t0f.usifSoHGKSavGSaeutausmifSaxGaxmifwGrf&Grf'if.ysSe,fAm.EJkif;,dkoGL?

    xGm;csmvJkif;

    rOf.a&.avGSig xGm;csmygAJif;

    uvJOf;cdk.csm orJifS,dktvS

    txsSwGrf.tem axmifygoufao.

    ajz.osifSe,ftarG; a'ghSe,fae;trJOf.

    ttJOf.wGrf.tvJkif; xGKrf.qJkif;w,GdKufSxef.

    awm.vef.csm cGdKufwJiftrsKdS,dkurm.

    t0f.vd k.ig.arGmh xmS'g.,dkwGrf.xmSao

    rGL;achSwGrf.rGL;av twGifSudkcdef.cg.

    tem.*gwfwm. eDuvdk.'g.tm.&JifS

    xD.oJifScsm orJifStac.tae.

    pG Jxdkyif.az. [ef.eDS,dkuxGm

    umigwzlS eDutD.axmiftGOfa&mifavGmif.Al.AJif;aoGmhSeDytdk0f.? ?

    cGefae

    rOf.xGm;csmAm.e0fSref;pJhSu'g.vGOf'g.pJhSynm.zJpfopf*syefxsSe0fSref;pJ hSoD;t0f.usifSoHGKSavGSaeu

    zJufoJpf0g.'pJhSa&SpepfASwdGK.[ef.eDS,dke0fSoGL?

    wjzmS'sm.

    avmuvkdScrf; uH.nH;om;acGaqhSajcmynm. xmS'g.uifSnmS

    wjzmSwqGL. vkdSrl.r&uf,l.yuf&GOfcHS a,mifSqifSvJhajcm

    acG,kde0fSaem wjzmS'sm.?cGefarmif.

    (&wem.aumifa[h)

    uAsm

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    8/16vdwfrJhig=8

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    at'Daeif.1057Am.e0fS/ref;cGeftaemf.&xm.wdGKufSxl.odrfSaEGmifSxdkSoxHGK.crf;awGmhS/oxHGK.crf;a[mfeefSavmif;ytdk0f.cGefwefrEk[m./ygwGrf.

    ynm.'g.yk*~dKvf.tjzmSaygifS30000vGd K,dk/cH.Am.0ifSqGrfSusavGSxdkSyk*H.xGLrum./vdGKuw_cdKSyapPSvdwfyduwfzHk.,dkvJhref;cGeftaemf.&[email protected]*H.crf;udkolSe0fSoGL?

    yk*H.crf;ref;cGeftaemf.&xm.uxdGKif.oDe0fS/tydkcdkapmvl;rif;xif.xGmaomhSvJkif.cGefwJif/apmvl;rif;uxd G Ki f .oDe0 fS /use fpp fom;xGmvGO fvJ J ki f .cGefa[mfcHSe0fSoGL?usefppfom;cGef(11)&smSAl.aeif.udke0fS/usefppfom;cGefxl.cH.cef;ysLvdwfrl

    wGrf. rJifSvdwfrl awGmhS/ wJrf;xGif.zefxef.az.cef;ref;vdwfrle0fSoGL?w,f.ptcdef.e0fSrSref;vdwfref;ig0f;e0fS/xl.vGL;xef.vGOfygVdig0f;/ ysLig0f;/rJifSig0f;ukdzHk.xGLrum./t0f.ygVd/ysL/rJifSvdwfzH k./wJrf;csm.xef.avGS,if;ref;ig0f;ref;bm.om.wJif/w,f.pGOf.tcdef.e0fSrSref;vdwfzH k.e0fS/wOf.acGgifvGOfcef;weDSwpdSe0fSoGL?e0fSrSwJifat'D1113Am.aeif.&yfe0fS/usefppfom;cGefyd kcd k&mZukrm&fawmufSwJrf;r J ki fcgSaEGmifScef;vdwfvH k;xGe f.avmif;(ausmufpm)wGrf.ref;/ysL/rJifS/ygVdbm.om.

    zHk.e0fSoGL?ysLvdkSrsKdS,dke0fSxGm'sm.apmufScdGKSEG,f.ud k vd kSrsK dSz H k .tausmifS/ orJifSynm.aAG.oD;t0f.&HSa&mifSvGEJkif;e0fSoGL?

    c g ;vm;c&mZf,me f .om.oem.uwd G K .vGO fref;crf;udke0fS/apmufScdGKSEG,f.tukdut0f.'g.vdkSrsKdSzHk.e0fS/vdGKwJifytdk0f.vdkSrsKdS,dk/vdkSrsKdSvifzHk.vdwfvJ ki f S wtJO fx0 f ;' G K de f ;tausmi f S / jre frm hp G, fp H kusr f ;twJ G (1)vdwfr J hi g (95)ud ke0 fS /t0f.wJr f ;r J ki fcg SE J ki f ;e0 fSoGL?

    jynfaxmifpkxJuytdk0f;vdwftkyfudkut0f.'g.ordkif;Eifhywfoufaomytdk0f;wdkif;&if;om;rsm;uwl.pJOf.qSv/w,f.pGOf.vdwfrJhig(1)ASavGSvdwfrJhig(22)ukdt0f.wJrf;_zJKifSe,f/ysLvdkSrsKdSe0fSytdk0f.vdkSrsKdS'sm.tausmifSEJkif;e0fSoGL?

    &mZukrm&f tr G d K; or B Lve0 fS / x Gm'sm .vd k Srl . ' H kv G,fvHk (yi favmif S) tausmi f S /jynfaxmifpkxJuytdk0f;vdwftkyfudkvdwfrJhig(15)ukde0fS/t0f.azmf.xef.e,fEJ kif;e0fSoGL?

    usefppfom;e0fSytdk0f.[Jhosif.acwfomSwJi f / vd k Syi favmifS'sm.tausmifS /ytd k0 f .ig0f;orJifStvSt0f.a'ghSvGEJkif;e0fSoGL?e0fSrSwJifusefppfom;cGefuwJrf;xGif.cgSaz.'g.vdwfref;,dk/tig0f;xef.yDEJkif;ytdk0f.ig0f.e0fS(uGm.'sm.udGK@Sig0f.

    wvDStxGL.tzDG)t0f.tmarG;ig.e0fSoGL?

    ref;vdwfudktig0f;uxef.AdGKefyD'g.ytdk0f.ig0f;zHk.

    e0fS/rOf.zcG,fSjz,fxef.ae;vdwf_zHK.yOf_zH K._zHK.awGmhS_z J Ki fSxef.,if;t"dy `m,f.e0fS/wGrf.ref;ig0f;awGmhSqGrfSxef.t"dym,f.wvSw0f;wJif/wGrf.ytd k0 f.ig0 f;awGmhSqGrfSxef.t"dy `m,f.uvSe0fS/xD.Am.yDEJkif;vdwf_zHK.uyg'g.qSv,dkzHk.e0fSoGL?,[ef.e0fSeDxif.awm;'sm./ytdk0f.,dkxl.vGL;xl.oHGKSvGOftmarG;pGOf.ref;ig0f;,l.rm.xif;vG,fSawm'sm.EJkif;e0fSzHk.oGL?

    om.,m.

    eDytd k0 f.oD;ua'g hS'g.om.,m.u&k dS'g.ig0f.,dke0fS/om; u&dkSe0fS,yfScJkif.Am.w0f;& d G K;Am.w0f;/,m.u&d kSe0fSxmSrJ ki fSr J ki fSwa&mfSw0f;/t,m.ajcifajcift,m.oef;oef;(cHS,m./&GOf,m.)EJkif;e0fSoGL?e0fSrom.,m.

    u&dkSe0fS/vdkSoD;oSudkxmScH.pmS,dkoS&dGK;Am.

    w0f;oSxGL.Am.w0f;oScGS&sL.[0fig.tc&m.xef.EJkif;e0fSoGL?

    qS&m.(q&m.)orf;,if;wrsKdS/eDytdk0f.oD;u[JhS&dkS'g.q&m.i g0 f ;, dke0 f S / q,d k t D .x Gm' sm. qSEJkif;e0fSoGL?rOf.a'ghSwJufwdGKifSe,fAm.e0fS/AGL_cD.AGL&m.qS[0fig./AGL&m.t_cDGqSpwJifEJkif;e0fSzHk.oGL?AGL&m.t_cDGqSzHk.,dkrOf.qdk@Sorf;,if;e0fS/A GLr GL;z H k .,def;y GmStmyd k.xGLawGmhS/A GL&m.vJ h

    ,def;vSydk;vGOfwJifqSu&dkSe0fS/xGmtpdGK;[0ftxsStaxmifS[0 f a' g h SAm.E J ki f ;e0 f SoGL?&m.u&dkSe0fSt&m.ut0f.'g.trGL;rsKdSzHk.,dk/tpdGK;t_cD GuOf.tmtme0fS t0f.'sm.t&m.udkuxGm'g.tclSzHk.e0fSoGL?trGL;rsKdSzHk.,dkrOf.qkd@S

    yGmStmorf;,if;e0fSxl.Am.tclSqdGK@SrStrGL;ay.zHk.a'ghSxef.yGmStmvGOfe0fSoGL?e0fSrSeDytdk0f.oD;u[JhSAm.q&m.yk*~dKvf.,dka0GSxmSaoxmS'g.

    ynm.,dk/uxdGKif.jzm;vGOfwJifa'ghSAm.a0GSxmS'g.ynm.,dk&m.vGOfvJOf;/oGOfzef;az.awm.orf ;,if ; vd k Svifwm. aE Gmi f SvJO f ;e0f SrS /a0GSynm.,dkqS[0fig.wJif/yk*~dKvf.,dke0fS[JhSAm. qS&m. EJ kif;e0fSoGL?pJ hSyd kvf.wjzmSarG;w0f;vJhtpdk.&xmSrmSom;wjzmSjzmStweftu,f.,dke0fSytdk0f.[JhSt&m.om;ig0f;a'ghSEJkif;e0fSvJht0f.oGL?

    au.ZlS(plS)

    e Dytd k0 f .oD;wjzmSwGr f.wjzmSrOf.ul.nD.xGLw0ifSe0fS/a'g hS'g.ig0f;au.ZlSwif.ig.EJ kif;e0fSoGL?ig0f;,dke0fSrOf._zJKifSxef.e,fAm.t"dy `m,f.e0 fS /au.u&d k Se0 fSwm.0 Ge f.au.vJOf;/ ut0f.vdk.rmS'g. xmSrmSrsK dSzH k.,dkxGLxdkSvJOf;au.xdkSvJOf;E Jkif;e0fSoGL?ZlS(plS)u&dkSe0fSwzJhSom;olSuul.nD.udk'g.xmSrmSwrsKdSrsKdSwpdGK;pdGK;,dk/eDae;ZlS'sm.oabmfSAdGKef'sm.wJif/e0fSrS[JhSAm.ZlS(plS)e0fSoGL?(plS'sm./plSw0f;)?eDut0f.vdk.'g.tul.tnD.wpdGK;wrsKdS,dk/wzJ h Som;olSrmSaz.au.au.wJi fe Dz J h SvJ h

    ae;ZlS(plS)vufcH.qGKrf.e0fSrS/[JhSAm.au.ZlS(plS)e0fSoGL?rOf.a'ghSAm.e0fSwif.u&dkS,dkxGm'sm.ig0f;iGgrswfwJif/t"dym,f.e0fSyDAdGKefeJif;az.tyf/uyfvl.EJkif;e0fSoGL?eDuyJif.qJif.'g.w_cdKSwpdGK;wrsKdS,dkwGrf.oSqENt0f.t0f.ap.wem.ygygawGmhStyfaxh/uyfaxh/az.axh/vl.axhavGScif.vrf;rswfwaxGmif;axGmif;/tAGefuwef'g.vd kSwjzmSjzmSxsS,d kt0f.oH G KSig0 f.wif.EJkif;e0fSoGL?Oyrm.=wif.oGrfSawm.(oGrfSawm.vlSa[mf/z&mSausmifS]wif.)/wif.w_cdKSvl.

