P L A Y B O O K Crimea PLAYBOOK - GMT · PDF fileThe Crimea is a large peninsular •...

�Crimea PLAYBOOK

© 2010 GMT Games, LLC

1.0 Introduction.................................................... 22.0 GameBasics................................................... 23.0 SpecialRules.................................................. 44.0 SpecialMovementSituations......................... 55.0 TheSevastopolInsetMap.............................. 66.0 AirUnits......................................................... 97.0 SpecialUnitsandSituations........................... 118.0 NavalOperations............................................ 139.0 HowtoSetUpaScenario.............................. 2010.0 SCENARIOS.................................................. 2010.1 Scenario1:TheTartarDitch........................... 2010.2 Scenario2:Odessa:HeroCity....................... 23

10.3Scenario3:Crimea:TheRoadtoSevastopol.. 2510.4Scenario4:Sevastopol:FirstAssault............... 2710.5Scenario5:CrimeanCampaign....................... 2910.6Scenario6:Kerch:ThePartyBossAttacks..... 3210.7Scenario7:Kerch:OperationTrappenjagd...... 3310.8Scenario8:Sevastopol:OperationStorfang.... 3610.9Scenario9:TheKerch-FeodosiyaOperation... 3811.0DetailedExamplesofPlay............................... 4312.0Designer’sSection........................................... 46Credits...................................................................... 49Counterscans........................................................... 50ExpandedSequenceofPlay..................................... 54

Table of ContentsGameDesignbyVancevonBorries

P L A Y B O O K

GMT Games, LLC • P.O.Box1308,Hanford,CA93232-1308•www.GMTGames.com

� Crimea PLAYBOOK


�.0 Introduction‘HewhocontrolstheCrimeaismasteroftheBlackSea.’

�.� Historical SettingTheCrimeaisalargepeninsularregionintheBlackSeaknownbymanyinvaderssinceantiquity.Duringthecurrenteraafterbe-ingheldbytheCrimeanTartars(Tatars)forthreecenturies,itwasannexedin1783byCatherineII(TheGreat)ofRussia.Later,theCrimeanWar(1854–1856),foughtbyBritain,France,Turkey,andothersagainstRussia,focusedattentionontheimportanceofthegreatRussiannavalfortressatSevastopol,animportancerenewedbytheSecondWorldWar.

Inthefallof1941therecouldbenoquestionwhethertheAxiswouldinvadetheCrimea.TheSovietshadbeenusingairandnavalbasestheretothreatenGermanoilsuppliesinRomaniasincethestartofthewar.WhenGermantroopsfoughttheirwayintoCrimeaduringOctobertheyhadhopeditwouldbeaquickcampaign.InsteaditbecameprotractedwithacostlysiegeofovereightmonthsatSev-astopol.WheretheBritishandFrenchhaddaredtochallengetheRussiansacenturybefore;nowitwasGermany’sturn.

�.� General IntroductionBarbarossa: Crimea recreates theWorldWarIIcampaign in theCrimea,historicallyfromlateSeptember1941throughearlyJuly1942.OneplayerwillcontroltheAxisforces(GermansandRoma-nians),whilehisopponentcontrolstheSovietforces.Theplayingpiecesrepresenttheactualunitsthatparticipatedinthecampaignandthemaprepresentstheterrainoverwhichthoseunitsfought.TheplayersmaneuvertheirunitsacrossthemapandconductcombataccordingtothestandardrulesofplayandtheadditionalrulesandscenarioinstructionsfoundinthisPlayBook.Oneplayerwinsbycapturing certain specified objectives while his opponent wins by avoidingthosevictoryconditions.

�.3 Combining GamesThisgameispartofaseriesofgamescoveringWorldWarIIintheSovietUnion.PlayersshouldfeelfreetocombineplayofthisgamewiththatofBarbarossa:KievtoRostov,(KtR),alsopublishedbyGMTGames.Allgamesofthisserieshavebeenbuiltwiththeideatheycouldbeplayedtogether.Someshareafewofthesamehistori-calunits.Itisanticipatedthatplayerswouldwanttoexploremorehistoricalalternativeswithcombinedplay.Tofacilitatesuchplay,somereferencestoKtRarefoundinthisPlayBookwithgeneralguidelinesoncombiningplay.

�.0 Game EquipmentBarbarossa: Crimeacontains:

• One22x34inchmap(mapQ)• Four11x17ScenarioCards• Twodouble-sidedSovietSetUpCards• TwoAxisSetUpCards(onedouble-sided)• One11x17inchfoldedChartCardwithCombatResultsTable,

TerrainEffectsChart,movementcharts,artilleryandNon-OpHQcharts

• One11x17inchfoldedChartCardwith“HowtoReadUnits”information, air combat, AA fire, interdiction effects, overrun and combatrelatedcharts

• One8.5x11chartcardwithSuper-HeavyArtilleryInsetEffectsTable.

• TwoAirUnitStatus/UnitRebuildingCards(oneSoviet[beige]andoneAxis[gray]).

• TwoCardscontainingScenario3,4and5VictoryConditions• One8.5x11cardwithnavalchartsandtables• One8.5x11CardwithTurnRecordtrackandWeatherTable• 740die-cut½inchcountersintwofullcountersheetsandtwo

halfcountersheets• Oneten-sideddie

�.� The Game Maps�.��Mapsareusedasfollows:• Scenarios1,2,6,7,8and9useseparatescenariocards.• Scenarios3,4,and5useMapQandtheSevastopolInsetmap.

�.�� The Map-T Holding Box.Thisrepresentsalargegeographicalregionadjoiningthegamemapforusebygameunitswithouttheneedforadditionalplayingspace.TheholdingboxisprintedonMapQandappropriatescenariocards,andisusedinmostscenarios.

NOTE: The actual Map T will be found in a later game in this series.

a.AllSovietunitscan tomove toandfromtheMap-THoldingBox.AxisgroundunitscannotenteritorattackSovietunitstherebutAxisairunitscanconductShippingAttackmissions[PB6.44]againstSovietnavalunitslocatedthere.

b.SovietairunitsdesignatedasbeginningtheirmissionintheMap-THoldingBoxcountrange[PB6.13]beginningwithanyhexontheeastmapedgesouthofhex7011.

c. SovietartilleryunitsintheMap-THoldingBoxcanconductartil-lerysupportcombatonanyhexonMapQwithinrangefromtheeastmapedgeorfromhex7014;treathex7014asintheHoldingBox(theartilleryneednotbepositionedonhex7014).MorethanonesuchartilleryunitcansupportanyonecombatpercombatphaseifanHQiswiththemintheHoldingBox.TheseartilleryunitsdonotrequireAttackSupply.

DESIGN NOTE: This is the Kerch Strait; the land on the far side is very close.

d.AplayercanplaceasmanyunitsasdesiredinMap-THoldingBox.Thereisnostackinglimit.UnitsmightbeplacedthereAtStartorasreinforcements.Groundunitsleaveonlybynavaltransportprocedure.ThereisnodirectMapQlandconnectionwiththehold-ingbox[exception:PB10.44.c].

e.Map-THoldingBoxisalsoaport(notaseazone)adjacentonlytotheKerchSeaZone.ForpurposesofNavalunitbasingandrepair,theMap-THoldingBoxisconsideredamajorport[Portcharacteristicsonplayeraidcard].NavalunitsenterorleavebyNavalMovementprocedure[PB8.2].

f.Map-THoldingBoxprovidesGeneralSupplyduringtheSupplyDeterminationPhasetoallunitsthere,andtoallunitsonMapQabletotraceSupplytotheIceBridge.

g.HQunitscanattempttorecovertoOperationalstatuswhileintheActiveBoxorMap-THoldingBox.TheirNon-Opstatusdoesnotaffectotherunitsineitherbox.

h.AZapunitcanincreaseaunitwhilethatunitisinMap-THold-ingBox.

3Crimea PLAYBOOK


i.UnitsintheMapTHoldingBoxmarkedwithGarrisonmarkersarereleasedindividually.

�.� The Playing Pieces�.�� Carefullyremovethecardboardplayingpiecesfromthecountersheetsandsort themintocategories.Refer to the“HowtoReadUnits”informationononeofthe11x17ChartCards.

�.�� Unit counters are not coded for specific scenarios (as was done inpreviousgamesofthisseries).

�.3 Barbarossa Standard Rules (BSRs): Exceptions and Changes

“No one is forgotten, nothing is forgotten.”

—RedArmyslogan

�.3�Taketimetofamiliarizeyourselfwithalladditionsandexcep-tionstotheBSRscontainedinthisPlayBookandinthescenarioyouareplaying.SomeBSRsusedinpreviousgamesofthisserieshavebeenchangedforCrimeaandtheiraccompanyingchartsandtables have been revised to reflect those changes. Rules changes havebeennotedinmanyPlayBookrulessectionswithreferencetotheappropriateBSR.

�.3� The Sevastopol Inset Map.UnitdensityintheSevastopolareaforcedachangetoadifferentscaletopreventstackingproblemsandstaticgameplay[SeePB5.0foracompletediscussion].

�.33 Naval Operations.Theneedfortransportofreinforcementsandsuppliesbyseaaddsanotherdimensiontoregulargameplay[see PB 8.0 for a complete discussion]. These rules will be retrofitted atalaterdatetoallowplayinArmyGroupNorth.

�.34 Captured Rail Lines [addition to BSR �9.0] HISTORICAL NOTE: During late 1941, overextended Axis forces resorted to using captured Soviet rolling stock and unconverted Soviet rail lines to remain in supply.

a.DuringtheAxisEngineeringPhaseafterexpendingrailconversionpoints,theAxisplayermayextendtherailnetbybringinguncon-vertedSoviet rail linesunderAxiscontrol.Scenario instructionswillspecifyhowmanycapturedraillinesmaybeutilized,buttheutilizationprocedureisidenticalforeachline.

b.UtilizationfollowsguidelinesofBSRs19.21,22and23withthefollowingadditionsandexceptions:Eachcapturedrail linemuststart adjacent to anAxis Railhead marker (major river hexsideswithdestroyedrailroadbridgesdonotpreventplacement).PlacetwoCapturedRailheadmarkersinthehex.OnemarkerremainsintheplacementhexandbecomestherearRailheadhex.Thesecondmarker ismovedup to12hexes forwardalong thecapturedraillineandbecomestheforwardRailheadhex.EachSwamporMarshterrainhexcountsastwohexes.NohexinthecapturedraillinecanbeSovietoccupiedorinaSovietZOC.ThemostforwardhexmusteitherbeAxisoccupiedbyagroundcombatunitorinanAxisZOC.Ifthesecondmarkercannotbeadvancedall12hexes,unusedhexesarelost.OnsubsequentturnsthecapturedraillinemaybeadvancedbymovingtheforwardRailheadmarkerupto12hexesusingthisprocedure.DuringMud,SnowandArcticWeatherturnsthemaxi-mumforwardmovementforanycapturedraillineis6hexes.

Example of extending a captured rail line in Dry Weather

c.WhenanAxisconvertedRailheadmarkerismovedforwardbyexpending RCPs, any adjacent captured rearRailheadmarker ismovedbackbyanequalnumberofhexes.

Example of Converting captured rail hexes.

d.Thereisnohexlengthlimittothehexlengthofacapturedrailline,butthe60hexperturnlimitforrailmovementappliestobothconvertedandcapturedraillines.

e.ThemovementcosttomovefromaConvertedRailheadmarkertoa Captured Railhead marker is 15 rail movement points (reflects the timeneededtotransloadbetweenrollingstockofdifferinggauges).Transported units with insufficient rail movement points must stop beforeenteringtheCapturedRailheadmarkerhex(orConvertedRailheadhexifmovingtheoppositedirection),andtheremainingrailtransportpointsarelost.MajorriverhexsidesmusteithercontainanundestroyedrailbridgeoraFerrymarker[PB2.35].

f. General Supply.AcapturedraillinecanprovidelimitedGeneralSupply. Up to five hexes within five hexes (four hexes intervening) oftheforwardRailheadhexmaybeplacedinGeneralSupplydur-ingtheSupplyDeterminationPhase.RemoveanyEmergencyorOutofSupplymarkersfromthosehexes.AnymajorriverhexsideintherailnetmusteitherhaveanundestroyedrailbridgeoraFerrymarker[PB2.35]

g. Rail Transport. Whenallowedbyscenarioinstructions,capturedraillineshavearailcapacityofonestackingpoint.BSRrailmove-ment rules apply. If more than one stacking point utilizing RailmovementonaConvertedraillinemovesadjacenttotheCaptured

4 Crimea PLAYBOOK


Railhead,onlyonestackingpointmaycontinuemovingontothecapturedrailline.TheremainingunitsmustceasemovementontheConvertedrailheadhexwithremainingrailmovementpointslost.

�.35 Major River Ferries.Axisforceswerewoefullyunprepared to repair damaged rail bridges over theDneprRiver,andagainresortedtostop-gapmeasurestoforwardsuppliesbyutilizingferries.

a. Placement. Ferry placement follows BSR Bridge paragraphs23.22through23.24withthefollowingchanges:

1.AFerrymarkerisplacedduringtheAxisEngineer-ingPhasepriortoRailConversion.AFerrymarkermaybeplacedonanyhexcontainingahexsidewithadestroyedmajorriverrailbridgeifthehexcontainsaconvertedRailheadmarkerinarailnetthattracessupplybacktoanin-supplyBaseoramapedgesupplysource.

2.TheFerrymarkerisplacedonitsUnderConstructionsideup.DuringtheAxisEngineeringPhaseofthefollowinggameturnthe Ferry marker may be flipped to its Operational side. An Axis engineerunitmustbepresentduringbothturnsbutmaythenmoveawayonanysubsequentturn.

b.ThemajorriverhexisnowopentoAxisrailmovementbegin-ningthenextgameturn.Itcosts30railmovementpointstocrossa major river on a Ferry. Transported units with insufficient rail movementpointsremainingmaynotcrossthemajorriverhexsidebyFerry.Theymuststopadjacenttothemajorriverhexsideandanyremainingrailmovementpointsarelost.IfthetransportedunitnextentersaCapturedrailhex,itwouldpayanadditional15railmovementpointstoenterthathex[PB2.34].

c.GeneralSupply.StartingtheturnaftertheFerrymarkeristurnedto its operational side, theAxis player can trace general Supplyacrossthemajorriverhexside.

d. Removal.FerryremovalfollowsBSRBridgeparagraphs23.22through23.25withthefollowingchanges:

1.Onceplaced,aFerryisnotremoveduntileitherthemajorriverhex-siderailbridgeisrepaired,oranenemyunitmovesintoitshex.

2.FutureplacementisintheAxisEngineeringPhasepriortoRailConversion.

DESIGN NOTE: Both of these rules are meant to be retrofitted into Kiev to Rostov, but with the caveat that play balance will be affected (in favor of the Axis player). Kiev to Rostov scenarios have not been retested to determine adjustments to supply point levels and victory levels.

3.0 Special RulesNot all BSRs cover all scenario situations. Additions or modifications toBSRsthatapplytotwoormorescenariosbeginhere.AllruleschangeshavebeennotedinthePlayBookRulessectionwithrefer-encetotheappropriateBSR.TaketimetofamiliarizeyourselfwithalladditionsandexceptionstoBarbarossaStandardRules(BSRs)containedinthisPlayBookandinthescenarioyouareplaying.

3.� Historical Weather3.��ThehistoricalweatherforeachturnisprintedintheTurnBoxontheTurnRecordTrack.Itcanbeusedinanyscenariobypriormutualagreement.

3.�� Limited Mud.DuringDryClimateconditionsnomorethantwoturnsinarowofMudareallowed.IfonthethirdturnMudoccurs,disregardthatMudresultanduseDry(noStorm)instead.

NOTE: This game uses a Weather Table that differs from those in the rest of this game series. Much of the Crimea enjoyed a far milder climate than the rest of the Soviet Union.

3.� Replacements3.�� Axis Replacementsa. Romanian nationality is specified for certain RPs shown on the SetUpcards.UsetheseonlyonRomanianunits.ARomanianTypeIRPcanbereceivedinsteadasa(1-2-4type)RegimentSubstituteCounter.

3.�� Applicable to Both players:a.BothplayerscanaccumulateType IRPsasdesiredup to thelimitshownontheirLoss/ReplacementTracks.TrackaccumulatedRomanianRPsseparately.

NOTE: The limit has been increased for this game.

b.AllSovietunitsintheActiveBoxreturntoplayonlythroughtheMap-THoldingBoxorbyon-mapconversionofZapunits.

c.AllAxisunitsintheActiveBoxreturntoplaythroughthenorthedgeofthegamemap.

3.�3 Soviet ReplacementsTheSovietReplacementsTableisnotusedinthisgame.Usethefollowinginitsplace.

a. TheSovietplayerreceivesoneTypeIRPeveryturnunlessthescenariostatesotherwise.SomescenarioslistadditionalTypeIRPsasreinforcements.

b.EachTypeIRPcanbereceivedinsteadasaZapunit.ZapunitsarecreatednormallyduringtheSovietReplacementphase.

NOTE: Unless otherwise indicated, use of Zap units is the only way for the Soviet player to get Type I RPs to besieged units at Odessa or Sevastopol.

c.TheSovietplayerreceivesonlytheTypeA,air,andarmoredtrainRPsspeciallylistedontheSetUpCards.AirandarmoredtrainRPsare“useorlose.”ArebuiltarmoredtrainisplacedonlyinOdessa.Rebuilt armorandartilleryunits return toplayonly through theMap-T Holding Box unless specified by scenario instructions.

d.TheSovietplayercanstarttheconstructionofnomorethanoneStrongpointperturn,unlessthescenariostatesotherwise.

e.TherearenoSovietMandatedAttacksotherthanthoserequiredbyscenariorules.

DESIGN NOTE: This feature figures importantly in other games in this series and no additional Mandated Attacks are generated here. To the Kremlin the Crimea was a secondary theater of operations and as such was already on limited supply and reinforcement. It was not subject to as intense a level of supervision as elsewhere until later [see Scenario 6].

f. Soviet Garrisons1.EachturntheSovietplayercan,asdesired,eitherreleaseoneGarrisonhexoracceptoneSpecialReinforcementPoolGroup.Theoptionremainsineffecteveryturn,evenifneitherischosen.

5Crimea PLAYBOOK


2.AllunitsonaGarrisonhexAtStartarethecombinedGarrisonofthathexandarereleasedtogetherasagroup.

EXAMPLE: Hex 5718 in Scenario 3 has two units At Start. Both are the Garrison. Both are released upon a single declaration of the release of the hex 5718 Garrison.

3.GarrisonunitsinthemapTHoldingBoxarereleasedindividu-ally.

3.�4TheAxisplayercannotcreateStrongpointsunlessallowedbyscenariorules.

3.3 Map ExitExitingthemapisnotallowedinthisgame,exceptforSovietunitsmovingtotheMap-THoldingBox.Units(ofeitherside)cannotretreatoffthemapedge.

3.4 Reinforcements and Withdrawals3.4�UnitsontheSetUpCardsmarkedas“Available”arepartofvariouspoolsofgamepieces[suchasMSUs]thatareusedinthescenario.Nomorethanthelistednumberofeachtypecanbeused.Setasidetherestforuseinadifferentscenario.More(orfewer)ofcertaintypesmaybecomeavailablelaterasshownintheReinforce-mentssectionoftheSetUpCards.

3.4� Withdraw—Cannot Cancel [AdditionstoBSR8.73]Not all withdrawals can be cancelled. Certain withdrawals aremarked“CannotCancel”onthescenarioSet-UpCards.Theseoccurbecauseofspecialhistoricalcircumstances.AplayercannotpayVPstocancelthewithdrawalof“CannotCancel”units.

3.43UnitswithdrawatthestrengthshownontheSetUpCard.Ifthewithdrawingunit isat less than thestrengthshown, then theownerdeductsthenecessarystepsfromaccumulatedreplacementsstepsoftheappropriatetype,orhereducesunitsofthesametypecurrentlyinplayonthegamemap,step-for-step.

NOTE: If a withdrawing unit is stronger than the strength shown, the extra step(s) remain with the unit, but can be used to offset shortages of identical type steps in other withdrawing units on a one-for-one basis.

3.44Withdrawnairunitscanbefromanyairstatusbox,eventheDestroyedBox.

3.45 Combining GamesWhencombiningseriesgames,playerscanconductasmuchoraslittleswitchingofunitsastheydesire.

a.Somewithdrawingunitsaremarked“toKtR.”WhencombiningthisgamewiththeKtRgame,unitsnotwithdrawndonotappearintheKtRplayarea.

b.AllAxisunits(andsomeSovietunits)arefromKtReventhoughnotsomarked.Here,applytheoppositeoftheabove;theyarrivefromtheKtRgameandsoshouldnotbereceivedunlesswithdrawnfromthatgame’splayarea.

c.Useonlyonecountertorepresentthesameunit.Itcannotappearatthesametimeinplayareasofmorethanonegame.

d.OnlySovietnon-NavalairunitsontheCrimeaSovietAirUnitStatuscardsufferthe+2DRMifSimferopolisAxisoccupied[PB6.15].

e.Transferredairunitsaresubjecttoatimedelay.PlacetransferredairunitsintheFlownBoxwitha“DoNotMove2GTs”markeronthem.TheycanundergoReadinessdierollswhileundertheDoNotMovemarkers,butaddthevalueofthemarker(1fora1GTmarker,or2for2GTs)totheReadinessdieroll.Iftheypass,theygototheReadyBoxwiththeirDoNotMovemarkers.AftertheDoNotMovemarkersareremoved,theyareeligibletoperformairmissions.

DESIGN NOTE: The time delay as to when air units withdraw from one game and then appear in the next is necessary to provide the variable Readiness status for those units when they reappear. This is, in part, because the ground servicing element also needs time to make the transfer. We regret any design inconsistencies from game to game.

f.Allreplacements,Strongpoints,andASPsforbothsidesareinadditiontothosereceivedintheAGSgame.AddallSovietreplace-mentsandStrongpointsreceivedinScenario2tothosefortheAGSgamebutthesearereceivedasdescribedforScenario2.

g.SomeunitsshownonSovietSetUpCardOneBackareusedonlywhencombiningcampaigngames.

h.Whencombininggames,thoseMandatedAttacksgeneratedinother games in this series cannot be satisfied on Map Q.

3.5 Reinforcements3.5� Unless otherwise indicated allAxis reinforcements enterthrough the north edge of Map Q, usually at a specified entry hex. UnitsrestoredbyreplacementsprocedurefromtheCadreBoxwillreturntoplaythroughanynorthedgeentryhexdesired.

3.5� Unless otherwise indicated, all Soviet reinforcements enterplaybyplacement in theMap-THoldingBox.Units recoveringfromCadrestatusandcurrentlyintheActiveBoxareplacedonlyintheMap-THoldingBoxunlessrecoveringbyuseofanon-mapZapunit.

4.0 Special Movement Situations4.� Railroads4.�� Railroad Movement is not available unless specifically allowed inthescenariobeingplayed.

4.��Sovietcoastartilleryunitscannotuserailroadmovement,airtransport,ornavaltransport.

4.� Unit ConversionsSomeof the scenarios includegroupsofunitsmarked“Remove–Receive.”DuringtheReinforcementsPhasetheowningplayerremoves the indicated unit(s), from wherever located (includingfromtheCadreorEliminatedboxes).Heremovesthatexactunit.Hethenimmediatelyreceivestheindicatedunit(s)inthesameloca-tionastheremovedunit(s).Ifmorethanoneunitisremovedinanoptionalconversion,placethenewunit(s)inanyoneofthehexes(orboxes)occupiedbyunitstoberemoved.Thenewunitentersplayatnomorethanthesamestepstrengthastheunit(s)removed;iftheremovedunitisreduced,thenewunitentersreduced;iffullstrength,itentersatfullstrength.Ifmorestepsareremovedthanreceived,theexcessislost.

� Crimea PLAYBOOK


4.3 Supply Unit Entry4.3�AllSovietSupplyPointsenterplaybyfirst being placed as MSUs in the Map-T HoldingBox.

4.3�AllAxisSupplyPointsenterasMSUs(orDumps)throughthenorthmapedgeofMapQ.

NOTE: Axis Fuel Shortage and its effects [see KtR] are not included in this game because of the lack of motorized and panzer divisions. Apply these effects when combining games and such a division moves into the Crimea game area.

5.0 The Sevastopol Inset MapThe defense of Sevastopol for eight months (officially 250 days) during1941 and1942wasoneof the epic events of thewar inRussia. During 1944 Sevastopol was given the honorific of “Hero City”bytheSovietgovernment.Toportraythisfamoussiege,thesingle Map Q hex of Sevastopol and 25 surrounding hexes arerepresentedbytheSevastopolInsetMap,anenlarged,detailedmapadjacenttoMapQ.

NOTE: Follow BSRs unless described differently below.

5.� Inset Map Overview5.��TheInsetMap isusedatall times inscenarios that includeit;theyarescenarios3,4,5and8(printedononeoftheseparatescenariocards).

5.��TheInsetMapisanenlargementof theblackoutlinedareaaroundSevastopolonMapQ.

a. Groundunitsarealwaysplacedontheinsetmap.

b.ThereisnochangeinSequenceofPlaybetweenMapQandtheInsetMap.Movementofunitsonbothmapsandbetweenbothmapsisdoneinanyorderduringtheappropriategamephase.Attacksaredeclaredandresolvedinanyorderonbothmaps.

5.�3TherearetwotypesofregularsizedhexesrepresentedontheInsetMap:• Transitionhexes(allregularsizedhexesadjacenttotheInsetMap

boundaryline;eachhexcontainsayellowdot)• Interiorhexes(allotherregularsizedhexesontheInsetMap)

5.�4 Optional.PlayerscanuseMapQInteriorhexesfortemporarystorageofSovietnavalunits.

5.�5 Mega Hexes.TheInsetincludesgroupingsofsevenInsethexes,called“mega”hexes,whichhavenoeffectonplay.EachhasahexreferencenumbercorrespondingtoaMap-Qhex.Megahexesareforreferenceandorientationpurposesonly.

5.� Inset Map hexes5.��ThescaleoftheInsetMapissmallerthanMapQ,soitsterrainfromhextohexdoesnotalwaysmatchexactlywithterrainshowninMapQhexes.

DESIGN NOTE: Inset Mega Hexes generally conform to the corre-sponding Map Q hex but where a Map Q hex appears as completely one type of terrain (such as hills), the corresponding Inset Map area may show hills in only some of the Inset hexes. Additional terrain details such as woods, roads, etc. sometimes appear in Inset Map

hexes when the corresponding Map Q area indicates none of these. At this scale we can enjoy the benefits of greater detail.

5.��TransitionhexesarefoundonlyattheedgeoftheInset.Thesehexesmark theboundarybetween the InsetMapandMapQ.Ablack-coloredhexsideprovidesanadditionalgraphictoshowtheexact point of change between Inset MapTransition hexes andMap-Q hexes adjacent to the Inset Map.Transition hexes differfrominteriorInsethexesasfollows:

a.TransitionInsethexeseachcontainayellowdottodistinguishthemfromInteriorInsethexes.

b.ZOCprojectionbetweenTransitionInsethexesandadjacentMapQhexesdiffersfromregularZOCprojection[PB5.3].

c. StackingforcombatbetweenTransitionhexesandadjacentMapQhexesdiffersfromcombatbetweenregularhexes[PB5.23]

EXAMPLE: Stack R1 in transition hex 1418 contains 8 stacking points, the maximum allowed for an Inset hex [PB5.23]. Stack R2 in transition hex 1718 contains 2 stacking points. The two stacks, totaling 10 stacking points, are both adjacent to Map Q hex 4023. No additional Soviet units with stacking value one or greater may stack in hexes 1518, 1619 or 1718 because 10 Soviet stacking points, the maximum adjacent to a Map Q hex, are already present.

5.�3 Stacking on any Inset hex is limited to eight (8) stackingpoints.

a. Additionally,whilethe8stackingpointperhexlimitationisineffect,stackingontransitionhexesisfurtherlimitedtoatotaloften(10)stackingpointsadjacenttoanynumberedMapQhexshownontheinset.

DESIGN NOTE: Play testing revealed that the Soviets could stack up to eight stacking points per transition hex, presenting the Axis player with more than 20 stacking points to attack with a maximum of 10 stacking points(before factoring in artillery) – in effect, ahistorically denying the Axis player entry into critical areas of the inset map.

b.TheAxisplayerislimitedtoplacing10(ten)stackingpointspernumberedMapQhexshownontheinset.

c. Strongpoints cannot be constructed on transition hexes (sameproblemasabovewithdenialofentrybecomingarealproblemfortheAxisplayer).

d.InanyattackonanInsethexcontaininganytypeofundestroyedfortification, one engineer unit may be added above the maximum stackinglimitof8SPs[PB7.42].

5.3 Inset Map Zones of Control5.3� In all hexeson the InsetMap, anyunitwith aZOCexertsthatZOCintheInsethexitoccupiesandthesixsurroundingInsethexes.

�Crimea PLAYBOOK


5.3�ZOCextendsintoadjacentMapQhexesonlyfromunitshav-ingZOCthatoccupyInsethexesdirectlyadjacenttoaMapQhex.TheseZOCeffectsareidenticaltoMapQZOCeffects.

5.33UnitsinMapQhexeshavingZOCexerttheirZOCintoalladjacentTransitionhexes,buttheZOCeffects(identicaltoMapQZOCeffects)extendonlyintotheInsethexesdirectlyadjacenttoMapQhexes.

EXAMPLE: Soviet unit R1 exerts ZOC into Map Q hexes 3922 and 4023 as well as Inset hexes 1318, 1419, and 1518. Unit R3 exerts ZOC into Map Q hex 4023 as well as adjacent Inset hexes but not into Q3922. Unit R2 does not exert ZOC into any Map Q hex but does extend ZOC into all adjacent Inset hexes. Axis unit A3 exerts ZOC into Inset hexes 1418, 1518, 1619, and 1718 as well as Map Q hex 3922, 4022 (not shown), 4122 (not shown), and 4123.

5.4 Inset Map MovementTheprintedMovementAllowances(MAs)ofallunitsremainun-changedontheInsetMap.

5.4� Adjacent Map Q hexes.a.AllstandardterrainMPcostsandeffectsonmovementapply.These hexes function normally in all respects to other Map Qhexes.

b. Units unable to enter Inset hexes from Map Q hexes (insufficient MPsremaining)remaininthoseadjacentMapQhexesuntiltheirnextavailablemovementphase.

EXAMPLE: Axis unit A2 begins movement in Q3922. It moves to Inset hex 1418 by spending ½ MP since it is moving along minor road (Dry weather), then another ½ MP to 1419 where it stops.

In his turn the Soviet player moves his R4 unit from Inset hex 1619 to Q4023 by spending 1MP for crossing the river and 1MP for entering a clear hex; it must stop since it has only now entered the ZOC of Axis A5 (A2 moved to 1419). Soviet R5 cannot move directly to Q4023 since that would be directly from enemy ZOC to enemy

ZOC; it could, however, move from 1718 to 1619 and then to Q4023 (thereby spending a total of 4 MPs).

5.4� Inset Map Special Movementa. Follow BSR 11.1 for Railroad Movement. During RailroadMovementeachInsethexequalsoneMapQhex.EachInsethexoccupiedorenteredmustbeatleastthreeInsethexes(twohexesintervening)fromanyInsethexorMapQhexcontainingenemycombatunits.

Exception:Thethreehexproximityrestrictiondoesnotapplyforarmoredtrainunitsandrailroadartillery.

b.FollowBSR11.3forStrategicMovement.Duringstrategicmove-menteachInsetMaphexequalsoneMapQhex.EachInsethexoccupiedorenteredmustbeatleastthreeInsethexes(twohexesintervening)fromanyInsethexorMapQhexcontainingenemycombatunits.

c.SovietnavalunitsmovefromInsetMapporthexesaspartofnormalnavalmovementanddonotcounthexes[PB8.21].

d.FlotillaunitsmoveontoorfromtheInsetthroughall-seaorcoastalhexesonMapQinthesamemanneraslandunitsdothroughlandhexes[PB5.41].

5.5 Inset Map CombatConductattacksperBSRs.

5.5�AttacksfromMapQhexesintoTransitionhexesareresolvedwith differing stacking point limits, up to ten stacking points intheMapQhex,anduptoeightstackingpointsineachInsethexattacked.

EXAMPLE: In the diagram above, if Axis A3 attacks R1, it must also attack R4 because R4 exerts ZOC into the adjacent Map Q hex 4023 (it occupies an Inset hex adjacent to a Map Q hex). Axis A3 cannot attack Soviet R2 because they are not adjacent. Axis A5 cannot attack R4 because they are not adjacent. A2 can attack only R1.

5.5�AttacksconductedentirelyfromInsethextoInsethexobservetheeightstackingpointlimitperInsethex.ApplycombatresultsperBSRs.Exception:PB7.42–overstackinganAxisengineerunitwhen attacking a Soviet fortification hex.

EXAMPLE: In the 5.52 example, if Axis A1 in Inset hex 1318 attacks, it must engage both R1 and R2 because both these units project a ZOC into its hex. Note that if A2 attacks R1 then A1 needs to engage only Soviet unit R2.

5.53AunitforcedtoretreatbycombatresultscanretreatofftheInsetMapontoanyMapQhexwhereitwouldbenormallyallowedtomove;itcanalsoretreatfromMapQontotheInsetmap;oritcan

� Crimea PLAYBOOK


BSR15.64].AdditionaldefenderDRMsmaybeavailableforotherterraininthehex[forhillorstrongpoint]andcannotbeoffsetbyadditionalengineerorsuper-heavyartilleryunits.

b.Onedefendingunitdoublesitsdefensestrength,uptoamaximumincreaseofthree(3)defensestrengthpointsforthehex.Thiscanbeanyunittype,defender’schoice.

EXAMPLE: Two Soviet units occupy a Citadel hex. One is an artil-lery unit with defense strength of two and the other is an infantry division with defense strength of four. The Soviet player chooses to use the doubling effect on the infantry division, doubling three of its four defensive strength points to six and giving the division a defensive strength of seven. Counting the artillery unit, the total intrinsic defense strength for the Citadel hex is nine before adding any artillery support.

c.AllAxisarmoredunits[exceptarmoredengineerandFlammpan-zerunits]attackingCitadelarehalved.

d.AxisCABisnotallowedagainstundestroyedCitadelhexes,butPanzerDivisionIntegrityisallowed.

e.UnitsonanundestroyedCitadelhexmusttakeallprintedsteplosses,butcanignoreallRetreatcombatresultswithoutsufferingtheadditionalNoRetreatstepreduction.ThistakesprecedenceovertheNoRetreatoptionandonlyiftheCitadelisdestroyedmayanin-rangeSovietHQissueaNoRetreatordertothathex.

ThemaximumpossibledefenseDRMinasinglehexforcombatagainstaCitadel inthisgameis3,pluseffectsofsupportingairunits,computedas:• Citadel(+1)• Strongpoint(+1);notallCitadelhexeshavethis• Hill(+1);notallCitadelhexeshavethis• Airsupport(variablenumber)

TheAxiscanoffsetbyatotalof–2DRM,pluseffectsofairunits,computedas:• OneengineeroroneSuper-Heavyartilleryunit(–1);additional

engineerorSuper-HeavyartilleryunitshavenoDRMcancelingeffect,thoughtheirsupportstrengthscanbeaddedtothecom-bat.

• PanzerDivisionIntegrityBonus(–1)• Airunits(variablenumber)

The Citadel may be destroyed [see PB 5.76] before netting the final DRM. Remember that the final net combat DRM cannot exceed +3 or–3[BSR15.7].

DESIGN NOTE: These Citadels are relatively small and cannot hold a full division, hence the limit on the doubling effect. Retreats do not apply since units deployed there would be under orders to stand. Citadel garrisons were full of fanatical political officers is-suing death or glory orders. It should be noted also that the Soviets did not name these Citadels—only the Germans did.

5.�3AxisunitsdefendingaCitadelhex(destroyedornotdestroyed)donotreceiveitscombateffects.

5.�4SovietunitsonanundestroyedCitadelhexarenotsubjecttoSurrender[BSR21.0]andarealwaysinGeneralSupply.

5.75 Citadel and Fortified Line Destruction. WhenatleastoneAxisSuper-Heavyartilleryunitisincludedinacombatsuppliedattack on an undestroyed Citadel or Fortified Line hex a separate

combinethetwoifretreatingtwohexes.Eachhexcountsasonehexoftheretreat,whetheritisonMapQortheInsetmap.

5.� Special Situations on the Inset5.��StrongpointsarealwaysplacedonMapQInteriorhexes.PlacethemdirectlyonthedesiredInsethexes.

5.�� Range Calculations.Fordistanceson the InsetMap tripletherangeforallartillery(bothsides),forairrangelimitations[PB6.1](bothsides),andthecommandradiusofSovietHQs(OporNon-Op).LOCRanges[BSR6.11]forGeneralandAttackSupplyisdoubled.AArangedoesnotchange.RangecanbecomputedpartlyonMapQandpartlyontheInsetMap.WhenmeasuringrangefromtheInsettoMap-Q,eachthreeunusedrangehexescarriestoMapQasoneMapQrangehex;amountslessthantwodonotcarry.WhenmeasuringrangefromMapQontotheInset,tripleallremainingrangeafterdeductingfortheMapQportion.

