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Lesson ObjectiveLesson Objective Explain the fire prevention triangleExplain the fire prevention triangle List examples of risk, hazard, and List examples of risk, hazard, and

values as related to fire preventionvalues as related to fire prevention

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IntroductionIntroduction Over half of the United States, Over half of the United States,

about one billion acres is forest, about one billion acres is forest, brush, and grasslands. Annually, brush, and grasslands. Annually, about 100,000 wildfires start on about 100,000 wildfires start on these lands.these lands.

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These fires burn more than five These fires burn more than five million acres, destroying structures, million acres, destroying structures, resources, and lives.resources, and lives.

The average cost to suppress The average cost to suppress these fires exceed 1.2 billion these fires exceed 1.2 billion dollars.dollars.

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The Serious Wildland Fire The Serious Wildland Fire Problem In The U.S.Problem In The U.S. 90 percent of these fires are human 90 percent of these fires are human

caused.caused. Different regions of the U.S. experience Different regions of the U.S. experience

unique fire cause problems.unique fire cause problems. The west may be lightning, but the The west may be lightning, but the

northeast and south are human caused.northeast and south are human caused.

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Major Causes Of Wildland FiresMajor Causes Of Wildland Fires

ArsonArson CampfiresCampfires Debris burningDebris burning Equipment useEquipment use SmokingSmoking

ChildrenChildren RailroadsRailroads Power linesPower lines

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The Wildland Fire EnvironmentThe Wildland Fire Environment Topography, fuels, and air mass Topography, fuels, and air mass

(weather)(weather) Ignition susceptibility and fire behavior Ignition susceptibility and fire behavior

are determined by these elements.are determined by these elements. Wildland environment no longer Wildland environment no longer

consists only of naturally occurring consists only of naturally occurring elements.elements.

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The Wildland Fire EnvironmentThe Wildland Fire Environment An important effect on the environment An important effect on the environment

is the human impact.is the human impact. The suppression of periodic natural The suppression of periodic natural

wildland fire has changed fuels wildland fire has changed fuels characteristics.characteristics.

The wildland fire prevention problem will The wildland fire prevention problem will increase.increase.

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Wildland Fire Prevention In The U.S.Wildland Fire Prevention In The U.S.

A National and Regional integrated A National and Regional integrated programprogram

Wildland Fire Prevention is complexWildland Fire Prevention is complex

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Wildland Fire Prevention Defined:Wildland Fire Prevention Defined:

Activities, such as, public education, Activities, such as, public education, community outreach, law enforcement, community outreach, law enforcement, and reduction of hazardous fuels that and reduction of hazardous fuels that are intended to reduce wildland fire and are intended to reduce wildland fire and the risks it poses to life and property.the risks it poses to life and property.

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Risks “Potential To Ignite”Risks “Potential To Ignite”

Equipment, Equipment, vehiclesvehicles

CampfiresCampfires SmokingSmoking ChildrenChildren

RailroadsRailroads Transportation Transportation

systemssystems StructuresStructures IncendiaryIncendiary

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EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT

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VEHICLE ACCIDENTS1B-15-P101-EP

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StructuresStructures

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Hazard Is Fuel Defined By Its:Hazard Is Fuel Defined By Its:

VolumeVolume TypeType ConditionCondition

ArrangementArrangement LocationLocation

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The fuels, topographic, and weather The fuels, topographic, and weather features of an area determine the features of an area determine the ease of ignition and fire suppression ease of ignition and fire suppression difficulty.difficulty.

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Hazard is the “Potential To Burn”Hazard is the “Potential To Burn”

Activity Activity debris/slashdebris/slash

Homes/structuresHomes/structures Dry grassDry grass Dead treesDead trees

TrashTrash Ground litterGround litter

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RISK and HAZARDEQUALS

FIRE

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Value is defined as any area, whether Value is defined as any area, whether it be natural or developed, where loss it be natural or developed, where loss or damage from Wildland Fire would or damage from Wildland Fire would be unacceptable.be unacceptable.

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Examples Of Value Elements Could Examples Of Value Elements Could Be:Be: DevelopmentsDevelopments WatershedWatershed CulturalCultural Aesthetic/scenicAesthetic/scenic

SoilsSoils PlantsPlants

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EDUCATIONEDUCATION ENGINEERINGENGINEERING

ENFORCEMENTENFORCEMENT

Fire Prevention TriangleFire Prevention Triangle

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The fire prevention triangle is used The fire prevention triangle is used by Fire Prevention Specialists to by Fire Prevention Specialists to describe the fire prevention describe the fire prevention program.program.

Like the fire triangle, the fire Like the fire triangle, the fire prevention triangle separates a prevention triangle separates a program into three key areas.program into three key areas.

The education leg of the The education leg of the triangle, the objective is triangle, the objective is to modify or change to modify or change human behavior.human behavior.

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Fire Prevention Education Has Fire Prevention Education Has Five Main Elements That Are Five Main Elements That Are Intended To:Intended To:

Create an awareness of the fire problemCreate an awareness of the fire problem Provide information needed to Provide information needed to

understand the risks, hazards, and understand the risks, hazards, and values associated with wildfirevalues associated with wildfire

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Fire Prevention Education Will:Fire Prevention Education Will:

Establish ownership with the problemEstablish ownership with the problem Change attitudeChange attitude Change behaviorChange behavior

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Fire Prevention Education Four Key Fire Prevention Education Four Key FactorsFactors Target the right peopleTarget the right people Use the right messageUse the right message Time the message appropriately Time the message appropriately Use the appropriate Use the appropriate

vehicle/transmissionvehicle/transmission

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Types of Educational Activities That Types of Educational Activities That Help Deliver The Wildfire Prevention Help Deliver The Wildfire Prevention Message To:Message To: A specific audienceA specific audience To address a specific problemTo address a specific problem At key times, for maximum At key times, for maximum

effectivenesseffectiveness

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Are YOU Prepared?

CAMPFIRECAMPFIRE

SAFETYSAFETYREPORTARSON

Call:

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What Is Engineering What Is Engineering

and and

How Is It Done?How Is It Done?

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Removing The Heat Source From Removing The Heat Source From The FuelThe Fuel

This involves such actions as using This involves such actions as using spark arresters, closing an area spark arresters, closing an area because of a hazardous situation, or because of a hazardous situation, or smoking only in designated areassmoking only in designated areas

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Closing Areas to The PublicClosing Areas to The Public

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Reducing or Eliminating FuelsReducing or Eliminating Fuels

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Prescribed FirePrescribed Fire

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Fuelbreaks, Clearing Around StructuresFuelbreaks, Clearing Around Structures

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Campfire Clearance

Campfire Clearance

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Through Engineering AND Education,

We Can Provide a Safer EnvironmentFor The Public To Enjoy

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What Is Enforcement ?What Is Enforcement ?andand

How Is It Done?How Is It Done?

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Once We Identify HAZARD AND RISK

We CanEducateEngineerEnforce

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EngineeringEngineering

EnforcementEnforcement

Fire Prevention TriangleFire Prevention Triangle

EducationEducationEducationEducation

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Summary and Review Lesson Summary and Review Lesson ObjectivesObjectives Explain the fire prevention triangle Explain the fire prevention triangle List examples of risk, hazard, and value List examples of risk, hazard, and value

as related to fire preventionas related to fire prevention

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