    (w_cdKSvl.aAG.AGef]wif.)/ar.wif.(ar."gwfxD]wif.)pwJifEJkif;e0fSoGL?

    wdus(wOf.us)ref;u&dkS'g.wduse0fSeDytdk0f.oD;vJht0f.oH G K St0f.a'g h Saeaee0 fSoGL?wd,d ke0 fSt D .x G m' s m . w O f . e 0 f SoG L ? w O f .u&d kSe0fSw_cdKSwpd G K;wrsK dSvJ hoif/ig0 f;iG gz H k .vJhoif/&JkifSwvSw0f;'GKrf/_cJKif;ajymifSxdkScif.vrf;waxGmif;axGmif;vSw0f;'GKrf/wGrf.ig0f;awGmhS

    a'g hSajymifSxdkStc&m.wvSw0f;'GKrf/wGrf.vdwfawGmhSwJrf;ajymifSxdkStc&m.wvSw0f;'GKrft"dy`m,f.xef.EJ kif;e0fSoGL?usu&dkSe0fS&Jkif;[ef/acGgifcH.aqGmhSwvm/wOf.acGgifaqGmhS[0fig.t"dy `m,f.vSEJ ki f;e0fSoGL?Oyrm.=oSus/

    eDytdk0f.ig0f;,m. t"dyg,f.t0f.'sm.cGefqefuD

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    9/16vdwfrJhig=9

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    vdkSus/zdk;avm,dkus[0fig;/aAG;AGefa[mfSw&mSus,Hig;/qS&m.,dkwjzmSoGOfaz.vdkSay.vdwfusig;pwJifEJkif;e0fSoGL?e0fSrSwJifwdus(wOf.us)u&dkSe0fSwOf.acGgif=rJOf.vJOf;oGLt"dym,f.vSEJkif;e0fSoGL?

    onf(oGL)

    re f;vdwf,d krOf.wJr f ;e0 fStGO f.oGwfSwGr f.onfe0fSoGL?uG,f.awGmhSref;rOf.a'ghSig0f;e0fSwtGO f .o Gw f Sy gw0 f ; w Gr f . onf e0 f SowdvSvGaeraumif;?Oyrm.=ref;oD;rOf.wJrf.vdwfe0fSoGm;cJhonf/rOf.a'ghSig0f;e0fSa'ghS'sm.oGm;cJhw,f?EJkif;'sm.eDytdk0f.vdkSrsKdS,dkrOf.a'g hSig0f;e0fStGOf.oGwfSwGrf.oGLrOf.wJrf;vdwfvJhtGOf.oGwfSwGrf.oGLu&dkSe0fSowdvSvG'sm.vk d @0i fSyigy&mSz H k .e0 fSoGL?Oyrm.=ytdk0f.wJrf;vdwfe0fSavGSvJOf;oGL?rOf.a'ghSig0f;vJhavGSvJOf;oGL?wJrf.vdwf wGrf.

    a'ghSig0f;,dk AdGKefAd GKefvkd@0ifSu&dkSe0fS aoxGSAm.EJkif;,dkoGL?

    enf;(eJ;)ref;oD;rOf.wJrf;vdwfig0f;&D(ar;cGef;)z Hk.,[ef.e0fStGOf.oGwfSwGrf.enf;EJkif;e0fSoGL?uG,f.awGmhSref;a'ghSig0f;e0fSwtGOf.oGwfSw0f;wGrf.enf;e0fSoGL?Oyrm.=OwkoHk;yg;qdkonfrmtb,fenf;?atmufygyk*~dKvftrnfrsm;onf

    rnfoluAdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;tzdk;jzpfygoenf;pwJifEJkif;e0fSoGL?uG,f.awGmhScdGKif;[email protected];&D(ar;cGef;)zHk.,dkytdk0f.vdkSrsKdSzHk.e0fSa'ghSig0f;,if/wJrf;vdwf,iftGOf.oGwfSwGrf.eJ;u&dkSe0fSowdvSvG'sm.vk d @0i fSz H k .e0 fSoGL?Oyrm.=OwkoHGygSu&dkSe0fSEJ kif;rJkifSeJ?yk*~dKvf.rOfSuyg'g.v,dkzHk.e0fSAdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;zmjzm;rOfStAm.rJ ki fSeJ; pwJifEJ ki f;e0fSoGL? rOf.xGm;Am.,if;ig0f;a'ghSe0fSOyrm.=aeif .womqefSweDSe0fSweSwGrf.rGL;eDSwrJkifSeJ;?aoif.&m.,dkaz.tH.vdkSqm'g.aeeJ?0ifSutD.rmS'g.yG,fSrGL;eDScdGKSytdk0f.

    e0fSt0f.uJkifcGKdif;rJkifSeDSeJ;pwJifEJkif;e0fSoGL?

    e0fSrSwJifcd G Kif;0d G K @wGrf.vdwfvJkifSc&m.wGrf.i g0 f ;i g G i g0 f ;,m.c&m.uD,d kz H k .e0 f Sytd k0 f .xl.vGL;ref;ig0f;eJ@/ref;xl.vGL;ytdk0f.ig0f;eJ@u&dkSe0fS/a[mfSxGm;vdwfom;y&dwfowfoD;z H k.wGrf.xmSao^m%f.z H k .wJi fcsi f ;qH G K Sz swfcsm'sm.yigy&mStausmifS'if.ysSe,fAm.oGL?

    0 Ge f .c H .c suf? ? wJr f ;vdwfom;ac GoGO f ;e0f SbmomaA'om;warG;w0f;wJifoSudk,l.ajzmifSvGO fawGm hSer f;wjzmSxmSxD.tae.wJr f ;xef.e,fAm.ytd k0 f .ig0 f ;,m.tc&m.EkJif;,dkoGL?rOf.rm.w&[email protected]@Sw0f;vJhxGm'sm.acGoGOf;tyJpfacGoGOf;wm.0Gef;e0fSoGL?

    xl.udGKS aA'g&dyftifwmeufpm-unfhwdkufudkut0f.'g.uwl.pJOf.ysLpm/rGe fpmrsm;Eif h jrefrmpmrsm;wGrf.toHk;tEHK;rsm;cdkif+rJvmyHk

    e0fSoGL?www.gandarya.net

    Drought=('a&mwfxf)&m.oD.OwkaohSoJifrkS?crf;ckd;crf;acgif.rkS?crf;avmhw0f;ncrf;cdk;crf;acgif.wJi f &m.oD.Owkvsm;uwpfSaohSoJi fr k S ? tvmwefStaeif.wefScdef.cg.nqGmSum.vwAm.ukd crf;avmhw0f; crf;cd k;crf;acgif.awGmhSa'.oukdxDaohSvGOf/oHkSaqmif.vl;tGSwGrf.qdk@S&JkiftDvJkif;oGdK@S_cHwm.cGJusKH.armhSwvl.vGOf

    xDajcmys\em. up'g. tac.tae.EJkif;,kdrOf.xGmvGOfe0fSxGm&m.oD.OwkaohSoJifrkSe0fSoGL?

    &m.oD.OwkaohSoJifrkSuxGmvGOfAm.e0fSuGyfyGdK;a'.ouk d cr f ;avmhw0 f ;n/rO far G ;w0 f ;vJ hcrf;avmhaqhSvGOfSxmScrf;avmhvGKrf;w0f;awGmhSxGmvGOfSAm.e0fSoGL?&m.oD.OwkaohSoJifrkS,kdc G d Ki f ;pm.Am.qmavGStDa'.ouk daoif.0 g .xmSrGL;rsdKSpGKrf.wGrf.toufom;owW0g.rsdKSpGKrf.oD;wzJhSwGrf.wzJhSut0f.qGdKufpyftHka&mifSvG'g.obm0a*[pepfwGrf.qkd@S&Jkifa&SzHk.xGLwum.w0f;/rOf.xGmnvGOfe0fSa'.o&yf&m.ukdpDSyGmSa&SwGrf.b0tHkt0f.a&SwJhuJkifvGOfStDe0fSoGL?qJ ki fSoGwfSe0fS e Dvk dStzl.tAl.tukdobm0taomift&ifSuJkifvGOf/qkd @S&J kifa&SuJkifvGOf/a&m.*g.a0G.'em.zHk.'GKefvGOf vGdKif.uGKefSvGOfwJifxdcGdKuf_cGdKif.oefSa&S/pDSyGmSa&SuJkifvGOfup'g.tusdKSoGKyfuJkifzHk.xGmvGOfe0fSoGL?

    Pollution=(aygvl;oOf;)xmSa0 G.0uf aAmhSvJhSrkS?jcL._cD.?tpGL.?xmSa0GSxmS0uf xmaAmhSvJhSrsdKSuaz.aEGmifS'g.obm0taomif

    t&i f S tE W &m, f .z Hk . ? u Gy f p G O f .xmSa0 G .xmS0ufxmSaAmhSvJ h S jcL. _c D .tpGL.rs d K Sz H k .wJifobm0taomift&ifSuJ ki f jyifSxk dStD/obm0taomift&ifSa0G.0ufaAmhSvJhSvGOfStDe0fSoGL?

    xmSa0G.0ufaAmhSvJ hSr kSjcL._cD.tpGL.rs d KSz H k .e0 f S / trmSa0 G .tDtrmSuJ ki ftDe Dv k d So D ;ut0f.omwa&@S'g.wvDSzHk./eDvkdSoD;ut0f.oHGKSaqmif.'g.xDzH k./eDvkdSoD;ut0f.tHk'if.'g.

    [H.yx0D.zHk./eDvkdSoD;uqkd@S&Jkif'if.'g.[H.,m.[H.at.zHk.wGrf.tkdoOf[ef.vm.tapmhStvm.t&m.t'D.zH k.wJifqJkifSoGwfStusdKSoGKyfe0fSoJifScG d Kif;pm.Am.qmvGOf,if;eDvkdSoD;_cG d Kif.oefSa&Se0fSoGL?

    Desertification=('DowfxDzDau;oOf;)a jymi f SvJ ki f.xGmavGSuE Wm&[H.? uGy fp GO f .eDvkdSoD;zJhuJkif,m;vDxkdSwJifa'.oukdaoif.0g.

    xmSrGL;rsdKSzHk.oGKrfSuJkif_yJKifjyifStpGdK;oGwfSxkdS'sm.wzJhS/crf;avmhw0f;ncrf;ckd;crf;acgif.&m.oD.Owkvsm;uwpfSoJifwjcpfS'sm.wzJhS/rDSzHk.oGD.zHk.up'g.xmSrGL;ay.zHk.uJ kifvDoDoJiftpG dK;oGKwfSxkdS'sm.wzJhS/uGyfpGOf.up'g.tausmifSw&mSEJkif;,kdzHk.wJif[H.ck d.avmif;[H.at.[H.pD.[H.A J hSz H k .aohSoJif uJkifvDxkdSrm;vkd@xGLwJif[H.,m.zH k.xGmvGOfxmSw-uef.wsufSuE Wm&zH k.?qdk @SaomhSaoif.rGL;0g.rGL;&JkifaomhStkdoOf[ef.vm.t&m.t'D.zHk.vS'GKrfup'g.tusdKSoGKyfSuJkifzHk.

    xGmvGOfe0fSoGL?