PLAY NOTE: Players often reported forgetting that their Map Q artillery could be used to fire on the Inset Map, and vice versa. The “disconnect” between the two maps cannot be avoided, so use extra care when moving units, allocating artillery support, etc.

5.�3AAunitsontheInsetinenemyZOC(fromInsetoroffInset)cannotconductAAFire

DESIGN NOTE: Because of the close-in nature of the Inset, they are now engaged in front-line fighting.

5.�4 Bunker Busting.AxisAAandAssaultGununitsmaydoubletheirattackstrengthswhenpartofaDeclaredAttackagainsthexescon-taining Strongpoint, Fortified Belt, Fortified Line or City terrain.

a.OneAAunitperDeclaredAttackmaybedesignatedasabunkerbuster.Thisunitwilldoubleitsattackstrength,butitcannotcon-tributea+1DRMtotheAAFireTable.OtherAAunitsparticipatingintheDeclaredAttackusetheirnormalattackstrengthsandmaycontributetheir+1DRMstotheAAFiretable.

b.OneAxisAssaultGununitperDeclaredAttackmaybedesignatedasabunkerbuster.Thisunitwilldoubleitsattackstrength.OtherAssault Gun units participating in the DeclaredAttack use theirnormalattackstrengths.

DESIGN NOTE: Assault Guns were originally designed to support infantry against prepared positions and they performed very well in this roll. Later in southern Russia they would earn a reputation as tank killers. The AA guns proved to be as effective in their improvised role against bunkers as the 88mm AA guns in North Africa became against Allied tanks there.

5.� Citadel HexesThese hexes contain multiple heavy fortifications, some originally startedwelloveracenturyearlier.Soviettroopsheldthesetena-ciously.

5.�� ZOC Effects of Citadel.EnemyZOCdoesnotextendintoanundestroyedCitadelhex.

5.�� Combat Effects of Citadel.ApplythefollowingincombatwhenSovietunitsaredefendinganundestroyedCitadel.

a.TheAxisplayerappliesa(+1)DRMtohiscombatdieroll(cu-mulativewithothereffects).OneAxisengineerunitoronesuper-heavyartilleryunitattackingCitadeloffsetthisDRM[additionto

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procedureisconductedusingtheSuper-HeavyArtilleryInsetEffectsTable[7.33]beforeregularcombatresolution(Generallyrepresent-ingapriorbombardment).

5.��AdestroyedCitadelconfersnocombatorothereffects.Itcan-notbebuiltorrebuilt.ACitadelcanbedestroyedbyoneoftwomethods:• Whenoccupiedduring theAxisengineeringphasebyanAxis

divisionorengineerunit(exceptfor300thArmoredEngineers)• WhenanattackagainstitincludesAxissuper-heavyartillerythat

achievesa“destroyed”resultwhenmakingaseparateattack,im-mediatelybeforeregularcombatusingtheSuper-HeavyArtilleryInsetEffectsTable[PB7.33].

5.8 Fortified Belt Hexes“Come on fascist dogs. We are waiting.”—CommunistsloganpostedonSevastopolperimeter,1942

These hexes contain permanent systems of bunkers and minefields arrayedindepth.

5.�� Fortified Belt hexes are found only on the Inset map. They benefit only the Soviet player. They cannot be built or rebuilt. See TECforterrainmovementcosts.

5.�� Combat Effects. TheAxisplayerappliesa(+1)DRMtohiscombatdieroll (cumulativewithothereffects)whenattackingaSoviet unit on an undestroyed Fortified Belt hex and applies the asteriskresultwhenitoccurs.TheDRMandasteriskapplyregard-lessofthedirectionorcombinationofdirectionstheattackeruses.AdditionaldefenderDRMsmaybeavailableforhillterraininthehexorforaStrongpoint.

5.�3 Axis ZOC does not extend into an undestroyed Fortified Belt hex(occupiedorunoccupied),foranypurpose.SovietZOCdoes.The ZOC of both players’ units does extend out of Fortified Belt hexes into non-Fortified Belt hexes.

5.�4 Axis units defending a Fortified Belt hex (destroyed or unde-stroyed)donotreceiveitscombateffects.

5.�5 A destroyed Fortified Belt hex confers no combat or terrainmovementeffects.AxisZOCsextendnormallyinto a destroyed Fortified Belt hex. A Fortified Belt hex canbedestroyedonlywhenoccupiedduringtheAxis

EngineeringPhasebyanAxisdivisionorengineerunit.

5.�� Combining Games. Soviet Fortified Belt hexes on the Sevas-topolInsetarenotcompletedandreadyforuseuntiltheendoftheSovietengineeringphaseofGT53.

DESIGN NOTE: Sevastopol had no continuous landward defense line at the start of the war. This particular line was begun on 4 July 1941 by the usual means of forced local labor. The inner encircling Fortified Line was completed quickly. A third defense line farther out was planned but the Germans arrived well before it could have been completed.

5.9 Inset Map Air OperationsUptothreeairunitspersideareallowedforanysingleairmission.There is no change from BSRs forAA Fire, CAS, Interception,Interdiction,orAir-to-AirCombat.EachInsethexistheequivalentofaregularmaphexfordeterminingmissionhexes.RangeforAA

fire from HQs and AA units remains unchanged from Map Q

5.10 Defender Fanaticism.[AdditiontoBSR16.5]VictoriousAxisunitscannotadvanceintoadefenderhexcontainingStrongpointorFortified Belt terrain if the defenders were issued a No Retreat order andlostthelast(oronly)defendersteptosatisfytheNoRetreatsteplossprovision.

�.0 Air Units“Wo bleibt die Luftwaffe?” (Where is the Luftwaffe?)

—OftenrepeatedbytheGermansoldier

�.� Air Range Limitations�.�� Axissingle-engineairunitscannotbeplacedinmissionhexesmorethan25hexesfromafriendlytown,city,ormajorcityinAxisGeneralSupply.AllotherAxisairunitscanconductmissionsinanyhex.Axissingle-engineairunitsarethefollowingtypes:Bf109E,Bf109F,andJu87.

�.��Soviet“TB-3”and“DB3”airunits[thesearelong-rangebomb-ers]canconductmissionsonanyhex.

�.�3NoSovietairunitofanyothertypecanbeplacedinmissionhexesmorethan25hexesfromafriendlyhexinGeneralSupply.AnySovietairunitintheMapTHoldingBoxcountsanyhexsouthofhex7010ontheeastedgeofMapQasafriendlyhexingeneralsupply.

�.�4AhextobeusedforairrangecannotbeplacedinsupplybyspendinganASP.

�.�5 Soviet Airbase Limitations.BeginningtheturnaftertheAxisplayercapturesSimferopol(hex4321)allSovietairunitsaretreatedasbeingintheMap-THoldingBox;thosenon-NavalairunitsintheMap-THoldingBoxaresubjecttoa(+2)DRMontheirReadinessdierollwhileinFlownstatus.ThoseinDamagedstatusdonothavethisDRM.NavalairunitsarenotaffectedbytheDRMforSovietAirbaseLimitations.

DESIGN NOTE: With the loss of their central Crimean bases, more Soviet air units operated from the area represented by the Map T Holding Box. There, the whole base organization had to be rebuilt from scratch. Battlefield coordination problems between the regions were immense.

�.� Air Combat“To provide assistance to the forces of the Crimea, the Stavka orders you to throw in 51st Army’s aviation to a maximum.” —Stavka to theCommanderof theForcesof theCrimea,1

Nov.1941

�.�� Air Combat Table.This game uses a revisedTable.TheoriginalTablewasnotproperlygeneratingairunitlossesincertaincombatdifferentialcolumns.NotealsotherevisedDRMsontheAAFireTable.

�.�� Soviet Anti-aircraft Units. Someofthesehavenomovementallowance.Thesearerestrictedtomovementonlyonactiverail-roadhexesortoNavalTransport[PB8.5].Theycannototherwisemoveandcannotretreatoradvanceasaresultofcombat.Theyarerestricted during movement to final positioning (upon concluding railroadmovement)inatown,city,ormajorcity.

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DESIGN NOTE: These were area defense organizations deployed for protection of communications centers. The Soviets deployed comparatively few mobile AA guns for tactical protection. These would be controlled by army headquarters; fewer still by Front command.

�.3 AA FireApplythefollowingchangestotheAAFireTable:• Alsoapplya(–1)DRMforaSovietIL-2airunit.• No longer apply a DRM when the firing Soviet unit is greater than

fourhexesfromanOperationalHQ.

�.4 Additional Axis Air Interdiction Missions[AdditiontoBSRs13.0and17.1]

NOTE: Axis Air Interdiction missions are now conducted earlier in the Sequence of Play; see the Expanded Sequence of Play.

�.4�AxisairunitswithanInterdictionratingcanperformanad-ditionalthreetypesofmissions:• NavalMovementInterdictionMission• PortInterdictionMission• ShippingAttackMission

�.4� Naval Movement Interdiction Mission Procedurea. Allocate eligible air units during theAxisAir InterdictionPhase.

b.EligibleinterdictionunitsareanyairunitwithanInterdictionrating. Non-mission air units can also be assigned as firing units (asescort).

c. Therearenomissionhexes.Instead,amaximumofthreeairunitscanbeplacedintheNavalMovementInterdictionBox(foundonMapQor the appropriateScenario cards).Airunitswith an In-terdictionratingthatareplacedintheboxaffectnavalmovementanywhereonthemap.

d. Up to three Soviet naval fighter air units can oppose this mission. Aircombatisresolvednormally.

NOTE: Soviet AA Fire is not possible against this mission.

e. SurvivingAxis air units cause an Interdiction Level markerequaltotheirInterdictionratings(uptoLevel2)tobeplacedintheNavalMovementInterdictionBox.ExcessInterdictionratingsareignored.

f. NowreturnallairunitsintheNavalMovementInterdictionBoxtotheFlownBox.

g. The Soviet player refers to this box when making any NavalMovementLossTabledierolls.IftheInterdictionLevelintheboxisone(1),heusestheAirInterdictioncolumnontheNavalMove-mentLossTable;iftheInterdictionLevelistwo(2),applya(+1)DRMonthattableforeachdieroll.

h. Combined Games.OnlyGermanairunitsareeligibleforthismission.

�.43 Port Interdiction Mission.IfaporthexonthegamemapiswithinaZoneofInterdictionasaresultofaregularInterdictionmission[BSR13.0],reducetheport’sloadingandunloadingcapac-ity,andgeneralsupplycapacity,bytheamountofNTPsshownforeachtypeofportonthePortCharacteristicsChartforeachlevelof

Interdiction[nomorethan2levelsarepossible;BSR13.14].ThelevelofInterdictionalsoaffectsnavalunitReadiness[PB8.13]andRepair[PB8.35]atthatport.ThismissionisnotallowedagainsttheportinMap-THoldingBox[sinceitisnothexterrain].Navalunits(excludingtransports)intheportdoallowtheSovietplayertomakeanAAdierollifnoSovietAAcapablelandunitsoccupyorareadjacenttotheporthex.ThesameholdstruewhentheportisadefenderhexinaDeclaredAttack.

�.44 Shipping Attack Mission.DuringtheAxisCombatphasetheAxisplayercanuseairunitsintheReadyBoxasmissionunitstoattackenemynavalunitseitheratseaoroccupyingaporthexorintheMapTHoldingBox.AnyairunitwithanInterdictionRatingcanconductShippingAttackmission.

a. Mission units can be escorted by firing units (apply the three air unitmaximum).

b.MissionunitsaresubjecttoaircombatbyopposingSovietnavalairunits.

c.Survivingmissionunitsareeachplacedtoattackasinglenavalunit.Allcanattackthesameunit,orattackseparateunitsifmorethanonenavalunit is present.Additionalnavalunits canbe ig-nored. Targeted naval units are specified prior to any rolls being made.Missionunitscannotshifttodifferenttargetunitsoncethedeclarationismade.

d.Anynavalunit,excepttransporttype,iseligibletoconductAAFirebutonlyagainstairunitsconductingamission(ofanytype)inthehexoccupiedbythatnavalunit(notadjacent).AAFireisal-lowedregardlessofanavalunit’sstatus,SailedorReady,butdonotaddtogetherothernavalunitsinthesamehexforAAFireDRMs.In-range ground AA unit or HQ fire DRM up to the maximum +2 DRMcanbeaddedcanbeaddedtoeachattackednavalunit’sAAdieroll.MapTHoldingBox

e.RefertotheShippingAttackTable.RollonceforeachremainingairunitandapplyDRMs.ApplyanyresultantDamagePointstotheaffectednavalunitsimmediatelyandthenplacethemissionunitsintheFlownBox.

f. Since transports cannot conductAA Fire; [they had noAAweapons],anynavalunitallowedAAFirethatisstackedwiththattransport(inport)canprovideAAFireforthattransport,unlessitis,itself,atargetofashippingattackmissionthatsamephase.

NOTE: Since the transport is the actual object of the attack, the transport will take any resulting Damage.

g. Air units can conduct ShippingAttack mission against navalunitsinMap-THoldingBox.Sovietanti-aircraftunitstherehavenoeffectonAxisairunits.

h. AirunitscannotattackFlotillaunitswithShippingAttackmis-sions.The DD/T/Flotilla Column on the ShippingAttackTablecan only be utilized by air units for DD andT ShippingAttackmissions.

DESIGN NOTE: This may seem odd but these are deemed as ground units. Historically, flotillas experienced such a turn-over of actual vessels that the loss of a few such vessels would not eliminate the unit.

i.CDartilleryunitscanalsoconductShippingAttackMissions against any in-range naval or flotilla units duringtheAxisCombatPhase[PB8.31b].

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�.5 Soviet Naval Air UnitsThese specially designated air units havesomeadditionalrestrictions.

�.5�OnlytheSovietplayerhasnavalairunits.Ontheairunitcoun-terstheplaneiconsarecolorednavyblueinsteadofarmybrown.

�.5�Navalairunitsarerestrictedtouseonlywithin25hexesofabaseunit[NOTE: There are only two such base units].Theycanalsobeusedwithin25hexesoftheMap-TholdingBoxentryareahex[PB2.12b](regardlessifabaseunitispresentintheHoldingBox).

�.53 Only Soviet fighter naval air units can oppose Axis air units conducting:• NavalMovementInterdictionmission[PB6.42],or• ShippingAttackmission[PB6.44].

�.54 NavalairunitsarenotsubjecttoSovietAirbaseLimitations[PB6.15].

DESIGN NOTE: The Black Sea Fleet Air Force was not operation-ally subordinate to the Front (Army command) and in principal continued to support the defense of Sevastopol.

�.� Air TransportAirTransportisnotavailableforeitherplayerinthisgame[excep-tion:PB10.44e].

�.0 Special Units and Situations�.� Special Reinforcement Pool Groups Certain Special Reinforcement Pool Groups have special condi-tions attached. See scenarios 3, 4 and 5 for these group specialconditions.

�.� Special Axis Situations�.�� Romanian Regiment Substitute Counters.TheAxisplayerusestheseonlyforRomanianinfantryormountaintypeunits.RomanianRSCscannotbeusedforGermanunitsandGermanRSCscannotbeusedforRomanianunits[seealsoPB3.21bforspecialuse].

�.�� Axis Garrison Requirements.EachcityhextheAxiscapturesrequiresagarrisonofonestep(ofanycombattype),ortheVPsforthatcityarelost.Formulti-hexcitiestherequiredtotalgarrisoncanbeinanysinglehexorcombinationofhexesofthatcity.

�.3 Artillery�.3�UnlesslocatedintheDefenderHexRomanianartilleryunitsprovidedefensivesupportathalfstrength(dropfraction).Nomorethan two Romanian artillery units can combine to provide fire support inasinglecombat.Germanartilleryunitscancombine(notreduced)withRomanianartilleryuptothefour-unitlimit.

EXAMPLE: If there are two Romanian artillery units, no more than two German units can combine with them.

�.3� German Super-Heavy Artillery Units with Asterisk (zero) Support Strength.[AdditiontoBSR23.4]

a. These units can also fire only at Soviet Citadel and Fortified Belthex.

b.Thosethathavezerosupportstrength(shownbyasterisk)causeeachSovietcoastartilleryorsuper-heavyartilleryunitinthetargethex to be reduced by one step if the fortification is “Destroyed” by resultsoftheSuper-HeavyArtilleryInsetEffectsTable.Theyreduceartilleryinahexonlyonce.

c. ParticipationbythoseS-Hartilleryunitsthathavezerosupportstrength (shownbyasterisk) allows theattacker tooffset the+1DRMs of all fortifications in the hex (each non-asterisk S-H artillery unitcanoffsetonlyonesuch+1DRM.

d. Thosethathavezerosupportstrength(shownbyasterisk)caneach fire up to only four times during the course of a scenario. In the Storfangscenario(#8)usetheAmmomarkersandtheSuper-HeavyArtilleryAmmunitionExpenditureTrack.Starteachunit’sAmmomarker on the 4 Box, and move down one box each time the unit fires. Once each unit has fired for the last time (Ammo marker reaches the 0Box),immediatelywithdrawtheunitfromthegame.

Forothercombinedcampaignscenarios,useanumbermarkertoshow the number of times each has fired. Place the marker with the unit,orplaceitontheunit’sfacsimileontheSetUpcard.

e. The Dora unit1.DorahasonlyaFiringmode;onceplacedatthestartofascenario,itcannotmove,retreat,oradvanceaftercombat.

2.CombiningGames.DorawillalsodestroyallSupplyDumpsinthetargethex(notMSUs).SupplyDumpsarenotusedinthesamescenarioasDorabutshouldplayerswant toaddDoratootherscenarios,applythiseffect.MSUsarenotaffectedduetogreaterdispersion.

DESIGN NOTE: Dora cannot move (in game terms) because of the time needed to prepare a new battle position.

�.33 Super-Heavy Artillery Inset Effects TableDESIGN NOTE: Sevastopol saw one of the heaviest concentrations of super-heavy artillery in the history of warfare. On the Sevasto-pol Inset map, the effects of those shells falling on any Inset hex is proportionally greater than on a regular map hex, and the effects on the many types of fortification terrain become more diverse. This table will be found on one of the player aid cards.

a. AnyAxisS-HartilleryunitcanusetheTable.

b. Resolve the Super-HeavyArtillery Inset EffectsTable beforeresolvingregularcombat.MorethanoneSuper-Heavyartilleryunitmayattack,butapplyonlythesinglebestDRMaslistedbelowtheTable.Super-HeavyartilleryunitsnotlistedcanusetheTablebutdonothaveaDRMontheTable.ThoseS-HartilleryunitswithonlyanasteriskforsupportstrengthapplyonlyaDRM,notanysupportstrengthtotheregularcombat.

c. Alleffectsareappliedimmediatelypriortocombatresolution(thesuper-heavyartilleryismakingapreliminarybombardment).

d. ApplythemostfavorableTableDRM,ifapplicable.RefertotheSuper-HeavyArtilleryInsetEffectsTableforresults.

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�.34 Soviet Super Heavy Artillerya.ThereareonlytwosuchSovietunitspro-videdinthisgame(the“30+”andthe“35+”units).TheyhaveonlyFiringmodeandcan-notmove,retreat,oradvanceaftercombat.Thereversesideisaninfantryreducedstrengthlevel(thesearetwo-stepunits)wheretheunithaspermanentlylostitsartillerysupportstrength.

DESIGN NOTE: These two units had huge crews in immense for-tifications going several levels underground. They fought on long after their guns were destroyed.

b. NeitherhasanattackDRM;bothhaveartillerysupportstrength.PerBSR23.42theycanprovidesupport(attackordefense)toanyin-rangehexwithaDeclaredAttackmarker.

c.Eachcountstowardtheartilleryunitandstrengthlimitationspercombat.

�.35 Soviet Artillerya. WhileontheOdessamap(ScenarioCard#1Back)orSevastopolInsetMapaSovietHQisnotrequiredtobestackedwithartilleryunitstoallowthemtocombinetheirsupportstrengthswhenattackingordefendinginasinglecombat.ArtilleryornavalunitsontheInsetneedonlybewithinCommandRangeofanHQalsoontheInset.AirInterdictionoftheHQstillreducesthetotalnumberofartilleryunitsthatcancombineforadeclaredcombat.

DESIGN NOTE: Sevastopol artillery was organized under a single commander who had good centralized control over the 70 batteries of all gun types in the fortress area.

b. Naval Artillery Support.Navalunitsprovidingartillerysupportforgroundunitsareincludedwithintheartilleryunitcombinationrestrictions[andPB7.34.a],andmustbewithinrangeofanopera-tionalHQwhencombiningwithotherartillery[seealsoPB8.6].Navalunitscanconductartillerysupport(attackingordefending)regardlessoftheirReadinessstatus.

�.3�Coastartilleryforbothsidescanconductallregularartilleryprocedures(inadditiontotheeffectsinPB8.32).

�.4 Combat“There is no such thing as a division being finished.” —Manstein,25October1941

�.4� Armored Engineers.TheGerman300thBnfunctionsas“engi-neer”formostcombatandDRMpurposes.Theyarenothalvedwhenattackingcity.TheydonotprovidetheengineerDRMforattackingacrossriver.Theyaresubjecttolossfromarmorattrition,requireTypeAreplacements,andcountasarmoredforVPcalculations.Theycannot remove enemy Strongpoints, or destroy Citadels, Fortified Lines or Fortified Belts during the Engineering Phase.

�.4� Engineer Assault.InanyhexwhereAxisunitsareattackinganon-destroyed Soviet fortification (of any type), the Axis player can addoneengineerunit(anytype)overandabovethenormalstackinglimit.Theengineermustcombinewithotherunitsattackingthatfortification. Engineer effects in combat are automatically in effect. Ifthatengineersurvivescombat,itmustadvanceaftercombat(ifresultsallow);itisretreatedonanyothercombatresult.

�.43AnydefendinghexcontainingonlyRomanianunits(noGermanunitspresent)cannotbeplacedunderNoRetreatorders[exceptiontoBSR14.33].

7.44 German 22nd Infantry Division.Whenallthreeregimentsof this division are present in the same hex (at full or reducedstrength), they qualify as a full division for purposes of fortifica-tionremoval.

�.5 Axis Panzer and Motorized Units7.51 Panzer Division Integrity [Addition to BSR 15.68]A single Panzer Division receives a (–1) DRM for each groupcontainingonePanzerBattalionandoneMotorizedRegimentorReconnaissanceBattalion.AllunitsmustbelongtothesamePanzerDivision.The22ndPanzerDivisioncouldhavethreesuchgroups,eachreceivinga(–1)DRMinseparatecombats,butonlyonesuchDRMisallowedperPanzerDivisioninanysinglecombat.Whenfourofthesixunitsofthisdivisionarepresentinthesamehex,theyqualify as a full division for purposes of fortification removal.

7.52 Motorized Divisions.NonemaybepresentonmapatthesametimeaPanzerdivisionisonmap.

7.53 German 60th Motorized Divisiona.Ifeitherofthetwomotor-ized infantry units of thisdivision are removed fromplay due to combat losses(toCadreorEliminatedboxes),eachreturnsonlyasnon-motor-izedinfantry;conductanimmediateUnitConversionforthatunitandusethecorrespondingUnitConversioncounter(oneforeachregimentisprovided).

b.When all three units of this division are present in the samehex, they qualify as a full division for purposes of fortification removal.

�.54Duetosub-unitcomposition,boththeGroddeckandZieglerbrigadesqualifyfor theCombinedArmsBonus(CAB)onattackwhenallowedbyweather,orterrainandabsenceofdefendingSovietarmor,AAorAT units.When defending, both units negate SovietCAB,andtriggerarmorattrition.

�.�. Soviet Surrender [AdditiontoBSR21.0]��.��AcombatunitinanyhexdoesnothavetomakeaSurrendercheckaslongasitcantraceanoverlandLineofCommunications(LOC)[BSR6.2]ofunlimitedlengthto:• TheIceBridgeinScenarios4,5and9.• Afriendlyportoranchorage;disregardwhethertheportcapac-

ity[PB8.44]isadequatetoprovideGeneralSupplytoallunitstracingtoit.

Exception:PortoranchoragehexescontainingonlyaSovietCDartilleryunitmustmakeaSurrendercheckwhenAxisunitswith2ormorestackingpointsareadjacent.

DESIGN NOTE: There are several lone Soviet CD artillery units occupying coastal hexes with a defense strength of 1 to simulate their defensive capability against a seaborne landing, but their defense strength would have been zero against land attack. Such units were easily overcome by small Axis forces.

�.��TheSurrenderTablenow includesaDRMshowing the in-creasedlikelihoodofmilitiaunitsurrenderandtheincreasedlikeli-hood of Surrender during a specified period of the game.

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�.�3NavalunitsarenotsubjecttoSurrender.

�.�4SovietunitsinanundestroyedCitadelhexarenotsubjecttoSurrender.

�.0 Naval OperationsOnlytheSovietplayerhasnavalunits.

�.� Naval Units�.�� Explanation of Naval Unit Values

BB Battleship DD DestroyerCL LightCruiser T TransportDL DestroyerLeader

�.�� Characteristicsa. Navalunitsarenotcombatunits,buttheycanaffect(ground)combatunits.Theyhavenostackingvalue.TheydorequireGeneralSupplyorAttackSupply.

b.Navalunitsmoveonlyatseaandhavenoeffectonmovementofunitsonland.Theycannotprevententryofenemycombatunitsintoaporthex[seePB8.23b].Theydo,however,prevententryofenemynon-combatunits[suchasMSUs].

c.NavalUnitshavenosteps;theysufferDamagePoints[8.34].AunitintheEliminatedBoxcannotberebuilt[except“T”type].

d.Allnavalunits[excepttransporttype]areallowedAAFire.ForthispurposeeachnavalunitcountsasanAAunit,regardlessofDam-ageonit;butitprovidesAAonlyforitself[seealso6.44dandg].

e.Navalunitscannotbereducedorremovedtosatisfycombatunitsteplosses,buttheycanbedamagedoreliminatedduetoNavalMovementLossTableresults,ortheShippingAttackairmission[PB6.44].

NOTE: Flotilla units are not naval units [PB 8.8].

�.�3 Naval Unit Readinessa.Navalunitcountershavetwosides:ReadyandSailed.TheReadysideindicatesReadystatus:theunitisarmed,fueled,provisionedandcrewed.Tobeeligiblefornavalmovement[PB8.2]anavalunitmustbeinReadystatus[Exception:8.23b].SailednavalunitscheckforreadinessduringtheNavalReadinessPhaseoftheStra-tegicSegment.

b. Procedure. TheSovietplayermustdesignateSailednavalunitstoeitherrollforrepairorforreadiness.NoSailednavalunitcanrollforbothproceduresinthesameNavalReadinessPhase.TheSovietplayerrollsonedieforeachselectednavalunitthatisinSailedstatus.ApplyDRMsfromtheNavalUnitReadinessandRepairChart.Ifthemodified die roll result is equal to or less than the unit’s Recovery rating,changethatnavalunittoReadystatus.Unitsthatdonotpass

ReadinessremaininSailedstatusandcantryagainnextturn.Unitsthat pass Readiness can remain Ready indefinitely.c. Sunknavalunitsarepermanentlylost[exception:Transporttype;PB8.34.b];sunknavalunitsdonotcheckforReadiness.

�.� Sea Zones and Naval Movement�.��Navalunitsmoveonlybynavalmovementatsea.Whennavalmovementoccurs,thenavalunitsphysicallymove.Anygroundunitswiththem[loadedfornavaltransport;PB8.5]movewiththosenavalunits[evenwhenforcedtomove;seePB8.23b]

�.��All seaareasaredivided intoseazones.Coastalhexesandportsarenotpartofanyseazone.Seazonesareusedfornavalunitmovementandareusedforcalculationofhowfaranavalunitcanmove. Naval units are not placed on any specific hex in the sea zone unless for a specific mission [such as in PB 8.6].

NOTE: The Map-T Holding Box is a port, not a sea zone. All sea hexes on the Sevastopol Inset Map are part of the Sevastopol Sea Zone; these are not a separate sea zone.

�.�3 Naval Movementa. Anaval unit conductsnavalmovement in either, or both, theMotorizedMovementorMovementphases.

b. AnavalunitconductsnavalmovementalsoduringenemyMove-ment or Reaction Movement or during advance or retreat aftercombatonlywhenitisforcedtodoso[thesearerarecircumstances]becauseanenemycombatunitenterstheporthexitoccupies.Trans-feritimmediatelyintotheadjacentseazone;suchtransferissubjecttotheNavalMovementLossTable[8.3]andtreat“abort”asaD1result.ItremainsinReadystatuswhileatsea.IfitbeginsinSailedstatus,itturnsimmediatelytoReadystatusbutapplya(+3)DRMtotheNavalMovementLossTable.

NOTE: Naval units can move during any type of weather but only Storm weather causes a DRM on the Naval Movement Loss Table.

c.Movenavalunitsoneatatime,individually.

DESIGN NOTE: Soviet ships do not move as groups because of poor command and control.

d. Moveeachfromseazonetoseazone,fromporttoseazone,orseazonetoport.Navalunitsdonotmovefromhextohexeventhougheachseazoneincludesahexgrid.Thegridisusedonlyfornavalunitplacementforcertaingamefunctions.

e.NavalmovementisnotlimitedbyNon-OpstatusofHQunits[theyareadifferentcommand].

f.Navalunitscanremain“atsea”inaseazoneattheendofNavalMovementintheSovietMovementPhaseonlyiftheydonothavesufficient NMPs to enter a friendly port.

Exception: Transporting units forAmphibiousAssualt [PB8.74c.3].

DESIGN NOTE: The Soviets understood all too well that they did not have the capability to replace lost vessels. Ships at sea were far more vulnerable to the Luftwaffe than ships in port.

�.�4Navalmovement ismeasured in termsofNavalMovementPoints(NMPs).NavalunitscanspendallorsomeoftheirprintedNMPallowanceeachphasetheymove.• NavalunitsusetheirNMPallowance(asshownonthebottom

right-handportionofeachnavalunit).



• Flotillaunitsusehexmovement.

a.ThereisonlyonetypeofNMPcost.ItcostsoneNMPforanavalunittoenteraseazonefromaportoranadjacentseazone.EachportonMapQisadjacenttoonlyoneseazone.

b. NMP costs:• Tomovefromoneseazonetoanadjacentseazone,cost1NMP• Toendmovementonanyall-seahexinthesameseazoneisno

NMPcost• Tomovefromporttoanadjacentseazone,costis1NMP• Toenter aporthexadjacent to the seazone there isnoNMP

cost

�.�5 Naval Unit Statusa.Onceanavalunitendsitsmovementphaseinafriendlyport,turnitovertoits“Sailed”side.SailednavalunitscannotmoveuntiltheychangetoReadystatus.

b. AnavalunitinSailedstatuscanprovideartillerysupport[PB8.6]andAAFire.

DESIGN NOTE: The reasons for availability for movement are not the same as the reasons for availability for fire support.

c.AnavalunitisnotturnedovertoSaileduntilitentersafriendlyport.

NOTE: Until it enters a friendly port it cannot re-load with ground units for naval transport [PB 8.5]; it cannot conduct Damage Repair [PB 8.35].

�.�� Shallow WaterCertain seaandcoastalhexesare speciallymarkedon thegamemapasShallowWater.

a. No naval movement or flotilla movement [PB 8.8] is allowed withintheareasmarkedasShallowWater.

b. The Sivash1.AxiscombatunitscanmoveandattackacrossSivashhexsidesunderthesamerestrictionsasmajorriverhexsides

2.Theyarelimitedtoonly2stackingpointsacrossanySivashhexsideperphase.

3.Anengineerunitmustoccupytheinitialhexatthebeginningofthatphase(itcanmoveawaylaterduringthesamemovementphase).The engineer can conduct this movement (or combat)by itself, and can support crossings across multiple qualifyingSivashhexsides.

4.IfawholehexisSivash(noland),nounitofanytypecanenterit,crossit,orattackacrossit.Sovietunitscannotcross.

NOTE: This is not naval transport.

DESIGN NOTE: The Germans would make use of assault boats to make such crossings. Assault boats were most often controlled by engineer units. The Soviets would use similar methods but note that there are no Soviet engineer units in this game.

c. Severnaya Bay. Germancombatunitscancrossthesehexsides(ontheSevastopolInset),inthesamemannerasSivash[PB8.26.b].This isallowedacrossanyof fourhexsides, from1427/1527to1626/1627.SovietunitscannotcrossexceptbyutilizingNavalTransportfromInsethex1527to1526orviceversa.TransportingnavalunitsaresubjecttoNavalMovementLoss.

d. Nonavalmovement(exceptfortransporttype)isallowedintheSea of Azov sea zone; flotilla movement is allowed.

e. Combining Games.ABridgeUnitcannotbeusedtocrossSivashorSevernayaBayhexside.

�.3 The Naval Movement and Shipping Attack Loss Tables�.3� General.a.Wheneveranavalunitstopsitsmovementforthecurrentphase(eitherbyenteringaportoranchorage,byremainingatseaor),andhasspentat leastoneNavalMovementPoint, resolve theNavalMovementLossTableforthatunit.Rollseparatelyforeachnavalunit.

EXAMPLE: A naval unit spends one NMP to enter the Kerch Sea Zone during the Soviet Motorized Movement Phase and stops there. It is subject to Naval Movement Loss Table results. Resolve the Table for it at the end of the phase and apply the results. During the next movement phase when it moves from Kerch Sea Zone to Feodosia port, it is again subject to Naval Movement Loss Table results upon arrival in the port because it spent one NMP to enter the Crimea Sea Zone. Note that here the Naval Movement Loss Table is resolved twice for the same unit. Results are cumulative.

b.CDartilleryunitscanalsoconductShippingAttackMissionsagainst any in-range naval or flotilla units in line of sight during theAxisCombatPhase.

1)CDArtilleryunitsconductingShippingAttackcannotpartici-pateinGroundCombat.

2) Each CD Artillery unit targets one naval or flotilla unit. If more thanoneCDunitispresent,someorallmaytargetthesameunit/flotilla, or different units/flotillas.

�.3�FindandthenusetheapplicablecolumnoftheNavalMove-mentorShippingAttackLossTable.

a. Naval Movement Loss Table1)Use theAir Interdiction column when theAxis player hasplacedanInterdictionLevelOnemarkerintheNavalMovementInterdictionBox[PB6.42];applya(+1)DRMforaLevelTwomarker.

2)UsetheCoastDefense(CD)ArtillerycolumnforallnavalunitsthateitherpasswithinrangeofatleastoneenemyCDunitany-whereonthewaytoadestinationhex[suchastheKerchStrait],orwherethedestinationhexisitselfinrangeofanenemyCDunit[suchaswhenstoppinginanall-seahextoprovideartillerysupporttoa(ground)combatunit].Applyanadditional(+1)DRMforeachadditionalCDartillerypoint(countsupportpoints,notunits) after the first point.

3)Ifboth(a)and(b)aboveapplythenusethe“Both”column,with DRMs as specified above.

4)Ifneither(a)or(b)aboveapply,thenusethe“RegularMove-ment”column.

b. Shipping Attack Loss Table1) Use the appropriate column for the target unit/flotilla. 2)RollseparatelyforeachCDunit.

�.33 Naval Movement Loss and Shipping Attack Table Resultsa. Naval Movement Loss Table

�5Crimea PLAYBOOK


1) Apply applicable DRMs to the die roll to obtain the final re-sult.

2)IftheonlyDRMisforStorm,nomorethanone(1)printedDamagePointcanbeappliedtothenavalunit.

3)If“Abort”istheresult,theownerchoosesto:• Returnthatnavalunit(andanytransportedunits)immediately

toitsdepartureport,or• Apply an additional one point of Damage [required for PB

8.23.b]andremainatthecurrentlocation(destinationportoratsea).

NOTE: When returning to port due to an Abort result, a naval unit may appear to need to spend NMPs to return to that port, but additional NMPs are not actually spent; the naval unit does not actually physically occupy the destination hex. It has turned back short of its destination, and the NMPs that would have been spent getting to the destination are spent returning to port. No additional NMPs are spent so the naval unit is not again subject to Naval Movement Loss Table results.

4)Anavalunitthatbeginsnavalmovementwhileinaseazonewillsubstitute“A”(Abort)resultsontheNavalMovementLossTablewithanadditionalone(1)DamagePoint.DonotapplytheAbort(thereisnoporttowhichthenavalunitcanreturn).

5)Whenever“Damage”istheresult,immediatelyapplytheindi-catednumberofDamagepoints.

b. Shipping Loss Table1)ApplyapplicableDRMstothedierolltoobtainthe final result.

2)IftwoormoreCDArtilleryunitstargetasinglenaval unit/flotilla, apply all numerical results to the target unit/flotilla.

8.34 Naval Unit Damagea.IfanavalunitreceivesDamagePointsfromShippingAttack[PB6.44.c]orNavalMovementLoss[PB8.33],applythelistednumberofDamagePointstothatnavalunit,nottoitspassengersortoanyother naval unit. Once a naval unit accumulates Damage Pointsgreaterthanitsprotectionrating,thatnavalunitissunk;placeitintheEliminatedBox.

b.AsunktransportunitisplacedinsteadintheCadreBoxwith3DamagePoints. Itcanreturn toplay if itpassesDamageRepairduring thenaval readinessphase.Once itpasses,place itwith2DamagePointsintheMapTHoldingBoxonitsSailedsideattheconclusionofthephase.