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    10/16vdwfrJhig=10

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    orJi fSrOf.rm.w&G d K @ Sxk d Se0 fSvkdSrsdKSwrsdKSvGKrf;rJhem;uGifu,ftDvGOfS'g.oGL?orJifS

    rO f .wpGO f .p G d K@ S ar G ;r JO f .w0 f;e0 f S / xGmtD'g .xmSw,GdK@c&m./0gifvkdSrsdKSvifuJh&J@oGrfStD'g.wJifvkdSrsdKS*k%f.oduQm.xJhzGdK.tD'g.oGL?orJifSrOf.wrkd@warm0f;xkdSe0fS/vkdSrsdKSwrsdKSvGKrf;wrkd@warm0f;xkdSaEGmifStD'g.oGL? orJifS tpGdK;rOf.oGwfS0J kifSxkdSrm;xkdSe0fS/vkdSrs d KSwrsK dSvGKrf;tpGdK;oGwfSxkdSrm;xkdSaEGmifStD'g.oGL? orJifSu&kdSe0fSxGmoufao.om"ue0fSoGL?oufao.om"uu&kdSe0fS/xGmorJifStaxmuftxm;oHao.oufc H .e0 f SoGL?wGrf.vdwfvJkifSwGrf.tuQ&m.wGrf.terf;_cHKoufao.oufcH.om"uwOf.wOf.acGgifacGgifwJifrOf.,D;e,faEGmifSe0fS/orJifStrsdKSrJkifS0a,m0f;ygrJkifSvJhvGdKqefaEGmifSw0f;oGL? pG d K;c G d KS v kdSrs d KS t rsd KSrJ ki fSw&kdSw0f;p G d K ;c Gd K S&m.Z0if. p G d K ;c Gd K SorJi fSz H k .t0f.vG0ifSyigy&mSoGL? pG d K;c Gd KS&m.Z0if. p G d K;c G dKSorJifS,k dpGdK;cGd KStwm.ta&Swefig.oGL?b0ttHktt0f.uxif.xk duwOf.acG gi fvJO f ;' g.cr f;xDwGr f.vkdSrsdKSzHk./a0GSoD;vkdSrsdKSa0GSoD;pGdK;cG dKSuum.zswfvGOfAm.'g.b0wzlStxGmtuJkifzHk.,kd/trJOf.

    wGdKifSa0GSoD;vkdSrsdKStpGKyfpGKyf,HaoxGSvGOfSe0fS/wJrf;rJkifcgSwGrf.tuQ&m.aySvm.avmif;wJif/wpGKyfxGLwpGKyfoGOfoGKyfavGSawmawmaz.,if;a0GSoD;vkdSrsdKScGdKSoGKyfwomzHk.e0fSoGL? ref;crf;u&kdS'g.crf;xDukd/ut0f.tHkaomhS'g.vkdSrs d KSaygifSpGKrf.tukd/ytkd0f.u&kdS'g.vkdSrsdKSwrsdKSvJh/wOf.wOf.acGgifacGgifxif.xif.osmSosmSt0f.yg0if.aomhSe0fSoGL?pGdK;cGdKSorJifSwzlSajcmifSwvD;vGKrf;tukd/uGyfpGOf.cGJusKH.armhSwvl.vGOfAm.vkdSrsdKSvifzHk.vGOfapmumS

    wGdKufScS rmSaEGmifSrkStrsdKStrsdKSwJif/ ytdk0f.vkdSrsdKScrf;om;xDom;oD;zHk./wjzmScrf;wjzmSxD/wpufSwpJkifjzwfSjz,fvDvmxkdSAm.e0fSoGL? acwft_cGdKuf_cGdKufukd/ytkd0f.crf;ytkd0f.xDuuJkifvD_yJKifjyifSxkdSAm./ytkd0f.touf wokdSwGrf.oGD.xDuxJhoGKrfScGdK@&D.xkdSAm./ytkd0f.vrf;ytdk0f.'Hkaqmif.&yf&m.ar.uwif.ckd;vsrf.uGsrfSxkdSAm.up'g.txGmtuJkifZwfajcmifSzHk.,kd/ASwdGK.[ef.eDSwGrf.rJhxGm;wGrf.em;em.wGrf.oS&m.cH.pmSawGmhS/uxD.u[GKefucH.pmSAm._cGdKufcg.vJif.aygifSe0fSwGrf.plwGufAsm.vJhvkd@'g.'GKrf? uxGLxkdSvJOf;twdwfum.vukdeDytkd0f.vkdSrsdKSucGJusKH.armhwvl.vGOfAm.'g.ZmwfajcmifSta[m0ftuJkifzHk.w&kdSw0f;/[ef.eDSum.veDytkd0f.crf;xDwGrf.crf;om;vkdSxrfSomSoD;tavmif;

    uwG d K ;awifvGO f' g.e dufpufrmSaE Gmi fSr kSz H k .w & k d Sw 0f ; / e D y t k d 0 f ;cr f ;o m ;x Dom;o D ;, Huaoajzmi fv GO f Se0 f S / tr JO f .twG d Ki f S

    tarG;twdGKifSvkd.wJrf;uJpfScgSig.vkd.'if.aoSig.awmifSrJkifc&m.pGdK;cGdKSorJifSrwfwefSe0fSoGL? p G d K ;c G d K SoS"mwf & J ki f ;[e fvGO fa&S /p G d K;c G d KSoS"mwfvGL;wJifa&S/p G d K;c G d KSZm.wdoG D.Zm.w drme f . waoGmi f;x k d a&S/ p G d K ;c G d KSo D G .xDS&ufyJifSa&S/oS"mwfurOfEGdK@&JkifSwoGdK;'g.trs d K SomScr f;xDxifw&J ki fvGO fa&Sup'g.p G d K ;c G d K Sa&S&m.oS"mwf& Ji f Stm.z H k .,k d / t0f.p G d K;cG d KSorJifSukd vGL;z GmS rG HSpDxef./ p G Kr f;& G,f.xGwfSxef.vGOfwJif/pG d K;cG d KSvkdSrs d KScrf;xDa&S&JifStm.aqGmhSwvmtDwm.orJifS,kdxGmt"dutGwfS&GD;cif.rGOfe0fSoGL? pG d K;cG d KSorJifS,kd / a xmifigavGSxJif;tem.*wfpGdK;cG dKSwzlSwm. xGmpGdK;cG dKSar._cJyrm.e0fSoGL?ypPKy`ef.wGrf.tem.*wfum.vxGdK@Sqif w,f.qkd@SavGS crf;xDwm.xGLwum.w0f;/vkdSrsdKStHkxGdKif.waEGmif;aEGmifSavGStwm.xGmtDta&SwefoGOfcefSwm.e0fSoGL?twdwfum.vorJifSZwfajcmifSukduxGmAm.zkdvJOf;vJhaz.uxGmxJif;Am.rGKef;/pGdK;cG dKStwm.urm.Am.zkdvJOf;vJhaz.urm.xJi f ;Am.r G Ke f ;' G Kr fe0 fS /az.avGStD

    eDvkdSrsdKSowdSw&mSe0fSoGL?pGdK;cG dKStavmif;uxJhvifSvl;Am.zkdvJOf;'g.abS&ef.tE W&m,f.zHk./az.uxJhvifSvl;orf;xJif;Am.rGKef;'GKrfe0fSxGKrf.te,fS&Jurf;um.uG,f.avGSaEGmifStDe0fSoGL? pGdK;cG dKSvGpfxef.a&S& JkifwoGdK;rkSum.vwAm.vGKrf;ukd/pGdK;cG dKStwm.wokdStoufwGrf.oGD.xDuxJhoGKrfScGdK@&D.xkdS'g.pGdK;cGdKStm.Zm.eD.oD;wGrf.a0GSjzm;oD;&JkifSwoGdK;rkSawmifSrJkifc&m.orJifSZmwfajcmifSzHk.,kd/pGdK;cG dKSorJifSap;vm.ukd rOf.wt0f.uJkifaoScgSw0f;e0fS/ pGdK;cG dKSwm.

    a0GSjzm;oD;wokdSwGrf.oGD.xDu&D.Am.,kdqJkifScsmc G d K So G Ky fwomz H k . waoxGSvGO f Sw0 f ;wJi f / waotGOf.a&SvG0ifSzHk.oGL? eDpG d K;c G d KS e Dcrf;om;vk dSxrfSomSoD;erf;avmif;txsS'G d KuxJhvifSvl;'g.xmSww&mSw0f;rmSaEGmifSrkStpGdK;pGdK;zHk./&ef.ol.pGdKSu,m;uJkif 0g;xkdS'g. eDpG dK;cG d KS 'H kaqmif.&yf&m.zH k. /r G d K;p k d ;zgyefe Dp G d K;e Dc G d KSuyJif.qJif.cG Kr frmSqkd@S&JkifaomhS'g.oGdK@SvJkif;_cH,m.tavmif;wGrf .te,fSrsdKSpGKrf.wJifuvGOfxl.odrfSuvGOf,m;vDup'g.t,m;rsdKSzHk.,kd/wGrf.vdwfvJkifStuQ&m.wGrf.aySvm.awGmhS wOf.wOf.acG gi facG gif rOf.wwJrf;rJ kifcgSw0f;/pJif;pJ hao.csm.rOf.w'if.aoScgSw0f;ap;vm.AGmavmif;e0fS/oufao.oufuef.wt0f.uJkifw0f;wJif/uoGKrfSuJkifxkdSvJh

    oGKrfSuJkifajcifajcifxkdSaAmhSEJkif;e0fSvGKrfSoGL? urB m.avmif;uDut0f.'g.crf;xDt_zHK.rJkifSw&kdSw0f;/ pGdK;cG dKS vkdSrsdKStrsdKSrJkifSw&kdSw0f;tGOf.a&SarG;a0GSoD;pGdK;cGd KSorJifSe0fSoGL?a0GSoD;pGdK;cGdKSvGpfxef.a&S&JkifSwoGdK;rkSwGifS&Jkif;&Jkif;xifxifutGOfig'g.cGdKS&uftweftu,f.oD;zHk./pGdK;cG dKStwm. ta&Suwe far G ;ig . c G d K S &uftm.Zm.enf.yk*~dKvf.zHk./ a0GSoD; crf;om;xDom;pGKrf.jzmS,HaoigS/,Haz.ae;uxl.*k%f.aEGmifSe0fS0ifSw,f.cgSae;pGOf.t&kyfxkawmf.zHk.e0fSoGL?a0GSoD;tausmifSc&m.zH k. a0GSoD;&JkifSwoGdK;rkSorJifSwzlSajcmifSzHk.e0fS,kdS,kdSrmSrmStcdef.wa&GSw0f;crf;om;xDom;zHk.,Huapm.wem.aEGmifS,HxGm;xGKrf.axGaxmifaEGmifSe0fS0ifSrmScgSw,f.cgSae;wGr f.a0 GSoD;oSr Ji f SxGm;wG d Kuf(ordkif;jywkduf)zHk.e0fSoGL? eDvkdSrsdKStavmif;pGdK;cGdKSoSrJifSrwfwefStcefSu,kd ta&SwefarG;ig.xGLwum.w0f;crf;om;xDom;tcsifScsifSavGmif.Al.a&SwGrf.crf;om;xDom;oD;oS&ufcGdKS,HvGdKa&StwGufwm.xGmtac.c H .ci f.r GO f tGwfS&G D ;w Jif e Dytkd0 f .

    crf;om;xDom;zHk.,HaoavGSeDpGdK;cG dKSorJifSe0fSeDytdk0f.ynm.'g.om;wGrf;pGdK;cGdKStweftu,f.oD;zHk./txGL.twGKrfwAm.t0f.vkd.xGm;xGKrf.axGaxmif/t0f.vkd.apmf.wem./t0f.vdk.xGKrf.&GrfwJrf;xef./t0f.vdk.'if.cgSig.pGdK;cGdKSorJifSrwfwefSzHk.e0fSoGL? t0f.e0fSw&ef;xGLwJifwpGKyfxGLwpGKyfuvGL;zGmSvGOf'g.eDytkd0f.vkdSay.cGdKSoGKyfwomzHk./eDytkd0f.vJkif;vGKyfS_cHrmSpDyGmSuGKef.o,f.om;zHk./e Dytk d0 f .&[efSoHCm.wGr f.ausmifSom;z H k .

    um;ut0f./,HuaopGdK;cGdKS&JkifSwoGdK;rkSorJifSe0fS/wJrf;xGdK@SavGSae;pGOf.vdwfapmif.oGOfcefSwm.wJifaAGmifrJhaAGmifem;vkd.oGOfavGSaz.ig.vJOf;tausmifS'if.ysSe,fAm.oGL?

    vkd.tGOf.a&SwJrf;rJkifcgS pGdK;cGdKSorJifSwzlSajcmifSoxHGK.ay.=cGefAefcsm(vm-o*kwf/2011)

    ytkd0f.vGdKqefa&Stweftu,f.AkdvfcsefZHk

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    11/16vdwfrJhig=11

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    rGdK;zmeDygS/ydkckdydkrl.,HvufSvJOfvdrRm./xmS'g.ynm.wGrf.A[kokw,HaAGpGKrf./w,f.ay.cgcgif.,mSwpleDASwefxrf/crf;avmh,mckd;raoem./crf.,yfSyif.yefScGKrfrmSqdk@S&JkifxGL/axmufxrfS

    vGO fS az.tm.vGO fS y k dcd k y d krl .z Hk .wJi f rOf.,l.uOfSpmScsmrG d K;zmeDygSauSZlSw&mSaem0fSwefu,fSuaumifwefrsi fSr k dvf. /a0 GSoD;arwWm.w&mSaem0fStmydk.xJif;uxDwefork'N&m./wJufwGdKifS'g.'GKrfoGL? ,d kcgvJ h o GOfwefSum.v y dkck d y dkr l.,HpdkufSpJkif.Am./oS,HcsrfSom.twGufcrf;waeif.avvGKrf;upk&GrfaoS'g.&GOfAGmzHk.vJhaoavm.um.'GKr f /axmufxrfSul.nD.avGSvGOfSwJif /rGdK;zmuvdk@vGOf'g.&GOf,dkpGdK;cGdKSvkdSrsdKStwGufwm./

    wGrf.y d kc d ky d kr l.twGufwm.tusdKS,Hatm0f.aem0fS/w&efusKdSpmSavGSrS/oSudk,l.cH."dXmef.avGSEJkif;aem0fSoGL?aem0fSxGLwum.'GdKef;zl;ckd/zl;rl.oD;xmS'g.,HaAG/rJh,Hav/xmSao,HvJkif;wm./aEGmifS&mSerf;tm./&GOftm.pp&mS&mSuul.nD.vGOfS'g.aem0fSvJh/a0;ckda0;rl.oD;auSZlSw&mS/arwWm.w&mSaem0fSvGdKwJifrG d K;zmweftmig.aeaeaem0fSoGL? atm0f.oD.oJi f.xef.avGS nrdepf30&yf/wGdK.avGScef;oJkifSacg0fcg/wzlSwvD;vGKr f;/xmSatmifvH k;wl./y l.As K @ dxif.vifS/wosifSawm0f;wpdSp dS?& k dSp GO f.aySwm.,m.uwW&m.wzlSvG Kr f S / usr fSw&rfS jcKuf jcuf/osKwfosuf 'kuf'uf/ xGKrf;uD 0g;uDarmfawmfoJ ki fu,fvJ h / E J ki f ;p GO f .t_c G d Ki f ;tD.zsS /t&m.tD.vGwfS/oJ ki fu,fwqGd Ki fuDvuDvwJif/[GDanmifSwa&GmhS/uGKrf.aqGmhSigif;qmig.aem0fSrS/tGO f.a,efpuf tH kyqm;wJi f / xGm;xGm;'sm.oJkifu,fvGdK;aem0fSvJifSoSnifSae;pGOf.aem0fSoGL?armfawmfoJ ki fu,f,d ktouf/tpltcgi f. /xmSao^m%f. rO f .atm0 f .E J k i f ;v k d SwJw J h

    wzlSE J ki f;,k daem0fSwwef.awm0f;wGrf.e DS/wavGS'gif.oGdK;awm0f;tvGdK;&tD.cGef;xGrf pGOf.vkdSEJkif;aem0fSoGL? tHkyqm;navGS15rdepf/rdepf20&yf/oJkifu,fpufuxif.&cGS/[GDanmifSigif;qmig.

    wJiftH kxG d Ki f.Asm.igif;a'if& Gy f& Gy f&yf&yfxGL/xi f .aE G mi f So GO fwe f Sta&S wz l Swc J k i f .oGKwfSawm0f;wJifxGKrf;oJkifu,foGKyfigavGS,if;/

    axmifavGS'i f .,if ;aySwm.,m.' kuf'ufvHk;jcKufjcufwzlSwJif/zsufum.avGS'HkaumifoG HqD(vG,foHodyfS)/Aef;a,ef./aemifA GOf /zGOfigavGSerf;ckwfxGL/ azsmfwGdK.cef;a0ifS[dkyH kScg/tHkyqm;cef;umS*dwfxsSwqif.ay.oGL?tGOf.tHkarmfawmfoJkifu,fumS*dwfxsSygSqJif.wqJif.qSigxGL/oGOfwefSudkwJrf;rJkiftDwm.EGdK@igowkd;(Store)qJif.wJifajzScef;vdwftkyfajcifwGrf.uHwmwpHk.ay.aem0fSoGL? ajzSw_cdKSuxif.xGL_zD.pD.cg/orf;rOf

    p GO f Sy gaqmi f ; txGL .tz G Dwqi f .ay.w Ji f /axmifavGSumS*dwfqScsm/rJ h _zHK.vJhxGm;csmx Gm ;i g / x G Kr f .x Gm ;aw h Sce f ; wa&.t de f .u&atm0f.&mSt&yfcg/EG d K@igavGSygSvrf;uGifSwAm.ud kaw Gm h S / & Dce f ;y g St&G, f . 45 &y f /atm0f.aAif.wvGmSxmS/cH k.wvGmSavmif;tvrf;qSigaem0fSoGL?wGrf.ref;bm.om.wJif t dr fo mc% w u fv k d @ & r v m;O D ; av ;acGoGOf;&DavGScef;EJk if;aem0fSxGL/ygSt&G,f.45&yfaem0fSvJhaig0f;wrJkifSrJ kifSa'g hScsmawm0f;/

    ikdufSvifSaAmhStuSwl.wvJif.awGmhS/t"dyg,f.aem0fSvS'sm.acGoGOf.aoem.EJkif;aem0fSwJif/EGdK@igavGScef;'sm.pGOfStxGL.tzGDcefS(wa&.tdef.)ukdaem0fSoGL? uGy fy G d K ;wrJ ki f S a cGoGO f ;ar Gm h& DAm.pGOf.ref;bm.om.eJu&d kSaem0fS/ygSt&G,f.45&yfaem0fSaem0fSorf;qGygwGrf.rJ href.wefwuif;uJh/yg0g (Power) 500&yf/atm0f.tHkwvGmSxGm;vdwf/vdwfwJhorf;xGmvdwfytkd0f.w a r G; a w m 0f ; / u G O f ws K d . u S q Ji f S A Gm /trJhigvGdK;iJ kifSvJh ytdk0f.vGdK;yHk.orf;ayg.awm0f;/

    rOf.xGm;tvrf;vJhorf;wAdGKefyDawm0f;ytdk0f.vrf;/vkdSay.t&G,f.9=10=11aeif .&yfoGHjzmSvpfSjzmSuatm0f.tH kvGLS/cG Kr fyqd k;'g.xmSa0GSvrf;0GdKifSudkaem0fSvJhorf;wa'ghSawm0f;ytkd0f.aig0 f ;pwGr f .tausmi f Sc&m.E J ki f ;aem0 f Sz H k .

    w Ji f ac Go GO f ;v J h w Gr f .u' g . wa -umh Sw}uJ@ScgSref;aig0f;eDoHGiGgwJif&DavGSAm.wGrf.ref;bm.om;aig0f;iGgaem0fSoGL?

    txGL.tzG Dudp PxGL / a AGmi fwcgSi G g /auSZ l Swi f .i g .tausmi f S / 0w W&mStvSa'ghSaig0f;auSZlSwif.xGLwJif/pa&.xef.avGSvGKrfS20usyfay;tH k;nDav;wxif;awm0f;/waumhSarmifSawm0f;wpdSpdS/uxif.uGDvGOfEJkif;aem0fScg/atm,kdwJwJhwa&.tdef.cStausmifSoSaz:SaAGmifEJkif;aem0fSwJif/ acGoGOf;vJh ax&GOf20AD./az.a0GSxGL xef.avGScef;'sm.aem0fSoGL?acwfum.v,dkcg&GOf[m;awmif.(20)AD.aem0fSwrJkifSrJkifSarG;awm0f;/tmig.wJhwarG;awm0f;oGL?

    uG,f.awGmhSwxif.awm0f;[email protected];tidkSvJhorf;vk d @Am.wJif /acGoGOf;vJ htH.jzm.vJifSvk d @aEGmifS'GKrf?rOf.EJkif;eDvkdSrsdKScsifScsifSjcmaem0fS/avGSrJkifSudkw&kdSawm0f;/wGdK.pGOf.&yfrJkifS'HkrJkifSw&dkS

    awm0f;/'JOfzHk.xDzHk./cgif.vrf;aAif.cgif.vrf;w,fSzHk./tH.rAm.awm0f;eef;cDc&m.wvkd.awm0f;oGL?uG,f.awGmhS,dkcgaem0fS/uGyfeDpGdK;cGdKSvkdSrsdKSoGD.,m.vrf;arG;awm0f;wJif/pGOfScGOf.ay.cGOf.wefvJhaz.Am.tidkS/pGOfSAm.ajcifawm0f;u&dkSaem0fS/aoem.pJif;p J hvGOfAm.EJ ki f;aem0fSwJif / acGoGOf;twm.xGmA[kokwwAm.ay.aeaeoGL?

    crf;ausmufSwefSaem0fS / atm0f.aomhSa0ifSe,f.[dkyHkStausmifSaocgStusrfSEJkif;a e m 0 f S oG L ? u G , f . aw G m h S / o r f ; w wG d K .Am.zkdawm0f;'GdKef;/xGmt&D;oGKwfSwzlSoGLwum.awm0 f ; / atm0 f .[d ky H k S utD.xe f.avGS' g .wz lStvD;aem0 f S or f ;waoawm0 f ;wJi f /wzlSavGSausmufwefSaem0fStvD;rJkifStausmifS/av G S& D cef ; y g St& G,f . 40 & y f/ atm0f .t H kvi f Say GmumS xmSwG dK ;avmi f; aoi f .r GL;qSvaem0fSoGL?ygSaem0fSvJ hoGO fwefS

    [ef.aeif.atm0f.ausmufwefSu&d kSaem0fSatm0f.aoaoScgSwJi f / ac GoGO f ;vJ h wGr f.w_cdKSwavifSyHk.zHk.orf;yg/acGoGOf;tD.avGSxif.

    xGmaEGmifSq&m.vdwfytdk0f.A[kd.oGOfwefStrJkif(20)awmifSrJkifc&m.erf;a&SrwfwefS(tuGdK@S=2)

    xGm;oGKyf,if;aoGmhvdwfrJhig=13

    oxGKH.ay.=cGefAefcsm

    a0ifSe,f.oD.oJif./oJkifSacg0f/2010Am./A[kd.oGOfwefStrJkif26/ausmifSom;ckdrl.pGdKStHk&JOf.vkd@0ifSyGHK.

    a0ifSe,f.oD.oJif./oJkifSacg0f/2010Am./A[kd.oGOfwefStrJkif26/az.tyfqkStcefStemS

    2007Am./A[kd.oGOfwefStrJkif23/yG,fSvifSausmifSxmSusL.ya'.om.