DESIGN NOTE: Soviet transport naval units are really groups of transport ships. A loss of individual ships could be replaced after a short organizational delay.

c.Passengergroundunitsarenotaffectedunless:

1)thenavalunitcarryingthemissunk.Ifthenavalunitissunk,placeitspassengersintheEliminatedBox.

2)The naval unit receives two or more Damage Points whiletransportingpassengergroundunits.ThetransportedpassengerunitseachreceiveaDoNotMove2Turnsmarker.

EXAMPLE 1: The Soviet “Komintern” naval unit (protection rating of 3) is sunk upon receiving its fourth Damage Point. Place it in the Eliminated Box. It cannot return to play.

EXAMPLE 2: The Soviet “Gp-A” transport naval unit (protection rating of 2) is sunk upon receiving its third Damage Point. Place it in the Cadre Box (since transports can be rebuilt) but any ground units it was transporting go to the Eliminated Box (since it was sunk).

d. RecordDamagebyuseofNumbermarkers.Placetheseonthefacsimileforthatnavalunit,asfoundontheNavalUnitsDamageBoxonthemap.

NOTE: As an alternative, players could place these directly on the naval unit but are cautioned that this would make for unwieldy stacks of game counters. Other alternatives: players might want to make unit hit rosters, or place the marker on the scenario Set Up Card.

e.NavalunitswithDamagecanstillchangetoReadystatusbutnotethe(+1)DRMfortheReadinessdieroll[PB8.13b].

f. AnavalunitwithDamagetotalinggreaterthanhalfitsprotectionratinglosesone(1)NMPandhalfofitssupportfactor(roundedup).Navaltransportcapacitydoesnotchange,regardlessofDamage.NavalunitswithAAretainAAregardlessofdamage.

8.35 Damage Repaira. DuringtheNavalReadinessPhase(oftheStrategicSegment)theSovietplayercanconductDamageRepaironeachofhisselectedSailednavalunitsandanyReadynavalunitwithDamage.ConductRepairafterReadiness

b. Procedure.TheSovietplayerrollsonedieforeachnavalunitwith Damage and applies pertinent DRMs from the Naval UnitReadinessandRepairChart.Iftheresultisequaltoorlessthanthenavalunit’sRecoveryRating,removeoneDamagePointfromthatnavalunit.NomorethanoneDamagePointcanberemovedperNavalReadinessPhaseforeachnavalunit.

c. ATransporttypenavalunitintheCadreBoxrequiresjustoneDamagePointtoberemoved(ofthethreepointsonit)inordertobemovedfromtheCadreBoxbackintoplay.PlaceitinMap-THoldingBoxonitsSailedsidewithtwoDamagePointsremaining.

�.4 Ports�.4�Everymajorcity,city,ortownfoundincoastalhexesisalsoaport,regardlessofitspreciselocationinthathex[thegraphicsymboldoesnothavetoactuallytouchthesea].Aportisalwaysadjacenttoaseazone,notactuallyinthatzone,andisalwaysadjacenttoonlyoneseazone.

�.4�Eachmajorportandminorporthasaspecialnavalholdingboxprintedonthegamemapnearit.Navalunitscanbestoredtherewheninport.Thisisthesameasbeinginthatportandisprovidedonlyasaconveniencetoreducestackingproblems.Anchoragesaresorestrictedthatfewnavalunitswillbefoundthere,sonoportboxisprovidedforthem.

�.43 Port Categories• Major Port:acoastalhexwithananchorsymbolwithinacircle.• Minor Port:acoastalhexwithananchorsymbol.• Anchorage:anycityortowninacoastalhexwithoutananchor

symbol.

�.44Thereisnolimittothenumberofnavalunitsofallowedtypesthatcanoccupyaport.Navalunitsarerestrictedtothetypeofporttheycanuse.SeethePortCharacteristicsChartforthetypesofnavalunitsallowedineachtypeofport.



�.45PortcapacityismeasuredintermsofNavalTransportPoints(NTPs).SeethePortCharacteristicsChartforthemaximumthatcanbebothloadedandunloadedonanyturnforeachtypeofport.ThenumberlistedontheChartisthetotalforbothloadingandunload-ing.Capacityusedforloadingcannotalsobeusedforunloadinginthesameplayerturn.

EXAMPLE: If capacity is 10 and 7 NTPs have unloaded, then a maximum of only 3 (10 – 7 = 3) can load in the same turn. Next turn another 10 NTPs can load or unload at that port.

�.4� Port General Supplya. AportprovidesGeneralSupplyforalimitednumberofstack-ingpointsofgroundunitsthatcantraceaSupplyLinetoit.AporttherebybecomesaSupplySource(althoughlimited).SeethePortCharacteristics Chart for General Supply capacity by port type.GeneralSupplycapacityisstatedintermsofStackingPoints.

b. Aportofanytype(andanchorage)providestwiceitsGeneralSupplycapacityifafriendly“Base”typeunitisonthatporthex.

NOTE: Normally, an unlimited number of units can trace a Supply Line off the edge of a game map but, nearly always, Soviet units on Map Q have no connection with the (north) edge of the game map, that being the connection with the rest of the Soviet Union. They are on a peninsula and thereby are cut off by water on all other sides. Furthermore, the north edge of Map Q is not a source of General Supply for Soviet units. So, they rely totally on port capacity to provide their General Supply. As the Axis player captures ports in Crimea, total available Soviet port capacity may become insuf-ficient to sustain all Soviet units. Players are cautioned to watch port capacities carefully.

The Axis player depends primarily on his land connection to the north edge of the game map for supply. The Supply Sources there provide unlimited General Supply to all units within range. Should Axis units be cut off from the map edge, they will likewise have to depend on the General Supply capacity of friendly ports.

c. Combining Games.TheAxis player is not allowed any portcapacity in the Black Sea until he controls Odessa (historically,GT59),andintheSeaofAzovuntilhecontrolsOdessa,Sevastopol,andKerch.

d. Aport(oranchorage)onShallowWaterdoesnotprovideanygeneralsupply(sinceitcannotfunctionasaport/anchorage)[ex-amples:hex3606,hex4703]

�.4� Soviet Naval Base Unitsa.TheSovietplayerhastwoNavalBaseunitsthatcanbeplacedonanySovietcontrolledporthex(maximumofonebaseunitperhex).

b. ASovietNavalBaseunitdoublestheportcapacityoftheplace-mentporthexontheGTfollowingplacement.

c. ASovietNavalBaseunitcannotbemovedbyroadorrailmove-ment.Itcanonlybetransportedorevacuatedbyseatransport[PB8.5].

�.4� Port Capacity Reduction.Reduceaport’sGeneralSupplycapacityasfollows:

a. IfaporthexiswithinaZoneofInterdiction,reducetheGeneralSupplycapacityforeachlevelofInterdictionbytheamountshownonthePortCharacteristicsChart.Sincethereareonlytwolevelsof

Interdiction,useeitherthelistedamountforLevel1ordoublethelistedamountforLevel2.

b.IfaporthexiswithinrangeofoneormoreenemyartilleryunitsinGeneralSupply,reduceGeneralSupplycapacitybyoneperartilleryfire support point, up to a maximum reduction of six for as long as theenemyunitsareinrange.

c. ForaporttohaveanyGeneralSupplycapacityatevenareducedratewhenenemycombatunitsareadjacent,afriendlygroundunit,combatornon-combat,isrequiredintheporthex.

d. Capacityreductioneffectsarecumulative.Capacityforanyportcannotbe reducedbelowzero.ABaseunit doubles thenetportGeneralSupplycapacityafterallreductionshavebeenmade.

EXAMPLE: A Soviet Base unit occupies Inset hex 1527 (Sevastopol major port). The printed port capacity is 30, but Axis artillery units with six support points are in range, reducing the capacity by 6 to 24, and the port is in a Level Two zone of interdiction, further reducing the capacity by 12, leaving remaining capacity at 12. The Base unit now doubles this capacity to 24.

�.49AportcapturedduringamovementorcombatphasecannotbeutilizedforNavalTransport,navalmovement,orGeneralSupplypurposesuntilthenextturn(notnextphase).

�.5 Naval Transport“Novorossiisk has been established as the basis for supplying Sevastopol… I ask Comrade Khrushchev to accelerate the supply of transports in Novorossisk.” —StavkatothecommandersoftheforcesoftheCrimea,16

November1941

�.5�NavalTransportoccursafterallothergroundmovementhasceasedforthatphase.• Loadingorunloadingofeligiblegroundunitsontoanavalunit

isnotgroundmovementandusesno(ground)movementpoints,however to perform NavalTransport in its entirety (loading,navalmovementandunloading)coststhetransportedgroundunit itsentiremovementallowance for thatmovementphase[8.54fandg].

• Motorizedandnon-motorizedunitsenteringaHoldingBoxasreinforcementsduringtheirrespectivemovementphasescanbenavaltransportedduringthemovementphaseofarrival.

�.5�Groundunitsarecarriedonlybynavalunitsthathavenavaltransportcapacity.Navalmovementofgroundunitsisalsolimitedbythecapacityofindividualports[PB8.45].

�.53 Naval Transport Unitsa.Allnavalunitscapableofperformingnavaltransporthavetransportcapacitymarkedonthem.Anavalunitcannotperformnavaltransportunlessithastransportcapacitygreaterthanzero.

b. Generally,onecapacitypointcarriesonestackingpointofgroundunits.Onecapacitypointonanavalunittransports:• Onenon-motorizedstackingpoint,or• OneHQ,or• OneSupplyPoint

c.Eachmotorizedstackingpoint(includingorangeMAartillery)requires two capacity points; therefore, each motorized stacking



pointrequiresanavalunithavingacapacityofatleasttwopoints.Naval units cannot combine to carry ground units; a sufficiently largenavalunitisrequired.

d.Non-Transportable:• ArmoredTrain• CDArtillery• RailroadArtillery• Super-Heavyartillery

NOTE: Replacements Points (RPs) cannot be transported but So-viet “Zap” or tried militia units can be transported. Tried Militia units can be converted to RPs at any time when located on a city, major city or anchorage, and then spent at the end of that turn to restore lost unit steps [BSR 7.22b]. Transported Zap units are used normally [BSR 7.22c].

�.54 Naval Transport Procedurea. Eligiblegroundunits(thosethatcanmovethismovementphase)andthenavalunitstotransportthemmustbegintogetheronanon-mapportorintheSevastopolorMap-THoldingBox.

UnitsallowedtoLoad:Motorized Movement Phase

• Motorizedunits • Non-Motorizedunitsactivatedbyanin-rangeHQforport-to-

portnavaltransport.PlaceActivatedmarker. • Infantry, Mountain Infantry, Parachute, and non-Motorized

EngineerunitsactivatedforAmphibiousAssault.Movement Phase• Motorizedunits• Non-Motorizedunits

b. Placethegroundunitseitherunderneaththenavalunitoronthenavalunit’sfacsimileontheNavalUnitsBox.

c.PerformNavalMovement[PB8.23]forall transportingnavalunitstobemovedthisphase.EachnavalunitspendsitsNMPstoendNavalMovementateither:• afriendlydestinationport(placeitintheportbox);or• itremainsatseainaseazoneifitcannotreachafriendlydestina-

tionport;or• itisplacedforAmphibiousAssault[PB8.7]• alltransportedgroundunitshavenoAAcapability.

d. ResolvetheNavalMovementLossTable[PB8.3]afterhavingmovedalldesirednavalunits.

NOTE: After conducting Amphibious Assault during the motorized movement phase the naval unit might return to port. It would do so during the movement phase. If that port is adjacent to the same sea zone, no NMPs are spent, so do not resolve the Naval Movement Loss Table for that unit.

e. Unloading.Place the transportedgroundunitson themaponthedestinationporthex,uptostackinglimitsandaccordingtothatport’sunloadingcapacity[PB8.45and8.46;andseePortCharac-teristicsChart].

f.Anytransportedgroundunitthatwouldexceedstackinglimitsortheunloadingcapacityoftheport,insteadremainsonthetrans-portingnavalunituntil thenext friendlymovementphasewhen

capacity opens again and cannot expend MPs in the movementphaseunloaded.

g.GroundunitsthathaveconductednavaltransportcannotexpendanyMPsduringthatmovementphasetheyareunloaded.UnloadedZapunitscanbeusedtostrengthenreducedunitsinthedestinationporthex[7.22c.2].SuchstrengthenedunitsassumeanyDoNotMovemarkercarriedbytheZAPunitusedtostrengthenthem.

h. MSUsandDumpsstillloadedonnavalunitsarenoteligibletobeusedbygroundunits.Onceunloaded(ontotheporthex)thesecanbespentinthenextphaseofthesameSegmenttoprovideAt-tackSupply.

i. Non-Motorizedunitsactivatedforport-to-porttransportduringthe Motorized Movement Phase [8.54a] may unload during theMovementPhasebutcannotmove[8.54g].

�.55 Evacuationa.DuringanyfriendlymovementphasetheSovietplayercandeclareEvacuationproceduretobeginatanyfriendlyport.

Exception:Evacuationcannotbedeclaredforaholdingbox.

b.Evacuationtakeseffectwhenthedeclarationismade.PlaceanEvacuationmarkeronallportswhereEvacuationisdeclared.Re-movethismarkerduringtheGameTurnInterphaseoftheturnofcompletionofEvacuation.EvacuationiscompleteeitherwhentheSovietplayerdeclaresittobecompleteorwhenanAxiscombatunitentersthehex.

c.WhileanEvacuationmarkerisonaport:• Doubletheloadingcapacityofthatport[Computecapacityafter

reduction;seePB8.47].• Thatportcannotunload(itonlyloads).• Theport’sGeneralSupplycapacityiszero(0)untiltheEvacuation

markerisremoved.• AnynavalunitarrivingtheredoesnotchangetoSailedmode;it

remainsinReadymode.• GroundunitsdonothavetostartintheEvacuationhexinorderto

loadontonavalunitsthatwilltransportthem.TheycanconductregulargroundmovementtotheEvacuationportandloadandleave,allinthesamephase.

d. AllgroundunitsthatconductEvacuationreceivea“DoNotMove2GTs”markerimmediatelyuponloadingontoanavalunit.Thetwo-GTperiodforremovalbeginstheturntheunit lands.NavalunitsarenotaffectedbytheDoNotMovemarker.

EXAMPLE: The 1330 Regiment evacuates during GT 59 to hex 1426. A Do Not Move 2 Game Turns marker is placed on it immediately upon landing. During the Soviet engineering phase of GT 59, the marker is changed to a Do Not Move 1 Game Turn. At the end of GT 60 the Do Not Move marker is removed and the unit is free to move on GT 61.

e.AnyHQthatconductsEvacuationisturnedovertoitsNon-Opstatusimmediatelyuponbeingloadedontoanavalunit.Itcanbe-ginrecoverytoOperationalstatusonlywhileonland.Aslongasitisonanavalunit,itsNon-Opstatushasnoeffectonotherlandornavalunits.DESIGN NOTE: Historically, the Soviets organized the evacuation at Odessa carefully because they could not risk a repetition of the disastrous Tallinn evacuation during August where Soviet personnel and merchant ship losses were enormous.



�.� Naval Artillery Support�.�� At Sea Naval Artillery Supporta.AnavalunitwithartillerysupportstrengthcancontributethatsupportstrengthtoaDeclaredAttack,whetheraregular(ground)combatorAmphibiousAssaultcombat[PB8.7].Todoso,thenavalunitendsmovementonanall-seahexinrangeoftheDefenderHex.WhileatseaonlyonenavalunitcansupportanysingleDeclaredAttack,althoughitcancombinewithartilleryonlandifwithinCom-mandRangeofafriendlyHQwhencombiningwithothergroundartilleryinthesamecombat(allusingthesameHQ).

b.Atseanavalunitscannotbeusedtoprovidedefensiveartillerysupport.

c.AnyatseanavalunitsprovidingsupportstrengthtoaDeclaredAttackmustreturntoportduringtheSovietMovementPhaseafterprovidingthesupport.

�.��NavalunitsinportcancombineandcounttowardtheartilleryunitandstrengthlimitationsperDeclaredAttack.

a.NavalunitsdonothavetobestackedwithanHQtocontributetheirartillerysupportstrengthtoaDeclared(ground)Attack,butmustbewithinCommandRangeofafriendlyHQwhencombin-ingwithotherartillery(navalorground)inthesamecombat(allusing thesameHQ).Thefourartilleryunitmaximumapplies toeachDeclaredAttack.

b. Asinglein-portnavalunitcanconductSupportwithoutthepres-enceofanHQwithinCommandRangeifitistheonlyunit(navalorland)providingartillerysupporttothatcombat.

�.�3 Naval units in port can also combine to conduct defensive fire supportfollowingtheprovisionsof8.62above.

DESIGN NOTE: At both Odessa and Sevastopol Soviet ships were included under a well organized and centrally directed artillery system of observed fire control. Outside of this control they could not respond in a timely manner to enemy actions.

�.� Amphibious AssaultAmphibiousAssault is theprocedurebywhichcombatunitscanattackacoastalhexfromanadjacentall-seahex.

�.��Eachparticipatingcombatunitstartsinaportwithanavalunitwith sufficient capacity and is carried by naval transport procedure to thedesiredall-seahexofplacementforAmphibiousAssaultagainstanadjacentcoastalhex.

�.�� SovietAmphibiousAssault combat takes place only in thecombatphase;navalmovementforplacementoccursintheSovietMotorizedMovementPhase.

�.�3 Unit Limitationsa.OnlythefollowingcombatunitscanconductAmphibiousAs-sault:• Infantry• MountainInfantry• Airborne• Engineer(non-motorized)

b.AllparticipatingSovietcombatunits(onmaporintheMap-THoldingBox)areActivated[BSR10.24.c]butdonotrequireanHQforthisactivation.PlaceanActivatedmarkeroneach.

DESIGN NOTE: Combat units are being activated by a Front level HQ (or higher) and are not bound by the restrictions for Soviet Army HQs.

c. UnitsleavingaportduetoEvacuation[PB8.55]cannotbeusedforAmphibiousAssaultinthesameturn.

d.CombatunitsmakingAmphibiousAssaultdonotrequireAttackSupply,arenotAAcapableandarenotsubjecttoSovietSurrender[BSR21.0]duringtheturnofAmphibiousAssault.

NOTE: Starting the turn after landing, the very next supply determi-nation phase, these units are required to trace General and Attack supply normally. Units that cannot trace LOC to a friendly port or the Ice Bridge must make Surrender die rolls [PB 7.6] if adjacent to Axis units.

�.�3 Placement Limitationsa. Onlyonecombatunitperphasecanbeplacedinasingleall-seahexforAmphibiousAssault[duetopoorcommandcontrol].

b. Placementonacoastalhexisnotallowed.

c.CoastalhexeswhicharetheobjectofanAmphibiousAssaultcanbeeitheroccupiedorunoccupied.Enemyreactionmovementispro-hibitedintoanunoccupiedcoastalhexunderAmphibiousAssault.

NOTE: Amphibious Assault can be used to place a unit in a coastal hex that is already occupied by another friendly unit.

d.Fromtheall-seaplacementhexeachcombatunitcanattackanyoneadjacentcoastalhex.Itcannotattacktwoormorecoastalhexesinasinglecombat.Combatunitsinmorethanoneall-seahexcancombinetoattackthesamecoastalhex,butallmustbeadjacenttothatcoastalDefenderHex.

e.AmphibiousAssaultcannotbeconductedbyleavingtherequirednavalunitsinport;theymustbeatsea.

�.�4 Amphibious Assault Procedurea. Movement:Moveeligibleunitsonthetransportingnavalunitsbynavaltransportprocedure[PB8.54]fromdepartureports.Endmovementinanall-seahexoppositeacoastalhexduringthemotor-izedmovementphase.AllnavaltransportmovementissubjecttoNavalMovementLossTableresults.

b. Combat:Theunitsintheall-seahexdeclareanattackagainstasingleadjacentcoastalhex.Theyignoreotheradjacenthexesoc-cupiedbyenemycombatunits.Theycanparticipateinanattackcombinedwithotherunitsalreadyonland.

NOTE: An enemy unit in an adjacent coastal hex does not project its ZOC through the all-sea hexside between its coastal hex and the all sea hex occupied by the Amphibious Assault units.

c. Amphibious Assault Combat Procedure1.UnitsconductinganAmphibiousAssaultignoreretreatcombatresults.NoRetreatorAdditionalRetreatordersarenotallowed.

2.AmphibiousAssaultUnitsmustadvanceaftercombat if thecoastalhexbecomesvacant.

3.Ifcombatresultsdonotclearthecoastalhexofenemycom-bat units, surviving attackinggroundunits and thenaval unitstransportingthemremain“atsea”intheall-seahexadjacentto

�9Crimea PLAYBOOK


thecoastalhex.TheycanconductAmphibiousAssaultagainstthehexnextturn(ifthenavalunitsdonotmove)withoutagainresolvingtheNavalMovementLossTable,orcanmoveaway(bynavalmovement)duringtheirnextmovementphase(andmightbesubjecttoNavalMovementLossTableresults).

4.Whileon theall-seahex theycannotbeattackedbyenemygroundunitsonthecoastalhexexceptforinrangeCDArtilleryunitsparticipatinginaShippingAttack.

5.FlotillascanalsobeincludedinthecombatandcanadvanceaftercombatontoavacatedcoastalDefenderHex.

6.Groundunits that have conductedAmphibiousAssault can-notconductmovementfortherestoftheturn(or2turnsiftheirtransportingunithas received twoormoredamagepoints [PB8.34c.2]).

d. AmphibiousAssaultunitscanmakeaDeclaredAttackagainstanunoccupiedcoastalhex,ignoringotheradjacentcoastalhexes.Combatprocedureisnotfollowedsincethereisnoactualattack[thehexisvacant].Alloftheseunitsmustadvanceaftercombatontothevacantcoastalhex.

�.�5AnMSU(notaDump)canbecarriedbyatransportnavalunittoacoasthexoccupiedbyafriendlycombatunitorsupplyunit.

a.ItmovesontothecoastalhexduringthecombatphaseasthoughitwereacombatunitmakinganAmphibiousAssault.Itcanaccom-panyothercombatunitscurrentlymakinganAmphibiousAssaultandcanprovidecombatsupplyonceithaslanded,andduringthesamephaseitlands.

b. Oncelanded,anMSUcanalsobeexpendedduringtheSupplyDeterminationPhasetoplaceSovietunitsinGeneralSupply[BSR6.53],butcannotpreventSurrenderdierollsforSovietunitsunabletotraceLOCtoaport.

8.76 Coast Defense (CD) Artillery Effectsa.DuringnavalmovementCDartillerycausesaDRMontheNavalMovementLossTableifthatnavalunit,atanypointinitsnavalmovement,eitherpasses[PB8.32b]orendswithinrangeofanenemyCDunit.

NOTE: Where the Odessa and Sevastopol Sea Zones join (near hex 2517) is not intended to force CD effects. The area is constrained by the need to fit the Inset map onto the game map. Naval units move by this area without CD effects, unless conducting amphibious assault within range of coast defense artillery.

1. During naval movement the final hex of Amphibious Assault navalmovementbecomesthenavaltargethexforallCDunitsinrangeofthathex.ACDunitcanaffectmorethanonenavaltargethexperturn[sinceitaffectsallthatarewithinrange].DesignatethoseCDunitsthatwillapplytheirsupportstrengthateachnavaltargethexforpurposesofNavalMovementLossTable.

EXAMPLE: The Soviet player makes an Amphibious Assault against two different target hexes in range of a single Axis CD unit. The Axis CD unit has the range to reach both naval target hexes. It can be used against both of the two naval target hexes for purposes of determining Naval Movement Loss Table results.

2.Totalthesupportstrengthsofallin-rangeCDunits.CDunitscannot fire at naval target hexes through any all-land hexsides or morethanonecoastal(part-landandpart-sea)hexside.

3.ThesupportstrengthsofallCDunitsinaDefenderHexaredoubledagainsteachnavaltargethex.

4.ThetotalobtainedistheCDartillerypointstrengthtoapplyasaDRMontheNavalMovementLossTable.

NOTE: A CD unit can be counted twice if it is adjacent to two naval target hexes.

b. DuringcombatthesameCDunitcanapplyitsartillerysupportstrengthononeDefenderHex.ApplyeachCDunit’ssupportstrengthtojustonedefendingcoastalhex,notallthatareinrange.Nodou-blingoccursforcombat[DoublingappliesonlytoDRMcomputationontheNavalMovementLossTable;PB8.76a3].

c.AllCDunitsofbothplayersalwaysapplytheirCDeffectsagainstnavalmovement,regardlessoftheirsupplystatus.SovietCDunitsalwayshaveattacksupply,regardlessofitsfunction,andregard-lessofASPavailability.Axisunits are subject tonormal supplyrestrictions.

�.� Flotillas [AdditiontoBSR23.3]�.��Flotillaunitsarelandcombatunitsbuthavespecialmovementcapabilitiesandrestrictions.

�.��Flotillaunitscanmoveuptosixteenhexesinbothfriendlyregularmovementandfriendlymotorizedmovementphases.Theydonotmoveduringthereactionmovementphase[sincetheywerenottiedintotheHQcommunicationssystem].

�.�3Flotillaunitscanmoveonanyhexthatincludesmajorriverhexside,anycoastalhex,andall-seahexes.TheycannotmoveontoShallowWaterhexes[PB8.26a].

�.�4 Flotillas in Combata. A flotilla unit can always participate in (ground) combat, but cannotattackduringaStormturn. IfStormweatheroccurs,anyFlotillaunitonaseaorcoastalhexispickedup(duringtheweatherdeterminationphase)andplacedatthenearestfriendlyportwithinitsmovementallowance.Ifthereisnosuchfriendlyport,theunitisnotrepositioned.Ineithercase,itremainsstationaryfortheremainderoftheturn(butcanretreataftercombat).Flotillaunitsonlandhexesadjacenttoariverhexsidearenotrepositioned.

b. When alone in a hex a flotilla unit cannot receive defensive artil-lerysupport.Itcanreceiveoffensiveartillerysupportifattackingalone.

c.Flotillascanretreattoanall-seahex.

�.�5FlotillaunitsaresubjecttotheNavalMovementLossTableonly when conducting Flotilla movement in an all-sea hex (anynumberofthese)inaseazoneorwithinrangeofanenemycoastdefense artillery unit. A flotilla unit is sunk (to Eliminated Box) if itsuffersthreeormoreDamagePoints.Placeanumbermarkeronthe Flotilla to show points of Damage already inflicted. Flotilla units mayalsoberemovedfromplaynormallytosatisfysteplossesiftheyparticipateinamphibiousassaultsorcombat.

�.��Flotillaunitsdonot requireAttackSupplyorGeneralSup-ply.



9.0 How to Set Up a Scenario“[The] next task [is] to occupy the Crimean peninsula, which is particularly dangerous as an enemy airbase against the Romanian oilfields.”—SupplementtoHitler’sDirective#34,dated12August1941

Followthesequencebelow:

9.� Go to the Scenario selected.9.��Eachscenariobeginsbydesignating:• TheScenarioCardortheMaptouse• TheSovietandAxisSetUpCardstoselectifMapQisused• Scenariounits

9.��Usethefollowingchartsandcardsforallscenarios:• SovietandAxisAirUnitStatus/UnitRebuildingCards• Thetwo11x17ChartCards

UsetheTurnRecordTrackandotherplayeraidcardsasrequired.

9.� Set up and align those maps and charts that will lie flat.9.3 Place markers on the chartsa. VP Markers. Place both markers on the specified box of the VictoryPointTrack(locatedontheAxisAirUnitStatus/UnitRe-buildingCard).

b. Soviet and Axis Armor/Artillery loss markers.PlacetheseintheZeroboxesoftheirrespectiveLoss/ReplacementTracks(locatedontheSovietandAxisAirUnitStatus/UnitRebuildingCards)unlessspecified otherwise in scenario instructions.

c.PlacetheSovietandAxisReplacementsmarkersintheSovietandAxisLoss/ReplacementTracksintheZeroboxunlessscenarioinstructionsdesignateotherwise.

d. RefertotheTurnRecordTrackCodesbesidetheTurnRecordTrack.Place theTurnmarker in thebeginningTurnBox for thescenariobeingplayed.

9.4 Place Scenario units9.4�Place theground,naval,andairunitson theSet-UpCards.Boxesforunitssettingupontheirreversesidesaremarkedwithablacktriangle.Aboxwithablacktriangleindicatesthataunitisplacedonitsreversesidebecause:

a.Itisatreducedstrength.b.ItisaNon-OpSovietHQ.c.Itisastrongpointunderconstruction.d. ItisanMSUplacedonitsDumpside.e.ItisanUntriedunit.

9.4� Super Heavy Artillery.ForAtStartplacementtheAxisplayeralwayshastheoptionofwhethertoplacetheseunitsinMobileorFiring mode unless the mode is specified in the set up.

9.43PlaceStepLoss,Garrison,EmergencySupply,OutofSupply,orInterdictionLevelmarkersonthoseunitsthatSet-UporScenarioCards specify should receive them.Be sure to check the supplystatusofallunitsplacedAtStart,andthenproperlymarkasOutofSupplythosethatcannottraceasupplyline

9.5 Transfer At-Start Units9.5�MovetheAtStartairunitstotheirappropriateboxesontheAirUnitStatuscharts.

9.5�PlacetheAtStartgroundunitsonindicatedmaphexes.

9.53PlaceallRailhead,Railcut,StepLoss,andStrongpointmarkers(andthoseinPB9.43)onthemaphexesdesignatedbytheSet-Upcards.

9.54 Weather Tables.TheWeatherTablesonScenariocardsapplytoscenariomapareasandMap-THoldingBox,ifapplicable.WeatherTableforScenarios3,4and5applytoMapQplustheSevastopolInsetMapandmap-THoldingBox.Playersmayusehistoricweatherforanyscenariobymutualagreement.

9.� Begin PlayGototheexpandedsequenceofplayonthebackcoverofthisPlayBookandbeginplay.

�0.0 SCENARIOS�0.� Scenario �: The Tartar DitchHistorical Summary Asearlyas12August1941Hitlerorderedhis11thArmytoprepareforanoperationtocleartheCrimeainaswiftcampaign,andthenquicklyjumpeastacrosstheKerchStraitsintotheKubanregionto threaten the Soviet Caucasian oilfields. Not seen in Berlin was that the Soviets had heavily fortified and garrisoned the Perekop Isthmus,thegatewayintoCrimea.Thepositiondrewitsstrengthfromitsnarrowness(only5mileswide)andthefactthattheterrainofferednonaturalcoverforattackers.Inadditiontorecentstrongfield defenses, the isthmus was covered by the Tartar Ditch, a five hundredyearoldearthwork,40to50feethighanddeep,thatstillbarredthewholeoftheisthmus.BehindthesedefensessatSoviet51IndependentArmyofsevendivisions,commandedbyCol.Gen.F.I.Kuznetsov,recentlyremovedfromhispositionssuccessivelyascommanderofNorthwesternFrontandCentralFront,anunluckycommander during this first year of war (he later commanded another army,the61st,andsurvivedthewar).

Against this position were arrayed parts of German 11thArmy,nowledbyGen.ErichvonManstein.The11thArmyhadalsotofacemajorSovietforcestotheeastandthisleftonlyits54thCorpsofthreereinforceddivisions,Gen.ErichHansencommanding,tobreak the isthmus position. For this they benefited from generous artillerysupportbuttheplannedfollow-onforcesweredrawnawayby renewed fighting to the northeast [see the Kiev to Rostov game] andammunitionwasinshortsupply.

Sovietcommandsurrenderedtheinitiativefromthebeginning,al-lowingtheGermansanearlystartbyclearingSoviettroopsof156Rifle Division entrenched in the approaches to the isthmus position. Thenon24SeptemberthemainGermanattackbegan.ThreedaysofintensiveassaultgotthemacrosstheTartarDitchandthroughmuchofthe10miledeepdefensezone.OnlythendidKuznetsovstrikeback, adding two cavalry divisions and tanks to the defending rifle divisions.BythentheGermanswerereadyandtheyeasilyshattered



theSovietattack.TheGermanadvancethenresumed,drivingtotheIshunIsthmusarea,butthecombinationofheavycasualtieshereandSovietattacksfromthenortheast(offthisgamemap)againstGerman11thArmyforcedacompletehaltin54thCorps’drivesouth.Kuznetsov’stroopsgotaneededbreak.

The Germans claimed a possibly exaggerated 10,000 prisoners,112 tanks, and 135 guns as booty, yet they unquestionably wonavictory.TheSovietsshowedtheywereslowtoreacttoGermanmovesandthattheycouldnotholdeventheseexcellentdefensivepositions.TheGermanswerenowwellpositionedforadecisiveoffensiveintoCrimea.

Required:• ScenarioCard#1Front• Unitsused:ListedonScenarioCard#1Front

�0.�� Scenario Length.Therearefourturns.StartwithGT48andendwithGT51.Usehistoricalweather(Dry)forallturns.

�0.�� Scenario Area.UsemaponScenarioCardOnefront

�0.�3 Placementa. The Soviet player sets up first.b.ResolveAirReadinessbeginningGT49.

�0.�4 Scenario Special Rulesa.Exception toBSR22.26aandb(HQRecoveryandVoluntaryNon-OpHQDisbandment):The51HQcannotbedisbandedatanytimeinthescenario,andcannotrollforrecoveryonGT48.

DESIGN NOTE: Extremely poor Soviet command and control was a major factor in the loss of the outstanding Perekop defensive position.

b.BothsidesareinGeneralSupplyfortheentirescenario.MSUsandDumpsarenotused.TheAxisplayerdisregardsAttackSupplyrestrictionsforGTs48through50;onGT51hehasnoAttackSupply.TheSovietplayerisinAttackSupplyfortheentirescenario.

c.NeithersidereceivesreplacementsornewStrongpoints.

d.NoRailmovementisallowed.

�0.�5 Victory Conditionsa.TheAxisplayerwinsifhecapturesandholdsbytheendofthescenarioallofthefollowinghexes:3606,3705,3708,and3808andloses five or fewer steps.

b.TheSovietplayerwinsifheavoidsAxisvictoryconditions,orifthe Axis player loses more than five steps regardless of the number ofhexestaken.

Historic result: Soviet Victory. Hansen’s Corps was unable to take the fortified positions in hexes 3708 and 3808.

�0.�� Play Notes.TheburdenisontheAxisplayertowinthisonebecause of the superior Axis forces available. The first task is to completelyclearthetwoPerekophexes(3606and3705).ThesafeststrategyistoamassoverwhelmingstrengthononehexatatimetolimitpotentialAxislossesandmaximizeSovietlosses,butitmaynotbethebeststrategy.OnlywhenbothhexesareclearedwillAxisforcesbeabletospreadouttoattrittheSovietforcesbeforemakingattacks to seize the final objective hexes. If you take two turns to clearhexes3606and3705,theastuteSovietplayercanleavebehindabareminimumofblockingunitstoinsurethattheAxisforceswillonlybeabletoattackhexes3708and3808onGT51whenthere

isnoAxisAttackSupply.Perhapsbettertoriskearlysteplossestohave two turns to force the Soviet player to sacrifice units in front ofhexes3708and3808.TheSovietsneedtobeweakenedenoughtoallowsuccessfulattacksonGT51withoutAttackSupply.TheSoviet player should be prepared to sacrifice all of the units in the two Perekop fortified hexes to keep the Axis forces bottled up for twoturns–orlongerifatallpossible.WithaNon-Op51ArmyHQ,movingyourunitsup(orback)willbechallenging,butremember,yourcavalrydivisionscanbemovedintheMotorizedMovementPhase,allowingyoutomovetwounitsperturn.Additionally,your3rdCrimeanDNODivisionstartsoutsideoftheNon-Op51ArmyHQcommandrange,soitcanmakeonefullmovementnormallyintothatcommandrangeinadditiontothelimitedmovementforunitsbeginninginsidethecommandrange.Themostcrucialtaskwillbeto deploy the minimum number of units to shield the final objective hexes while retaining sufficient strength to defend effectively on GT 51.Thiswillrequireskill.

LEARNING SCENARIO COMBAT TUTORIALSituation:ItisGT48ofthescenarioandpositionsonthetutorialmapshowAxisandSovietunitsatthecompletionoftheAxisMove-mentPhase.TheAxisplayermakesattackdeclarationsforhexes3606and3705.NormallyDeclaredAttackmarkerswouldbeplacedonbothhexes,butareomittedtobetterseethedefendingunits.

ThereisnoSovietReaction.ThecommandrangefortheNon-OpSoviet51stArmyHQmakesreactionimpossible,andtheonlymo-torizedunit(5th(+)TankRegiment)isalreadyinanAxisZOC.

AXIS COMBAT PHASE�) CAS Missions (Axis Placement).TheAxisplayerhasdecidedtoattackhex3606 instrengthandplaces the followingairunitsfacedownonthathex:oneBF109E,oneBF109GandoneJu87.The Ju87s are vulnerable to fighters, but are better able to pass AA die rolls, and have a CAS rating of 2 – thus the maximum fighter protection.TheAxisplayeralsorunsaCASmissionindefenderhex3705andplacesoneJu88,oneHE111andonedummyairunitinthehextomakebothhexesappeartohaveanequalnumberofairunits.



�) CAS Missions (Soviet Response).TheSovietplayersuspectsthemainattackwillfallonhex3606,andplacesthefollowingairunitsonthehex:oneMiG3,oneI-153andoneDB3bomber.Heishoping that there is only one Axis fighter, and that if he gains the initiative,hecanattackamissionairunit(hopefullyaJu87)withhis best fighters.