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    12/16vdwfrJhig=12

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    aoif.0g.rDSoGD.xmStD.rGL;rs dKSwGrf.aoif.wjcmzHk.e0fS/eDurBm.[H.wefyx0D.wGrf.owW0g.zHk.,Hu_cGdKif.oefStD ,Huwa&Som.,m.tDtwm.xGmt"dutwefoGwfS tausmifSw&mSwAm.e0fSoGL?aoif.0g. r DS oD G. xmStD.rGL;wGrf.aoif.wjcmzHk.rOf.tJOfx0f;e0fS/eDvkdSoD;wGrf.toufom;owW0g.tavmif.tvifzHk./toufwtD.rGefaEGmifSw0f;wtD.tHkxGdKif.aEGmifSw0f;e0fSoGL?uGyfe0fSrSwJifurBm.avmif.owW0g.rs d KSp G Kr f.oufrGe ftH kxG d Ki f.aEGmifSa&StwGufaoif.0g.rDSoGD.up'g.trGL;rsdKSwGrf.aoif.wjcmzHk.t0f.w0f;wvSw0f;oGL?

    aoif.0g.rDSoGD.zHk.e0fStpkdufStGSqGKrf.twa&@Sxl.qG Kr f .e Dvk d SoD;uzefqifSxef.'g.wGr f.obm0tvSuxef.vGO f' g.tvl;rs d K SwGr f.

    "mwfwtGdKuJkifrsdKSzHk.xGLwum.w0f;/tyomxef.csmtzefqifSxef.csmaz.,if;eDvkdSoD;wGrf.o u f o m ;o w W 0 g .u m ; u t 0 f. o u f r G eftH kwJi faEGmi fSa&Swm. ut0f.omwa&@S'g.(Oxygen)atmufoD*sifwvDSzHk.e0fSoGL?

    wvDSu&kdSe0fSwvDS[0fwvDSuJkift0f.eDrsdKSeDpm;e0fSoGL?eDvkdSoD;wGrf.oufom;owW0g.zHk.ut0f.omwa&@SEGdK@'g.wvDSe0fSxGmwvDS[0fe0 fSoGL?e Dvk d SoD;wGr f.oufom;owW0g.z H k .

    uomxef.csm'g.wvDSe0fSxGmwvDSuJkife0fSoGL?xJif;,if;wrsdKSe0fSt0f.aoif.0g.aoifyH kSpkpdzHk.uxef.vGOf'g.tvGD;wtGd Kz H k . /vJ hSA H k"mwfxDvHk;oGm.aoif.0g.awGmhSuxef.vGOf'g.tvl;zHk.e0fStxGmxkdSwvDSuJkifzH k.oGL?wvDSuJkifzH k.

    e0fSeDvkdSoD;wGrf.owW0g.zHk.rOf.omwa&@SAm.tme0fSxGmvGOftDa&m*g.a0.'em.zHk.oGL?aoif.0g.rDS oGD.xmSrGL;rsdKSzHk.e0fS tpkdufSxl.qGKrf.wvDSuJkife0fSpm;zHk.xGLawGmhS/tomxef.az.csmwvDS[0fzHk.wJiftoufom;owW0g.um;ut0f.twGufwm.ta&SwefarG;ig.oGL?

    aoif.0g.rDSoGD.xmSrGL;rs dKSpGKrf.wGrf.aoif.wjcmzHk.e0fStrmSpGLtrmSa-umif;az.eDvkdSwGrf.owW0g.taygi fSoD;uoH kSaqmif.'g.xDz H k .xGLwumw0f;/xDaemifxDwGdKifSxDajcmif/xDyHkS[H.apm0f.zH k. az.uaohSoJifxkdSrGKef;e0fSwGrf.a0GSoD;t&GD;tckd.wGrf.a0GSoD;tyiftvm.wGrf.a0GSoD;ta[hSta,mifSzH k./t0f.&JxdefSt0f.um.uG,f.t0f.axmufurf;avGSaz.e0fSoGL?a0GSoD;rOf.t0f.e0fSxDzHk.xGwfSvDvmxkdSAm.

    w0f;wJif xD"mwfzHk.[0ftDe0fSoGL?aoif.wjcmrDSoGD. trGL;rsdKSpGKrf.zHk.e0fS/ wGrf.a0GSoD; t&GD;zHk.trGL;zH k.tyiftaxmifSzH k.awGmhS/txGdK@Sigif.&Jurf;cg[H.at.zHk.[H.ckd.zHk.wJif/crf;rOf.avmhxDrOf.xGwfScg/tDxGwfStDjcGOf.xkdS[H.at.zHk.vSw0f;wJif[H.oGLS[H.jyifSAm.w0f;[H.zif.zHk.uJkifSvDAm.w0f;e0fSoGL?xDaemifxDtGdKufSxDwGdKifSukdzHk.vJh/xDweJif;xDxGwfSzHk.tDjcGOf.tDxGwfSvifSaomhS[H.at.[H.psSzHk.vSw0f;wJifxDaemifxDwGdKifSzHk.vJhtuifzGdK.xkdSAm.w0f;/xDaemifzHk.aohSoJifxkdSAm.

    w0f;wJifzkd;yem;wd&dp>mef.zHk.tHkuGL.tH.tGSwm.xDajcmxkdSAm.w0f;oGL?

    aoif.0g.rDSoGD.zHk.ut0f.'g.xDajcmifarmif;a&mifStxsStaomifzHk./ut0f.'g.xDyHkS[H.apm0f.

    avmif ;z H k .e0 f Sta&Swefi g .oGL?uGy fp GO f .a 0 G S o D; t & G D ; t ck d . t y i f t a xm i f S z H k .

    t0f.& Jurf;xG d K @Sxde fScgS[H.at.[H.,m.zH k.wJifxDtjcGOf.xkdSvSw0f;oGL?ajcmifzif.zH k.oGLSjyifSxkdSvSw0f;oGL?uGyfpGOf.oGD.rDSaoif.t&GD;zHk.pdkufSxl.cgS&JxdefScgSxDwJifxDuwl.yHkSapm0f.zHk.aohSoJifxkdSvSw0f;e0fSoGL?crf;wefrOf.avmhcguGyfpOf.xmSrGL;zHk.t0f.&Jurf;cgSawGmhScrf;&m.zHk.vifSAm.pGOf.oGL;w0f;[H.ckd.[H.,m.wJif/[H.ckd.[H.at.zHk._yJKifjyifSxkdSAm.w0f;oGL?

    zdk;yem;,l;0g;/aoqif,kd@csm./cDcsKd@Sau

    xrfup'g.xmSom;& G d Ki f SxmSom;wjcmwd&dp >mef.taygifSz H k.e0fS/t"dutHkuGL.tH kc k d .avGSxGKrf.tH.xGKrf.tGSavGSaoif.wjcmukdwJif/a0GSoD;twGufwm.aoif.0g.rDSoDG.wjcmzHk./t0f.w0f;vw0f;oGL?aoif.0g.wjcmwGrf.rDSoGD.xmSrGL;rs dKSpGKrf.zH k.e0fS xGma0GSoD; xGKrf.v,f.avmftH.tGSwm.tqm.w-uufS/wGrf.tHkuGL.avGSoJifScsmigwm.cif.vrf;tHkw-uufSe0fSoGL?uGyfe0 fSrS aoif.wjcm wGrf. r DSoG D .z Hk . rOf.uJkifSvDvGOfrOf.aqhSajcmvGOfe0fS/xmSom;wjcmxmSom;&G d KifSzH k.twm./b0oufrGeftHkt0f.

    tH.tGSwm.zHk.,yfScJkif.vGOfwJifoDrm;xkdSvkd@/_cJKif;ajymifSxkdSvkd@wJifxmSom;wjcmxmSom;rDSzHk.tpGdK;oGwfStpGdK;jzefxkdSAm.e0fSoGL?

    ukS,mvGKrfSvmStDeDvkdSoD;wGrf.wd&dp>mef.zH k.xmSqma&m.*g.a0G.'em.twm.eDvkdSoD;urmS'g.uzefqifS'g.woD.wrGL;zHk.um;ut0f.e0fS/t0f.'sm.rDSoGD.aoif.0g.wjcmukdxef.vGOfvGOf;vGOf;e0fSoGL?ody` H.woD.q&m.oD;urmSxef.vGOf'g.woD.acwfwomtrsdKSrsdKSzHk.

    w&kdSw0f;/rGdK;pkd;zmyefuusifSoHkSvGOf'g.,kdS,m.woD.ydaE WmfSzHk.w&kdSw0f;/aoif.wjcmrDSoGD.zHk.zefqifSvGOfaz.'sm.e0fSoGL?e0fSxGLrum.pGKrf.eDSeDvkdSoD;ut0f.cGKrfpH.oHkSaqmif.'g.vrf;ukdw_cdKStoHkStaqmif.zHk./cGrfSvmStuGOftuSzHk./t'Hk.

    eifSprf.yg.=oxGHK.ay./oD.oJif.

    rJkif;aumifa'.o/'Hkerf;[lSxsS/vJkif;uGufSwGrf.aumifaqmif.vGdK;iJkifSyHGK.

    v J k i f ; o m ; w j z m S t 0 f . t G O f . v l ; t z k d ; y e m ; x Dprf.zufSajcmifukdyGHK.

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    13/16vdwfrJhig=13

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    oGKyfoG,[email protected]://pa-oh-newdawn.blogspot.com

    oxGKH.ay.=cGefAefcsm

    oGO fwe f S's m .&i f S u& k d S aem0f S / tvG d K ;&atm0f.& dwfac.vSacGoGO f ;E J ki f ;aem0 fSwJi f / emSt D .av G Sxi f .o GO fwe f Se J @, d k[ GO f . &DvGOfcef; acGoGOf;E J ki f;aem0fSwJif / acGoGOf;vJ har G;' sm.tausmifS jye f.csmE J ki f ;aem0 fSoGL?ygSaem0fSvJhwGrf.oSqGmSqGmSwm.0ef.au.au.

    wJifwzlSavGSausmufwefSaem0fStvD;,d ktvD;aem0fS/ayg.wGdK.aem0fSudkvJhauG@SavGS,kd/ayg.wGdK.aem0fSukdvJhauG@SavGSaem0fS/axmifavGSaem0fStwGdKifSaem0fSrm.c&m.wtJOfaxm0f;/up'g.wGrf.plwGrf.cgif.a'ghSe,fosifSe,fao.acgif;ao.csm.EJkif;aem0fSxGLwJif/acGoGOf;vJh auSZlSwif.ig.tausmifSigvJhwefa'ghSawm0f;'GdKef;/a0GSuayGm' g .umStqG d Ki f Saem0 f S / E d k StpuftD .xe f .avGSoGLwJifeJpfavm.avGSxGKrf;cef;'sm.tumSwJifxef.avGSxkdScef;'sm.aem0fSoGL?

    ygSaem0fSaem0fSuGyfyGdK;wrJkifSacGoGOf;

    arGmh&Dytkd0f.Am.ae;wdGK.eJu&dkSaem0fS/a0GSaem0fSorf;cl;wGrf.uwl.ayguf/qJifwGrf.ytdk0f.,kdS,m.awmif;yGdKvm;wEsm./tudkzJhSaem0fSuSqJifSAGm/u GO fuSygq Ji f Sajzi f ; u GO f Sa jzi f ; ao Gem; /xGm;tvGdK;iJ kifSvJhorf;AG dKefyDytkd0f.xGLwum.awm0f;/a'ghSajzm0f.ytkd0f.aig0f;vJhajzGmif._zD.wJyfwJharG;ig.wJif/a0GS,kdxGmytkd0f.wjzmStausmifS/

    xif.xif.osmSosmSuaopJif;aEGmifStD'g.(National Identity)u&dkS'g./uGyfpGOf.ytkd0f.trsdKSomSoauFwtrwfvuQ%[email protected];aem0fSwJif/csSoSa'ghS&Dytkd0f.Am.ae;aem0fSoGL?aem0fSxGLwum.awm0f;ytkd0f.bm.om./ytkd0f.aig0f;,m.aem0fSacGoGOf;twm.xGmtqif.ajy.oGKwfS/a'ghSwGdGKifSvS&dkSwGdKifSajzmif/ajzmif;ajyajzS_zD.tDwJifrOf.a'ghS&DwGrf.ytkd0f.aig0 f ;vJ h / tm.&wG d K .oSr k Satm0 f .& d k SAm.EJkif;aem0fSoGL?

    tD.xef.avGSAm.wzlStvD;rJkifSuxif.

    ttlud&d,m.zH k. /uw,f.qd k @StD'g.vrf;yg.wGrf.taqmuftOD.t_cGdKif;t_cdKSzHk.vJhaoif.0g.rDSoGD.zHk.zefqifSxef.vGOfaz.vkd@vkd@'sm.wJif/aoif.0g.wjcmzHk.rOf.tJOfx0f;e0fSeDvkdSoD;wm.t,yfStcJ ki f .tD.t0f.wcG d Ki f .r J ki f Su&k d Se0 fSuOfSpmSvG'sm.aoGmh0ifS?

    urBm.avmif;vkdSjzmSaygifSoef;aygifSEGwfSa&if(7000)b0oufrGeftHkwJifaEGmifSa&Sut0f.tHkaemifavGS'g.ttH.ttGStqm.t[m.&zHk.,kd/t0f.w0f;vSw0f;oGL?oufrGeftHkxGdKif.avGSwm.ut0f.axxef.az.'g.tqm.t[m.&rsdKSpGKrf.um;ut0f.zHk.,kd/eDvdkSoD;uqkd@S&Jkif'g.trGL;rsdKSzHk.wGrf.obm0ua'g hSxef.vGOf'g.trGL;rs d KSz H k . /up'g.t0f.xmSrGL;rs d KSp G Kr f.z H k .zefqifSxef.az.axxef.vGOfaz.'sm.uOf;tmtme0fSoGL?eDvkdSoD;uqkd@S&Jkif'g.acghc,f.(ajymif .)/AGL/aEG./Am./ cJOf. cH kS qsm. tapmhStvm. t&m.t'D.

    up'g.xmStH.xmStGStrGL;rsdKSzHk.um;ut0f.vJ h /y G d Ki f;vJif.y G d Ki f;&if;cgobm0w&mStvSa'ghSjzGOfxef.'sm.aeaee0fSoGL?trGL;rsdKSe0fSpm;zHk.e0fSaoif.0g.r DSoG D.r GL;wGrf.obm0aoif.wjcmzHk.uzefqifSvGOfurmSxGmvGOfaz.'g.[H.pD.[H.AJhS[H.at.zHk.rOf.t0f.w0f;cg/qkd@S&JkifpGOf.vJhwa'ghSxef.vGOfw0f;e0fSoGL?

    e0fSxGLwum.w0f;/zkd;yem;axmhSqsmup'g.xmSom;rs d K Swd& dp >me f.oD;z H k .um;ut0f./

    oufr Ge ftH kw Ji faE Gmi f Swm.oH k Saqmif StH.tGSavGSAm.aoif.0g.rDSoGD.up'g.tapmhStvm.xmSrGL;rs d KSz H k .oGL?t0f.e0fSw&ef;xGLawGmhS

    eDvkdSoD;erf;oS_cGdKif.oefStDtwm.uvkd.tH.tGS'g.t[m.&ukdt,m.rsdKSzHk.,kd/vSaEGmifS'sm.zkd;yem;axmhSqsmpwJifwd&dp>mef.e0fSzHk.tavmif;e0fSoGL?eDvkdSoD;_cd G Kif.oefSaqGmhSwvmtDwm.wGrf.tqm.t[m.&wm.tHkaemifavGSwd&dp>mef.xmSaomifSxmSom;e0fSzHk.tavmif;wJif/rDSoGD.aoif.0g.wjcmzH k. uJkifjyifSawGmhS xmSaomifS

    xmSom;zH k . ui f Sa jcmvGO fcg / q J ki f SoGw f SAm.qmvGOfeDvkdSoD;t[m.&puf0GdKifSe0fSoGL?

    Owk&m.oD.tHkuGL.vGOfSaoif.wjcmu&kdS'g.aig0f;,kdtwGdKifS/aoif.0g.rDSoGD.wjcmzHk.rOf.vGdKif.uGKefSwefwvmvJh&m.oD.OwktcGStvsm;zHk.rJOf.nD.vGOfe0fSoGL?oGrf.oOfoOfaumifaqmif.aoif.0g.trGL;rsdKSzHk.,kdcsKyf xdefSavGSaEGmifStD&m.oD.Owktvsm;"mwftcGS"mwfxGLwum.w0f;/tum.uG,f.avGSaEGmifStDcrf;acgif.tE W&m,f.e0fSoGL?crf;avmhw0f;crf;acgif.oJifwjcpfS

    xmSvsm;vGOfSup'g.&m.oD.ajymifSvJkif.rkSzHk.e0fSuGyf,m.uJkifcGjym.tmaoif.wjcmawGmhSxGmvGOfAm.oGL?

    aoif.0g.rDSoGD./oGrf.oGrf.csdKcsKdaumifaqmif.aoif.wjcm/wGrf.xmSom;&GdKifSxmSom;wjcmtay gi f SzH k .e0 f S taz.aE Gmi f St D e Dv k d SoD ;xmSom.,m.r k S / oSc sr fSom.r k S/ o G Ke f .oSp k Hc G Sa&mif;&sL.r kSwGr f.xmSaysm f.oGi f.rGef;oGdKSrkSzHk.e0fSoGL?ASwGdK.[ef.eDSum.v,kd/

    eDvkdSoD;oSrOf.&G d K;AG d K.pef;[GKefStefSvGOfoGLa0ifSuk dtaqmuftOD.wGrf.pufaig0 f;z H k .cg /oSAG d K.,HqG d K;xmS&G d K;,Haom0fStDe0fS/ajz.

    oSapvDtD xmSA G d K .te f Sr k Stae.awGm h S /uJkif;axmifv,f.xGKrf.xGm;vGaumifaqmif.aoif.wjcmxmSobm0w&mSzHk.e0fSoGL?

    rDSoGD.aoif.0g.wjcmaumifaqmif.up'g.trGL;rs d K Sz H k. / xmSom;a,ef. xmSom;&G d Ki f Sup'g.wd&dp>mef.taygifSzH k.wGrf.eDvdkSoD;zH k /

    um;ut0f. wrs d K SwGr f .wrs d K S wp G d K ;w Gr f .wpG d K ; oufr Ge ftH kwJi faE Gmi fSa&S/ wzJ h SwGr f.wzJhSt0f.tHkuGL.tHkaemifcsmigvkd@0ifSwJif/wpG d K;p G d K;rOf._y J Ki f jyifSuJ ki fvDxk dScgtcG d Ki f;pm.A m . q m a v G Sa w m a w m t v i f w r s d K Se0fSoGL? e0fSrSwJifurBm.[H.wefyx0D. _cG d Kif.oefSaqGmhSwvmwa&SoGrf.oOfavGSwm./aoif.0g.r DSoG D.xmStD.rGL;rs d KSp G Kr f.wGrf.aumifaqmif.aoif.wjcmzHk.vJht0f.axif;xrf.avGSta&SwefuwAm.e0fSoGL?

    eifSprf.yg.oxGKH.ay./oD.oJif.

    aopJif;cg/oSvJhcGSzvJOf;?'JifplxGm;em;&D.tcdef.vJh11em;&D.ptD.cG,fS/rGL;ygif.xkdt&yfvGKrfS?aygif;atm0f.apm0f;aeuaem0fSrS/uD.cwfSuGH.[G D,Hajy./tH kvifSyqm;um*dwfxsSaoif.rGL;qSvxGL/wzlSaySwm.,m.tac.ae.uaz.vGOf'g.twGd Ki fS/w,f.oD.oJif.ASwG d K.[d ky H k S /oJkifu,fwqGdKifwzlSwvD;vGKrf;vGKrf;wJif/[dk@Sudk

    uoGifScg'g.t[m.&zHk./tqm.a-u.rGKdifig.raumif/vJOf;avGSrJkifSudkcdSvJhao'GKrf?aem0fSrSacGoGOf;zl;rl.ay.aem0fSvJh/t[dk@Scdk;vJOf;'JOfaeaeraumif;/oSudk,l.EJkif;aem0fSawGmhSa&.avGSajzStH.'JOfvJh/a0GSrl.ay.orf;&d kS'sm.[[email protected] d;awm0f;wJif/t H . x G m a wm 0 f ; ? o G O f w ef S t w G u fw m .oGKyfigavGScef;'sm./ygSytkd0f.t&G,f.40&yf/ua'ghSe,f'g.wzlStvD;aem0fStwGdKifSoGL?

    vdwfrJhig=11toGKyf

    ytdk0f.a'.oukdoGdK@S_cHvJkif;,m.wGrf.aumifaqmif.vGdK;iJkifSyGHK.

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    14/16vdwfrJhig=14

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    aeif.1996Am.e0fSurBm.avmif;,dkcdGKif;0dGK@wGrf.'dGK.,mAGmxmSrmSe0fS/rOfSuausm.xif.osmSarG;ig.cGefomu&dkS'g.,mAGmcGefwef,dkcsSvJOf;oGLvufeuf ref;pJhStpdk;&xs &dkSpGOf.vJh/ajzm0fScrf;e,f.udk,mvHqdGK@&Jkifa&SxmSrmSe0fSwxdkSrm;w0f; t0f.avGSae'GK de f;u e0fSoGL?yd G Kif;vJif.cgcrf;&ifSom;vdkSrsK dSay.zH k.,Sxl.wGr f .p l Sc G Kr fvufeufawGm h Sut0f.awm.vef.csm'g.ref;pJhStpdk.&zHk.e0fS/a0GSoD;ut0f.xdefScsKyfcgS'g.[H.e,f.tukd/a0GSoD;wtGOf.p Gc Gi faz.w0f;,mvHqd G K @ S& J ki fa&SxmSrmSz H k .e0fSoGL?uG,f.awGmhScrf;&ifSom;vdkSrsK dSay.pJ hSwyfp d G KSz H k .wGrf.ref;p J h Stpd k;&e0w/etzoD;/rmSavGStwdG KufStcStH kyqm.a&SxGLqJkifS0JkifSum.ve0fS/crf;&ifSom;vdkSrsKdSay.pJhSwyfzHk.uxdefScsKyfcgS'g.[H.e,f.avmif;e0fS/,mrGL;zHk.xdGKif.waEGmif;vGOfpGOf.wvJif.csif.oGL?cifcrf;e,f./csifScrf;e,f./&cJif.crf;e,f./rauG;wGdKif./yudkSwGdKif./ajzm0fScrf;e,f.tacg0fe0f/ytdk0f.a'.oudkzHk.e0fS/ydGKif;vJif.cgw[dGKefzdkw0f;vGKyfSrmSqdGK@S&Jkif,mvH

    xmSrmSzH k.e0fSoGL?uxdG Ki f.wd G K.vGOf1991Am.aeif.ASwd G K.avGS2010Am.aeif.e0w/etztpdk.&acwfukde0fSref;crf;wcrf;vGKrf;pGpfSpGpfSpJpfSpJpfS/tGOfvdk@0ifSvGKyfSrmSvG,mvHzHk.awGmhS/vGL;tDvGerf;urf;tDvGoufzHk.e0fSoGL?

    eDytdk0f.a'.oajzm0fScrf;e,f.tacg0fe0fudke0fS/w,f.pGOf.aeif.1991Am.&yfukdrmSvGOf,dke0fS/,mvHazifSzifSqdGK@S&J kifa&SxmSrmS,dk/vdGKif.uG Ke f SvGO fp GO f .weDSwpdSp dSe0 fSoGL?urBm.