He places his remaining two air units (one I-16 fighter and one DB3 bomber)onhex3705.

3) Air Combat:a. Hex 3�0�.TheAxisplay-errevealshisairunits,andsincethisisaCASmission,does not need to declarewhether his fighter unitsare firing or mission units – they can only be firing units.TheAxisplayerrollsthedieforAirInitiativeandobtainsa3–AxisInitiative.The Axis player ordershis firing units against the Soviet firing units – Bf109F vs MiG3 and BF109E vs I-153. Since all firing units are engaged, the mission units are not part of the aircombat.TheAxisplayerhopestominimizeanydamagetohisfighters while retaining a good possibility of destroying or damaging both Soviet fighters. The Soviets fare poorly in both combats. The I-153unitisdestroyedandtheMiG3unitisdamaged,butneitherroll well enough to damage or destroy the Axis fighters. The Soviet playermighthavedonebetterbyavoidingaircombat.OnGT49theAxisplayerwillbeabletoutilizebothJU87unitsbecausehewillbe able to adequately protect both with his fighter units.

b. Hex 3�05.TheAxisairunitsareturnedoverandtheDummy unit is removed.The initiative die roll is9,so theSovietplayeror-derscombat,attacking theHE111 bomber unit androllingwellenoughtoforceittoabort.

4) AA Fire. In both De-clared Combats each sidehasaninfantrydivisioninoradjacent to themissionhex,sobothsidesmakeAAdierolls.NeithersidehasanyAAunitsorin-rangeOperationalHQs,sothereareno+DRMstothedierolls.TheJu87hasa–1DRM.

Mission hex 3606 Die Roll Result Ju87(Axis) 4(–1)=3 Noeffect DB3(Soviet) 10 Damaged

TheonlyremainingDRMisthe–2fortheJu87sincetheDB3wasdamagedandplacedintheDamagedBox.

Mission hex 3705 Die Roll Result Ju88(Axis) 10 Damaged DB3(Soviet) 9 Aborted

TherearenoDRMstoapply.TheDB3wasabortedandplacedintheFlownBox.,andthedamagedJu88wasplacedinthedamagedBox.

5) Odds.a. Hex 3�0�. TheAxisplayerattackswiththefollowinggroundunits:

Unit Hex Attack Strength 73Div 3505 8 190AGBn 3505 2 SSLAHRecon 3505 2 46Div 3605 8 ________________________________________ Total �0

Unit Hex Support Strength 49ArtyRgt 3405 3 I-814S-HArty 3503 2 641S-HArty 3504 2________________________________________ Total �

Allartilleryisinrangeofhex3606.TheSuper-HeavyArtillerycanparticipate because undestroyed fortifications are present in the hex. Theoretically,uptofourin-rangeartilleryunitsandfouradditionalin-rangeSuper-Heavyartilleryunitscouldparticipatesolongasthesupportstrengthdoesnotexceedattackstrength.

Totalattackstrength=27points

b. Hex 3�0�. Soviet defender strength. Unit Hex Defense Strength 106Div 3606 4 5(+)TankRgt 3606 1 ________________________________________ Total 5

Unit Hex Support Strength 52ArtyRgt 3706 1 ________________________________________ Total 1

Totaldefensestrength=6pointsBasicodds:27to6=4to1

6) Die Roll Modifiers Soviet Undestroyed Fortified Line +1 SovietUndestroyedStrongpoint +1 AxisS-HArty* –2 CAS(Ju87) –2 NetDRM –2

* Each S-H artillery unit is able to offset the +1 DRM of one of the undestroyed fortifications.

TheSovietplayerwouldreallyliketoissueanAdditionalRetreatordertothishex,butcannotbecausehisHQisNon-Op.TheAxisplayer gains no benefit by issuing an order, so does not.

�) Combat Resolution. The die roll is 5 (modified to 3 by the –2 DRM).TheAxisplayerconsultsthe4–1columnoftheCombatRe-sultsTable.Theresultis2R.TheSovietdefendersinhex3606mustlosetwostepsandretreattwohexes.TheSovietplayerdoesnotseemuchopportunityforattacking,soremovestheonestep5(+)Tank

Hex 3606

Hex 3705

�3Crimea PLAYBOOK


Rgtandreducesthe106Divbyonestepandretreatsthereduceddivisiontohex3707.TheAxisplayerelectstoadvanceonlythe73Div into hex 3606. The first Declared Combat is concluded.

8) Second Declared Combat in hex 3705.Thesamesequenceisfollowedforthesecondattack.Thisisamuchsmallerdiversionaryattackconductedbecausethe271SovietDivisionexertsaZOCintothehexoccupiedbytheGerman46Divisionandmustbeattackedifthe46Divisitselfattacking.

a.Theopposingstrengthsare4to4=1to1odds.

b. The Soviets also have a +2 DRM for an undestroyed Fortified LineandStrongpoint,andtheAxisattackerscanonlyoffsetwitha –1 DRM for an Engineer effects attacking undestroyed fortifica-tions.TherearenoairDRMs.

c.TheSovietplayerwould like to issueNoRetreatorders forthiscombat,butagaincannot.TheAxisplayer,however,seesthepossibility of significant step losses, so issues Additional Retreat orderstotheattackers.

9) Combat resolution. The attacker die roll is 10, modified to 11 by the+1DRM.Theattackerisrequiredtolosetwosteps,butthelossisreducedtoonestepbytheAdditionalRetreatorders.TheSovietssuffernoloss.Becauseengineereffectswereemployed,theymustlosethestep.Theengineerunitisturnedtoitsreducedside.Theattackersmustretreatthreehexes,andtheSovietplayerchoosestheretreatpaths.Bothunitsareretreatedtohex3702.Combatends.

End of GT 48 Axis Combat Phase

AXIS MOTORIZED MOVEMENT PHASE:TheAxisplayercouldmoveboththe190AssaultGunandSSLAHReconunitsupto½oftheirrespectiveMAs,butpreferstokeepthemwheretheyaretoserve,ifneeded,asReactionunitsduringtheSovietCombatPhase.

AXIS ENGINEERING PHASE:1) The 73 Division occupies hex 3606. Being a division, it hasthe engineering capability to destroy Fortified Lines and remove Strongpoints.Itdoessonow.TheSovietStrongpointisremovedand

a Fortified Line Destroyed marker is placed in hex 3606. On future turnstheAxisplayerwillbeabletotracesupply,useroadmovemtnand convert rail hexes through hex 3606 now that the Fortified Line isdestroyedandtheStrongpointhasbeenremoved.

2)TheAxisplayerchoosestoleavebothS-HartilleryunitsontheirFiredsidesinsteadofturningthemtotheirmobilesides.Bothwillbeneededthenextturntoassistintheattackagainsthex3705

SOVIET OPTIONS: Counter attack:averybadidea.Youwillnotgenerateanythingapproaching favorable odds, theAxis player will generate a +1DRMbyissuingNoRetreatorders,andthere isanotherJu87intheReadyBoxwaitingtoaddits+2DRMwithouthavingtoworryabout Soviet fighter interception.

Defend forward:notagoodideaeither.Otherthanthedoomed271Divisioninhex3705,youhavenodefensiveterrainfor+DRMsifattacked.Youcan’tissueAdditionalRetreatorders.YouareplayingintoAxisstrengthandwilllosemultiplestepsfornoappreciablegain.

Falling back and delaying:Yourbestchance.Retreatyourcav-alryandartilleryfromhex3706backtotheStrongpointsinfrontof Ishun.Leave the106,156and271divisions to their fateandletthembuytimeforyou.Youcanloseoneofthetworemainingstrongpointhexes,soyoumaywanttodefendoneinmorestrengththan the other. Your first unit moved on GT 49 Movement Phase shouldbetheNon-Op51ArmyHQ.MoveitasfarsouthaspossibletorestorefreedomofmovementaroundIshun.HopethatyourHQrecoversOperationalstatusso itcan issueNoRetreatorders forthatcriticalGT51.

�0.� Scenario �: Odessa: Hero City

“Odessa shall not be surrendered. It shall be defended until the end. The Black Sea Fleet shall help fulfill this mission.” —Stalin,5August1941

Historical SummaryOn8AugustRomanianFourthArmywasdirectedbyRomanianHighCommandtodefeattheenemyjustbeyondtheDneisterRiverandtooccupyOdessa.Sovietforcesdefendingtheriverwerebynow in full flight east due to the major defeats well to the north at Uman(welloffthegamemap).ThedefendingSovietIndependentCoastalArmy,Gen.G.P.Safronovcommanding,hadonly27,500men.Observersexpectedthemtobeoverwhelmed.OpposingthemwasRomanianFourthArmy,commandedbyGen.NicolaeCiuperca,whichwouldsoonnumber160,000men,1100guns,and70tanks.

Overall,theSovietdefenderswerenotparticularlywell-equippedor organized at first, but they resisted fiercely. They were greatly aided by concentric rings of fortifications (built largely by civilian labor),andthesupportoftheSovietBlackSeaFleetwhichcontrib-uted infantry and occasional naval gunfire support. The Soviets also institutedahighlyeffectiveartillerysupportsystemincorporatingboth land-based and naval artillery. In addition the Soviets heldanother10,000ill-equippedmeninreserve.EssentialtoSovietsuc-cess,however,wastheabilitytoreinforceOdessabysea.Odessawouldhavefallenquicklywithoutthethousandsofreinforcements



andgreatquantitiesofmunitionsbroughtinbyseaduringthe73daysofthesiege.

The siege of Odessa went through three stages. The first, running fromabout8Augustthrough5September,encompassedtwomajorassaults intendedtocomplete theencirclementandthenapunchthrough the Fortified Belts. While many of these initial attacks wentsourandsawheavyRomanianlosses,theendofthesecondmajor assault would find the Soviets driven from their outer line. ThemostimportantRomaniangainoccurredintheEasternSectorwheretheyadvancedtothesea[hex2110]allowingthemtobringOdessa under observed artillery fire.

ThesecondstagesawmostcombatshifttotheSouthernSector.Us-ingfreshdivisionstheRomaniansmadesteadyprogress,advancingup to Tartarka [hex 1812] and closing on the main Soviet airfield at Dalnik.YettheRomaniansstillcouldnotachieveabreakthroughandcontinuedtosufferruinouslosses.On9September,CiupercawasreplacedbyGen.IosifIacobici,theformerDefenseMinister.

Withoutanyrealplan,Iacobiciquickly,andpredictably,exhaustedhisdivisionsinyetmorebloodyfrontalassaults.Sensingweakness,theSovietslaunchedasurpriseoffensiveintheEasternSectoron22September.SupportedbynavalgunneryfromtheBlackSeaFleetandamphibiouslandingstheypushedtheRomaniansoutofrangeofOdessaportputtingtheRomaniansfullyontothedefensive.On30SeptemberMoscoworderedOdessaevacuatedtoreinforceSoviettroopsinCrimeanowthreatenedbyarenewedGermanoffensivethere(seeScenario#3),andGen.I.Y.PetrovtookoverascommanderofCoastalArmyinearlyOctober.TheSovietssuccessfullycarriedoutevacuationovertwoweeks.Duringthenightof15-16Octoberthelastliftofsome35,000soldierswasevacuated,althoughleavingbehindmanyoftheirheavyweapons.Insumperhapsasmanyas100,000soldiersand150,000civiliansand200,000tonsofmaterialwereevacuatedovertheperiodofthesiege,anincredibleachieve-mentinthefaceofAxisairsuperiorityandthelossofseveralshipstoairattack.

Priortothegreatevacuation,theSovietshadcommittedheavilyinthe defense of Odessa, perhaps 120,000 men, and official figures admittedthelossof41,258ofthem.Ofsome360,000RomanianswhosawactionatOdessa,astaggering111,265becamecasualties.TheRomanians suffered from the start from their poor training,inadequateequipment,andanattackphilosophyofmassedinfantryattacks against machine guns and fortifications. The Soviets viewed Romaniantacticsaspredictableandpoorlycoordinated.TheinitialdecisiontoattackwithoutpreparationhadcostsomanycasualtiesthattherewasneveragainenoughRomanianmanpoweravailabletomountaperimeter-wideassault.

TheRomanianFourthArmydidnotseeactionagainfornearlyayear.Some very badly mauled divisions did not fight again until 1944. Evacuated Soviet troops were back into the fighting in the Crimea withinamonthorevenless.TheRomaniansmayhavegainedsomeprestige in finally capturing Odessa on their own, but the victory was ashollowasmanyoftheirdivisionshadnowbecome.Worse,thecarnageseriouslyerodedRomanianpopularsupportforcontinuationofthewaragainsttheSovietUnion.

Required:• ScenarioCard#1Back(OdessaMap)• ScenarioCard#2Front(AxisandSovietSetUpandReinforce-

ments)

�0.�� Scenario Length.There are thirty-three turns. Start withGT27andendwithGT59.UsehistoricalweatherforGTs27and28.ResolvetheWeatherTableforallremainingturns.

�0.�� Scenario Area.ScenarioCardOneBack

�0.�3 Placementa. The Soviet player sets up first.

b.ResolveAirandNavalReadinessbeginningGT28.

c.AllSovietMGunitsaresetupontheirTriedside.

�0.�4 Scenario Special Rulesa.TheSovietplayerusestheSevastopolHoldingBoxonScenarioCard#1Backforcertainreinforcements,allreplacements,andfornavalunits.Groundunitsexitonlybynavaltransportprocedure.DuetoAxisadvances,thereisnodirectlandconnectionbetweenOdessaandtheSevastopolHoldingBox.ApplyrulePB2.12fortheSevastopolHoldingBox,usingitliketheMap-THoldingBox.

b. Replacements and Strongpoints1.TheSovietplayerreceivesone(1)TypeIRPperturnstartingGT30.AllarereceivedatSevastopol,unlessmarkedotherwiseontheSet-UpCard.

2.TheAxisplayerreceivesonly thosereplacementsshownontheSetUpCard.UnitsrestoredfromCadrereturntoplaythroughthewestedge.

3.TheSovietplayercanconductstrongpointconstructionbegin-ningGT30attherateofonestrongpointperturn.Thesecannotbeconstructedatmore thanninehexes fromOdessaMaphex2011.

4.TheAxisplayercannotbuildStrongpoints.

c. BothsidesalwayshaveAttackSupply;donotuseMSUs.GeneralSupplyrestrictionsstillapply.Exception:SovietunitsrollforSur-renderonlyifunabletotraceLOCtoafriendlyport[PB7.6].

d.SuspendBSR22.26.b (VoluntaryNon-OpHQDisbandment).The Coastal HQ can recover effectiveness only by passing therecoverydieroll.

e. ApplyrulePB7.34and7.35forallSovietartillery,coastartillery,andnavalunits.

f.Inthisscenario,aSovietHQisnotrequiredtobestackedwithartilleryunitstoallowthemtocombinetheirsupportstrengthswhenattackingordefendinginasinglecombat.ArtilleryunitsonthemapneedonlybewithinCommandRangeofanHQalsoonthemap.AirInterdictionoftheHQstillreducesthetotalnumberofartilleryunitsthatcancombineforadeclaredcombat.

g. Naval Artillery Support.Navalunitsprovidingartillerysupportforgroundunitsareincludedwithintheartilleryunitcombinationrestrictions[andPB7.34.a],andmustbewithinrangeofanopera-tionalHQwhencombiningwithotherartillery[seealsoPB8.6].Navalunitscanconductartillerysupport(attackingordefending)regardlessoftheirReadinessstatus.

h. Coast artillery for both sides can conduct all regular artilleryprocedures(inadditiontotheeffectsinPB8.32).

i.AxisairunitsarenotallowedLocalTacticalAdvantageuntilbe-ginningwithGT40.IfthisresultoccursontheAirInitiativeTable,rollthedieagainuntiladifferentresultisobtained.

�5Crimea PLAYBOOK


j.DefenderhexescontainingonlyRomanianunitscannotbeissuedNoRetreatorders[PB7.43].

k.TreattheDnesterRiverasamajorriverforcrossingpurposes.

l.AllSovietunitsthathavenotcompletedEvacuationonorbeforeGT59arecountedforVictoryPointcalculations.

�0.�5 Victory ConditionsTheAxisplayerwinsanOperationalVictoryandthegameendsim-mediatelyifatanytimehiscombatunitssimultaneouslyoccupybothOdessahexes.Otherwise,playersscoreVictoryPointstodeterminethescenariowinner[seeScenarioCard#2Front].

�0.�� Play Notes. Axis.HistoricallytheRomaniansfailedmiserablyandtookruinouslosses,soreplicatingtheirtacticswillproducecomparableresults.IfyoupushhardtotakeVPhexesonoraheadofschedule,andholddownVPdeductionsforReinforcementPoolGroups,youprobablywillburnupyourRomanianarmywithoutcapturingOdessabeforeit is evacuated.You have no Romanian engineers, your artillerycannotsupportwell,fewRomanianairunitscaninterdict,andyourunitshavehighstackingvaluesmakinghighoddsattacksmoredif-ficult to achieve without costly low odds attacks on adjacent Soviet units.Almosteveryhexattackedwill containa strongpoint, andthedreadedasteriskresultwillclaimmanysteps.Perhapstakeadifferentapproach.ForgetaboutwinningonVPs.TakeeveryAxisReinforcementPoolGroupoffered.Takeyourtime.Attackselec-tively.Amassthehighoddsattackswheneverpossible,andmakeattacksagainstadjacentSoviethexesgoinatnolessthan1to2oddswithAdditionalRetreatorders.Forthemostpart,theSovietsarelimitedtooneITypereplacementstepperturnatSevastopol.Ifyouconsistentlyeliminate2ormoreSovietstepsperturnandkeepyourlossesmanageable,youwillcontinuetoshrinktheSovietdefensiveperimeter.OneofthekeystoAxissuccesswillbetoposition(andkeep)yourAxisCDartilleryunitsonthecoastwithinrangeoftheportofOdessa.In-rangeCDunitsandinterdictingairunitsintheNavalMovementInterdictionBoxwillmakerollingontheNavalMovement Loss Table a nightmare. It will become very difficult to getthosereplacementstepsbroughtin,andtheshippingattacksonnaval units in the port of Odessa will begin to inflict enough damage that a significant number of those naval units will be spending several turnsatSevastopolrollingforrepairsinsteadoftransportingtroops.Your odds of winning the scenario – still difficult, but achievable.

Soviet. Youmustwalkatightrope.Everystepyouhaveisvaluable.Youmustconstantlydefendinstrengthasfarforwardaspossibletolowerattackoddsandincreaseattackercasualties.FiveorsixdefenderstrengthpointsaugmentedbyanequalnumberofartillerysupportpointsdefendinginastrongpointisaverytoughobstaclefortheRomanianstoovercome.LoweroddsallowyoutoissueNoRetreatorderstogainthatimportant+1DRMwhilelimitingthepossiblenumberofRresultsthatwouldcostyouthatextrastep.HoweveryoumustalwaysbemindfulofpotentialAxisadvancesthatcouldencirclestacksinstrongpoints,leavingretreatastheonlyoption to rescue those units. Sometimes it is beneficial to sacrifice severalsurroundedunitsifitcanbuyyoumultipleturnsofresistance,buttherewillbemanytimeswhenyouwillneedtheunitsforlaterandmustwithdrawthem,leavingbehindasinglestepatmosttoextract one more turn of delay. The best use for your fighters air unitsmaywellbeopposingInterdictionmissionsdirectedagainstHQCoastalArmy.Ifsuccessful,thoseInterdictionmissionsreduce

thenumberofNoRetreatordersandlimittheamountofartillerysupportyourunitscanreceive.DenythecoastlinenorthandeastofOdessatotheAxisplayerforaslongaspossible.IfthoseAxisCDArtilleryunitscansetuponthecoast,theywillmakethingsdifficult for you.

�0.3 Scenario 3: Crimea: The Road to Sevastopol

“Do not give up Sevastopol under any circumstances, and defend it with all of your forces.”

—Stalin,7Nov.1941

Historical SummarySincebeingdrivenbacktotheIshunarea,theSovietshadbeenbusy.They fortified the Isthmus with mines, wire, dug-in tanks, turreted emplacements, and even remote-control flamethrowers. Soviet Col.GeneralF.I.KuznetsovremainedincommandofSoviet51Army.Hestucktoapre-warplanofincludingthecoastlineinhisoveralldefenseschemeanditperhapscosthimthebattle.Ontheplussidehis forces were well fortified and he expected to be reinforced soon bytroopsevacuatedfromOdessa.Butthoseforceswerestillreor-ganizingbackinSevastopolatthetimetheGermansattacked.

TheGerman11thArmy,ledbyvonManstein,alsowasreinforced,nowwithmoreartilleryandairsupportbut itstillhadnoarmorotherthanafewassaultguns.LeadingtheattackagainwasHanson’s54thCorpsalthoughthistimebackedupby30thCorpsinreservealongwithmanysupporttroops.TheyneededtendaystocracktheIshunpositionachievingadecisivebreakthroughon29October.ThebreakthroughatIshunwassocompletethathisinfantrytookallofcentralCrimeainaboutfourdays,Feodosiaon3November,and cleared the final resistance in the Kerch area on about 16 No-vember, leavingonlySevastopolholdingout to therear.Despitethe November mud, this was an exceptional pace. The fighting in theIshunareacosttheGermansheavily,about7286casualties,butSoviet 51 Army was finished, suffering 26,000 prisoners alone.

Manstein first hoped to capture Sevastopol in a quick mobile ma-neuver but he lacked motorized troops and sufficient air power for thequickdash.ToregainsomemobilityhecombinedseveralsmallmotorizedunitsintotheZieglerBrigadetopushaheadoftheinfan-try.Anditalmostworked.ItcapturedBakchisaraion2November,wellaheadoftheinfantry,andestablishedaroadblocktocutofftheSoviet retreat.But theSovietsmanaged toby-passZiegler’sbattlegroupbymovingalongmountainroadsandslippedseveralimportantformationsintothefortressarea.Otherstookthelongerroute directly through the mountains toAlushta and then alongthecoast.Altogetherabout27-30,000mencameoverlandintothefortresstojoinabout23,000ofthenavalbasealreadypresentorrecentlyshippedin.

While51ArmyHQwithdrewtowardtheKerchPeninsulaincom-plete chaos, Soviet forces at Sevastopol made ready.The NavalBasereorganizedastheSevastopolDefensiveRegion,Vice-AdmiralOktyabrskytakingcommand,andincorporatedwithinitGen-MajorPetrov’sCoastalArmy, latelyarrivedfromOdessa.ForpracticalmatterstheCoastalArmywasresponsibleformostgroundopera-tionsinandaroundSevastopolbutitscommandwaspartofa(thentypical)communistcommitteeforover-alldirectionofwareffort



inthearea.ThismadeSovietcommandsluggishwhencomparedto German command but tighter proximity and communicationsallowedresponsetimestoimprove.AlsoontheplussidewasthatSevastopolwasdrawnupinacomprehensivedefensivesectorplanashadbeendoneatOdessa.

Since July, troops and civilians at Sevastopol had constructedlandwarddefensesincorporatingpre-warnavalartillerybatteries,some of very high caliber, and immense antique fortifications from previouswars.Threedefensiveringswereplannedbuttherewastimetobuildonlytwomainlines.Muchlatertheselinesblurredasadditional fortifications were constructed. Few troops were on hand initiallybutwiththereturnofCoastalArmyanddailyreinforcementsbysea,numberswerebuiltuptoaround60-70,000defendersbythetimethemainGermanoffensivebegan.

When German troops first poked at the outer Sevastopol defenses about4November,itbecameobviousthatconcentrationfortheat-tackwasneeded.On10Novembertheattackbeganinearnestwith50thand132nddivisionscomingoffthemarchtomakeconvergingattacksontheMakensieHeights.TheSovietscounteredthatblowwithatimelyredeploymentofreservesandcovereditwithnavalartillery gunfire. This became a pattern that frustrated many German attacksandon15NovembervonMansteincalledoffhisoffensive.His11thArmyhadsufferedover2000casualtieswithlittlegainandstill had not recovered sufficiently from losses in earlier battles. The nextattackwouldhavetobeafullyprepareddeliberateoffensive.

Required:• MapQ• AxisSetUpCardOneFront• SovietSetUpCardOneFront• Unitsused:RefertotheScenarioSet-UpCards.

�0.3� Scenario Length.Therearesixteenturns.StartwithGT60andendwithGT75.UsehistoricalweatherforGTs60and61.Re-solvetheWeatherTableforallremainingturns.NotethechangeofWeatherTablecolumnonGTs66and74.

�0.3� Scenario Area.UseMapQandtheSevastopolInsetMap.

�0.33 Placementa. The Soviet player sets up first.b.ResolveAirandNavalReadinessbeginningGT61.

�0.34 Scenario Special Rulesa.LimitedAxisrailmovementisallowed.

1.AxisRailConversion,MapQ:four(4)RailConversionPoints(RCPs)perturn.ConversionmustbeginathexQ2701.

2.Theincompleterailroad.AtStartofplay,markrailroadhexes2701and3607withrailcutmarkers.Theserailroadhexesarenotavailableforusebyeithersideuntilconverted[BSRs19.2and19.3].TheAxisplayercannotbeginconversionof thesehexesuntilGT69.

3.AxisConvertedRailroadCapacity:2stackingpointsperturn,MapQonly,solelyonconvertedRailroadhexes.

4.CapturedSovietRailUse[PB2.34].AxisplayerbeginswithoneonmapcapturedraillinewithacapturedRailheadmarkerinhex2601(thisistheforwardcapturedRailheadhex.TherearcapturedRailheadhexisoff-mapatZaporozhe).

5.Axisplayermayextendonlyonecapturedrail lineupto12hexesperturn[PB2.34b.].CapturedraillinesdoprovidelimitedGeneralSupply.

6.Axiscapturedrailroadcapacity:0stackingpointsperturnuntiltheturnafterSimferopoliscaptured.Then1stackingpointperturnthereafter.

7.OncebothConvertedandCapturedraillinesareoperationalandSimferopolisAxiscontrolled,maximumcapacityis3stack-ingpoints(2maximumonConvertedlinesand1maximumonCapturedlines).

DESIGN NOTE: Axis railroad capacity is very low during this period due to being dependent on captured cars and locomotives operating from Zaporozhe (to the north of the playing area), later supplemented by 5 locomotives and 80 railroad cars captured at Simferopol.

b.SovietRailroadmovementisallowed.SovietRailroadCapacityis3stackingpoints,totalperturn,forMapQandtheSevastopolInsetmapcombined.

c. Supply1.AxisSources:hexes:2401,2601,3401,4801,and5001.

2.TheAxisplayerreceives2AttackSupplyPointsperturnatanynorthedgesupplysourcehex.

3.SovietSource:Map-THoldingBox.

4.TheSovietplayerreceives1ASPperturninMap-THoldingBox.

Note (1): Both players receive General Supply at any friendly port but this is limited to that port’s current capacity [PB 8.4].

Note (2): Axis 147 coast artillery unit (in hex 2107) is in general supply because it is on an anchorage.

d.TheSovietplayerbeginsplayAtStartwithoneMandatedAttack[BSR12.4].

e. WhileontheInsetMapaSovietHQisnotrequiredtobestackedwithartilleryunitstoallowthemtocombinetheirsupportstrengthswhenattackingordefendinginasinglecombat.ArtilleryornavalunitsontheInsetneedonlybewithinCommandRangeofanHQalsoontheInset.AirInterdictionoftheHQstillreducesthetotalnumberofartilleryunitsthatcancombineforadeclaredcombat.


f. Naval Artillery Support.Navalunitsprovidingartillerysupportforgroundunitsareincludedwithintheartilleryunitcombinationrestrictions[andPB7.34.a],andmustbewithinrangeofanopera-tionalHQwhencombiningwithotherartillery[seealsoPB8.6].Navalunitscanconductartillerysupport(attackingordefending)regardlessoftheirReadinessstatus.

g. Axis Special Reinforcement Pool Group One (SSLAH Bri-gade).TheuseofoneunitofthisGroupinScenarioOnedoesnotconstituteacceptanceoftheGroup.

HISTORICAL NOTE: The Group was diverted (permanently) from the Crimea by the need to reinforce against attacks by Soviet South-ern Front just to the north of the game area [see Scenario Three in the Kiev to Rostov game].



h. Axis Reinforcement Pool Group Two (Ziegler Brigade).Thisunitconversioncanbedoneonlyonceduringthegame.Theconver-sionendsandtheoriginaltwounitsreturntoplayinplaceoftheZieglerunitontheturnindicated.10.35VictoryConditions

RefertoScenario3VPCardforVPhexesandVictoryLevels.

�0.3� Play Notes.Axis. The first objective has to be the rail junction at Dzhankoy. TheSovietplayerhasbeentaskedwiththehistoricaldirectivetodefendforward,andtheAxisVPreductionforcaptureafterGT65provideoneverygoodreasontotradeunitsfortime.Yourarmyissuperior,butnotnearlymobileenoughtopulloffacompletevictoryovertheSoviet51stArmy.TheZieglerbrigadeisatemporaryaid,but toprovideadecentmotorizedexploitationforce,youshouldspendtheVPstoreceivetheLeibstandarteBrigadefortheturnsitisavailable.OnlythenwillyouhavetheabilitytotrapanddestroySovietunitsthatwouldbaryourwaytoeitherKerchorSevastopol.Utilizeyourairsuperioritynotonlytooptimizeattacks,butalsotoInterdict51stArmyHQ.Itcanissueonlyoneorderpercombatphasebutthatisoneordertoomany.InterdictionalsoforcesrailedSovietreinforcementstostopshortofthebattlearea.YoulosemostofyourairassetsonGT68,sothefasteryoudefeattheSovietsaroundIs-hunandDzhankoy,themoretimeyouwillhavetodevotetoNavalMovementInterdictionandShippingAttack.AstheSovietpositiondisintegrates,youmustchoosehowtodivideyourforcestopursuethedivergentgoalsofclearingtheKerchPeninsulaandreducingtheSevastopol fortifications. Your forces are inadequate to undertake bothtasks,soyouwouldbewelladvisedtosendenoughforcestoclearKerchexpeditiouslytogetthehigherVPtotalssincethebulkofhard-to-defendscenarioVPsareinthisarea.Byallmeansprobeaggressively at Sevastopol and inflict step losses where feasible, but terrain and fortifications favor the Soviet player there. Force theSovietplayertodevoteseatransporttoreinforcingSevastopolratherthanKerch.TheSovietplayercanturntheareaaroundKerchinto a mini-fortress supported by naval gunfire, so make sure CD artilleryaccompaniesyourforces tomaketheportuntenableforSovietnavalunits.

Soviet.Youhavethehardertaskinthisscenario.Youhavetode-fendinforcearoundIshunandDzhankoytodenyVPstotheAxisplayeranddelayadvances towardKerchandSevastopolas longaspossible.Theproblemis,youdonothaveaplethoraofunitstosacrifice to do it. Every reinforcing infantry unit you pull into the initialbattlesisprobablyaunitthatwillnotsurviveandbeavail-ablefordefenselater.Youhaveaverylowreplacementrate(oneITypeRPperturn)anditdoesnottakelongforlossestofaroutstripyourabilitytoreplacethem.Still,youwillneedmoreartilleryandAAunitstoprolongthedefense,butyoudohavesomeoftheseyoucanspare.Remembertoutilizeyourrailtransportcapacityeachturntoquicklymoveyourreinforcingunitsup.Anotherbalancingarea–howlongdoyouelecttoconstructstrongpointsaroundIshunandDzhankoyandneglectfortifyingbothKerchandSevastopol?YoucanonlyconstructoneSPperturn.Comparedtootherfronts,youare fighting war on a shoestring in the Crimea. As much as you wish to hold Kerch and Feodosia, your first priority is to hold as large a perimeteraroundSevastopolaspossible.

�0.4 Scenario 4: Sevastopol: First Assault

“Sevastopol will be captured as soon as possible” —Hitler’sDirective#39,dated8December1941

Historical SummaryOn 17 December the Germans began their first major prepared as-saultonSevastopol.LeadingonceagainwasHansen’s54thCorps,nowof fourdivisionsandwell supportedalthoughstill shortonpersonnel from earlier fighting. Their objective was to clear the north side of the Belbek River and they accomplished this after five days of costly fighting. Meanwhile in the south, 30th Corps attacked withtwodivisionsbutfailedtogainmuchground.AtnopointdidtheGermansachieveabreakthroughbuttheydidmanagetotakesomeimportantterrain.InthisoffensivetheGermansexperiencedmany difficulties typical for the East Front. Notably, this was the lack of adequate supply; here, meaning they could not take fulladvantage of their artillery. The Soviets again proved more flexible tacticallybutmoreimportantlytheywereabletosteadilyreinforceSevastopoltoreplacelosses.TheGermanshadtoofewaircrafttospareforinterdictionandnonavy.

Thedecisivemomentcameon26DecemberwhenjustasGermanforces were fully committed to fighting at Sevastopol, the Soviets amphibiouslylandedelementsofthenowrevived51Armyaroundthe end of the Kerch Peninsula. At first, the German 42nd Corps, Gen-Lt.HansGrafvonSponeckcommanding,containedthethreat,andhaddefeatedallbuttwoofthebeachheads,butonthe29ththeSovietsmadeamajorlandingatFeodosia,welltotheGermanrear.Sponeck panicked and withdrew his corps against orders. NowvonMansteinstoppedtheattackonSevastopol,withdrawingfromadvancedpositionsthere,andsentunitstostabilizetheKerchfront.Sponeck was removed from command and stood court-marshal(andwasexecutedon23July1944).Thereinforcementsrestoredthefront.On15January1942asmallGermanoffensiverecapturedFeodosiabutthereactionhadtostop.TheSovietswereattackingagainupnorthintheUkraineandtheLuftwaffehadtoleavetostopit.AlloftheDecemberbattlescosttheGermansanother8600menandtheSovietslostabout7000killedand20,000captured.

Overall,theSovietshadimprovedtheirposition.WhiletheyhadyieldedaboutathirdofthegroundtheyhadhopedtoholdintheSevastopolfortressarea,theremainingpositionstherewerequitestrong. To the east the Soviets firmly held the Kerch peninsula. The positionwassecureandcouldprovideabaseforfurtheroperationstoliberatethewholeoftheCrimea.ThelossoftheFeodosiyaareacrimpedthispossibilitybuttheystillwieldedaviablethreat.

Required:• MapQ• AxisSetUpCardTwoFront• SovietSetUpCardTwoFront• Unitsused:RefertotheScenarioSet-UpCards.

�0.4� Scenario Length.Thereare twenty-threeturns.StartwithGT84andendwithGT106.TheweatherisautomaticallyFrostforGT84.ResolvetheWeatherTableforallremainingturns.




�0.43 Placementa. The Soviet player sets up first.

b.SetasparemarkerontheAxisLoss/ReplacementTrackat4.TheseareinitiallyavailableSuper-heavyArtilleryPoints[PB10.44f.2]

c.ResolveAirandNavalReadinessbeginningGT85.Sovietnon-Navalairunitshave the+2DRMapplied toReadinessdie rollssinceSimferopolhasfallen.


1.AxisRailConversion,MapQ:four(4)RailConversionPoints(RCPs)perturn.RefertoAxisSetUpCardTwoFrontforCon-vertedRailheadPlacement.


3.CapturedSovietRailUse[PB2.34].AxisplayerbeginswithallunconvertedSovietraillinesunderAxiscontrol.RefertoAxisSetUpCardTwoFrontforCapturedRailheadPlacement.

4.Maximumrailcapacityis3stackingpoints(2maximumonConvertedlinesand1maximumonCapturedlines).






NOTE: Both players receive General Supply at any friendly port but this is limited to that port’s current capacity [PB 8.4].

5.SovietplayermayplaceoneStrongpointunderconstructionmarkerperturn.

d.WhileontheInsetMapaSovietHQisnotrequiredtobestackedwithartilleryunitstoallowthemtocombinetheirsupportstrengthswhenattackingordefendinginasinglecombat.ArtilleryornavalunitsontheInsetneedonlybewithinCommandRangeofanHQalsoontheInset.AirInterdictionoftheHQstillreducesthetotalnumberofartilleryunitsthatcancombineforadeclaredcombat.


e. Naval Artillery Support.Navalunitsprovidingartillerysupportforgroundunitsareincludedwithintheartilleryunitcombinationrestrictions[andPB7.34.a],andmustbewithinrangeofanopera-tionalHQwhencombiningwithotherartillery[seealsoPB8.6].Navalunitscanconductartillerysupport(attackingordefending)regardlessoftheirReadinessstatus.

f. Axis Super-Heavy Artillery. 1.AxisSuper-HeavyArtilleryprovisionsofPB7.33areineffectontheInsetmap.

2.Super-heavyartilleryammunitionshortage.EachAxisSuper-HeavyartilleryunitexpendsoneSuper-HeavyartillerypointeachtimeitparticipatesinaDeclaredCombat.

• TheAxisplayermustexpendoneMSPon theInsetmap toprovide4Super-Heavyartillerypoints.

• DuringtheSupplyDeterrninationPhaseexpendanASP(re-moveanMSUorreduceaDumptoanMSU).OntheAxisLoss/ReplacementTrack,movethesparemarker[1043.b]upfourspaces.

• ForeachSuper-Heavyartilleryunitprovidingsupportstrengthmovethesparemarkeronespaceclosertothe0space.Whenthe0spaceisreached,noSuper-heavyartilleryunitcanparticipateincombatuntilanASPisexpendedtosupplymorepoints.

g.OnanyturnofSnowweatherduringSnowclimatetheAxisplayercanbuildStrongpoints[seeBSRs18.34and23.12].

h.WinterFreeze.BeginningGT97theentireAzovSeaZoneandalloftheKerchSeaZonenorthofthe“IceLimit”boundaryprintedonthemapfreezes.Whenfrozenthisseaareabecomesimpassableto all naval and flotilla movement for the rest of the game.

NOTE: This removes all port functions from Kerch (6912), Yenikale (7013), and Genischesk (4804).

i. Ice Bridge1.OnGT99theSovietplayeremplacestheIceBridgemarkeronhex7012(if7012isfriendly;ifnotfriendly,itisneverreceived).Heemplacesitduringtheturnsequenceashewouldforabridgeunitoverariver[generallyfollowBSR23.2—theIceBridgeisone-sided. It is placed at the end of the Supply determinationPhaseandisavailabletotheSovietsatthestartoftheirMotorizedMovementPhase].

2.ThereisonlyoneIceBridge.ItremainsforuseonGTs100and101only.RemoveitattheendofGT101,duringtheGame-turnInterphase.ItcanalsobedestroyedbyAxisunitsfollowingBSR23.25.

3.TheIceBridgeallowsregularlandmovementattheminorroadmovementrateinSnowdirectlyfromMap-THoldingBoxontohex7013.Strategicmovementisallowed.

4.Limitations:Uptosix(6)stackingpointsofSovietunitscanmoveinanycombinationoffromtheMap-THoldingBoxorbacktotheHoldingBox.

5.TheMap-THoldingBoxcanserveasaSupplySourceforSovietunitsonmapQiftheycantraceaLOCtotheIceBridge.

DESIGN NOTE: Historically the ice bridge was open for use during just one time period during the course of this game: January 6th through 9th; and outside of the game period it was again available beginning in late January. Please note that many histories have incorrectly recorded these dates.

j. Movement Restrictions:1.KerchPeninsulaArea.NoAxisunitsmaymoveeastofhexrow49XXuntiltwoturnsfollowinganySovietAmphibiousAssaultontheKerchpeninsula(coastalhexesQ4904throughQ4923).Unitseastofthe49XXlinearefreetomovewestofthe49XXline,butwouldthenalsocouldnotre-enteruntiltwoturnsfollowinganySovietAmphibiousAssaultontheKerchpeninsula.

2.AxisunitsoutsideoftheKerchpeninsulaareaoncoastalhexes

�9Crimea PLAYBOOK


northofhexQ3822mayonlymoveatthecostof-1VPperunitmoveduntiltheturnfollowinganySovietAmphibiousAssaultontheKerchpeninsulaarea.

3. No SovietAmphibiousAssault allowed on any coastal hexoutsideoftheKerchpeninsulaareanorthofhexQ3822.

k. Axis Reinforcement Pool Group Five (anti-aircraft units). TheAxisplayerplacestheseunitsduringtheReinforcementPhase,oneeachonanyfriendlyMapQtownorcityhexthatcantraceaSupplyLine,subjecttothe10pointstackinglimit.Ifnotenoughlocationsare currently in play, or stacking space is not available, then heplacesthemallonanyonetownorcity.IfnoplacementpositionisavailablethenthisGroupcannotbeaccepted.

DESIGN NOTE: Because they generally enjoyed an overwhelm-ing air superiority, German high command ordered some of their available Luftwaffe AA battalions to the front lines from airfield defense to operate in a direct-fire role against ground targets. While Luftwaffe command objections were overruled, they succeeded in retaining administrative control of the units and kept them concen-trated. The combined arrangement worked effectively to destroy Soviet bunkers.

l. Soviet Reinforcement Pool Group One (additional NKVD).TheunitisreceivedonhexQ1528ifthehexisfriendly(ifnotfriendly,theunitisnotreceived)regardlessofthestrengthorlocationoftheunitremoved.Removeonlyoneofthetwolistedunits.

�0.45 Victory ConditionsRefertoScenario4VPCardforVPhexesandVictoryLevels.

�0.4� Play Notes: General.ThisscenariomodelsthehistoricaleventsintheCrimeafromlate1941throughearly1942.Themovementrestrictionsof10.44jwillkeepbothplayersfromtakingadvantageofhistoricalhindsighttoskewresults.AxishighcommandfearedthedisruptiontheSovietscouldhavecausedbylandingsnorthandwestofSevas-topol.TheSovietsdidnottakeadvantageofthesituation–thusthepenaltiesonAxiscoastalunitmovementandprohibitiononSovietlandings.TheastuteAxisplayerwoulddeployenoughtroopsintheKerchPeninsulatodefeatanAmphibiousAssault,yethistoricallyitwastreatedasabackwaterandraidedforreplacementtroopstokeeptheAssaultonSevastopolgoing.Therefore,measuresareinplacetogivetheSovietsthechancetheyhadhistorically.

Axis. Your best hope of defeating a Kerch landing is to inflict enough lossesontheSovietdefendersatSevastopolthattheSovietplayermustsendmoreunitsandreplacementstherethanhistorically.YourforcesaroundSevastopolarebadlydeployedforattack.Movementcostsinhillandmountainhexarehigherduringfrostweatherandfurtherhamperredeployment.TherearemoreSovietairunitsavail-ableearlyinthescenariothanAxisairunits.Avoidmakingtoomanyattackswithoutairsupportoryouwillsuffertheconsequencesasthe+SovietCASDRMstranslateintohigherAxissteplosses.Un-tilAxisairreinforcementsarriveandSovietairlossesmount,youwillneedtoforegoallothermissionsinfavorofCASforselectedattacksdesignedtocausethehighestnumberofSovietsteplosses.IfyoucannotamasssixormoreSovietairunitsinthedestroyedBoxquickly,paytheVPfortheLWFlakGroups.Theirdoubledstrength against undestroyed inset fortifications is invaluable. The mostvulnerablepartoftheSovietlineisnorthofSevastopolnearthewestcoast.Makethisafocalpointforyourefforts.Ifyoucan

claim the VPs for Fortified Belt hexes, it will be in large part due to successhere.Also,ifyourattacksaresuccessful,youcanbringtheporthexeswithinrangeofyourartilleryandreduceportcapacitytothepointwheretheSovietplayermustbringinMSUsbyseatokeepallunitsinGeneralSupply.Asquicklyasthegroundsituationwillallow,beginallocatingairunitstoNavalMovementInterdictiontocomplicatetheSovietplayer’slife.DamagedandSailedtransportunabletoachieveReadystatuswillseriouslyweakenanyAmphibi-ousAssault.YourgoalistobeabletocontainoreliminatetheSovietlandingswithoutstoppingtheattacksaroundSevastopol.

Soviet.ReinforceSevastopolmassivelyearlyinthescenariowhenAxisNavalMovementInterdictionisrareornon-existent.IttakesmanyturnstogetadamagednavalunitbacktoreadystatusafterithassailedYouneedthemaximumnumberofundamaged,ReadystatusnavalunitsforyourAmphibiousAssaultandfollow-onAm-phibiousAssaults.Your2NMPnavalunitsarevulnerableontheSevastopolrun.HoldthembackfortheAmphibiousAssault.Defendthe fortified perimeter around Sevastopol fiercely. When possible, interceptAxisHQInterdictionmissions.YouwantmaximumSovietartillerysupportandOrderstobeavailablewhenneeded.CommityourmobileAAunitstodefendinyourmostthreatenedsectors.TheAxisplayerhasonlyafewairunits,andhavinganydamagedordestroyed by AA fire will hurt. Place Strongpoints under construc-tiontobackstopareasmostheavilyattacked.Carefullycommityourair units because prolonged contact with Axis fighters will result in significant losses. The longer they survive, the more the Axis player willbeforcedtocommitmostofhisairunitstoCAS.StageyourAmphibiousAssaultwellbeforetheFreezeonGT97.YoustandafarbetterchanceofcapturingKerchandKamyshBurunifyoucansustainattacksagainstthemfromthreesides.

�0.5 Scenario 5: Crimean Campaign

“The only thing that matters is oil…and to keep the German armies out of the Caucasus.” —MarshalofSovietUnionS.K.Timoshenko

Required:1.MapQ2.SetUpCards• AxisOneFront• AxisTwoBack• SovietOneFront• SovietTwoBack3.Unitsused:RefertotheScenarioSet-UpCards.

�0.5� Scenario Length.Thereareforty-seventurns.StartwithGT60andendwithGT106.UsehistoricalweatherforGTs60and61.ResolvetheWeatherTableforallremainingturns.NotethechangeofWeatherTablecolumnonGTs65,74,and91.


�0.53 Placementa. The Soviet player sets up first. Use Scenario #3 for all At Start placementforbothsides.

b.ResolveAirandNavalReadinessbeginningGT61.

30 Crimea PLAYBOOK


c. Reinforcements—Start with those listed for Scenario #3 andcontinuewiththoselistedforCampaignScenario#5.


1.AxisRailConversion,MapQ:four(4)RailConversionPoints(RCPs)perturn.ConversionmustbeginathexQ2701.

2.Theincompleterailroad.AtStartofplay,markrailroadhexes2701 through 3607 with railcut markers.These railroad hexesare not available for use by either side until converted [BSRs19.2and19.3].TheAxisplayercannotbeginconversionofthesehexesuntilGT69.


4.CapturedSovietRailUse[PB2.34].AxisplayerbeginswithoneonmapcapturedraillinewithacapturedRailheadmarkerinhex2601(thisistheforwardcapturedRailheadhex.TherearcapturedRailheadhexisoff-mapatZaporozhe).

5.Axisplayermayextendonlyonecapturedrail lineupto12hexesperturn[PB2.34b.].CapturedraillinesdoprovidelimitedGeneralSupply.

6.Axiscapturedrailroadcapacity:0stackingpointsperturnuntiltheturnafterSimferopoliscaptured.Then1stackingpointperturnthereafter.

7.OncebothConvertedandCapturedraillinesareoperationalandSimferopolisAxiscontrolled,maximumcapacityis3stack-ingpoints(2maximumonConvertedlinesand1maximumonCapturedlines).

DESIGN NOTE: Axis railroad capacity is very low during this period due to being dependent on captured cars and locomotives operating from Zaporozhe (to the north of the playing area), later supplemented by 5 locomotives and 80 railroad cars captured at Simferopol.






Note (1): Both players receive General Supply at any friendly port but this is limited to that port’s current capacity [PB 8.4].

Note (2): Axis 147 coast artillery unit (in hex 2107) is in general supply because it is on an anchorage.

d.TheSovietplayerbeginsplayAtStartwithoneMandatedAttack[BSR12.4].

e.WhileontheInsetMapaSovietHQisnotrequiredtobestackedwithartilleryunitstoallowthemtocombinetheirsupportstrengthswhenattackingordefendinginasinglecombat.ArtilleryornavalunitsontheInsetneedonlybewithinCommandRangeofanHQalsoontheInset.AirInterdictionoftheHQstillreducesthetotal

numberofartilleryunitsthatcancombineforadeclaredcombat.


f. Naval Artillery Support.Navalunitsprovidingartillerysupportforgroundunitsareincludedwithintheartilleryunitcombinationrestrictions[andPB7.34.a],andmustbewithinrangeofanopera-tionalHQwhencombiningwithotherartillery[seealsoPB8.6].Navalunitscanconductartillerysupport(attackingordefending)regardlessoftheirReadinessstatus.

g. Axis Super-Heavy Artillery. 1.AxisSuper-HeavyArtilleryprovisionsofPB7.33areineffectontheInsetmap.

2.Super-heavyartilleryammunitionshortage.EachAxisSuper-HeavyartilleryunitexpendsoneSuper-HeavyartillerypointeachtimeitparticipatesinaDeclaredCombat.

• TheAxisplayermustexpendoneMSPon theInsetmap toprovide4Super-Heavyartillerypoints.

• DuringtheSupplyDeterrninationPhaseexpendanASP(re-moveanMSUorreduceaDumptoanMSU).OntheAxisLoss/ReplacementTrack,movethesparemarker[1043.b]upfourspaces.

• ForeachSuper-Heavyartilleryunitprovidingsupportstrengthmovethesparemarkeronespaceclosertothe0space.Whenthe0spaceisreached,noSuper-heavyartilleryunitcanparticipateincombatuntilanASPisexpendedtosupplymorepoints.

h.OnanyturnofSnowweatherduringSnowclimatetheAxisplayercanbuildStrongpoints[seeBSRs18.34and23.12].

i. Ice Bridge1.OnGT99theSovietplayeremplacestheIceBridgemarkeronhex7012(if7012isfriendly;ifnotfriendly,itisneverreceived).Heemplacesitduringtheturnsequenceashewouldforabridgeunitoverariver[generally followBSR23.2—the IceBridge isone-sided. It isplacedattheendoftheSupplydeterminationPhaseandisavailabletotheSovietsatthestartoftheirMotorizedMovementPhase].

2.ThereisonlyoneIceBridge.ItremainsforuseonGTs100and101only.RemoveitattheendofGT101,duringtheGame-turnInterphase.ItcanalsobedestroyedbyAxisunitsfollowingBSR23.25.




DESIGN NOTE: Historically the ice bridge was open for use during just one time period during the course of this game: January 6th through 9th; and outside of the game period it was again available beginning in late January. Please note that many histories have incorrectly recorded these dates.

3�Crimea PLAYBOOK


j. Axis Special Reinforcement Pool Group One (mountain divi-sions).TheVPcostvariesaccordingtotheVPPlanchosen.

HISTORICAL NOTE: Hitler had intended that these units go to Crimea and then cross the Kerch Straits to support an offensive from Rostov into the Caucasus region. Army Group South, however, had pressing needs elsewhere for infantry.

k. Axis Special Reinforcement Pool Group Two (Romanian in-fantry divisions).TheGroupisreceivedonlybypassingadieroll.TheAxisplayerspendsone(1)VPduringthereinforcementphasetobeabletorollthediefortheGroup.Ifthedierollresultis3orless,hereceivestheGroupthisturn.Iftheresultisgreaterthan3,hedoesnotreceivetheGroupthisturnbuthecantryagainonanyfutureturn,asdesired,duringtheturnstheGroupisavailable[seeSetUpCard].HespendsoneVPeachtimehetriesfortheentry.

HISTORICAL NOTE: These divisions had not been decimated at Odessa and therefore were made available to Romanian 3rd Army. But, they were subject to much political wrangling over their de-ployment.

l. Axis Special Reinforcement Pool Group Three (paratroops). ThisGroup is receivedby thesameprocedureas in7.14above,withthesamepotentialVPcost.Oncereceived,theparachuteunitentersplayeither:• asnormalreinforcementthroughthenorthedge,or• byairtransport[BSR11.7];thisistheonlyairtransportmission

allowedforthegame.

HISTORICAL NOTE: The Soviets feared the entire German para-chute division was available and would drop onto airfields in central Crimea early in the German offensive. Instead, German high com-mand made only one regiment available to the whole area of Army Group South operations.

m. Axis Reinforcement Pool Group Five (anti-aircraft units).TheAxisplayerplacestheseunitsduringtheReinforcementPhase,oneeachonanyfriendlyMapQtownorcityhexthatcantraceaSupplyLine,subjecttothe10pointstackinglimit.Ifnotenoughlocationsarecurrentlyinplay,orstackingspaceisnotavailable,thenheplacesthemallonanyonetownorcity.IfnoplacementpositionisavailablethenthisGroupcannotbeaccepted.

DESIGN NOTE: Because they generally enjoyed an overwhelm-ing air superiority, German high command ordered some of their available Luftwaffe AA battalions to the front lines from airfield defense to operate in a direct-fire role against ground targets. While Luftwaffe command objections were overruled, they succeeded in retaining administrative control of the units and kept them concen-trated. The combined arrangement worked effectively to destroy Soviet bunkers.

n. Soviet Reinforcement Pool Group One (additional NKVD).Theunit is receivedonhexQ1528 if thehex is friendly (if notfriendly,theunitisnotreceived)regardlessofthestrengthorlocationoftheunitremoved.Removeonlyoneofthetwolistedunits.

o. Soviet Reinforcement Pool Group Five (109 Rifle Division).TheSovietplayercannotaccept thisgroupuntilhehasreceivedReinforcementPoolGroupOne.

�0.55 Axis Victory Plans“The defense of the Kerch Peninsula is one of the main missions of the forces of the Crimea.” —StavkatotheCommanderoftheForcesintheCrimea,13

November1941

a.OnorbeforethereinforcementphaseofGT66theAxisplayermust chooseoneof twopossibleVictoryPlans.Oncechosen, itremainsineffectfortherestofthegame.

b. TheVictoryPlanineffectdeterminesthebonusVPstoawardforAxis control of specified locations, causes changes in VP costs for AxisCampaignSpecialReinforcementPoolGroupOne,changestheVPvalueforSevastopolhexes,andothersituations.

c. The Soviet player cannot examine the final VP Plan marker (or the onenotchosen)untiltheturnitisrevealedbytheAxisplayer.ForpurposesofscoringVictoryPointsbeforetheVPPlanisrevealed,playersshouldassumetheSevastopolPlanisinuse,andthenmakefinal adjustment to VP totals when the actual Plan is revealed, if necessary.

d.TheAxisplayermustrevealtheVictoryPlanduringthereinforce-mentphaseofGT79,andmayrevealitearlier.

f. Kerch Plan1.TheAxisplayermusttakeCampaignPoolGroupOne.

2.TheAxisplayerscoresanadditional4VPsifhecontrolsKerch(hex6912)attheendofthescenario.

3.TheAxisplayercanbuildStrongpointsbeginningtheturnthisVictoryPlanisrevealed.

4.CrossingtheKerchStraits.TosimulatecrossingbothGerman1and4GebDivisionsmustbeginthecrossingturnintheportofKerch(hex6912).TheAxisplayerannouncesthecrossingandremovestheunitsfromthemap.Bothdivisionsmustcrossatfullstrength.

TheAxisplayerlosesoneVP(–1VP)perGTbeginningGT79if:

• The full strength German 1 and 4 Geb Divisions have notcrossedtheKerchStraits.

• Aminimumof3GermanCDArtilleryunitsarenotstationedononeormorecoastalhexesonorwithinonehexofhex7012.

5.On the GT theAxis player announces the crossing, place asparemarker10turnsaheadofthecurrentturnontheTRT.AxisASPsarereducedbyoneperGTuntiltheGTtheTurnmarkerisplacedonthatturnbox.RemovethesparemarkerwhentheTurnmarkerisplaced.

DESIGN NOTE: This plan never took place, so there is much sup-position about the details. The Axis could probably have scraped up enough captured shipping to transport the divisions across, and could have amassed enough CD artillery units to keep the Straits open often enough to keep supply flowing. The ten turn ASP reduction postulates that someone had to keep these divisions in supply, and it probably would have been 11th Army. Also, ten turns is probably about as long as the two divisions could have held out against Soviet reserves amassed against them before being returned to Army Group South to assist in the overland attack. All-in-all, probably not the most feasible of strategic plans.

3� Crimea PLAYBOOK


f. Sevastopol Plan.OntheturnthisVictoryPlanisrevealed:1.TheAxisplayerreceivesanextrathreeTypeI(German)replace-ments(notreceivedwhencombininggames).

2.TheAxisplayerscoresoneadditionalVPifhecontrolsSevas-topol(Inserthex1527)attheendofthescenario.

g.AxisSuper-HeavyArtilleryprovisionsofPB7.33areineffectontheInsetmap.

h. Combining Games.UsetheSevastopolPlanVPcolumnforallVPscoring;ignoretheKerchPlan.

DESIGN NOTE: The Victory Plan arrangement comes partly from the natural consequences of geographic reality in Crimea but mostly from Hitler’s plan for an early move across the Kerch Straits to support a drive south from Rostov [see the Kiev to Rostov game] towards Caucasian oil fields. Manstein claimed, after the war, he had leeway on this decision. He chose to focus his energies instead on destroying the Soviet fortress in his rear, a sounder strategic choice, and one firmly rooted in his staff training.

�0.55 Victory ConditionsRefertoScenario5VPCardforVPhexesandVictoryLevels.

�0.5� Play Notes. MuchofwhathasbeenwrittenforScenario3and4PlayNotesremainsvalid,butkeepinmind,neitherplayerislimitedbymanyofthehistoricalconstraintsofthosescenarios.ShouldtheSoviet player fight tooth and nail for Dzhankoy? Most likely not. It’snotnearlyasimportantinalongerscenariothanpreservingunitsurgentlyneededtodefendbothKerchandSevastopol.DoestheAxisplayerneedtotaketheSSLAHBrigade?Maybenot.DependsonhowquicklytheSovietplayerrunsfortheports.ShouldtheAxisplayertaketheVPhitandbringinthe60thMotorizedDivision?ItcouldbeagamewinneriftheSovietplayerfailstowithdrawina timelymanner,butwill theSovietplayerbe that cooperative?Doubtful.Also, youget it right at the start ofMud season—nothelpful.Couldthe60thproveinvaluablebreakingthroughtheKerchorSevastopoldefenses?Perhapsso,butit’sanexpensivedivisiontokeepuptostrengthandfullyeffective,andthecompetentSovietplayerwillstartbackstoppinghislineswherethe60thisattackingto limit motorized and infiltration movement opportunities.

WhataboutthecompetingVPplans?TheKerchplanallowsyoutobringintwomoregooddivisions,allowingyoutoattackKerchingreaterforce,orfreeupmoreof11thArmytoattackSevastopol.Gettingtheabilitytobuildstrongpointsisalsoabigplus.Thedown-sideisthatyoucrippleyourattackonSevastopol,andthatmaywellprovetobefatalwhentryingtoekeoutavictory.TheSevastopolplanisstillprobablymostachievable,thoughthreeinfantryreplace-mentpointsisscantrecompenseforbludgeoningyourwaythroughsuccessivedefensivelines.

Doingbetter.CertainlytheAxisplayerwillgarrisonKerchstronglyenoughthattheSovietplayerwillprobablyneverbesuccessfulinrecapturingit.TheSovietplayerneedstobemuchmoreaggressivewithAmphibiousAssaults. Smaller assaults can be staged fromSevastopolitself,andthewesternCrimeacoastlineisvulnerableintheextreme.Ifanassaultdoesnomorethaneliminateasteportwoof coastal garrison units, the Axis player will have to first dispatch aforcelargeenoughtodestroytheassaultforcesorforcethemtoevacuate, and then re-garrison the area, reducing troop strengthelsewhere.

�0.� Scenario #�: Kerch: The Party Boss AttacksHistorical SummaryAftertheDecemberandJanuarybattlestheKerchPeninsulafrontstabilizedastheSovietscontinuedtopourinreinforcements.Thisraisedtheircommitmenttothreearmieswithabout210,000men,soon28Januarytheyre-designatedtheircommandasCrimeanFront,Lt.Gen.D.T.Kozlovcommanding.

Stalinviewed the reliefofSevastopol asofgreat importance. IfSoviet troopscouldbreakout, theycould threaten thedeep rearofGermanArmyGroupSouth.AllplanstiedintothegreatStalinmandatedoffensivesthenunderwayfromLeningradtotheBlackSea.ToemphasizetheimportancehesentHighCommandArmyCommissarLevMekhlis,abloodthirstypoliticalcrony,toensureoffensiveswouldbepressedvigorously.

On27FebruarytheSovietsstruck.Themainblowfellonalightlyheld outpost line on the northern part of the Parpach Line.TheRomaniansthereyieldedquicklyandthentheSovietsturnedtheirattentiontotheGermanpartoftheline.Thistoowasthinlyheldbutitdidnotyield.WithreservesmovinguptheGermanssoughttostrikeback.FortwodaysbadweatherhamperedbattleoperationsandthenathawrelievedtheGermansituationbyboggingtheSovietadvance.WiththethawcametheLuftwaffe.AsStukasrainedbombsonSoviettankstheSovietoffensivebrokedown.Bytheeveningof3Marchthebattlehaddrawntoaclose.TheSovietsstillheldtheirgainsinthenorthernsector,anoticeabledentintheline,buttherewasnohintofabreakthrough.

Sinceexhaustionwasnoexcusenottoattack,MeklisorderedtheSoviets to resume their offensive. On 13 March Crimean Frontsurged forth with eight rifle divisions and two tank brigades and, after aslightgainofgroundanddespiteabriefvictoryovertheuntestedandnewly arrivedGerman22PanzerDivision, theywere againheldincheck,losing136tanksinthreedays.On9Apriltheytriedagain in another major effort with about six rifle divisions and 160 tanksand,asbefore,theywerequicklydefeatedwithheavylossesforlittleperceptiblegain.Eachattackturnedouttobeamilitarydisaster.Nonewaspreparedadequatelyandallsufferedfrompoorlogisticalsupport.Solittletacticalplanningtookplacethatattacksbecamepredictableandcouldbeeasilydefeated.Mekhlisblamedhiscommanders;thecommandersblamedthetroops,therebycausingalltosuffer.IntheendthesedisastersfatallysetuptheSovietsforthegreatdefeatsofMayandJune.

Required:• ScenarioCard#2Back• Unitsused:RefertoScenarioCard#2Back

�0.�� Scenario Length.Therearenineturns.StartwiththeSovietportionofGT126andendat the endofGT134.Theweather isautomaticallyFrostforGT126.ResolvetheWeatherTableforallremainingturns.

NOTE: The Axis player has not committed any air units to Naval Movement Interdiction.

�0.�� Scenario Area.MapandMap-THoldingBoxonScenarioCard#2Back

33Crimea PLAYBOOK


�0.�3 Placementa. The Axis player sets up first.

b.ResolveAirReadinessbeginningGT127Sovietnon-Navalairunitshavethe+2DRMappliedtoReadinessdierollssinceSim-feropolhasfallen.

�0.�4 Scenario Special Rulesa.BothsidesalwayshaveAttackSupply;donotuseMSUs.GeneralSupplyrestrictionsstillapply.SovietunitsrollforsurrenderonlyifunabletotraceLOCtoafriendlyport[PB7.6].

b.Neithersidereceivesreplacementsorstrongpoints(exceptforthethreeatstartAxisstrongpoints).

c.WheneveratleastoneofthetwoarmorunitsoftheGerman22ndPanzerDivisionisinadefenderhex,doubletheattackstrengthofanySovietarmorunitattackingthathex.

DESIGN NOTE: Not only had 22 Pz.Div. not completed its training, but it went into battle against Soviet T-34s with old French tanks captured during 1940. The result was disaster.

d. Commissar Meklis.Stalin’shenchmanforcedtheCrimeanFrontintonumerouscostlyattacks.Toaccuratelysimulatethecarnage,thefollowingtwoscenariospecialrulesareineffect:

1.SovietplayermustmaketwomandatedattacksonGTs126,127and128andonemandatedattackonGTs129and130.

2. Ignore theR(retreat)portionofanySovietattackercombatresult.AttackingSovietunits remain inplace.AddoneSovietsteplosstotheresultinlieuoftheretreat.AttackingSovietunitsarestillsubject topossibleonesteplossifanasteriskresult isobtained.

e. Effective Axis Air Support. In any combat whereAxis airunitscontributeoneormoreDRMs,Soviettankunits(ifpresent)must take the first printed step loss of the combat result [addition toBSR16.31c]orthenoattackerretreatadditionalsteploss[PB10.64d.2].

�0.�5 Victory Conditionsa.TheSovietplayerwinsaTacticalVictoryifhecapturesandholdstwoormoreofthefollowinghexesattheendofthescenario:5614,5615,5616or5715.

b.TheSovietplayeralsowinsaTacticalVictoryifhecapturesandholdshex5816attheendofthescenario.

c. TheSovietplayerwinsanOperationalvictoryifhecapturesandholdsfriendlyeitherFeodosia(hex5718)orAxisrailheadhex5516attheendofthescenario.

d.TheAxisplayerwinsifheavoidsSovietvictoryconditions.

�0.�� Play Notes.Axis.TheSovietswill take theStrongpoint at 5815heldby theRomanians.BesttoissuethemanAdditionalRetreatordertotrytosavethedefenderstep.TheGermanheldstrongpointsin5816and5817areadifferentmatter.BothshouldbeissuedNoRetreatorders.Bothhexesmustbeheld.TheSovietswillbreakthroughtothenorthandtheywillcreateabulge.Youcannotstopthiswestwardmovementinitiallybecauseofthescarcityofunits,butyoumusttry at all costs tokeep theSoviets fromendingadjacent to fourhexsidesofStrongpointhex5816topreventAxisreinforcements

fromenteringthehex.Ifnotcontinuallyreinforced,thedefenderscanbeattritedaway,andonceSovietoccupied,thehexprobablycannotberetaken.ReinforceFeodosiasothatitcannotbetakenbyAmphibious Assault. Use the arriving Axis units to first stop the Sovietadvanceinthenorth,andthenselectivelycounterattacktogainbackground.

Soviet.Youhavesomanystepstolose!Attackeverywhereonthefirst turn, but endeavor to get the highest odds possible. Don’t forget aboutusingnavalunitswiththeirSupportStrengths,especiallyonGT126whenAxisairunitscannotperformNavalMovementInter-diction.Assoonaspracticable,loadyourtransportsandkeeptheminreadinessforachancetolandandcaptureFeodosia.IftheydonotgettoAmphibiousAssault,theystillserveavaluablefunctionbyforcingtheAxisplayertokeepscarceunitsinandaroundFeodosiatopreventalanding.OneofyourmaintaskswillbetocontrolthecrushofSovietunitscrowdingwest.Packthemtoocloselytogetherand fully stacked hexes will prevent shuffling weakened formations totherearandpushingfreshformationsforward.ThenorthernwinghasthedualtaskofattackingwestinstrengthtowardRailheadhex5516andattackingsouthtoisolateStrongpointhex5816.Getyourtwomotorizedunitsforwardtoteamupwiththearmoredunitstoachievethe–1DRMCombinedArmsBonus.

�0.� Scenario �: Kerch: Operation TrappenjagdHistorical SummaryAsanecessarypreliminarytothecaptureofSevastopol,vonMan-stein would have to first clear the Kerch Peninsula, the area that hadbeengivinghimtroublesincetheendofDecember.Mansteinwanted to begin the operation as soon as possible and broughtconsiderable forces to the field. He received 28th Light Division andthehighlymobile22ndPanzerDivision(nowretrainedfromitsMarchmissteps),someRomanians,andstrongreinforcementsfromtheSevastopolareaincludingsuper-heavyartillery.ThebiggestadditionwasVIIIAirCorps(vonRichthofencommanding)ofsome460 fresh aircraft, a deadly efficient close support force. Manstein was confident of a quick victory.

GermanintelligencefairlyaccuratelyestimatedtheSoviets,peggingthem at 17-21 rifle divisions, 2 cavalry divisions, and 3 rifle and 4 tankbrigadesofCrimeanFronttodefendtheKercharea.AllwerestillunderthecommandofineptGeneralD.T.Kozlov,andhewasstill saddled with political commissar Mekhlis.The Soviets hadimproved the Parpach Line fortifications, set up a sketchy secondary line a few kilometers back, and established a final line well to the rearatMarfovkaalonganancientTartarwall.

Manstein’sforcesstruckon8May,focusingonthesouthernsectoroftheLine,theareaofsmallestSovietreserves.Becauseofthenar-rownessofthefront,MansteinreasonedtheGermanswouldhavetodefeatboththefrontlinetroopsandthereservesintheinitialattack.As it turnedout, theplanworked. Infantrymadeadirect frontalassaultwithRichthofen’saircraftclearingthewaywhileartilleryandotheraircraftdisruptedSovietreserves.ThenanadhocgroupundervonGroddeckofassortedGermanandRomanianmotorizedunitsburst throughthemain lineandgot into theSoviet reservepositions.ContinuedairattackdisruptedtheSovietresponseandthenbadweathersteppedintoboganyremainingSovietresponse.

34 Crimea PLAYBOOK


Despitethis,Sovietarmormanagedaseriesofcounterattacks,butwithcoordinationpoornonescoredmuchsuccess.

Finallyonthe10thSovietHighCommandallowedKozlovtofallbackbut itwasnotuntil the12th thathecould issueorders,bywhichtimethesituationhadbrokendown.Kozlovhadcompletelylostcontrolofthebattle.SoviettroopsnowstreamedeastwardstogettoKerchforevacuationaheadoftheGermans.ThisleftmanyformationspinnedintheParpachLine.Onthe15thKerchsurren-deredleavingonlymop-upoperationsthatcontinuedfornearlyaweekmore.

Suchmilitarydisastersasthiswouldnotbewithoutthehorrorsofwar.TheevacuationfromKerchhadbeensoprecipitatethattroopswereleftbehind.Someofthese,mostlypersonnelfromtwospecial-istacademiesandthe95thNKVDBorderGuardDetachment(ledbyCol.P.M.Yagunov),plusmanyciviliansfromthecityofKerch,soughtrefugeintheextensive42km.undergroundlimestonequarryandcavesystemofnearbyAdzhimushkai.Accountshavethematfirst just hiding from the Germans, but they soon had to raid for sup-plies.TheGermanssealedofftheareabutlaterresortedtodrasticmeanstorootthemoutofthecaves,perhapsevenusingpoisongas.Morelikelythough,theyusedanirritant,orchoking,gas(whichwouldnothavebeenawarcrime)buttheeffectsmayhavebeenthe same as the gas displaced oxygen in the confined spaces of the caves. Finally over five months later in late October, only some 48 survivors(outofthousands,thetotalnumbervariesconsiderablyaccording to which account you read, ranging from 3000 up to20,000,andhigher)emergedtobesenttoPOWcamps.ThehighernumbersofdeathsmayincludevictimsoftheNKVDpurgesofthelate1930s,notablyatnearbyBagerovskiyRogwhereperhaps12,000“Kulaks”were executed.Anotherproblem iswhether all soughtrefugeinthesamecavesystem,therebeingseveralquarriesinthearea.Regardless,AdzhimushkaihassincegaineditsplaceinSovietloreasanotherBrestfortress,asortofRussian“Alamo.”

Overall, forabout7600casualties theGermansachievedahugevictoryclaiming170,000prisoners,1133guns,and258tanksasbooty.AlthoughtheSovietsclaimed120,000oftheirmenescapedtheencirclements,theresultremainedacleardisaster.BothKozlovandMekhliswerecashiered,aswellasothers.Kozlovwasindeedslowanddeserveddismissal.Mekhlisagainattemptedtocoverhismistakesbyblamingallonhissubordinates,butthistimeStalinwasnotbuyingthatargument.

Requirements:• ScenarioCard#3Front• Unitsused:RefertoScenarioCard#3Front.

�0.�� Scenario Length. There are five turns. Start with GT161 and endwithGT165.TheweatherisautomaticallyMud(noStorm)forGT161andClear(noStorm)forallremainingturns.

�0.�� Scenario Area.EntiremapareaonScenarioCard#3Front

�0.�3 Placementa. The Soviet player sets up first.

b.ResolveAirReadinessbeginningGT162.Sovietnon-Navalairunitshavethe+2DRMappliedtoReadinessdierollssinceSim-feropolhasfallen.

c.Theinitialset-upshowsthepositionsofAxisandSovietunitsafterpreliminarysuccessfulAxisattacksintoSovietforwardpositions.

1.ManyoftheAxisandSovietairunitshavealreadybeencom-mittedandhavebeenplacedintheirrespectiveFlown,DamagedorDestroyedBoxes.AxisandSovietairunitsremainingintheirReadyboxesareavailableforuseinGT161.

2.TheAxis player has already eliminated three Soviet steps:one each from the 63rd Mountain Division and the 276th and396th Rifle Divisions. These steps do count toward Axis victory [10.75].

�0.�4 Scenario Special Rulesa. BothsidesalwayshaveAttackSupply;donotuseMSUs.GeneralSupplyrestrictionsstillapply.SovietunitsrollforSurrenderonlyifunabletotraceaLOCtoafriendlyport[PB7.6].

b.Neithersidereceivesreplacementsorbuildsnewstrongpoints.Thereisnorailconversionorrailmovement.

c.AxisBrigadeGroddeckmaybebrokendownintoitscomponentsub-unitsatthestartofanyAxisMovementorMotorizedMove-mentPhase.Anysteplossesonthebrigademustbetakenfromthesub-unitsuponbreakdown.Oncebrokendown,thebrigadecannotbereformed.

d.NoSovietHQmaybedisbandedduringthecourseofthissce-nario.

e. Soviet Restrictions. HISTORICAL NOTE: Von Manstein’s well-planned attack resulted in a victory all out of proportion to the forces involved. Superior generalship played a part, but the Soviets themselves contributed mightily to their own defeat.

�)The provisions of BSR 22.25g (Overlapping radii of SovietNon-OpHQs)areineffectforallturnsofthescenario.ThereareadditionalrestrictionstoBSR22.25gforGTs161and162:

• GT 161—within the combined HQ Non-Op command radiusarea,noSovietmovementisallowedineitherSovietmovementphase.NoSovietNon-OperationalHQmayrollforOperationalRecovery[ExceptiontoBSR22.26].

HISTORICAL NOTE: Accounts show Soviets were caught by sur-prise, assuming the Axis buildup was being done simply to resist their next attack, and their initial reaction was dismal.

• GT162—SovietmultipleNon-OpHQzoneremainsineffect.Amaximumofonequalifyingnon-HQunitmaymoveeachSovietMovementPhase.HQsstillmaynotmove,butmayrollforOp-erationalRecovery.