    Oya'.tvSvJhoif/ crf;xDEd kif.iH.Oya'.tvSvJ hoi f wtGO f .p G Sc Gi f Sw0 f ; / Oya'.tvSut0f.&JayhScgS'g.,mvHqdGK@S&Jkifa&SxmSrmSrsKdS,dke0fS/xdGKif.waEGmif;apGmhSvdGKif.uGKefSaomhSvGOfpGOf.eDytdk0f.&yf&m.ukde0fS/ydGK;wrJkifSa[mif;u&dkSe0fS

    vdk.,l.uOfSpmSvG0ifSzHk.e0fSoGL?uvJOf;cdk.csmr[mrpm.e0fS/ytdk0f.vdkSrsKdSwGrf.,mvHoD;rsKdS,dk/aAmhSoSwJhSoDG.Am.zdkaevkd@0ifSa[mif;u&dkSe0fSrO f .x G Kr f .xGm;aomufc smAm. twdw fv D SwzlSajcmifSe0fSwt0f.zdkw0f;oGL?e0fSxGLrum.,mvHrsKdS,dkytdk0f.crf;om;,if/ygwGrf.&[efSosif.vdkSausmifSoD;zH k.,if/qGefS0ifSplawGmhSwd G Ku f SuJ ki fAm.z d ke0 f Sor Ji f Sud k wOf .wOf .acG gi facG gi fwJrf;r J ki fScgSt0f.e0fSoGL?ytd k0 f.uvGKy fSrmSAm.,mvH,d k / tAOf.ASud ke0 fSygSt0f.qifcgSwcGgEJkif;rJkifS/ygSt0f.cGKrfyqdk;cgStDcrf;xDa&SEJkif;rJkifSu&dkSe0fS&Grf_zJKifS,kdwyk'ftudGK@S(2wGrf.3)udk/t0f._cJKif;e,fcgSxGLvJOf;e0fSoGL?

    vG Ky f SrmS,mvHcGi f Sxd G Ki f .vSwJi f / e Dytd k0 f .cr f;om;oD;vd k Stzl.tAl.tud ke0 fS /tcde f.a'Ggif.a'Ggif.tudk[dk @Say.twm.tH.tGSc&m.ys\em.,dkajz.osifSaz.aEGmifStDarG;ig.&dkSpGOf.vJh/uGyfpGOf.,mvHpD.vdGKif.uGKefSvGOfwJif/a'.oudkoSxGL.c&m.vdkStHkt0f.a&Sys\em.,dk/t0f.

    wGdK;awif'if.vl;eDytdk0f.crf;om;oD;ajyifavmif;uDe0fSoGL?rOf.rOfvGKyfSrmS,mvHe0fSodGK@S&D.[H.,m.t0f.Am.xGLrum.odGK@S&D.e0fSzHk.e0fS/,Haz.ut0f.nmSAm.umSwzlSwefzHk./woHSxDvJh'GKefxGLawGmhSaz.uxGmAm.'sm.wvDSxGm.uoef'g.cif.vrf;ar G;w0f;E J ki f ;e0 fSoGL?ytd k0 f .a'.oud k,mvH_cHzHk.e0fS/uOf;tmtmt0f.'sm.aumifzJkif;aumifajcmif.jcmawGmhS/t0f.nmS'sm.'Hkaqmif.zHk.wJif/ayg.vdGKoGL_cHaAG.om;wGrf.xmSrmSom;vdkSpif;zHk.e0fS/vdkSvifvdkSwoOfzHk./utD.wdGK.

    vGOfSAm.e0fS,dkSw0f;e0fSoGL?

    e0fSrSwJifvd kSuvGKy fSrmS'g.,mvHzH k.e0fS/avGSoJifScsmigum.tmAm.ig.aumifaqmif.zHk.e0fSrS/erf;cE

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    15/16vdwfrJhig=15

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    vdkSqGOf;vkdStH.,mvHom;uvGdKif.tmAm.xmStausmifSw&mSwrsKdSaeaee0fSoGL?

    yd G K;wrJ ki fS,mvHyG,fSpmSzH k.uawufSEsSz d G K.vifSAm.wdGK;,mvHpD.idkSa[mif;u&dkSe0fS/ucGKrfpH.ajzSpmulSum;'g.,mvHpD.om;yG,fSpmSzHk.e0fS/a0GSoD;avGSoJifScsmigwm./'if.awmcsmig,mvHpD.

    wm./wGrf.Ed G K@aomhS'd kaomhSa'.o'Hkaqmif.ud k tqif.,Haz.uajy.e0 f S / az.Am.vmy faz.awhSAm.tcGOf.,,fSydkvf.xsS/pJhSydkvf.xsS/'HkvkdSwefxsS/a'.oudkqJif.&mSwm.0Gef.t0f.ut0f.'g.tGdKif.vkdSwefxsSup'g.EJkif;e0fSzHk.oGL?a'.oudk cGKrftm.%m.om;zHk.rOf.uDGtmig.vmyftcGOf.zHk.(arG;w0f;vJh) ,mvHyG,fSpmSzHk.rOf.az.pJkif.Am.tmaxGmif;tmjzmSig.vJh/,Haz.uajz.osifSaEGmifS,if;&GOfcGOf.xdk;vmyfwm.zH k.e0fSa0GSoD;awufSEsSvJkif.awmvGKyfSrmS,mvHom;oD;tavmif;zHk.e0fSoGL?,dkvJhwpm;

    uGyfp GO f.,mvHvd G Ki f.uGKe fSvGOfa'.oudkwJif /cGKrftm.%m.om;zH k.xdefaEGmifS'GKrfavmb/arm[zHk./rGefSAm;vGOfSrGdKif;'sm.&GOfcHSyum."etvl;z Hk .awGm hS / vd k Swefz H k . er f;usi fSpm&dwWuJ ki fvGOfvGAm. tausmifSw&mS wrsK dSaeaee0fSoGL?

    orf;,if;wrsKdS/ytdk0f.a'.oudk,dkoSxGL.c&m./a'.ouk duGy fvG Ky f SrmS,mvHcGi f SvSwJi f / aoif.wjcmzHk.aqhSajcmvGOfys\em.zHk.ayg.

    xe f.vGO fAm.tausmi f Sw&mSwrs d K Saeaee0fSoGL?,mvHqdk@S&Jkifa&SzHk.uOf;tmtme0fS/vGKy fSrmSaomhSvG'sm.od G K @S& D.vDS/od G K @S& D.,[H.,m.avmif;z H k.e0fSoGL?,[ef.om;e0fS,m;uJkifaoif.cGvDwEdGKifwefzH k.awGmhSw,f.axmif.vG,m_cHzHk.e0fSoGL?odGK@S&D.EJkif;e0fSzHk.tavmif;e0fS/xmStD.rGL;zHk.erf.rGL;zHk.wa'ghSxef.tmw0f;e0fSrS/,mvHrGL;cg.udkwzsKd;Am.tmw0f;erf.rGL;zHk.EJkif;odGK@S_cHvDSudkzHk.e0fSoGL?uGyfe0fSrSwJifvdkSzHk.e0fS/ac;_yJif.vdk@0ifS,m;uJkifcGSuJkifvGpGOf.

    aoif.wEdGKifwefzHk.e0fSoGL?ydGKif;vJif.cge0fSeDytdk0f.oD;vdkStzl.tAl.udk,dk/rOf.cG'g.aoif.0g.zHk.e0fS/cGKrf'sm.udGK@SeSrGL;/cGgzH k.vGKrfSe0fSoGL?uG,f.awGmhSvGKy fSrmS,mvHcGifSuxdG Ki f.vSe0fS/aoif.wefwEdGKifwefut0f.'g.aumifvG,frJkif./aumifvG,farmfSpwJifaumifa&GSavmif;zHk.e0fSwGrf.&GmSpufom;awGmhS/tGOfvkd @0ifScGuJkifpGOf.aoif.,m;uJkifpGOf.wjcmzHk.e0fSoGL?e0fSvJhwpm;eDytdk0f.a'.oudkaoif.wjcm/xmSom;wjcmzHk.uaqha jcmvGO fAm.xmS tausmi f Sw&mSwrsdKSaeaee0fSoGL?

    aumifaqmif.aumifzJkif;jcmut0f.'g.eDytdk0f.oD;&yf&m.'Hkaqmif.zHk.uOf.tmtme0fS/xDwGrf.aoif.wjcmzH k.vdGKif.uGKefS[0farG;ig.e0fSoGL?

    e0fSrSwJifr d G K;p d k ;zmyefvJif.um.vd kSjzm;oD;utGOf.uJkifcgSaz.'g.xHGKSpJOf.tvSytdk0f.'Hkom;zHk.e0 f S/ ac G aoi f .v GL ; / emSaoi f .v GL ; / aA G .A Ge fausmifSaoif.vGL;/trsmSyJif.aoif.vGL;/up'g.aoif.vGL;EJkif;e0fSzHk./pGKrf.&yfpGKrf.&m.zHk.tukdt0f.vG'sm.0ifSyigy&mSu&kdSe0fSxD.Am.aoxGSAm.e0fSoGL?yk*~vdutae.vJhoif/aAG.

    AGefausmifStae.vJhoif/'Hkaqmif.tae.vJhoifuyJif.qJif.'g.aoif.vGL;zH k.e0fS/xl.wm.0Gef.&Jurf;xdefSodrfS[0fcsmvG'sm.vdk@0ifSyigy&mSzHk.e0fSoGL?vGKyfS,mvHcGifSuxdGKif.vSvGOfawGmhStGOfvdk@0ifSac;_yJif.ae;pGOf.vdk@0ifS,m;uJkifvGaoif.wjcmzHk.wJif/ 'Hke0fom; cGuJkif ,m;vDxkdSaoif.wjcm,k d / c G d Ki f ;pm.avG Sawm ' H kxi f Som;xDtGSt&DG;tcdk.awGmhS/axifnifSa'ghSw&[email protected].[dGKefAm.e0fSoGL?w'HkwGrf.w'Hk,m;uJkifcsmigvdk@0ifS'HkyJif.aoif.wjcmzHk.awGmhS/a'ghSw&[email protected]

    pcefSvJht0f.Am.zdke0fSoGL?wjzmSwGrf.wjzmSw&drfvdk@0ifSodGK@S&D.awGmhSa'ghSw&[email protected]./wzl;wa0;xGefuwl.vifSwoDG.csif.w[[email protected]&drfvkd@0ifSrdGK;zmtrDG.odGK@S&D.[H.,m.ys\em.awGmhS/wzl;wa0;csifScsifSa'ghS&DvG'[email protected];ig.e0fSoGL?e0fSrSwJifuGyfpGOf.vGKyfS,mvHcGifSvSawGmhS/ytdk0f.&yfudkvd kStzl.tAl.z H k.wjzmSwGrf.wjzmSavGmif.Al.oDG.xDSaAmhSoSrkSzHk.,dkuJkifvD_yJKifjyifSxdkSAm.tausmifSw&mSwrsKdSaeaee0fSoGL?