HISTORICAL NOTE: Commissar Meklis was pushing hard to get yet another offensive underway. The Soviet bulge northwest of Par-pach filled with formations for an attack. The Axis attack caught the Soviets out of position to defend effectively, and after the April purges, commanders on the ground were not going to counterattack or retreat on their own initiative. After von Manstein struck, it took days for Kozlov to issue retreat orders and that delay proved fatal for many Soviet formations.

�) Mandated Soviet Attacks.GTs160and161—theAxisplayermaydesignateoneor twoAxishexesasdefenderhexes that theSoviet player must attack under BSR provisions for MandatedAttack.

HISTORICAL NOTE: As Axis spearheads advanced beyond the

35Crimea PLAYBOOK


front lines, they began a series of meeting engagements with Soviet reserve formations. Thanks to air superiority and air reconnaissance, Axis forces “saw” the Soviet counter attacks coming. The Soviets advanced blindly.

• GTs160and161—theAxisplayermaydesignateoneortwoAxishexesasdefenderhexesthattheSovietplayermustattackunderBSRprovisionsforMandatedAttack.TheAxisplayerdesignatestheSoviethexorhexestoperformeachMandatedAttack,BUTtheattackmustmeettheminimumsofBSR12.42.

PLAY NOTE: The Axis player must be careful when advancing after combat so one of the two provisions of BSR 12.42 can be met. Then the Axis player is free to react into a Mandated Attack defender hex with qualifying motorized units after the Mandated Attack is declared.

• AllSovietunitsinhexesdesignatedtomakeMandatedAttacksmustattack.Nonecanbeheldback.SovietartillerycannotsupportmandatedattacksunlesslocatedinahexadjacenttoadesignatedAxisdefenderhex.

• EachSovietMandatedAttackisshiftedonecolumnleftontheCRT after the final odds have been determined.

HISTORICAL NOTE: Most Soviet formations had lost severely in the earlier March and April attacks (see Scenario 6 - Kerch: The Party Boss Attacks), but could not be withdrawn to rebuild prop-erly. Untrained or poorly trained replacements were fed into these burned-out units. Soviet tactical proficiency suffered greatly.

• EachMandatedAttackwhereAxisCASmissionairunitsprovideoneormore+DRMsisshiftedoneadditionalcolumntotheleftandsuffersonesteplossoverandabovetheMandatedAttackresult.The first printed step loss must be armored if one or more armor unitsparticipateintheattack.Maximumlosscannotexceed4R.

HISTORICAL NOTE: Many accounts speak of the destruction meted out by the Luftwaffe against Soviet reserve formations moving up to attack—especially their armored formations.

• TreatanyMandatedAttackresultof“e”asa4Rresult

3)AnyattackingSovietunitunabletotraceaLOCtoKerchhasoneshift to left on CRT after final odds are determined.

4) Treat any attack at final odds of less than 1-4 as an attack with anautomatic4Rresult

f. Axis Air Support.ThelargenumberofAxisaircraftoperatingover suchasmallareameant thatAxisairpower ruled this battlefield as no other—supressing AA fire, disrupting communications and punishing reserve formations,especiallytankunits.• DuringtheentirescenarioallAxisAAdierollshavea–1DRM

inadditiontoanyotherprintedDRMs.• InanycombatwhereAxisairunitscontributeoneormoreDRMs,

Soviet tank units (if present) must take the first printed step loss ofthecombatresult[additiontoBSR16.31c].

g. Naval Rules. Donotusenavalrulesforthisscenario.Themag-nitude of the Soviet defeat caught planners by surprise.Thoughthousandsindividualtroopswerebroughtoff,noorganizedcombatformationswereevacuated.

�0.�5 Victory Conditionsa. The Axis player automatically wins if he fulfills both of the fol-lowing:• Kerch(hex6912)isfriendlyattheendofthescenario,and• Atleast34SovietstepsareintheEliminatedorCadreBoxes.

b.IfKerchisnotfriendly,theAxisplayercanstillwinifatleast52SovietstepsareintheEliminatedorCadreBoxes.

c.AnySovietunitsunabletotracesupplytoKerchattheendofthescenarioareplacedintheEliminatedBoxandthosestepsdocountfordeterminingvictory

d.The Soviet player wins if the Axis player fails to fulfill either of hissetsofvictoryconditions.

�0.�� Play Notes.General.This scenario departs in major ways from BarbarossaStandard Rules because this was no standard Axis victory. At first glanceyoulookatthisscenarioandprobablywonder,“HowfairisittosettheSovietsupforfailurebyarrangingmandatedAttacks?”It’snotfair,butthehistoricresultofthebattlewasthataftertendays of fighting (five game turns) three Soviet armies had ceased toexistandthesurvivorsweredesperatelytryingtoescapefromKerchbeforetheGermanspearheads.StandardbarbarossacombatproceduressimplypushedbackamassivewallofSovietdefenders,inflicting losses to be sure, but leaving a largely intact Soviet army betweentheAxisplayerandKerch.Thiswasanimprobablevictoryandrequiredspecialgamemechanics.Byallnumericalmeasures,theSovietsshouldhavebeenabletoeasilyholdoffvonManstein’sattackers.This was a battle dominated by intangibles—mostlynegative for theSovietsandpositive for theAxis.Seldomdidapolitical Commissar wreak more havoc on a chain of commandthan did Mekhlis. Soviet tactical proficiency was at its lowest ebb in thisbattlebecause largelyuntrainedrecruitswerepouredintoburned-outformationsthatcouldnotbetakenoutoflinetorestandretrain. Axis forces were well trained, had every confidence in von Manstein,andweresupportedbyoneofthedeadliestconcentrationsoftacticalairsupportseenontheeastFront.

Axis. YourprimarytaskistobreakouttowardKerchasquicklyaspossible.DONOTattacktheSovietbulge.Anyattacksthereserveonly topushSovietunits east toward freedom. Instead,onyourfirst turn (GT 161), attack only hex 5916 and advance into it. Save your air units for the Soviet Combat Phase. It would be beneficial to designateyourAxisoccupiedhexes5816and5916asthedefenderhexestobeattackedbytheSovietswiththeirtwoMandatedAttacks.DONOTdesignateanyoftheSovietbulgehexestotakepartinMandatedAttacks.NoSovietmovementcanoccurtoreinforceorreducethedesignatedMandatedAttackhexes,sotheSovietattackforcesshouldfareverypoorly.YourforcesshouldbeabletoAdvanceintoParpachonGT162andeffectivelycutoffthenumerousunitsinthebulge.Sovietmovementrestrictionswillpreventmostunitsfrommovingagain,andSovietGT162mandatedattacksshouldagainresultinveryheavylosses.BytheendofGT162youshouldbeonthevergeofbreakout,sopusheastasfarandfastaspossible,leavingbehindonlyenoughunitstoholdthecut-offSovietunitsinplaceuntiltheysurrenderortheendofthescenariooccurs.

Soviet.Atoughscenario.Youaregoingtolosealotofunits,soconcentrateonlyontheunitsyoucanpullback.Youwillhavetochoosebetweendefendinginplaceinforceorrunningandleaving



staybehindunitstodelay.Bothapproachesprovedtobefeasible,butsituationonthegroundandAxisplayerskillleveldictatedthebestcoursetofollow.

�0.� Scenario #�: Sevastopol: Operation Storfang

“The next task will be … the capture of Sevastopol.” —Hitler’sDirective#41,dated5April1942

“I am sure that the glorious defenders of Sevastopol shall live up to their duty to the Homeland with dignity and honor.” —Stalin,June1942

Historical SummaryEverything now centered on Sevastopol. For this final battle the Sovietspreparedaboutaswellascouldbedone.Themaindefensesnow consisted generally of three fortification belts, an outer belt in anarcfromBelbecktoBalaclava,areservelinegenerallyalongthelineoftheSapunHeights,andthenaninnerbeltbasedonantiquefortifications encircling the city and port directly. In between was a labyrinth of additional bunkers, anti-tank obstacles, and minefields. DefendingSevastopolwastheIndependentCoastalArmy,stillcom-mandedbyOktyabrskyandPetrov,ofabout106,000men,atleast600artillerypieces,over2000mortars,andabout38tanks.Thou-sandsofadditionaltroopswouldbeshippedinduringthebattle.

AgainstthishugearrayMansteindeployednearly200,000Germansand Romanians supported by 563 field guns, 48 siege guns [see sidebar],and754rocketlaunchers(nebelwerfer),plussomeheavyanti-aircraft guns to be used as direct fire weapons, and almost no tanks(abattalionarrivedlater).Allwereplentifullysuppliedwithammunition.ThemostimportantAxisasset,however,wastheVIIIAirCorpswithover600aircraftmannedbypersonnelwellexperi-encedincombatclosesupport.

Theattackbeganon3JunewithaprogrambarrageofWWIpro-portions that lasted five days. Just before dawn on 7 June the first sectionsofGermaninfantrybegantheirassault.Thistheyhadtoperformmethodically.Despite the immensebarragemostSovietbunkerssurvivedbecausetheyhadbeenduginto theunderlyingbedrock.EachpositionrequireditsowncampaignofattackwiththeSoviettroopsoftenresistingtothedeathandtakingmanyGermanswiththem.German22ndand50thDivisionsworkedtheirwayintotheBelbeckValleywiththe132ndDivisionfollowing.AsthisattackwitheredinfrontofSovietCitadels(suchasFt.Stalin),Mansteinopenedtheattackonthesouthernperimeter.

Strategically,theGermansfollowedaplanofconvergingattackswiththeRomanianscoveringthecenter.Theycalculatedthatwithpres-sure on both flanks Soviet reserves would split and thereby would noteffectivelysupporteachother.Generally, thebattle followedtheGermanplan.Onebyonetheforts in thenorthwerebrokenandoverrunwhileinthesouthernsectorGermanforcescloseduptotheSapunHeights.

On the 19th the huge Maxim Gorky I battery finally fell, well after itsheavygunshadbeensilenced,andonthenextdaytheGermansadvancedtoSevernayaBay,effectivelyclosingtheporttoshipping.Butnotuntil26JunedidtheGermanscontrolthemaindefensivebelt.Afterabriefresttobringupheavyartillery,MansteinorderedanattackbystormboatsacrossSevernayaBay(hexside1626/1627)

in order to outflank the Sapun Heights defenses.

During the night of 27/28 June the final offensive began. The amphibious move completely surprised the Soviets and now allremainingpositionsfellinquicksuccession.FourdayslaterMan-steinannouncedthefallofSevastopolandon4JulythelastmainSoviet forces were surrendered just after the fall of the MaximGorkyIIbattery.

Germanlossescametoabout24,000andtheRomanianssufferedabout2500casualties.TheSoviets lost nearly their entire force.Onlyafewthousandevacuatedduringthebattle,andnoneatitsendsaveforahandfulofthetopcommanders.Therewerenoplansfor full evacuation. As one measure of the intensity of the fight-ing,theGermanarmyaloneexpendedabout6.7millionroundsofsmallarmsammunition(ofabout9millionavailable).Sevastopolgainednotorietyasoneofthegreatsiegesofthewarandlaterwasgiven the honorific, “Hero City.” With its fall coming at the time ofthefallofTobruk(inAfrica)inJuneitappearedtoplannersinBerlinthatnothingcouldwithstandAxismilitarypower.Nextstop:Stalingrad.

Required:• ScenarioCard#3Back• ScenarioCard#4Back

Units used:RefertoScenarioCard#4Back

�0.�� Scenario Length. There are fifteen turns. Start with GT176 andendwithGT190.TheweatherisautomaticallyDry(noStorm)forallturns.DonotresolvetheWeatherTable[Historically,itwasintenselydryandhot].

�0.�� Scenario Area.UsetheInsetmapandMap-THoldingBoxonScenarioCard#3Back

�0.�3 Placementa. The Soviet player sets up first. Place an Interdiction Level 2 marker ontheSovietCoastalArmyHQinInsethex1428(simulatestheeffectsofthepre-assaultbombardmentoncommunications).ThismarkeraffectsHQorderissuanceandartillerysupportonly.IftheAxis player wishes to interdict the port of Sevastopol, he mustconductanairinterdictionmission.

b. ResolveAirandNavalReadinesseachturnstartingGT177.

DESIGN NOTE: All Soviet air units are single engine aircraft units based within the Soviet perimeter at Sevastopol. Do not apply the +2 Air readiness DRM to the IL-2 air unit.

�0.�4 Scenario Special Rulesa.BothsidesalwayshaveAttackSupply;donotuseMSUs.GeneralSupplyrestrictionsstillapply.

DESIGN NOTE: The initial Axis supply situation for 11th Army in September 1941 was quite tight at an average of about 1.7 supply trains per day. During the Spring the situation improved steadily with the average moving up to 9 trains and then 12 trains, then almost 15 trains daily, enough that for this scenario sufficient attack supply can be assumed as always present.

b.SovietcombatunitssufferEmergencyorOutofSupplyeffectsonlyifunabletotraceaSupplyRoutetoafriendlySovietport.SovietunitsrollforSurrenderonlyifunabletotraceaLOCtoafriendlyportunlessoccupyinganundestroyedCitadelhex[PB7.6].

3�Crimea PLAYBOOK


DESIGN NOTE: Axis interdiction or port loss will almost certainly reduce supply capacity below the level needed to keep all Soviet units in General Supply, yet historically most Soviet units kept fighting steadfastly until cut off from an escape port. Apparently the Soviets had used the respite between the November/December assault and Operation Storfang to amass ample levels of supply in and around Sevastopol.

c.TheSovietplayerreceivesoneTypeIRPeachturntomoveoneZAPunitintheCadreBoxtotheActiveBox.

d.NoadditionalStrongpointscanbebuiltbyeitherside.

e. NoSovietrailmovementallowed(Axisbombardmentandbomb-inghadwreckedthetracksbeyondrepairduringthescenariotimeframe).NoAxisrailconversionallowedeither.

f.WhileontheInsetMapaSovietHQisnotrequiredtobestackedwithartilleryunitstoallowthemtocombinetheirsupportstrengthswhenattackingordefendinginasinglecombat.ArtilleryornavalunitsontheInsetneedonlybewithinCommandRangeofanHQalsoontheInset.AirInterdictionoftheHQstillreducesthetotalnumberofartilleryunitsthatcancombineforadeclaredcombat.


g. Naval Artillery Support. Navalunitsprovidingartillerysupportforgroundunitsareincludedwithintheartilleryunitcombinationrestrictions[andPB7.34.a],andmustbewithinrangeofanopera-tionalHQwhencombiningwithotherartillery[seealsoPB8.6].Navalunitscanconductartillerysupport(attackingordefending)regardlessoftheirReadinessstatus.

h. Evacuation.OntheturnoneormoreAxisgroundcombatunitsentershex1526,theSovietplayermustplaceanEvacuationmarker[PB8.55]inporthex1527(orviceversaifhex1527isoccupiedfirst), and it remains there for the rest of the scenario. The port hex no longer functions as a supply source for the remainder of thescenario.

1.NofurtherunloadingofunitsorMSUsisallowed.

2.AnySovietnavalunitsinportinhex1527(1526)mustputtoseaimmediately[followproceduresofPB8.23b].

3.Sovietairunitshavea+4DRMappliedtoallreadinessdierolls(chaoticsupplysituationwiththeclosingofporthex1527).

DESIGN NOTE: Once hex 1526 (1527) is Axis occupied all naval units in port hex 1527 (1526) would come under Axis direct fire with a high probability of being sunk in port.

i.CoastalArmyHQcannotmoveexcepttoutilizeNavalTransport(AxisgroundandairbombardmentforcedvulnerableHQelementsunderground).

j. AxisSuper-HeavyArtilleryprovisionsofPB7.32and7.33areineffect.

�0.�5 Victory Conditionsa.TheAxisplayerwinsifhehas20VPsormoreattheendofthescenario.

b. The Soviet player wins if the Axis player fails to fulfill his vic-toryconditions.

�0.�� Play NotesAxis.Youstandagoodchanceofwinningthisscenario,butwillhavetopushhard.Youareshortofgroundtroops—again,buthavesomeawesomeSuper-Heavyartilleryandampleairsupportatstarttocompensate.ThemostvulnerablesectionoftheSovietlineisagainthe northern section close by the coast where the Fortified Belt was losttotheAxisthepreviousDecember.UseyourSuper-Heaviestooffetthe+DRMsandnegatetheasteriskresultsinsupportoffewerhigh-odds attacks designed to inflict step losses. Where possible, includeoneassaultgunandoneFlakunitinyourmajorattacksbe-cause of their doubling effect against undestroyed fortifications. You haveafairnumberofreplacementsteps,butevenwhenattackingselectively,bythetimetheSevernayaBayisreachedonedivisionwillusuallyhavebeencannibalizedtoprovideadditionalinfantryreplacements. The Soviet player has sufficient reserves to hold parts oftheforwardlineforseveralturns,buteventuallythedambreaksandyoucan surge toward thenorthern shoreofSevernayaBay,takingawaymostoftheSovietportcapacityintheprocess.DonotforgettopositionCDartilleryincoastalhex1427.SovietPorthex1428isstillusable,butdoubledCDartillerycanmakeitverycostlytoenterandexit.Makecaptureofhex1726apriority.OnceAxisoccupied,SovietunitsnorthoftheBayarecutoffwithnoretreatpossibleexceptforSeaTransport.EverySovietunittrappedtherecan’thelpprolongthebattleforSevastopolitself.TheasteriskSuper-Heavieswilleventuallyrunoutofammunition,buttheAxisplayershould use them often to bust through the fortified belt, especially the459thbecauseitcannotmoveandtheI-833becausewhileverypowerful,ithasaveryshortrange.Doracannotmove,sosaveoneortwoshotsforthefarsouthernCitadels.TheotherS-HartilleryshouldbemovedassoonasthethenorthshoreofSevernayaBayiscleared.AstheAxisadvanceclosesinonSevernayaBay,begintransferringinfantrytothesouthtoovercometheSapunHeights.Surprisingly,thenextmostvulnerableSovietsectoristheweaklyheldStrongpointlinenearBalaklava.Axisforcesarestrongenoughinitially to make inroads into this Strongpoint line, drawing inreservestostabilizethesituation.YourmostimportantairmissionwillbeinterdictingtheCoastalArmyHQeachandeveryturn.YoudonotwantthatHQtobeissuinganyNoRetreatorders.Thisin-terdictioncanprovetobecostlybecausetheHQiswellprotectedbySovietAA.Youmayhaveairunitsdamagedordestroyedoverthecourseoftheinterdictioneffort.NextinimportancearetheCASmissionsinsupportofthemajorattacks.Finally,ShippingAttackmissions only if Soviet naval units suffer significant damage on the MovementLosstable.

Soviet. Despite the strength of your fortifications in the north, you are overmatchedtherebytheAxisSuper-Heavyartilleryandairunits.Still,youwillusemostofyourarrivingZapunitsintheearlyturnstorebuildandstrengthenunitsinfrontoftheCitadels.RememberthatZapunitscanbeusedtostrengthenunitsthatareinAxisZOCs.Also remember that Axis ZOCs do not extend into the Fortified Belthexes,soyoucansometimeshavegoodlateralmovementtopluggapsorreinforcethreatenedhexes.Also,unitsinundestroyedCitadelscannotbeforcedtoretreat.YourCLscanprovidegood,consistent fire support and will be needed to fill the gap when your GuardartilleryistransportedbacktotheMap-THoldingBoxtoavoidgivingtheAxisplayerVPsfortheirdestruction.SevastopolPorthex1428issafestforthem,notbeingsusceptibletoEvacuationorbeingforcedtomovewhenAxisunitsoccupythenorthshoreofSevernayaBay.Preserveyourairunitsforaslongaspossible.Firing



unitsarebestusedtocountertheinterdictionmissionsandforceAxis firing units to opt out of interdiction and engage in Air Combat. SovietMissionunitsshouldbeusedforthemostpartagainstlesserAxisdiversionaryattackswhenAxisunitsarefewornon-existantinorder toprovide+DRMsand increaseAxis losses.RecognizewhendefeatisinevitableinthenorthandwithdrawthebulkoftheunitsnorthofSevernayaBaytoprolongthebattletothesouth.DonotfailtohaveSovietnavalunitsinporthexes1526and1527sailbeforeAxisunitsoccupyporthex1526andforcenavalunitsinbothportstoleavewithnegativeNavalMovementDRMs.Forgetaboutthesouthportionofyourlineatyourperil.AxisforcesarestrongenoughtorollupyourStrongpointline,andthereareenoughlong-range S_H artillery units to offset the fortification +DRMs and at timesnegatetheasteriskresultstoo.Wheredefendinginthenorthisoftenabrutalhold-in-placeaffair,defendinginthesouthisoftenaboutdelayingandtradingsmallunitsfortime.KeepingyourHQon map as long as possible is beneficial. It draws off Axis air units andwhenAAdierollsaregood,theHQcanissueoneorpossiblytwoorders.Still,youmaywant to transportyourHQoutbeforetheAxisCDartilleryoccupieshex1427.IfyouwaituntilbothCDunitsendupin1427andthereisaLevel2InterdictionmarkerintheNavalMovementInterdictionBox,youstandagoodchanceoflosingtwoVPsifyourtransportingnavalunitissunk.ItwouldbetimetoconsidermovingtheCLsbacktoMap-THoldingBoxalso.

�0.9 Scenario #9: Kerch: The Kerch-Feodosiya OperationHistorical SummaryKerch-Feodosiya Landing OperationTranslated by Thomas F. Burke

From:L.T.Yermilov,ed.,BoyevayaLetopis,Voyenno-Morskogo Flota 1941-1942 [Military Chronicle of the Navy 1941-1942], Mos-cow:Voyenizdat,1983.Withsomeadditionsbytranslatorprimarilyfrom:Shirokorad,Aleksandr,Bitva za Chernoye More [Battle for the Black Sea], Tranzitkniga:Moscow,2005.

AttheendofNovember, StavkaoftheSupremeHighCommandmadethedecisiontoconductalandingoperationwiththegoalsoftheliberationoftheKerchPeninsula,theprovisionofhelptothedefenseofSevastopol,and thecreationofconditions for furtheractionstoliberateCrimea.

30 November – 7 December. ThedecisiontoreturntotheKerchPeninsula was made several days after the evacuation of Soviettroopsfromthere.On30NovembertheCommanderoftheTrans-caucasusFront(TCF)Gen-LtD.T.KozlovinaccordwithadirectiveofStavkapresentedapreliminaryplanforanamphibiouslandingontheeasternshoreoftheKerchPeninsula.On5DecembertheDeputyChiefof theGeneralStaffGen-LtA.M.Vasilevsky, theDeputychiefoftheGeneralStaff,proposedthatVice-AdmiralF.S.Oktyabrsky,theCommanderoftheBlackSeaFleet(BSF),reporttoStavkahis ideasabout thepossibilityofconductinga landingoperationtocapturetheKerchPeninsulainmid-December.On6DecembertheBSFcommanderreportedthatconductofanopera-tionwaspossible.KerchandFeodosiyawereselectedasthemainlandingplaces;itwasproposedthatalandingbeconductedfromwarshipsatthepierintheportofFeodosiya.On7DecemberStavka

approvedtheplanproposedbytheCommanderTCF.Inadditiontoit,anamphibiouslandingatFeodosiyawastobeexamined.TheBSFandAzovMilitaryFlotilla(AMF)weretobesubordinatedtotheCommanderTCFduringtheoperation.

13 December.TheTCF Commander was given the directive toconductthelandingoperation.Itenvisagedthesimultaneouslandingofthemainforcesofthe44thArmy(Gen-MajA.N.Pervushin)inFeodosiyaandauxiliarylandingsintheareasofKoktebel,SsypnoyPoint,andMountOpuk,andthe51stArmy(Gen-LtV.N.Lvov)ontheeasternandnorthernshoresoftheKerchPeninsula.Thelandingforceswereordered toencircleanddestroy theenemygroupinglocatedonthepeninsulacomposedofthe46thInfantryDivisionandtwoseparatetankbattalionsofthe42ndArmyCorpsandtheRomanian3rdMotorizedRegimentand8thCavalryBrigade(upto25,000men,180guns,and118tanks).

TheBSFwasorderedtoconductthelandingofthe44thArmyandsupportthetroopsontheshore.Fortheconductoftheoperationships of the fleet and transports were divided into three main groups: alandingdetachmentinFeodosiya(LandingDetachment“A”),alandingdetachmentintheMountOpukarea(LandingDetachment“B”),andacoveringdetachmentcomposedofthecruiser“Molotov”,leader“Tashkent”,anddestroyer“Smyshleniy”underthecommandofthecruisercommanderCapt1stRankYu.K.Zinovyev.

Troops of the 51stArmy were to be landed by theAMF (RearAdmiralS.G.Gorshkov)andtheKerchNavalBase(KNB)(RearAdmiralFrolov)whichwereoperationallysubordinatedtotheArmy.Theperiodofreadinessforconductoftheoperationwasfrom19Decemberanditsintendedstarton21December.

23 December.Theplanandperiodoftheconductofthelandingoperationwas changedat thedirectionof theTCFCommander,sinceinconnectionwiththebeginningoftheenemyoffensiveonSevastopol on 17 December, the 345th Rifle Division and 79th Naval Rifle Brigade, which had been designated for the landing force, were dispatched there; and a significant number of ships andtransportvesselswerealsodrawnuponforthetransportofthetroopstoSevastopol.

Accordingtothechangedplan,theoperationwastobeconductedintwophases:on26December,thelandingof51stArmyonthenorthandeastoftheKerchPeninsulaandaregimentof44thArmyatMountOpuk;andon29December,thelandingof44thArmyinFeodosiya.

25-31 December.Actions of theAzov Military Flotilla. On 25Decembertheloadingoflandingforcesontheshipsandvesselsofthe AMF was carried out, the 224th Rifle Division and 83rd Naval Rifle Brigade were loaded in Temryuk and part of the 12th Rifle BrigadeinKuchugury.Forparticipationinthelandingoperationinthe composition of the flotilla, five landing detachments were created. From1230hoursto2200hourson25Decemberthedetachmentswentouttoseawiththecalculationofreachingthelandingareasby0500hourson26December.

The1stDetachment (Capt-LtF.P.Shiovnikov),composedof theminelayer “Zarya”, minesweeper-craft “Akula”, and 3 fishing boats, wastoland530landingtroopsinKazantinskiyBay.

The2ndDetachment (Capt-2ndRankV.S.Grozniy-Afonin)wasdividedintowesternandeasterngroups.Inthedetachmentwerethe gunboat “Don”, steamships “Krasniy flot” and “Penay”, tug

39Crimea PLAYBOOK


“Nikopol”withbarge,selfpropelledscows“Gordipiya”and“Fana-goriya”withninebarges,patrolboats“CKA-123”and“CKA-128”,and 15 fishing boats. The detachment was to land a force composed of2,883men,3tanks,19gunsandmortars,and18horsesintheCapeZyukarea.

The 3rd Detachment (Capt-LtA.D. Nikolayev), composed oftheminesweeper-craft “Uragan”, self-propelledbarge“Tamans”,dredger “Voroshilov” and 2 fishing boats was to land 1,070 men withfourgunsatCapeTarkhan.

The4thDetachment(Capt3rdRankV.M.Dubrovov)wasdividedintowesternandeasterngroups.Itwascomposedofthegunboats“No.4” [until 7/22/41 it was Icebreaker No.4] and “Dnestr”,minesweepers“T-486”(“SovetskayaRossiya”)and“T-492”(“Be-loberezhye”), steamship “Yeysk”, tug “Dofinovka” with barge “Taganrog”, and 8 fishing boats. The detachment was to land a forcecomposedof2,198men,3tanks,8guns,andvehiclesintheCapeKhroniarea.

The5thDetachment(Capt-LtV.A.Iossa)includedtheminesweeper“T-513”(“Nord”)and“T-491”(“Kiziltash”), tug“Uritskiy”withbarge Dolzhanka” and 8 fishing boats. It was to land 1,000 men in theYenikalearea.

Thetransporttothelandingplaceswasconductedinstormycon-ditions.Manyvesselsfellbehindfromthedetachments.Thesailfishing boats and rowboats, towed behind the ships and vessels and intended for use as landing craft, filled up with water. Many of them werelost.Asaresultthelandingwasdelayed.

On26Decemberat0630hoursthe4thDetachment’swesterngroupapproachedCapeKhroniandat0730hoursbegandisembarkingthe landing force in Bulganak Bay under heavy enemy fire. A barge wasutilizedasapier.Thegunboat“Dnestr”supportedthelandingwith fire. Landing troops from the detachment’s eastern group were disembarkedtherelater.At1600hoursinordertodevelopthesuc-cessofthe4thDetachment,the5thDetachmentapproachedCapeKhroni,havingbeenredirectedtherebytheAMFCommander.Thedisembarkation of the landing force did not occur due to enemy fire andthestrongsurf.Bythemorningof27Decemberthe5thDetach-mentdepartedforTemryuk.

At0700hourson26Decemberthe2ndDetachmentapproachedCapeZyuk.Underthecoverofasmokescreenputupbythepatrolboat“CKA-123”,thedisembarkationofthelandingforcefromthefishing boats began across a barge brought up to the shore. The patrol boatstransferredthelandingtroopsfromthetransport“Penay”.At1030hoursthe1stDetachmentapproachedCapeZyuk;ithadbeendelayedbecauseofthestormandwasredirectedtotheareabytheflotilla commander. At 1050 hours enemy aviation began an attack. Thebarge“Fanagoriya”wassunk,andthestreamships“Krasnyyflot” and “Penay” were damaged. The minesweeper-craft “Akula” was thrown on shore by a wave, while one fishing boat pierced its hull by striking a rock. In these conditions the 1st Detachment,havingdisembarkedaroundhalfofthelandingtroops,departedforCapeKhroni.Atthesameplacebytheendoftheday,havingnotcompleteddisembarkation,the2ndDetachmentalsodeparted.

Atdawnon26Decemberthedredger“Voroshilov”andthemine-sweeper-craft“Uragan”fromthe3rdDetachmentapproachedCapeKhroni.At1245hoursthedredgerwasattackedbyenemyaircraftandsunk.The“Uragan”,overcrowdedwithpersonnelrescuedfromthedredger,gaveupdisembarkingandreturnedtoTemryuk.

Duringthenightof27DecemberintheareaofCapeKhronitheminesweeper“T-492”disembarked250menfromthesecondech-elonofthelandingforce.Duringthedaydisembarkationhadnotsucceededbecauseofincreasingenemycountermeasures.Abargewith landing troopswassunkbyenemyaviation.Thesteamship“Penay”washeavilydamagedandbeacheditselfontheshore.Thedamagedminesweeper“T-491”wastowedtoKuchugury.

On 29 December at 0100 hours the minesweepers “T-486” and“T-513”, transport “Yeysk”, tugs “Shtorm” and “Dofinovka” with barges, and patrol boats “CKA-123” and “CKA-128” under thegeneral command of Capt 3rd RankV.M. Dubovov approachedCapeKhroni.Bythistimethelandingforcethathaddisembarkedon26Decemberhadnowmovedfurtherinlandfromthecoast.Leftwithoutacoveringforce,thelandingareawasagainoccupiedbythe enemy. The detachment commander and the participating flotilla commissar, Regimental Commissar S.S. Prokofyev, considereda landing possible. However, the commander of the 224th Rifle Divisionaccompanyingthelandingforcedidnotagreewiththem.Byhisorderpartofthedetachment’sshipsandvesselswenttodis-embarkthelandingforceatYenikale,butbecauseoftheincreasingstormthedisembarkationdidnotoccur,andthevesselsdepartedforTemryuk. The steamship “Yeysk” and two fishing boats, remaining intheareaofCapeKhroni,byorderofthedetachmentcommanderdisembarkedtwobattalions(1,354menand15gunsandmortars)despiteenemyresistance.

On30Decemberonemoredetachmentwaspreparedforseacom-posedofthegunboat“No.4”,minesweepers“T-513”and“T-492”,self-propelledbarge“Gordipiya”,tugs“Nikopol”and“Kuzbass”,12 fishing boats and 2 barges under the command of Capt 2nd Rank V.S.Groznyy-Afonin.Thedetachmentwas todisembarka land-ingforceintheareaofYenikaleoratCapeKhroni,butduringthemorningof31December the liberationofKerchbecameknownandforthatreasonthetroopsonboardtheshipsandvesselsweredirectedthere.

From 26 to 31 December theAMF disembarked on the KerchPeninsula6,140menandunloaded9tanks,38gunsandmortars,9motorvehicles,and240tonsofammunition.

25 – 29 December. ActionsoftheKerchNavalBase.TheKerchNaval Base was given the task to land the 302nd Mountain Rifle DivisionontheeasternshoreoftheKerchPeninsula.Theembarka-tionofthelandingforceatKomsomolskandTamanbeganat1600hourson25Decemberandwascompletedduringthenightof26December.Thevoyagebyseawascompletedinstormyconditions.Partofthevesselsarrivedatthelandingplacelatebecauseofrun-ningaground.Thebase’sboatsandlandingcraftweredividedintothreedetachments.

The 1st Detachment, with the first landing groups (1,154 men) was composed of 8 torpedo and 2 patrol boats and 20 fishing boatsdivided into fourgroupsunder thecommandofSr-Lt I.G.Litoshenko,by0500hourson26DecemberapproachedEltingen,Kamysh-Burun,andStaryyKarantin.IntheareaofKamysh-Burunthelandingoccurredunexpectedlyfortheenemy.Thelandingtroopsfortified themselves at Kamysh-Burun Spit and the pier of the ship repairplant.IntheareaofEltingenandStaryyKarantinbecauseofstrongenemycountermeasuresonly19and55menrespectivelysucceededinlanding.UntildusktheywagedanunequalbattleandthenattemptedtobreakthroughtoKamysh-Burun.OnlytwomensucceededindoingsofromtheEltingenarea.Partofthelanding

40 Crimea PLAYBOOK


troopsfromtheStaryyKarantinareafoundasmallrowboatandwithdrewinittotheshipswhiletheremainingtroopsperished.

The 2nd Detachment, with the first echelon of the landing force (744men)wascomposedof6torpedoand2patrolboatsand12fishing boats and under the command of Sr-Lt F.I. Petrovskiy, on 26 Decemberat0700hoursapproachedKmysh-BurunSpitandthepierof the ship repair plant and was met with strong enemy fire. With the supportofthepatrolboatsandalsothe140thArtilleryBattalionoftheKNBand25thCorpsArtilleryRegimentofthe51stArmyfromtheTamanPeninsula,thedisembarkationofthelandingtroopswascarriedout.Thetorpedoboatscoveredtheareaoflandingwithasmokescreen.

The3rdDetachment composedof 6 torpedo and2patrol boats,9 fishing boats, and 3 tugs, which towed 2 barges and a bolinder barge[a530tonbarge45.8meterslong,7.2meterswidewiththeengine built by the Swedish firm Bolinder; each could carry up to 10tanksoronebattalionoftroops;trans.]andunderthecommandofCapt-LtV.I.Yevstigiyeyevandhadonboard3,327landingtroopsand32gunsandmortars,approachedKamysh-Burunat1300hours.It also was forced to conduct a landing under fire. Artillery from theTamanPeninsulaandboatssupportedthelandingtroops.Astheresultofraidsbyenemyaviationonebargewassunkandanotherwasdamagedbutthelandingforcewasdisembarked.

On27Decemberbecauseofastorm,transports[oflandingforces]werenotconductedinthestrait.On28and29DecembertheKNBcontinued the transport of troops while bitter fighting raged on the peninsula.On29December,inconnectionwiththelandingofourtroopsatFeodosiya,theenemybegantowithdrawfromtheKerchPeninsula.Duringthenightof30DecemberagroupofscoutsheadedbythechiefofstaffKNBCapt3rdRankA.F.Studenichnikov,havinglandedonshorefromatorpedoboat,penetratedtoKerch.Havingestablishedthattheenemyhadleftthecity,thegroupcommanderreportedthistothebasestaff.

During theoperation the landing craft of theKNBdisembarked11,225 landing troops,and transported47guns,198mortars,12motorvehicles,210horses,and14wagons.

[During the whole operation enemy artillery and aviation had sunk one patrol boat, five torpedo boats, one tug, one bolinder, and one barge. Personnel losses of the naval base and landing detachments totaled 350-400 men killed and wounded. – Shirokorad, pg. 274]

25 – 30 December.ActionsofLandingDetachment“B”.On25De-cemberLandingDetachment“B”composedofgunboats“KransnyyAdzharistan” (flagship of detachment commander Rear-Admiral N.O.Abramov), “KrasnyyAbkhazia”, and “Krasnaya Gruziya”,escortship“Kuban”,atug[SP-15]withblinderbarge,and6patrolboats took on board at Anapa a Mountain Rifle Regiment and during thenightof26Decemberwenttosea.[Bymidnightthegunboatshadtakenaboard2,393men,1476-mmguns,and6120-mmmortars.Becauseofa largeswellembarkationon thepatrol shipand thebolindercouldnotbecarriedout].However,atthetimeofdeparturethetugwiththebolinderbargeremainedbehindattheroadstead[becauseinthedarknessthetugcaptaindidnotnotice(probablyduetofog)thedepartureofthegunboats;trans.],whilesoonafteritsdeparturethepatrolship“Kuban”returned[becauseithadnolandingtroopsaboard]anddidnotparticipateinthelanding.Atnightduringthevoyagetheshipslostoneanother.Duringthemorningof26Decemberthegunboat“KrasnyyAdzharistan”andaboatwhich

wasintendedtobeusedasalandingcraftapproachedtheareaofMountOpuk.ThedetachmentdecidedtoreturntoAnapa,collecttheshipstogether,andcarryoutthelandingonthemorningof27December.Howeveronthatdaythelandingcouldnotbecarriedoutbecauseofthestormandpoorvisibility.On28DecemberthedetachmenttookoncoalatNovorossiyskandbyorderoftheMili-taryCounciloftheBlackSeaFleetwasdirectedtodisembarkthelandingforceintheKerchStrait.At2210hourson28Decembertheshipsbeganthedisembarkationofthelandingtroopsunderenemyfire. The disembarkation continued on 29 December with the help of three fishing boats that brought personnel from the gunboats to shoreandwascompletedon30December.PartofthelandingforcewasdisembarkedonthepieroftheKamysh-Burunport.

Duringthemorningof26Decemberthesupportshipdetachment(cruisers“KrasnyyKavkaz”and“KrasnyyKrim”,destroyers“Ne-zamozhnik”and“Shaumyan”),whichwastosupportthelandingofLandingDetachment“B”,arrived in theareaofMountOpuk(“Kransyy Krym” and “Shaumyan” beforehand had bombardedFeodosiya), but did not find anything there. At 2039 hours the “KrasnyyKavkaz”bombardedtheshore.NotwaitingforDetach-ment“B”,duringthemorningof27DecembertheshipsdepartedforNovorossiysk.

28 – 30 December.ActionsofLandingDetachment“A”.AtthestartoftheoperationLandingDetachment“A”included:

• SupportShipDetachment(Capt1stRankV.A.Andreyev),com-posedofcruisers“KrasnyyKavkaz”andKrasnyyKrym”,anddestroyers“Nezamozhnik”,“Zeleznyakov”,and“Shaumyan”

• 1stDetachmentofTransports(Capt2ndRankI.A.Zaruba),com-posedoftransports“Zyryanin”,“Zhan-Zores”,“Nogin”,“Serov”,“Shakter”, “Tashkent”, “Krasnyy Profintern”, and “Azov”

• SecurityDetachmentofthe1stDetachmentofTransports(Capt3rdRankG.P.Negoda),composedofthedestroyers“Bodryy”and“Boykiy”,andtheminesweepers“T-401”and“T-411”

• 2ndDetachmentofTransports(Capt2ndRankFilippov),com-posedof the transports“Kalinin”,“Dimitrov”,“Kursk”,Kras-nogvardeyets”,and“Fabritsius”

• SecurityDetachmentofthe2ndDetachmentofTransports(Capt2ndRankM.F.Romanov),composedoftheleader“Tashkent”,thedestroyers“Sposobnyy”and“Soobrazitelnyy”,theminesweeper“T-410”,and6patrolboats

• TheLandingCraftDetachment(Capt-LtA.P.Ivanov),composedoftheminesweepers“T-404”and“T-414”,12patrolboats,and6-10 self-propelledbarges.Capt1stRankN.Te.Basistyywasdesignatedcommanderofthelanding.

On28DecemberinNovorossiyskandTuapsetheembarkationoftroopsofthe44thArmywascarriedout.TheSupportShipDetach-ment, andalso theadditionallyassigned transport“Kuban” tookonboardtheforwarddetachmentoflandingtroopscomposedofthe 251st Mountain Rifle and 633rd Rifle Regiments, and the 2nd Battalion 814th Rifle Regiment (5,119 men, 18 guns, 7 mortars, 30 motorvehicles,72horses,19wagons,etc).Ontheboatsoftheland-ingcraftdetachmentwasloadedtheassaultdetachmentofsailors(300men,commander–Sr-LtA.F.Aidinov).

On29Decemberat1720hourstheSupportShipDetachmentandLanding Craft Detachment went to sea. Determining their placeontheapproachestoFeodosiyawiththeaidofsearchlightsofthe

4�Crimea PLAYBOOK


submarines“Shch-201”(Capt3rdRankA.I.Strizhak)and“M-51”(Capt-LtV.M.Prokofyev)and the lightbuoysdroppedby them,theshipsreformedintocombatorder.At0350hoursthecruisersand destroyers opened fire on the port. At 0403 hours the fire was stopped,andtheboatsoftheLandingCraftDetachmentbegantobreakthrough to the port. Directing fire along the pier, they began the landing of the assault groups.The patrol boat “SKA-0131”(Sr-Lt A.D. Kokarev) burst into the harbor first. Landing troops disembarkedbythepatrolboatcapturedthelighthouseandsetiton fire in order to help the ships orient themselves. “SKA-013” (Lt N.N.VlasovwiththedetachmentcommanderCapt-LtA.P.Ivanovaboard)anchoredattheboomgatesandshowedtheshipstheentryto the port with green [tracer] fire.

At 0413 hours under enemy fire the destroyers “Shumyan” (Capt-Lt S.I.Fedorov),“Nezamozhnik”(Capt3rdrankP.A.Bobrovnikov),and “Zeleznyakov” (Cpt-LtV.S. Shiskanov) burst into the port.The destroyers disembarked the landing troops on the piers andsuppressed the enemy firing points with artillery fire. The cruiser “Krasnyy Krym” (Capt 2nd Rank A.I. Zubkov) conducted fire fromtheareaofthelighthouse,andthelandingtroopsonboardittransferredtolaunchesandboats.

At0502hoursthecruiser“KrasnyyKavkaz”(Capt2ndRankA.M.Gushchin)approachedtowardstheinnersideofthewidemoleandbeganmooring.Astrongdrivingwindinterferedwiththemooringresultinginitscompletiononlyat0715hours.

[Altogether the warships of the Support Ship Detachment disem-barked 4512 men, of which “Krasnyy Kavkaz” – 1,586, “Krasnyy Krym” – 2,000, “Shaumyan” – 330 troops, “Nezamozhnik” – 289, and “Zheleznyakov” – 287. Moreover, “Shaumyan” unloaded two 76-mm guns, two 107-mm mountain mortars, while “Nezamozhnik” unloaded one 76-mm gun and 17 boxes of mines. – Shirokorad, Pg.282].

At0720hoursthetransport“Kuban”enteredtheportandbegantodisembarklandingtroopsandunloadequipment.

Thecruiserswerethemaintargetsoftheenemy.Duringthedis-embarkationofthelandingforce,the“KrasnyyKrym”washitby11shellsandmortarrounds,andthe“KrasnyyKavkaz”washit17times, while the enemy also directed light machinegun fire at it. Especiallydangerouswasthehitonthesecondturretofthecruiser“KrasnyyKavkaz”.Theshellpiercedtheturretandblewupinsideit.Theturretcrewwasknockedoutofactionandchargesstartedtoburn;therearosethefearthattheshipwouldexplode.ComingtoaftertheshellexplosionRedFleetsailorV.M.Pokutnyysucceededin pulling a burning charge from the elevator, but subsequentlycollapsed after losing consciousness.At that time gunner P.G.PushkarevandseniorelectricianP.Pilipkobrokeintotheturretandwere able to put the fire out. At 0810 hours, having completed the disembarkationofthelandingtroops,the“KrasnyyKavkaz”movedawayfromthepier.

During29and30DecembertheshipsoftheSupportShipDetach-ment stationed themselves in Feodosiya Bay, periodically bom-bardingtheenemyonthecoast.Multipleraidsbyenemyaviationremainedwithoutresults.Bythemorningof30DecembertheenemywascleanedoutfromFeodosiyaandthesurroundingheights.

On29Decemberat2210hoursthevesselsofthe1stDetachmentof Transports with the first echelon of the landing force (236th and 157th Rifle Divisions) began to arrive at Feodosiya. The unloading

continuedto theeveningof30December.Enemyaviationbom-bardedthecityandport.Astheresultofseveralhitsonthepier,theunloadedtransport“Tashkent”wasburnedout.Theremainingvessels,havingcompletedthedisembarkationoftroops,departedforNovorossiysk.

On31Decemberat0130hoursthetransportsofthe2ndDetachmentbegantoentertheharborwiththesecondechelonofthelandingforce(63rd Mountain Rifle Division). Enemy aircraft as before conducted intensivestrikesontheportwhileanti-aircraftweaponswerenotavailable to repulse the raids.The transport “Krasnogvardeyets”wassunkandthetransport“Dimitrov”wasdamagedafterhitsbyenemybombs.On31Decemberthevesselsofthe2ndDetachmentofTransportsdepartedFeodosiya.Thedisembarkationofthemainlandingforcewascompleted.Onthetransportsofthe1stand2ndDetachmentswerebrought17,635men,1,478horses,34tanksandtankettes,127gunsandmortars,291motorvehicles,18tractors,137wagons,634tonsofammunitionandothercargoes.

2 January.Troopsofthe44thand51stArmy,landedbyforcesoftheBlackSeaFleetandAzovMilitaryFlotilla,completelyliberatedtheKerchPeninsulafromtheenemy.Theenemygroupinglocatedhere,althoughabletoavoidencirclementandcompletedestruction,sufferedheavylosses.

The Kerch-Feodosiya Landing Operation was the largest navallandingoperationduringtheGreatPatrioticWar.AsaresultofitanimportantbeachheadwascapturedinCrimea,theenemylostthepossibilityofinvadingtheCaucasusthroughtheKerchPeninsula,andwasforcedtohalttheoffensiveatSevastopol.

DuringtheoperationbyforcesoftheBlackSeaFleet,AzovMilitaryFlotilla,andKerchNavalBase,40,319men[or“41,930troops,”thenumbervariessomewhataccordingtosource;trans],1,760horses,434gunsandmortars,43tanks,330motorvehicles,978tonsofammunition,andothercargoeswerebroughttoCrimea.

Forparticipationin theKerch-FeodosiyaLandingOperation, theGuardsbannerwasawardedtothecruiser“KrasnyyKavkaz”,byorderofthePeople’sNavyCommissariatdated3April1942,andthecruiser“KrasnyyKrym”byorderofthePeoplesNavyCom-missariatdated18June1942.

Requirements:• ScenarioCard#4Front• Unitsused:RefertotheScenarioCard#4Front

�0.9� Scenario Length.Thereareeightturns.StartwiththeSovietportionofGT94andendwithGT101.Theweather isautomati-callySnowwithStormforGT94.ResolvetheWeatherTableforallremainingturns

�0.9� Scenario Area.ContainedonScenarioCard#4Front.

�0.93 Placementa. The Axis player sets up first.

b.ResolveAirReadinessbeginningGT95.Sovietnon-Navalairunitshavethe+2DRMappliedtoReadinessdierollssinceSim-feropolhasfallen.

�0.94 Scenario Special Rulesa. TheAxisplayerreceives1ASPperturnatthewestedge.

b. SupplySituation.



1.AttackSupplyisineffectforbothsides.Generalsupplyisalsoineffectforbothsides.Exception:SovietunitsrollforSurrenderonlyifunabletotraceaLOCtoafriendlyport[PB7.6].

2.Axissupplysourcesarehexes:5315,5319,and5321.Sovietsupplysourcesareanyfriendlyon-mapport.Bothsidesmayex-pendMSUsorreduceDumpstoMSUstocreatetemporaryoneturnsupplysources[BSR6.53]

c.TheSovietplayerreceives1ASPandoneType-IRPperturninMap-THoldingBox.

d.Neithersidehasanyrailroadcapacity.Donotuserailheadorrail-cutmarkers.

e.TheSovietplayer cannotbuild anyStrongpoints [historically,theyhadnoconstructionmaterials].

f. OnanyturnofSnowweatherduringSnowclimatetheAxisplayercanbuildStrongpoints[seeBSRs18.34and23.12].

g. Winter Freeze. BeginningGT97theentireAzovSeaZoneandalloftheKerchSeaZonenorthofthe“IceLimit”boundaryprintedonthemapfreezes.Whenfrozenthisseaareabecomesimpassableto all naval and flotilla movement for the rest of the game.

NOTE: This removes all port functions from Kerch (6912), Yenikale (7013), and Genischesk (4804).

h. Ice Bridge1.OnGT99theSovietplayeremplacestheIceBridgemarkeronhex7012(if7012isfriendly;ifnotfriendly,itisneverreceived).Heemplacesitduringtheturnsequenceashewouldforabridgeunitoverariver[generally followBSR23.2—the IceBridge isone-sided. It isplacedattheendoftheSupplydeterminationPhaseandisavailabletotheSovietsatthestartoftheirMotorizedMovementPhase].

2.ThereisonlyoneIceBridge.ItremainsforuseonGTs99,100and101only.RemoveitattheendofGT101,duringtheGame-turnInterphase.ItcanalsobedestroyedbyAxisunitsfollowingBSR23.25.




DESIGN NOTE: Historically the ice bridge was open for use during just one time period during the course of this game: January 6th

through 9th; and outside of the game period it was again available beginning in late January. Please note that many histories have incorrectly recorded these dates.

i.Bymutualagreement,bothplayersmayutilizefreeset-up.Axisplayerplacesallatstarton-mapAxisunitssubjecttostackinglimits.Soviet player is free to configure Amphibious Assault groups within limitsoftransportcapacityandchoosecoastalhexestoAmphibi-ouslyAssault.

j.NoAxisairunitsmaybeplacedin theNavalUnitMovementInterdictionBoxonGT94.

�0.95 Victory Conditionsa.TheSovietplayerwinsifatleastfourofthefollowinglocationsarefriendlytohimattheendofthescenario:• Vladislavaka(hex5716)• Feodosiya(hex5718)• SemKolodesi(hex6214)• Kamyish-Burun(hex6814)• Kerch(hex6912)

b. The Axis player wins if the Soviet player fails to fulfill his vic-toryconditions.

�0.9� Play Notes. The historical scenario shows just how closethe Soviets came to losing this battle.Amphibious assaults areinherentlyrisky—especiallyinStormweather.Judicioususeofairunits,especiallyAxisairunitswillprovetobecritical.TheSovietplayermusttakeKamysh-Burunquicklysothatat leastsomeoftheunitslandingfromtheSeaofAzovcantraceanLOCandavoidsurrenderdierolls.ThenextpriorityisassuringtheIceBridgecanbe placed so that sufficient reinforcements can cross to make capture ofSemKolodesi,FeodosiaandVladislavakapossible.ThecaptureofFeodosiabyAmphibiousAssaultwouldbeabonus,butmaybedifficult to do directly since it can be assaulted from only one sea hexbyoneunit.AsaferstrategywouldbetoAmphibiouslyAssaultbothadjacenthexesandattempttocaptureitonthenextGT.TheAxisplayerwillbe reacting to these landingsandshoulddohisbesttomasswhateverstrengthisathandtodefeatSovietlandingsoneatatime.

Free set-up. Direct assault against the eastern tip of the KerchPeninsulawillprobablyfailwithheavyloss.Thefreeset-upsce-nario initial landings may well be based on finding suitable coastal hexesnearaport/anchorageorwithaport/anchoragenotheavilydefended.TheoptimalSovietstrategymaybetocutofftheAxisforcesintheeasternendofthepeninsulafromreinforcementsandsupplyanddefeatthemindetailintimetoopentheIceBridge.Asbefore,judicioususeofairunitsbybothsideswillhaveamajorimpactontheoutcome.

43Crimea PLAYBOOK


11.0 Detailed Examples of Play“The self-denying struggle of the defenders of Sevastopol is a model of heroism for the Red Army and the Soviet people.”

—Stalin,June1942

��.� Air Mission ExamplesNOTE: The maximum number of air units either player can assign to any air mission (Interdiction or CAS) is three.

Example �: Interdiction AnymaphexcanbeamissionhexforanInterdictionmission.DuringtheAxisAirInterdictionPhasetheAxis player declares an Interdic-tion mission against a map hexcontainingaSovietHQ.TheAxisplayer takes one BF109 F (fighter) unit, one JU87 B (bomber) andone JU88 B (bomber) unit fromtheReadyBoxoftheAirUnitDisplayandplacesthemfacedowninthemissionhex.

TheSovietplayerdecidestoopposethemissionwithtwoMIG-3F(fighters) from the Ready Box on the Soviet Air Unit Display, and placesthemfaceupinthemissionhex.Becausebothplayershaveairunitsinthemissionhex,theymustnowresolveAirCombat.

A point of clarification: In Air Combat, all air units are either mission units or firing units. Bombers (B type air units) are easy to classify. Theyarealwaysmissionunits.TheirAirCombatRatingisuseddefensively only. They never fire during Air Combat. Many fighter (Ftypeairunits)aredualcapable,possessingCASorInterdictionratingsaswellasanAirCombatRating(ACR).Whendualcapablefighters are present in an air combat, the owning player must im-mediatelyandirrevocablydeclarewhethertheyarebeingusedasmissionunits(performingCASorInterdictionwiththoseratingsand using their ACR defensively) or firing units (using their ACR to fire on opposing units).

TheAxisplayernowrevealshisthreeairunits.BecausetheBF109is dual capable, the Axis player announces that it will be a firing unitforthisAirCombat.

TheAxisplayerrollsonedieandreferstotheAirInitiativetable.Theresultof“1”indicates“AxisInitiative,LocalTacticalAdvantage.”Axis Initiativeallows theAxisplayer,within limits, to structurethematchingofopposingairunitsforAirCombatresolution.Lo-calTacticalAdvantageappliesonlytoapossiblesecondroundofAir Combat, and will be covered later. Opposing firing units must bematchedagainsteachother,sotheAxisplayerallocateshisoneBF109againstoneoftheMIG-3units.TheAxisplayermustnowallocateamissionunitagainsttheremainingMIG-3becausehehasno other firing units remaining. Because it is his choice of which missionunit to use, he chooses the JU88 with itsACR of threeinsteadoftheJU87withitsACRofone.TheJU88willbemuchharderfortheMIG-3toabortordamage.IftheSovietplayerhadtheInitiative,theweakerJU87wouldhavebeenchosen.

All firing units fire simultaneously in Air Combat. Mission units do not fire—they simply defend with their ACRs. The Soviet player fires at the JU-88 with his MIG-3, indexing the –1 column of the

AirCombatTable(MIG-3ACRof2minusJU-88ACRof3).Herollsa6(NoEffect)result.

Now both players fire in the BF-109 vs. MIG-3 engagement. The Germanplayerindexesthe+2columnontheAirCombatTable(BF-109ACRof4minustheMIG-3ACRof2)andtheSovietplayerindexesthe–2column(MIG-3ACRof2minustheBF-109ACRof4).TheAxisplayerrollsa5,whichdamagestheMIG-3.TheSovietplayerrollsa3,whichhasnoeffect.TheMIG-3isreturnedtotheDamagedBox.TheBF-109remainsforthesecondroundduetoAxisLocalTacticalInitiative.

InmostinstancesAirCombatwouldnowbeconcluded.However,becausetheAxisplayerreceivedaLocalTacticalInitiativeresult,any unengaged Axis firing unit may choose a new target and fire again. The only Axis firing unit, the BF-109, is unengaged (its MIG-3 opponent from the first round of air combat limped back to the SovietDamagedBox).TheonlyremainingSovietunitistheotherMIG-3,soitbecomesthetargetunit.TheAxisplayeragainindexesthe+2column,rollsthedieandobtainsa3,whichisa“destroyed”result.TheMIG-3issentimmediatelytotheSovietDestroyedBox.BecauseitwasthetargetunitinaLocalTacticalInitiativesituation,it cannot fire back.

Air Combat is over. All remaining firing units (in this case, the BF-109)returntotheirrespectiveFlownBoxes.TheJU-87andJU88continuetheInterdictionmission.

The Soviet player is able to conduct AA fire because a HQ occupies themissionhex(itcouldhavealsooccupiedanyofthesixhexessurroundingthemissionhex).TheHQwillprovidea+1DRMtoeach Soviet AA die roll. The Soviet fires first at the JU-88. The die roll is 8 (modified to 9 due to the HQ DRM), obtaining an Abort result.TheJU-88isplacedimmediatelyintheAxisFlownBox.ThenextdierollagainsttheJU-87isa5,butthistimetheHQDRMis cancelled out by the JU-87’s own DRM of –1 against AA fire. The final die roll result remains 5, which equals “No Effect” on the table.TheJU-87remainsinthemissionhexafterAirCombatandAA fire, so it automatically performs its mission. The Axis player receivesonelevelofInterdictioninthemissionhexforeachAxisInterdictionratingpointremaininginthehex(uptoamaximumoftwolevels).TheJU-87hastwoInterdictionratingpoints,sotheAxisplayerplacesaLevelTwoInterdictionmarkerinthemissionhexandmovestheJU-87totheFlownBox.Theairmissionisconcluded.TheInterdictionmarkerremainsinthemissionhexuntilitisremovedduringtheGameTurnInterphase.Untilremoved,itturnsthemis-sionhexandthesixsurroundinghexesintoaZoneofInterdictionaffectingtheSovietplayer(foracompletelistofInterdictionEffects,refertotheAirsectionofthe11x17ChartCard).

Example �: CAS Situation:TheAxisplayerhasdeclaredanattackagainstahexcon-tainingseveralSovietunits,twoofwhichareAAunits.ADeclaredAttackmarkerhasbeenplacedonthehex.AtthestartoftheAxisCombatPhase,theAxisplayerallocatesalldesiredCASmissions,and one of them is allocated to this particular DeclaredAttack.UnlikeInterdiction,theonlyallowablemissionhexesforCASmis-sionsarehexesbearingDeclaredAttackmarkers.TheAxisplayerallocatesfromtheReadyBoxaBF-109andaJU-87,placingthemfacedownonthemissionhex.Oncetheattackingplayer(theAxisplayerinthiscase)hasallocatedallCASmissions,thedefendingplayerallocateshisCASmissionstoanyhexescontainingDeclared

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Attack markers. The Soviet player allocates two MIG-3 fighters and anSU-2bomberfromtheReadyBoxtoperformaCASmissionintheexamplehex,andmovestheunitsfaceuptothemap.

Becausebothplayershaveairunitsinamissionhex,theyperformAirCombat:

1.TheAxisplayerdoesnotneedtodeclarehisBF-109isfunctioningas a firing unit—it does so automatically because it has a CAS ratingofzero.

2.TheAxisplayerchecksforAirInitiativebyrollingonedieandreferringtotheAirInitiativeTable.Thedierollis6,whichindi-cates that all firing units return to their respective Flown Boxes. TherestoftheAirCombatprocedureisskipped.

Both players’ mission units must undergo AA fire, because both sides have ground combat units qualified to deliver AA fire in or adjacenttothemissionhex.

TheAxisplayerrollsa3withnoDRMswhichresultsinaNoEf-fectresult.TheSovietSU-2unitremainsinthemissionhex.TheSoviet player rolls a 10, modified by a +2 DRM (those two Soviet AAunitscontribute+1DRMeach),whichyieldsaDamagedresultwhenapplyingthe–1StukaDRM.TheStukaisremovedfromthemapandplacedintheAxisDamagedBox.

TheSU-2nowautomaticallycontributesitsCASRatingofonetotheDeclaredAttackasa+1DefenderDRM.ReturntheSU-2totheFlownbox.Placeaonenumericmarkerinthehexifdesired.

��.� Overrun Example

Situation:ItistheAxisMovementPhase.TheweatherfortheturnisDry.TheAxisplayerdecidestoOverruntheSovietartillerybri-gadeinhexAwiththeOverrunningforceshownintheillustration(alloftheGermanmotorizedunitsbegintheAxisMovementPhasestackedtogetherinthehexadjacenttohexA,soallcanmoveinthesameOverrunningstack).

BecausetheSovietartilleryunitisstackedinahexwithaStrong-point,theAxisplayermustachieve12-1oddstoOverrun.TheAxisforcehasthirteenattackstrengthpoints.TheSovietunit(beingaloneartilleryunitinanOverrunsituation)defendswithitsdefensestrengthofoneonly.Withoddsof13-1,theAxisforcemeetsone

of the two pre-conditions for Overrunning a fortification hex. It meetsthesecondbecauseamotorizedEngineerunitispartoftheOverrunningstack.

TheAxisplayerreferstotheOverrunTable,rollsthedieandobtainsasix.TheAxisplayernowappliestherelevantDRMs:

1.OddsRatioDRM:thisDRMis–2becausetheOverrunoddsare13-1(exceedingthe10-1ratiothatprovidesthe–2,butnotquite14-1whichwouldprovide–3).

2.DefenderConditionDRM:thereisa–1DRMbecausealltheunitsbeingoverrun(theonlyunitinthiscase)areartilleryunits.

3.Terrain DRM: there is a +2 DRM for the Strongpoint in theOverrunhex.

The net DRM is –1 ( –2, –1 and +2), so the modified Overrun die roll is five. This result falls in the 3-7 range of the Overrun Table, yieldinganOverrunSucceedsresult.TheSovietunitdoesnothavetoloseastep,buttheAxisplayerplacesanOverrunmarkerontheunitandretreats it twohexes.TheAxisOverrunningstackmustnowadvanceintothevacatedOverrunhex,havingexpendedtwoandonehalfMPs(oneMPfortheOverrunattempt,onehalfMPtoentertheOverrunhexonamainroadandplusoneMPforenteringahexwithaStrongpoint).TheSovietunitintheOverrunhexdidnotexertaZOC,butevenifaSovietZOChadbeenexerted,therewouldhavebeennoMPcostpaidbecausetheOverrunningstackbeganitsmovementadjacenttotheOverrunhex.TheAxisplayer“dropsoff”theEngineerunitinhexA.TheEngineerisleftbehindtodestroytheStrongpointduringtheupcomingAxisEngineeringPhase.

ThereducedOverrunstackkeepsmoving,enteringhexDontheminorroadatacostofoneMPforenteringanon-clearterrainhexonaminorroadandplusoneMPforenteringtheZOCoftheSovietunitinhexC(makingatotaloffourandonehalfMPsexpendedsofar).TheAxisplayerdeterminesifOverrunintohexCispossible.TheMPcosttoOverrunintohexCwouldbeoneMPfortheOverrunplusoneMPforenteringhexC(anon-clearterrainhex)onaminorroad.AddingtwomoreMPswouldyieldacumulativetotalofsixandonehalfMPs.AlltheAxisunitshaveMAsofseven—enoughtopaytheOverrunMPcosts.TheOverrunningstackhastenattackstrengthpoints—justenoughtomeettheminimum5–1oddslevelfora“Germanonly”OverrunagainstthereducedSovietdivisionwithtwodefensestrengthpoints.TheOverrundierollismade,andaneightisobtained.ThistimetheDRMsareunfavorablefortheAxisplayer.Thereisa+2DRMforthe5-1oddslevelandanother+2 DRM for the hill terrain in hex C. The modified die roll is eleven. EventhoughthetotalDRMis+4,themaximumOverrunDRMis+3/–3.NotonlydoestheOverrunfail,buttheOverrunningstackmustalsoloseonestep.Overrunmovementceases.TheonlyoptionremainingtotheAxisplayerforoccupyinghexCistodeclareanattackagainstthehexattheendoftheAxisMovementPhaseafterpossiblymovingmoreAxisunitsadjacenttohexCandbringingAxisartilleryintosupportrange.

NOTE: At the start of this example, the Axis player had another Overrun option available. Because the Soviet unit in hex A has no ZOC, the Overrunning stack could move into hex B and declare an Overrun on the reduced division in hex C. Though the Overrunning stack would be adjacent to two Soviet units, it would only be in the ZOC of the one being overrun, so the Overrun would be permitted. The cost to move into hex B is four MPs (one MP for the Soviet ZOC,

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one MP for entering the hex off-road and plus two MPs for the woods in the hex). The Overrun MP cost is again two MPs. The Overrun will be conducted at 6-1 odds, eliminating the 5-1 Odds DRM. The Overrun can still fail, but the odds of losing a step will be less. The trade-off is that insufficient MPs remain to also Overrun the Soviet unit in hex A even if the Overrun against hex C succeeds.

��.3 Soviet Artillery SupportExample OneNormallyonlyonequal-ifying Soviet artilleryunit can contribute itssupportstrengthtoanydeclaredattack(defend-ingorattacking).InthisexampletheSovietsaredefending,andeithertheartillery unit in hexA(thedefenderhex)ortheartilleryunitinhexBcouldcontributeitssupportstrengthtothedefensebutnotboth.Tomaximizedefensestrength,theSovietplayerwouldprobablycontributethedefense strengthoftheartilleryunitinhexAandcontributingthesupport strength of the artillery unit in hex B. Examples two and threehighlightthetwoconditionswheremorethanoneSovietartilleryunitisallowedtocontributeitssupportstrength.

Example TwoWhendefending,iftwoormoreSovietartilleryunitsoccupyadefenderhex,eachofthoseunitsmay contribute theirsupport strength to thedefendersinthehex.Inthisexample,theSovietplayer would probablyopttohavethetwoartilleryunitsinhexA(thedefenderhex)con-tributetheirsupportstrengths.TheSovietplayeralsohastheoptionforoneartilleryunitinhexAtocontributeitssupportstrengthandtheothercontributesitsdefensestrengthorforbothartilleryunitsinhexAtocontributetheirdefensestrengthsandtheartilleryunitinhexBcontributesitssupportstrength.WhattheSovietplayercannotdoishavetheartilleryunitinhexBcontributeitssupportstrengthifeither(orboth)artilleryunitsinhexAcontributetheirsupportstrengths.

NOTE: If a defender hex is within the Command Range of a Non-Op HQ , only one Soviet artillery unit can contribute its support strength regardless of how many artillery units occupy the defender hex.

Example ThreeAnother way for morethan one Soviet artil-lery toprovide supportis to be stacked withanoperational in-rangeHQ. In this example,theSovietplayercouldhavefourartilleryunits(themaximum)providesupporttohexA,thedefenderhex.Therearetwoartilleryunitsin

thedefenderhexwhichcancontributetheirsupportfactors[refertoExampleTwo],plusthetwoartilleryunitsstackedwiththeopera-tionalHQinhexC.Theoretically,uptofourartilleryunitscouldbestackedwiththeHQinhexCandcontributetheirsupportstrengthstoadeclaredattack(bothonattackanddefense).Asinexampletwo,theartilleryunitinhexBcannotcontributeitssupportstrengthifanyoftheartilleryunitsinhexAorhexCarecontributingtheirsupportstrengths.

Note �:IfthedefenderhexweretobeintheCommandRangeofa Non-Op HQ, only one of the five artillery units in this example couldcontributeitssupportstrength.

Note �:AxisAir Interdictioncan reduce thenumberofartilleryunitsstackedwithaHQwhichcancontributetheirsupportstrengthsbyoneforeachInterdictionLevel.Inthisexample,aLevelOneInterdiction marker in hex C would allow only one of the twoartilleryunitsinthathextocontributeitssupportstrength.IfhexCcontainedaLevelTwoInterdictionmarker,noneoftheartilleryunitsinthathexcouldsupport[refertoInterdictionEffectsonthe11x17ChartCard].

Note 3: Theavailablesupportstrengthofeight(eachofthefourqualifyingartilleryunitshasasupportstrengthoftwo)exceedsthedefense strength of seven (the division with a defense strength of five andthetankbrigadewithadefensestrengthoftwo)inthedefenderhex.TheSovietplayercaneitherhaveallfourartilleryunitssupportwithonlysevenoftheavailableeightsupportstrengthpoints,orcansupportwiththreeofthefourqualifyingartilleryunits(sixsupportstrengthpoints),andhaveoneofthetwodefenderhexartilleryunitscontributeitsdefensestrength.

��.4 Naval Movement Example

TheSovietK.Kavkasnavalunit(withaNavalMovementPointal-lowanceof3)beginstheSovietMotorizedMovementPhaseinthemajorportofSevastopol(hex1527).TheSovietplayerpicksuptheK.KavkasandplacesitintheMap-THoldingBox,amajorport.TheK.KavkashasnowspentitsthreeNavalMovementPointsNMPs)forthephase(onetoentertheSevastopolSeaZone,asecondtoentertheCrimeaSeaZone,thethirdtoentertheKerchSeaZone,andnothingtoentertheHoldingBoxportintheKerchSeaZone).HethenresolvestheNavalMovementLossTabletoseeifanyDamagewasincurredinthismovement.TheAxisplayerhadsuccessfullyplacedairunitwithaninterdictionratingof1intheNavalMovementInterdictionBox,thereforeanInterdictionLevel1markerisintheNavalMovementInterdictionBox.The K.KavkasissubjecttolossontheAirInterdictioncolumnoftheNavalMovementLossTable.TheSovietplayerrollsa10,withnoDRMs,resultingin“AD1.”Heplacesa“1”numbermarkeronthenavalunittoindicatetheoneDamagepoint.HethenchoosestoignoretheAbortportionoftheresult.Thiscausesanadditional1pointofdamagetotheK.Kavkas. SincetheK.Kavkashasaprotectionratingof3,itisnotsunk.HethenturnsittoitsSailedsidetoshowitisnotavailableforfurthernavalmovementuntilitreturnstoitsReadymode.



12.0 Designer’s Section��.� Unit AbbreviationsAxisAA—AufklarungsAbteilung(reconnaissance)

FAG—FlakArtillerieGruppe;temporarilyformedtacticalgroupsofanti-aircraftweaponsforgroundsupportrole.

Geb—Gebirgsjager(mountain);thesetroopswerewell-trainedandequippedandorganizedforwarfareinmountainousterrain.Withonlytwoinfantryregiments theyweremoremobile thanregularinfantrybutwerewastedinnon-specialistactions.

Groddeck—Unit commander’sname:OberstKarl-AlbrechtvonGroddeck(laterGeneralleutnant),aneffectivecommander;helatercommandedadivision.

Korne—Unitcommander’sname:Col.RaduKorne.

Le—Leicht(light);togainmobilitythesedivisionshadonlytwoinfantry regiments instead of the usual three, and their artillerywasmotorized,buttheyendedupfunctioningasregularinfantrydivisions.

LW—Luftwaffe(GermanAirForce)groundunitarmedasinfantry.

MG—Machinegewehr(machine-gun)

Mtn—Mountain

Pz—Panzer(armored)

SSLAH—SS LeibstandarteAdolph Hitler; these were the eliteamongtheSS(i.e.Schutzstaffel;lit.“ProtectionSquad”).Stillonlybrigadeinsize,itwasorganizedasfourlarge,well-armedmotor-izedinfantrybattalionsplussmallerattachedunits.Mostpersonnelwereveterans.

Ziegler—Unit commander’s name: Oberst Heinz Ziegler, chief-of-staffofGerman42ndCorps.Later(asgeneral)during1943,hedirectedoperations atFaid/KasserinePass inTunisia andwouldcommandacorpsinItalyduring1944.HisbrigadeintheCrimeaalsoincludedtheKorneunitwhichthegameshowsseparately.

SovietArmy—AcompositeunitassigneddirectlytoarmyHQcommand.

BSF—BlackSeaFleet(ChernomorskiyFlot);thishistoricaldes-ignationonthreenavalinfantryregimentsdistinguishesthemfromnavalinfantryunitsfoundonotherfronts.

comp—Composite unit; for simplification some small historical unitshavebeenconsolidatedintolargergameunits.

FFA—Field Fortified Area

Flot—Flotilla• BSF=BlackSeaFleet• Kiev=Kiev

Gd—Guards;denotingexperienced,motivated,andreliabletroops,this honorific title was conferred on formations that had distinguished themselvesincombat.Suchhonorsusuallybroughtanincreaseinrankforthecommander,morepayforeveryone,andgreaterpriorityinre-supplyandreinforcement.Itwouldalsomeanachangeintacti-calorganizationandincreaseinauthorizedequipment,butmostsuchincreasescouldnotbeaccomplisheduntilthespringof1942.

K—Cavalry

MG—Machine-gun;becausetheyhadlittleornoTransportatthistime, these units were usually positioned in fortifications. These were originally controlled by a Fortified Area brigade HQ but at Odessa theysubordinatedtofortresscommand.

Mtn—Mountain

MOON—MilitseyskiyOtryadOsobgoNaznachiya;aspecialpur-posepoliceunitof1200menformedduringAugustforthedefenseofOdessa.

Naval—NavalInfantryBrigade;manyformer“sailors”organizedintolandcombatunits.Theytookdisproportionatecasualtiesbe-causeofpoorbasicinfantrytacticaltraining,butmadeupforthisbyarefusaltoyield.

NKVD—Narodnyykomissariatvnutrennykhdel(People’sCom-missariat of InternalAffairs); these units would not hesitate tofire on their own troops to keep them in line. All regulars, Border Guards,andinternalsecurityregimentswhichparticipatedinthecampaignareshowninthisgame;thelastnotoriousforslaughteroftheirprisoners.

Od—Odessa(sometimesspelledout“Odessa”);acompositeunit.

Sev—Sevastopol (sometimes spelled out “Sevastopol”); a com-positeunit.

Zap—Zapasnyy polk (Replacement Regiment); these units hadreserve,replacements,anddepotfunctions.EvenNKVDrearsecu-rityunitswouldsendgathered-upRedArmystragglerstoanarmyZapregimentforsortingoutandre-equipping.Generally,oneZapregimentwouldbeassignedperArmybutonspecialoccasionmorecould be made available. Zap units could find themselves on the frontlineduringemergencies,andduring1941therewereplentyofemergencies.

ZHOO—ZhenskiyOboronitel’nyyOtryad;awomen’sdefenseunitformedwith900women.AlthoughtheSovietsmobilizedagreatnumberofwomenforcombatdutyduringthewar,all-womenunitswererare.