    vGKy fSrmS,mvHe0fStcde f.a'G gi f.a'G gi f.tudk vS,dkSarG;ig.&GOfwJif/eDytdk0f.a'.oudkvdkSzH k.e0fS/wjzmSwGrf.wjzmSac;_yJif.vkd @0ifS*k%f.yum.oeawGm h S / wjzmSwGr f .wjzmS us H .wuJkifvkd@0ifSoS"gwfoSa[G.zHk.jyGL.xef.vGOfpGOf.a'.oudke0fSoGL?o"mwfw[0fw0f;oSusH.wuJkifvkd @0ifStusKdSw&mSzH k./uxdGKif.&vGOf uxGK di f.A G d K @ S jcSvGOfxd kSe Dytd k0 f.oD;vd kStzl.tAl.e0fS/eDytkd0f.a'.oudkwjzmSwGrf.wjzmS

    rmSoDawhSvGOfpGOf.vkd@0ifSzHk./xD.vGOfSw0f;toif.cJifSawGmhSvkdSuxkdSrm;ajcifAm.xmSzHk./wjzmSwGrf.wjzmS,GL;wa&[email protected]_yHK.jyif.awmawmifav;vHk;axmif.udkzHk.up'g.EJkif;e0fSzHk.e0fS/xD.Am.armhSAm.tmig.e0fSoGL?,[ef .om;e0fSuqdk@S&JkifcgS'g.,mvHzHk.,dk/uxdGKif.[0fw0f;ysif.uxdGKif.vSxdkSawGmhS/xGKrf.qGrfSpGOf.0ifSzkd;yem;wJifpDG.aomhSt,m_cHudkawGmhStGOf.pGOf.zdk;yem;tH.xkdSt,mvHrGL;zHk.e0fSoGL?zdk;yem;wd&dp>mef.&dkSpGOf.vJhayg.tH.Am.xGL,mvHrGL;zHk.e0fStpG,fSvGOfpGOf.y D E J k i f ; , m q G O f . o m ; w j z m S a e a e w J i f /

    qJ ki f Scsme0 fSayg.tH.Am.w0f;,mvHr GL;vJ h / tae@SzlxD&D.vifSxGLawGmhSavGSrk d;axhpGOf.,mvHrGL;t0f.&mSt&yfwJif/_cHazmifSrOf[0f[0f'D;uJ ki fp GO f./E d G K @tH.p GOf.,mvHrGL;z H k.e0fSoGL?

    uGyfe0fSrSwJif,mvH_cHom;e0fSqGrfScgSxGLzd k ;yem;uEd G K @tH.'g.a0GSoD;,mvHrGL;awGmhS/uDGa,m.csm,if;,mvHrGL;wef.zdkSzdk;yem;aAG.tavmif;zHk./up'g.ys\em.EJkif;e0fSvJht0f.[dGKeft0f.xD.Am.cGdKScGdKSe0fSoGL?zdk;yem;aAG.om;rOf.wa,m.az.aEGmifSw0f;cg/AufSqmAufSuJkifawm0ifSzd k;yem;cif.zH k./rmSoDawm0ifSzk d;yem;zH k./

    e 0 f S pm ; v J h x D . A m. a r m h SA m . e 0f S o G L?e0fSvJhwpm;uAGmpifarG;ig.eDytdk0f.crf;om;oD;oSo'

  • 8/4/2019 Pa-Oh New Dawn Journal No-5

    16/16

    twG,fS (1) trJkifS (5)tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.

    [ef.e DSum.vref;cr f;uk d e Dytk d0 f.vk dSrs dK S vkd SjzmSaygifSyrm.%t0f.1 oef;vGd KvGd K/ 2oef;aAmhSaAmhS&yfoGL?vkdSjzmSaygifScGdKif;e0fStukd&smSEkefSwxm.0vGdKvGdK&yfe0fSt"dutHkt0f.avGSref;crf;tacg0fuGOf.ajzm0fScrf;udke0fSoGL?t0f.uJkife0fSe0fStHkatm0f.avGSapmufSAGmcrf;/apmufSwEsm.

    crf;/rJifScrf;/yukdSwGdKif.ukdwGrf.{&m.0wD.wGdKif.up'g.cif.vrf;a'.opGpfSpGpfSpJpfSpJpfSukdzHk.tausmifSaocgStusrfSEJkif;e0fSoGL? e Dytk d0 f.cr f;om;vkd SxrfSomStjzmSaygifS &smSE ke fS90&yfe0 fSvGL;er f;urf;oufwm.t"dutHkaemiftm.uGdKSavGS oGdK@SvJkif;_cHxmSvGKyfSxmSrmSzHk.e0fSoGL?b0tHkxGdKif.a&Swm.t"duucGKrfpH.vGKyfSrmSavGS'g.t'D.tvm.t&m.tu0f.rsdKSpGKrf.zHk.tudkwGrf.plrOf.wGufAsm.e,fAm.,[ef.vJhaoif.vm./aeif;/aEG./zufSac:/zufSAdk./acghc,f./awmif;vJkif/aA[H./AGL/cJOf.up'g.uGKef.rsdKSzHk.e0fSoGL? &yf&m.a'.oukdOwk&m.oD.wGrf.[H."mwfpGefStm.tac.tae.uaz.vGOf'g.twGdKifS/t0f.eDytkd0f.crf;om;oD;oGdK@S_cHvJkif;,m.ukduxef.vGOf'g.tapmhStvm.t&m.t'D.up'g.uGKefSw_cdKSzHk./tidkS,H,Htcefa&mhSa&mhStcdef.wGdKifSeDytkd0f.xmSvGKyfSom;rOf.pmxef.aEGmifSrSeDytkd0f.crf;om;b0vGKrf;AOf.a&S/eDytdk0f.vkdStzl.tAl.om.,m.cGS&sL.a&S/eDytkd0f.crf;e,f.a'.ovGdKif.uGKefSxif.xdkSa&S

    up'g.eDytkd0f.crf;om;eDytdk0f.vkdStzl.tAl.oD;uuGDaumhS'g.twGdKifStD.vSvGOftD.xGmvGOfe0fSoGL? [ef .e DSum.v ,k d/ t0 f. eD yt dk 0f .crf ;o m;oD ;o Gd K@ S _ cHvJ ki f;,m ;u kd u x ef .v GO f' g.uG Ke f Sw_c d KSz H k . / tid k St0f.t0f. az.upmxef.Am.e0fS wef.w0f;tD.ul.nD. us d KSpmSuk daz./wGr f .te,fSr s d K Sp G Kr f .wJi f t"r RawufSE s SqG Kr f .awm'sm. vJ ki f ;v G Ky f S _c HrmSom;/c s Svif SzG d K.wrGdKSwrmSawm'sm.eDytkd0f.uGKef.cefzH k.wJif/eDytkd0f.vJkif;vGKyfS_cHrmSom;zH k.,def;xJhqH k;aomhSxJif;b0qifS&,fSatmifukde0fSoGL?axteDSt&ifScH.,yfSyif.yefSusdKSpmSvGKyfSrmSxGLuxef.vGOf'g.uGKef.w_cdKSzHk.uGyfpmxef.Am.w0f;/tapmhStvm.t&m.t'D.zHk.okd.zsifSuJkifaoifteDSt&ifSoGKrfSawifxkdSAm.awGmhS/rJhxDu[l.&D.vifSAm.'g.eDytkd0f.crf;om;zHk.wJh xD.Am.armhSAm.tmig.wJifoSqmc&m.[0fig.e0fSoGL? eDytkd0f.crf;om;vkdSxrfSomSvJkif;vGKyfS_cHrmSom;oD;b0vGKrf;AOf.om.,m.a&Swm./cdef.xl.cdef.'JhStapmhStvm.oJifScdef.um.v/tidkSt0f.t0f.tidkSrJOf.rJOf.,Hpmxef.aEGmifSa0GSoD;uGKef.w_cdKSe0fS/uxGm'g.eDytkd0f.crf;xDwGrf.vkdSrsdKStweftu,f.zHk.t0f.vkd.zefqifSaz.ig.vJOf;eDytkd0f.vkdStzl.tAl.oD;pDSyGmSa&Stm.rcH.csufe0fSoGL? t0f .eDytkd0 f.vk d Stzl .tA l. o Gd K @SvJ kif ; _c H,m.u k d uxe f.vGO f' g. u GKe f.w_c dK Srs dK SzH k. /aqSuGufSvJkif;vJkif;,Hpmxef.aEGmifSe0fS/[email protected];pDSyGmSaqSuGufSxGLwum.w0f;/eDytkd0f.vJkif;vGKyfS_cHrmSom;oD;tavmif;pDSyGmSa&Splwefavmbwefom;uvGOfxGKrf;AOf.awufSEsS/uvGOfpkdufStGS'g.tE W&m,f.vJh/t0f.vkd.&Jurf;t0f.vkd.um.uG,f.az.ig.vJOf;tausmifS??

    zpf[GKefvdwfrl

    tm.& k%f.wom,Huwif.waqm0fvGO fx Ji f ;x Ji f ;tw Gu f a[m f Sx Gm ;v dw fom;

    rsdKS&ufytdk0f.tmoD;oSu0if.pmS'g.Ekdif.iH.crf;xDa&S/vkdStcGifSta&S/obm0taomift&if S/ynm.a&S/p DSy GmSa&S/qk d @ S& J ki fa&S/e Dytk d0 f .vdwfvJkifSwGrf.a,ef.iJa&S"avhSxGHK.pH.up'g.eDvkdSoD;tzl.tAl.tukdut0f.ajymifSvJkif.'g.txGmtuJkiftausmifSc&m.trs d KSrs d KSz H k .,k dpD.jcyfae;wGrf.vuFm.uAsm/xGdK@Sqifae;wGrf.umwGef. & Gr f_z J Ki fS z H k.wJif wJrf;yomvGaoGmhvdwfrlzHk.tausmifSzpfavm0f;[GKefAm.oGL?

    cG d Kif;0G d K @pGOf.vdwfapmif.,kdtavmif;w&kdSw0f;/vdwfapmif.udkuyg'g.vdwfrltyk'frJkifSw&kdSw0f;r O f . r O f a z . ' g . t u s r f . t ^ m % f . w G r f .taygifSvuQ%m.uxGm'g.xmSxD.xmSa0G.zef.zHk.vJhwJrf;yomaEGmifSvG'sm.tausmifStGOf.[GKefAm.oGL?

    tm.&k%f.womoS&m.a'ghSaig0f;

    [email protected];aoGmhytdk0f.vJkif;vGKyfS_cHrmSom;b0vGKrf;AOf.a&Stm.rcH.csuf

    tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.xef.aEGmifSa&StpGdKS

    cGefAefcsm rGOf;zsifpJpfaqSvdwfrlcGefqefuD pk&GrfvdwfrlcGefrsdK;xkd vdwfapmif.'DZdkif.cGefaomrwfpf [email protected] ajz@SvDvdwfapmif.

    tm.&k%f.womvdwfapmif.t"dua&.rdk;csuf

    acwftavGmufSytdk0f.aig0f;iGga0g[m&zH k.,HuwdkSyGmSvdGKif.uGKefSwOf.acGgifvGOf/

    yt d k 0 f . a' .ou d k yuwduxG mv GO f ' g .

    Zmwf& JO f .t[0ftuJ ki fz H k .twd G Ki f S wGr f .rwfwefSt*F g .vuQ%m.taAGwAm.wJi f,HuwJrf;uJpfSwJpfSrJkif,HtGOf.uJkifcgSaEGmifSpGdK;cGdKSorJifSrwfwefS/

    txD.t[GKefA[kokwwGrf.&Jkif;[efrkSzHk.,Haz.upGKrf;xGwfSaomhStmvGOfeDytkd0f.vkdStzl.tAl.tukd/

    uawGmif;w&sm;'g. w&mSOya'.ta[hS,dkcrf;om;oD;pGKrf.jzmScGScGSoSoS,Haz.ucH.pmSAm.vGOf/

    uGyfawufSEsSrmSaEGmifS rkSzH k.wJif oSxmSirf;w&sdK;rkSuatm0f.wGdK;awif'g.crf;om;vkdSxrfSomSoD;erf;avmif;uDzHk.,dk,HuazhxdkSrm.vGOf/up'g.EJkif;e0fSzHk.oGL?

    oGKyfoG,[email protected]://pa oh newdawn blogspot com