��.� Suggested Reading1.Achkasov,V.I.,andN.B.Pavlovich,Soviet Naval Operations in the Great Patriotic War, 1941-45,Anapolis,MD:1981.

2.Bidermann,GottlobHerbert,In Deadly Combat,Lawrence,KS,2000.

3.Carell,Paul,Hitler Moves East 1941-1943,NewYork,1964.

4.Erickson,John,The Road to Stalingrad, NewYork,1975.

5.Glantz,DavidM.,The Battle for the Crimea, Combat Documents and Chronology, Vol.1,privatelypublished,2008.

6. Haupt,Werner, Army Group South, the Wehrmacht in Russia 1941-1945,Atglen,PA,1997.

7. Hayward, Joel S.A., Stopped at Stalingrad, Lawrence KS,1998.

8.v.Manstein,Erich,Lost Victories,Chicago,1958.

9.Orenstein,HaroldS.(trans),Soviet Documents on the Use of War Experience, Vol. III,London,1993.

10.Seaton,Albert, The Russo-German War,NewYork,1971.

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11.Sweeting,C.G.,Blood and Iron,Washington,2004.

12. Ziemke, Earl and M.E. Bauer,From Moscow to Stalingrad: Decision in the East,Washington,1987.

Additionally, much material is available on the internet, includ-ingvideosandcontemporarynewsreelsonYouTube.Muchoftheinternetmaterialisbackgroundandtechnicaldataaboutweaponsbut you can also find articles about the campaign.

��.3 German Super Heavy ArtilleryBy Vance von Borries

Sevastopol was one of only a few heavily fortified areas of Europe thatmeritedtheattentionofheavysiegeartilleryanditcertainlydrewGermanattention.FortheJune1942attacktherewastobeno shortageof suchweapons.TheGerman11thArmycollectedwhatturnedouttobethelargestoperationalconcentrationoftheseweaponsduringthewar.

Such artillery had been in German war plans since rearmamentbeganin1933.Generally,thesewereofaspecial-purposedesignto break even the strongest fortifications by penetrating armor plate or thick concrete, a chore regular field artillery and aerial bombs of thetimecouldnotachieve.

AtSevastopoltheGermanshadthetimetodeployabroadarrayofsiegeguns,somewithinterestingcharacteristics.The28cmHL/12wasaGermandesigndatingfromwellbeforeWWI,nowlargelyobsolete. It fired a heavy shell 11400 meters and was now moved byahalf-trackedtransporter.Itwasaveryheavyweapon,requiring3-4daysforemplacement.

Themostcommonsiegeweaponwasthe30.5cmMorser(mortar).Manysawactionagainst theMaginotLine.ThoseatSevastopolwereoriginallyproduced in1916bySkoda for theAustro-Hun-garian army and entered the German army with the annexationof Czechoslovakia. They fired a combined 6074 rounds into the Sevastopolarea.

AnewGermanweaponwasthe35.5cmH.M1.Developmentonthisgunbeganin1936butonlyafewexampleswereproduced(3to7guns).Itwascarriedinsixloadsontrailersandassembledonthebattlefield by a gantry device. It could fire a 575kg shell at a range of 20850 meters. At Sevastopol it fired about 412 rounds.

Nextuparethetwo42cmGammaguns,aMorser(builtbyKruppin1906)andaHaubitze(howitzer)ofsimilarcharacteristics.Thesewereoriginallypartofthepre-WWI“BigBertha”programdesignedto destroy Belgian forts. Somehow, the Gamma-Morser escapedtheattentionsofvariousAllieddisarmamentcommissionsandwasreassembledduringGermany’srearmament.TheGammaHaubitze(builtbySkoda)wasacquiredwiththeannexationofCzechoslovakiaandwasusedlateragainsttheMaginotLine(theMorserwasnot).Movingtheseweaponscouldrequireuptotenspecialrailwaycarsand two and a half days for emplacement. The Haubitze fired about 199 rounds and the Morser fired about 180 rounds, all at various strongpointsintheSevastopolarea.TheMorserwaslastusedinfiring against Warsaw in August 1944.

Oneof thestarsof thespecialpurposeartillerywas theGermanbuilt60cmMorserKarlGerat.Thiscuriousmonsterofabout124tonswasmountedonaspeciallybuiltself-propelledtrackedchas-sisandservedbymunitionscarriersthatwerethemselvestrackedconversions from a Pzkw IV chassis. It fired a 2200kg armor-piercing

shellbutataveryshortrange,amaximumof4500meters.Eachgunrequiredacrewof155men;additionalpersonnelwouldberequiredto prepare firing sites. Only six Karls were built, originally for use against theMaginotLine,but theywerenot ready in time.TwoKarlswereusedagainsttheBrest-LitovskCitadelinJune1941andtheresultswereimpressive.AtSevastopoltheKarlguns(“Odin”and “Thor”) fired 197 rounds, mainly at the Soviet Maxim Gorki Ibattery,wheretheyaresaidtohavehadadecisiveeffect,andatother“bastions,”andthenlateratFt.Malakovafterare-supplyofammunition.AfterreturningtoGermanythesegunswerealertedforuseagainstLeningradbutthatplanwascancelled.Thelastactionsfor the Karl guns were at Warsaw in August 1944 and briefly against UStargetsintheArdennes.IntheendthesegunsweredisabledbyUSairattackoroverrunbytheSoviets.

Thebiggestofallwasthe80cmK(E),SchwererGustav(heavyGustav), codenamed “Dora,” (built by Krupp). It was designedoriginallyasa“wonderweapon”tobeusedagainsttheMaginotLineinFrancebutwasnotcompletedanywherenearintime,thefirst test round not being fired until 10 September 1941. This was theworld’sbiggestgunatthetime,weighinginat1350tons.Onceassembled,itrequiredarailroadtypecarriagewithspecialtracksandlocomotives,using thecurvatureof the trackandgunbarrelelevationforaiming.Itcouldhurla7.1tonarmor-piercingshellatatarget23.7milesdistantora4.8tonhighexplosiveshell29.2miles(orperhaps33.75miles;sourcesvary).Thearmor-piercingshellcouldpenetrate80yardsofearth(or7metersofconcrete)andformedacraternearly90feetacrossand30feetdeep.Thephysicalandpsychologicaleffectsofbeinganywhereneartheshell-burstofeithertypewererecordedasprofound.

DorarequiredfourtrainsforshipmentanddidnotbeginentryintotheCrimeauntilApril1942.Whileitrequiredacrewof450-500men,another2500menwereemployedintheconstructionofitsfiring site near Sevastopol. Additionally, two Flak battalions were deployedtoprotectitandotherartillerynearby.Afterthecomple-tionoftheSevastopoloperation,Dorawasdismantledandshippedback to Germany for the fitting of a new barrel. It returned to Rus-siaagainforuseagainstLeningradinSeptember1942butaSovietoffensive threatened and it again returned to Germany. Its onlyotheroperationaluseduringthewarwasatWarsawinAugust1944where it fired 30 rounds. As the Soviets approached in 1945 it was dismantledandthepartsscattered.

Axis Super-Heavy Artillery Inventory*Sevastopol,June1942

guns Size 1 80cm,K(E)Dora-Gerat 2 60cmMorser,KarlGerat(“Thor”and“Odin”) 1 42cm,GammaHaubitze(t) 1 42cm,GammaMorser 1 35.5cm,HaubitzeM.1 16 30.5cm,Morser(t) 1 28cm,langeBrunoK(E) 12 28cm,HaubitzeL/12 3 28cm,KustenHaubitzeL/12 10 24cm,Haubitze



Dora Fire Plan* Planned Actually Target # of shells Fired

On 5 June:1.Coastbatteries,etc.(hex1427) N/A 82.Ft.Stalin(hex1626) 8 63.MaximGorkiI N/A 1

On � June:3.Ft.Molotov(hex1525) 8 74.AmmodumpsatWhiteCliffs 10 9 (hex1626)

On � June:5.“Battery448”(hex????) 12 7

On �� June:6.Ft.Siberia(hex1626) N/A 5

On �� June:7.MaximGorki,Andadjacent N/A 5 batteries(hex1525)

TOTAL: 38 48(armor piercing rounds)

On �5 June:8.Sevastopolcity(hex1527) N/A 5 (all5arehighexplosive)

TOTALSHELLS 38 53

*Data derived from contemporary reports, recently published ma-terials, and website sources.

12.4 Designer’s NotesBarbarossa: CrimeaconstitutesthesixthinaseriesofgamesthatcoversWWIIintheSovietUnion.Thisgamepresentsthesamerules,analysis,scale,andmanyofthesamechartsandtablesyouwill find in the earlier games of this series. You should find that each installment will fit well enough with the earlier ones that it will be possibletoplaythemtogether.

Mapresearchproblemshereweresolvedbymuchthesamemethodasdoneintheearliergames.ChecktheDesigner’sNotesinthosefordetails.TheCrimeamapsareamongthemoreinterestingintheseriesfortopography.Weendeavoredtogetalltownnamescorrectfortheperioddespitetheconsiderablenamechangingthattookplaceduringandafterthewar.

Thereseemalwaystobethosescenariosthatrequireacloseex-amination of German situation maps.As with preceding gamesin this series I traced theprogressofeachdivision todetermineexactlywhenitenteredorlefttheplayareaandeventracedinfullthe first turns. There is less accuracy with the Soviets because the situationmapsareconfusing.Thatisbecausesomanyrecordswerelostandthepeculiarwaytheypresentwhatinformationtheyhaveavailable.Evenso,muchcanbededucedbasedonexperience,thewrittenrecord,andallowanceforthebreakingupofunitstocoveremergencysituations.

General researchpresentedessentially the sameproblemhere inthisgameasithasfortheearliergamesinthisseries,therebeingashortageofgoodEnglishlanguagesources,althoughtheSevas-

topolsiegeiscomparativelywellcovered.Asstatedbefore,thereisapaucityoftheseforallEastfrontcampaignsofthewar.Thereare,asyoumayexpect,additionalRussianlanguagesourcesandresearcherTomBurkeexaminedsomeofthoseaswell.Weencour-ageyou,ifinterested,tovisitthearchivesandyourlocallibraryforadditionalinformation.

German heavy artillery has certainly made appearances in othergamesbutisappropriateandperhapsbetterdepictedhere(ascalingadvantage)particularlysinceSevastopolsawsuchalargeconcentra-tionofGermansiegeartillery.AlaterconcentrationatLeningradwasactuallylargerbuttheplannedoperationnevertookplace.

Thegame’spurpose,ofcourse,isnottodepictterrorweaponsoractions.WiththatinmindwehaveomittedfromtheseriescertaindetailsregardingSSactivitiesinoccupiedareas,sonodeathsquads,nopolicebattalions,andnoterrorbombingofcities.Interestingly,nolargescaleSScombatformationsfoughtinthisareaduringanypartofthewar.Asstatedinearliergames,thisgameserieswillnotdigressintopoliticalpoliciesanymorethanhowthesemightdirectlyaffectmilitaryoperations.

WhilesomeSovietunitsappearonlyintheSpecialReinforcementPool,wefoundthatSovietHighCommandreinforcedhereonlysparingly;leavingfewreservesavailableinlate1941outsideofwhatwascommittedtoMoscowoperations.ThePoolGroupsrepresenteitherspecialstrategicreservesorgroupsnotquitereadyforcombatduetolackofarms,delayedtrains,etc.;areleaseofsuchagroupmeansthearmsorthetrainscouldhavearrivedearlier.Also,Stalinwithheldsomeunitswithoutregardtothemilitarysituation.TheGermanstoowerestretchedthinallovertheSovietUnionandthisleavesfewrealreinforcementoptions.BothsideswerefocusedontheMoscowoperationduringthistimeperiod.

SincemuchofthegameisdisconnectedbythescopeofitsscenariosfromtheoverallBarbarossacampaign,victorypointsdonotplayaslargearolehere.WhenyoudoscoreVPs,itisusuallyforthesamereasonsasfortheothergames.AVPscored(orlost)forreinforce-mentsrepresentspoliticalcosts,opportunitycosts,andthecostofadditionalmilitaryequipment.AVPfor locations,usuallycities,representsprestige(atypeofpoliticalgain)andeconomicvalue.EconomicvaluecouldchangeasfactoriesevacuatedtoSiberia,butthatisnotasmuchafactorintheCrimeaasitwouldbeforsuchindustrialregionsastheDonbas.Overall,victorypointspresentaconvenientmethodofmeasuringgameprogressandarelativecostofdecisionstaken.

GenerallywiththeOoBwedecidedonafairnumberofconsolida-tionswherewepairedtogetherunitsofthesamefunction,suchaswithsomeSovietcoastartilleryunitsaroundtheports.Weomittedmostoftheseoutsidetheportareasbecausetheywereabandoned.Similarly,theGerman306thHeavyArtillerybrigade(HArKO)rep-resentsaconsolidationoffourrailroadartillerybatteriesandothersimilarunits.The306thactuallycontrolledmorebatteries,butwithdifferingrangesandvaluesitwasbettertoshowtheseseparatelyin the game. The rifle regiments of 25th and 95th Rifle Divisions aresostrongbecausetheywerereinforcedwitheithermachine-gundetachmentswhileatOdessa,orlightartillery(andmore)whileatSevastopol. We have found that such consolidations significantly reducetimeforset-upandplayandreducetheriskofgame-wiseplaydistortions.Goingintheoppositedirectionwesplitafewdivisionsintotheircomponentregiments(ordetachedaregiment)inordertogetacorrectbattlefeeltocoverlongfrontages.Notableinthis

49Crimea PLAYBOOK


groupistheGerman22ndInfantryDivision.Ithadmoremanpowerandhadafullyequippedmotorizedreconbattalion.

NewhereisthespecialAxisplayer’soptiontoconsolidatesomeofhissmallunitsintoalargerunit,hencetheZieglerandGroddeckbrigades. Such tactical flexibility was typical of the German army at thetimeandrepresentativeofManstein’stacticalabilities.Mansteinevencomplainedatthetimeaboutnothavinganymotorizedforma-tionsforthecampaign.ProvidingtheoptiontocreatethehistoricallypresentZieglerbrigaderemovessomeofthepressureontheAxisplayeraboutwhethertoabsorbtheVPcostandtaketheSSLAHbrigadegroupasanoptionalreinforcement.

WithsuchsituationsinmindInotedfromthebeginningofthedesignprocessthepotentialforahighconcentrationofgamepiecesintheSevastopolarea.Ourhobbyexperienceshowshowsuchconcentra-tionscanbefataltogameplaysotheanswerseemedtobetousetheextraavailableresearchmaterial toproduceaclose-upgamemapofSevastopol,theInsetMap,muchlikewhatwasdonewithLeningradintheAGNgameinthisseries.Wehaveendeavoredtoproduceasmoothtransitionfromtheseriesstandardmapstothisdifferentscalemap.WerecognizethatInsetMapruleshavechangedconsiderably from the first edition of the AGN game published some yearsago,butwefeelthetransitionissmootherthanbefore,basedonyourfeedbacktothatgame.

Alsoreturningistheuseofanavalsystem.Heretooweaddressedissuesoveritsscalingandrelationshiptothegroundsystemandtheneedtomakeitworksmootherthanbefore.Thenavalsystemforthisseriesshouldremainsubordinatetothelandsystem;yetitstillmusthandleamphibiousinvasions,navalgunnery,andnavaltransportallwithinthesamegenerallevelofdetailfoundwiththelandgame.Wehavecontinued toomitBombardment (ornearlyallofit)becauseitsloadongameplaywouldbebeyondwhatisrequiredforanoperationalland-basedgamesystem.

Withinthenavalmovementfunctionitmayseemcuriousthatanavalunitischargedforleavingaportbutnotforenteringaport.Thisdesign choice simplifies the process when you think of how ships actually move. Consider that a port is a fixed point, geographically. A ship’s location within the sea zone is not fixed but is also not random. Ashipwillmovetowhereitintendstomove,notelsewhere.Thenconsiderthattheportisontheedgeoftheseazone,notbeyond.Theadditionalmovementpointforportentrywouldthencarrytheshipbeyondtheseazoneedge,asituationclearlynotpossible.Finally,ifmovingfromporttoportwithinthesameseazone,itwouldmakemoresensetospendonlyonemovementpoint.

OnewouldthinktrackingthecombathistoriesofSovietwarshipswould not be difficult, but issues arose. Some ships were named for then-heroesoftherevolutionbutwhenthoseindividualsbecamepoliticallyunacceptableships,towns,andotherthingsbearingtheirnamerequiredre-naming.AgoodexampleistheMolotov.Thiswasanewcruiser,ofsubstantiallyItaliandesign,thatenteredserviceon14June1941.ForthetimeperiodofthegameitcarriedthenameMolotov,butinAugust1957,whenformerStalin-cronyMolotovfell out of favor, the ship was re-named the Slava. The official naval historywaswrittennotlongafter1957andsoitreferstotheshiponlyastheSlava.Interestingly,theVoroshilov,havingenteredserviceinJune1940,keptitsnamewithoutchangeuntilitwasbrokenup(atInkerman)in1974.TheParisCommunewaslaiddownduringCzaristdaysastheSevastopol;itwasrenamedduringthe1920s,butrevertedtoitsoriginalnamein1943.

We should not pass this topic without some note of the currentday.AfterWWII,Stalinremovedgreatnumbersofthetheninde-pendence-mindedformerTartarpopulation(andothers)fromtheCrimea,replacingthemmainlywithethnicRussians.Thenin1954SovietpremierN.S.KhrushchevawardedtheCrimeatotheneigh-boring Ukrainian SSR to further dilute a residual Tartar influence. Withthebreak-upoftheSovietUnionin1991thenewlyindependentUkraineasserteditssovereigntyovertheCrimea,leavingRussiawithonlyatwentyyearleaseonnavalbasefacilitiesatSevastopol(assetunderthe1997TreatyofFriendshipandCooperation)andwithfewotherplacestogowithitsnowreducedBlackSeaFleet.Theleasewassetat$93millionperyear,offsetbyUkraine’spurchaseofnaturalgasfromRussia.TheRussianspeakingpopulationofCrimea(currentlyabout60%ofthatpopulation,andquitepro-Russia)hassincehamperedUkraine’seffortstojoinNATOandhasitselfhintedaboutseekingindependence.WithRussia’srecent(August2008)militaryadventurism,theissueofcontinuanceoftheleaseandofthestatusofethnicRussiansinformersocialistcountrieshastakenonarenewedimportance.Importantly,inSeptember2008theUkraineannouncedthatitwillnotrenewthelease.

Wehopewehaveproducedagameyouwillenjoyplaying.Finally,letmeextendmyconsiderableappreciationtotheplaytesters, toresearcherTomBurke,toEdRainsforhiscontributions,andtoallwhohavegenerouslywrittenoftheirsupportofthisgameseriesandofwhattheyhopetoseeinfuturegames.

—Vance von Borries

Game CreditsDesigner: VancevonBorries

Initial Development:EdRains

Developer: TonyCurtis

Research:ThomasF.Burke

Playtesting: MikeBorovsky,TonyCurtis,CharlesDelajoux,RichardDiem, Jim Hambacher, Ed Jablonski, Mark Mazer, Gerry Palmer,Dave Peashock, Ed Rains, Henry Robinette, DickVohlers,VancevonBorries

Art Director:RodgerB.MacGowan

Counter Art:RodgerB.MacGowan,MarkSimonitch

Game Map Art:ToddDavis

Rulebook and Charts Layout:MarkSimonitch

Production Coordination:TonyCurtis

Initial Editing and Proof: EdRains,VancevonBorries

Final Editing and Proof:TonyCurtis,VancevonBorries

“Mercilessly exterminate all of the Fascist madmen, repulsing all enemy attempts to penetrate into Sevastopol with fire and grenades. Not a step back in the struggle for Sevastopol! Remember that the attentions of not only the Russian people but also of the entire world are riveted on Sevastopol. The Motherland awaits our victory over the enemy. Not a step back. Victory will be ours!”

—ProclamationoftheMilitaryCounciloftheSevastopolDe-fensiveRegion,20December1941

50 Crimea PLAYBOOK


5�Crimea PLAYBOOK




Explanation of Units on Sheet 41.ReplacementRocketunitsprovidedsinceallSovrocketunitsare

nowAttackOnly,andhaverevisedsupportstrengthsandmove-mentallowances.

2.Replacement Cavalry units provided since cavalry is now in-filtration capable and some Soviet cavalry has revised reduced strengths.

3.ReplacementATunitsareproviededforthosethatwereactuallytowed(orangeMA)insteadoffullymechanized(redbox)

4. AGN flotillas are now non-replaceable like all others5.Thereare severalcorrectedAxiscounters foruse inAGSand

KtR.6.ParachuteunitshavenewcolorschemeandRgtGGhasarevised

strength.7.FerrycountersareforuseinKtR.8.CapturedRailheadcountersareforuseinCrimea(PB2.34)and

for retrofit into KtR and elsewhere.

53Crimea PLAYBOOK

© 2010 GMT Games, LLCBARBAROSSA: Crimea © 2010 GMT Games, LLC

Roll once for each attacking air or CD Artillery unit.Air units cannot attack flotillas [PB 6.44h]Number result is number of Damage Points inflicted on target naval unit. NE = No Effect.

Map-T Holding Box DRMs (cumulative)–2 Air unit is a Ju87+2 Port is Map-T Holding Box (Do not count

ground AA units [PB 6.44g])

Map Q and Inset Map DRMs (cumulative)–1 Each In-range CD artillery unit with line of sight–2 Air unit is a Ju87+1 per in-range ground AA/Operational HQ unit

(max two) for attacking air units

SHIPPING ATTACK TABLE[PB 6.44e and 8.33b]

Die —Ship Type— Roll BB CL or DL DD/T/Flot –1 6 4 3 0 5 4 3 1 4 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 1 2 4 1 1 1 5 NE 1 1 6 NE NE 1 7+ NE NE NE

Die Regular Naval (a) Coast (a) Air Both: (b) Air + Roll Movement CD Artillery Interdiction CD Artillery

1-5 NE NE NE NE 6-8 NE A A A 9-10 A A AD1 AD1 11 A D1 AD1 AD1 12 A D1 AD1 AD1 13 AD1 D2 AD2 AD3 14 AD3 AD3 AD2 AD6 15+ AD4 AD4 AD2 AD6

Key: A Abort; unit either returns to departure port, or apply D1

D# Number of Damage Points to apply NE No Effect

Notes:(a) Use applicable column when only effect is the one listed.(b) Use this column when both effects are applicable.

DRMs (cumulative) +3 Storm weather (during any Climate except Dry) +1 Storm weather during Dry Climate +1 For Air Interdiction Level 2 marker in Naval Movement

Interdiction box +1 For the second (and each additional) in-range Coast Defense

artillery point with line of sight (each CD arty unit in an Amphibious Assault defender hex has its strength doubled during Amphibious Assault [PB 8.76a.3])

+1 For Soviets for Scenarios 6, and 8 +3 For Soviet units forced to move [PB 8.23.b]

Minor Major Situation: Anchorage Port Port BB can occupy? No No Yes CL can occupy? No Yes Yes DD, DL, and T can occupy? Yes Yes Yes

Port Capacity for General Supply Stacking points able to trace 6 15 30

Port Capacity to Load and/or Unload (Naval Transport Points) 4 12 24

Reductions to all Port Capacities (Cumulative) For each Air Interdiction Level –2 –4 –6 For each in-range artillery max. max. max. support point –6 –6 -6

Naval Charts Card

NAVAL MOVEMENT LOSS TABLE [PB 8.33]

PORT CHARACTERISTIC CHART[PB 8.44]

DRMs Situation+1 The naval unit has Damage (any level).

Important: Apply DRM to Readiness, not to Damage Repair.

+1 For each level of Port Interdiction applied to that port [PB 6.43]

+1 If in a minor port [see Port Characteris-tics Chart]

+2 If in an anchorage [see Port Characteris-tics Chart]

NAVAL UNIT READINESS ANDREPAIR CHART [PB 8.13 and 8.35]

Explanation of Naval Unit ValuesFront (Ready) Back (Sailed)

ArtySupportFactor

ProtectionRating

TransportCapacity

NameRange Class

Naval MovementPoint Allowance

RecoveryValue

S = Sailed

Naval Charts

54 Crimea PLAYBOOK


A. STRATEGIC SEGMENT (both players for all phases)1. Weather Determination Phasea.Determineweatherconditionfromscenarioinstructionsorthe

appropriatescenarioWeatherTable[5.1].b.IfStorm,moveallairunitsinReadyBoxes,andreinforcingor

replacementairunits[9.2],totheFlownBox.

2. Supply Determination Phasea.Tracesupplytoallon-mapunits[6.1].Inhexeswheresupplystatus

haschangedremoveEmergencyorOutofSupplymarkersifnowinGeneralSupply[6.62];turnEmergencySupplymarkerstoOutofSupply[6.64];placenewEmergencySupplymarkers[6.63].

b.RemoveMSUsorturnoverDumpsservingasone-turnsupplysources.RemoveEmergencyandOutofSupplymarkersfromhexesnowinGeneralSupply[6.62].

c.ReceiveAttackSupplyPoints(ASPs)[6.81];convertASPsintoMSUsorDumps; set these asideuntil the friendlymovementphase[6.83and6.84].

d.EmplaceIceBridge[PB10.44].

3. Replacements Phasea. TheSovietplayerreferstothescenarioSetUpCardorReplace-

mentChartfor: 1)Use-or-LoseRPs:spendnoworlose[7.24and7.25]. 2)TypeIRPs:adjusttheInfantryREPLmarkerfor: • NewRPsreceived[7.22] • RPsreceivedforeacheligibleZapormilitiastepconverted

[7.22.b] 3)Zapunitsinatown/city/majorcitycanbeexchangedforan

eligibleone-stepunitfromtheCadreBox[7.22.c.1]. 4)RemoveoneGarrisonmarkernow,orsetasidechosenPool

Group(s)toenterasreinforcements;adjustVPmarkerifnecessary[BSR7.26.bandPB3.23.f].

5)Strongpoints.SettheseasideuntiltheSovietengineeringphase[7.21].

b. SpendTypeIRPstomoveZapunitsfromtheCadreBoxtotheActiveBox[7.22.c.3].

c.TheAxisplayerreferstothescenarioSetUpCardfor: 1)Use-or-LoseRPs:spendnoworlose[7.33].

2)TypeIRPsandTypeARPs:adjustAxisRepl.Markers[7.31and7.32].

4. Reinforcement/Withdrawal Phasea. VictoryPlandetermination[PB10.35].b.RemoveavailableAxis/SovietreinforcementsandchosenPool

GroupsfromSetUpCards.AdjustAxisVPmarkerifnecessary.SetasidegroundunitsbutplaceairunitsontheAirUnitStatusCharts[8.21through8.23]

c.Withdrawrequiredunits(ortheirsubstitutes)orpayVPs[8.7];adjustVPmarkerontheVPTrack[25.1].

5. Air Readiness PhaseRefertotheAirUnitStatusCards.a.ResolveReadinessforairunitsinFlownBoxes[9.11].b.ResolveReadinessforairunitsinDamagedBoxes[9.11].

�. Axis Air Interdiction Phasea.AxisplayerdesignatesInterdictionmissionhexes.b.AxisplayerplacesairunitsfromhisReadyBoxfacedownon

missionhexes[17.23],orontotheNavalMovementInterdictionBox.

c. Soviet player places fighters from his Ready Box on mission hexes [17.23]andNavalMovementInterdictionBox,asdesired.

d.Axisplayer revealsunits anddeclareswhicharemissionandfiring units [17.31.b.2].

e.Resolveaircombat[17.33].f.SovietplayerresolvesAAFireagainstsurvivingAxismission

airunits[17.4].g.PlaceInterdictionmarkersinmissionhexesthatstillcontainAxis

missionairunits[13.14]andintheNavalMovementInterdictionBox.PlaceairunitsintheFlownBox.

�. Naval Readiness Phasea.ResolveReadinessfornavalunitsinport[PB8.13].

b.ConductNavalDamageRepair[PB8.35].

Note:InthisgameonlytheSovietplayerhasnavalunits.

B. AXIS PLAYER SEGMENT�. Axis Movement Phasea. PlaceReceivingReplacementsmarkersondesiredon-mapunits

[10.12].b.Conductgroundunitmovement.Allunittypesareallowedtomove.

DetachRegimentSubstituteCountersbeforemovement[24.3].c.SpecialMovementproceduresallowed: • Reinforcemententry[10.13.d] • Railroad[11.1] • Strategic[11.3] • Overrun[11.4] • Infiltration [11.5] • AirTransport[11.7] • One-hexmovement[11.9]c.AdjustVPTrackforVPhexesoccupied.

d.RecombineRegimentSubstituteCounters[24.4].

e.Checkeachfriendlyhexforover-stacking[3.3].

2. Axis Attack Declaration PhaseDeclareallattacksandmarkDefenderHexeswithDeclaredAttackmarkers[12.0].

3. Soviet Reaction Phasea. EligiblemotorizedunitsconductReactionMovement,moving

EXPANDED SEQUENCE OF PLAY

55Crimea PLAYBOOK


atone-halfMA[14.1].b.DesignateartillerysupportforDefenderHexes[14.2].c.IssueRetreatorNoRetreatorders[14.3].

4. Axis Combat Phasea. CASmissionsandShippingAttackmissions 1)AxisplayermovesairunitsfromhisReadyBoxtoanydesired

DefenderHexandplacesthemfacedown[17.23]. 2)SovietplayermovesairunitsfromhisReadyBoxtoanydesired

DefenderHex[17.23]. 3)Axisplayerrevealshisairunitsanddeclaresthemasmission

or firing units [17.31.b.2]. 4)Axis player resolves air combats in any order desired

[17.33]. 5)BothplayersresolveAAFireasnecessary[17.4]. 6)NetthesurvivingopposingCASpointsineachmissionhex.

Convert remaining CAS points into a combat die roll DRM[15.13].

7)ResolvetheShippingAttackTableforbothAxisairandcoastdefenseartilleryunitsandapplyDamagepoints[PB6.44].

b.AxisplayerdesignatesallDeclaredAttacksthatareAttackSup-pliedanddesignatesthoseMSUsorDumpsthatwillprovidetheAttackSupplyPoints[15.3].

c. TheAxisplayerconductsCitadelDestruction[PB7.33].d.AxisplayerresolvesDeclaredAttacksinanyorderdesired[15.2].

FollowthesequencebelowforeachDeclaredAttack: 1)Axisplayerallocatesartillery support if theattack receives

AttackSupply[15.4]. 2)Axis player totals participating attack and support strength

[15.51]. 3)SovietplayerrevealsUntriedunitsandremovesanywithzero

defensestrength[15.54]. 4)Sovietplayertotalsparticipatingdefenseandsupportstrength

[15.54and15.55]. 5)ExpendAxisASP(s)ifAttackSupplyisdesignated[15.56]. 6) Determine final odds [15.57]. 7)AxisplayerissuesanyRetreatorNoRetreatorders[15.58]. 8)AnyDefenderOrdersmarkerisrevealed[15.59] 9) Net Axis and Soviet DRMs. The final DRM cannot exceed +3

or–3[15.6and15.7]. 10)ResolvethecombatusingtheCRT[15.8]. 11) Remove DeclaredAttack, Orders, and Numeric markers

[15.81.h]. 12)Applycombatresults[16.1through16.4]. 13)AdjustStepLossandVPTracksasneeded[16.25]. 14)ConductAdvanceAfterCombat[16.5]. 15)AdjustVPTrackforVPhexescaptured[25.12].

5. Axis Motorized Movement Phasea.Onlythefollowingunitsareallowedtomove:[seeMovement

PhaseChart]. • Motorizedunits—atonlyone-halfMA • Cavalry—atonlyone-halfMAb.SpecialMovementproceduresallowed: • Reinforcemententry[10.13.g](formotorizedandcavalryunits

only) • Overrun[11.4] • One-hexmovement[11.9]c.AdjustVPTrackforVPhexescaptured[25.12].d. Checkeachfriendlyhexforover-stacking[3.3].

�. Axis Engineering Phasea.Turnoveron-mapStrongpointUnderConstructionmarkers;place

newStrongpointUnderConstructionmarkersinallowedhexes[18.31through18.35].

b. PlaceorturnoverFerrymarkers[PB2.35].c.ConductAxisRailroadConversion[19.2].d.ConductCapturedRailroadutilization[PB2.34].e. Place Fortified Line (or Fortified Belt Hex) Destroyed markers

andremoveStrongpointsifallowed[18.13].f.RemoveOverrunmarkersfromSovietunits[11.44note].g. SpendAxisRPs;removeReceivingReplacementsmarkers[7.41].

Increasereceivingunitsbytheallowednumberofsteps.h.RemoveDoNotMoveOneGTmarkersfromAxisunits.Turn

anyDoNotMoveTwoGTmarkersonAxisunitstotheirOneGTside.

i. Turn an Axis S-H artillery unit to its firing side, if desired, if it did notmoveduringtheturn[23.43.b].

C. SOVIET PLAYER SEGMENTNote the change in sequence. When a phase is noted “same as,” return to the identical phase in Segment B and substitute “Soviet” wherever “Axis” appears, and “Axis” wherever “Soviet” ap-pears.

�. Soviet Motorized Movement Phasea.PlaceReceivingReplacementsmarkersondesiredon-mapunits

[10.12]oronunitsinaHoldingBox.b. Conductgroundunitmovement: 1) Unit types allowed to move are [see Movement Phase

Chart]: • Motorized—atfullMA • Cavalry—atone-halfMA • ArmoredTrain—atfullMA • UnitsactivatedbyOperationalHQs—atfullMA • Flotillaunits—atfullMA • Navalunits—atfullNMPallowance 2)UnitswithReceivingReplacementsmarkerscannotmove. 3)SpecialMovementproceduresallowed: • Reinforcemententry(motorizedandcavalryonly)[10.13.b] • One-hexmovement[11.9] • ArmoredTrain[11.12exception]



• Overrun[11.4] • Motorized Infiltration [11.5] • Navalunitmovement(Sovietonly)[PB8.2] • Evacuation[PB8.55] • AmphibiousAssaultnavalmovement[PB8.74.a] • Flotillamovement(Sovietonly)[PB8.82] 4)Resolve theNavalMovementLossTable separately for all

navalunitsthatmoved,orwhichendthephaseatsea.c. AdjustVPTrackforVPhexesregained[25.12].d.Checkeachfriendlyhexforover-stacking[3.3].

2. Soviet Attack Declaration PhaseSameasAxisphase[12.0].

3. Axis Reaction PhaseSameasSovietphase.

4. Soviet Combat PhaseSameasAxiscombatphase[15.0and16.0],and:AllowAmphibiousAssaultcombat[PB8.74.c]

5. Soviet Movement Phasea.Conductgroundunitmovement: 1)Allunittypesareallowedtomoveexcept: • UnitswithActivationmarkers • UnitswithReceivingReplacementsmarkers • Armored Trains that moved in the motorized movement

phase Note:Motorizedunitsmoveatone-halfMA[seeMovementPhase

Chart] 2)SpecialMovementproceduresallowed: • Reinforcemententry[10.13.d] • ArmoredTrain[10.14] • One-hexmovement[10.53exception] • Railroad[11.1] • Strategic[11.3] • Overrun[11.4] • Cavalry Infiltration [11.52.b] • Evacuation[PB8.55] 3)ZapUnitInfantryRebuilding.AZapunitcanaddoneTypeI

steptoaneligibleunit[7.22.c.2].

4)Specialmovementconductedafteron-mapmovementceas-es:

• Navalmovement[PB8.2]—atfullNMPallowance • Flotillamovement[PB8.82]—atfullMA 5)Resolve theNavalMovementLossTable separately for all

navalunitsthatmoved,orwhichendthephaseatsea.c. AdjustVPTrackforVPhexesregained[25.12].d.Checkeachfriendlyhexforover-stacking[3.3].

�. Soviet Engineering PhaseSameasAxisengineeringphaseexcept:a.Sovietengineersspeedstrongpointconstruction[23.11]andare

requiredforSovietrailroadconversion[19.3]b.CuttingAxisraillines[19.4]c.RemoveOverrunmarkersfromAxisunits[11.44note]d.SpendSovietRPstoremoveReceivingReplacementsmarkers

fromon-mapunits [7.41]; increaseeachreceivingunitbyonestep.

e.SpendSovietRPstomoveunitsfromtheCadreBoxtotheActiveBox,orthemap[7.43.d].

f.SpendSovietRPstomoveunitsfromtheEliminatedBoxtotheCadreBox.

g. RemoveDoNotMoveOneGTmarkersfromSovietunits.TurnanyDoNotMoveTwoGTmarkersonSovietunitstotheirOneGTside.

�. Soviet Surrender Phasea.Performsurrenderchecks.UnitsthatfailareplacedintheElimi-

natedBox[21.0].b.AdjustStepLossandVPTrackasneeded[25.13].

D. GAME TURN INTERPHASE�.RemoveallActivationmarkersandInterdictionLevelmarkers[13.14].

�. Soviet player performs Non-op HQ recovery or disbandment[22.26.b].

3.RemovetheIceBridge[PB10.44.c.3].

4. Move the Game-Turn marker ahead by one box on theTurnRecordTrack.

GMT Games, LLCP.O.Box1308,Hanford,CA93232-1308

www.GMTGames.com

P L A Y B O O K Crimea PLAYBOOK - GMT · PDF fileThe Crimea is a large peninsular •...

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