1. In partial fulfillment of the requirement For degree of Bachelor of Pharmacy PRESENTED BY: SUPERVISED BY : TIJI THOMAS MR. BHARAT VASHISTHA B.PHARM 4TH YEAR ASST. PROFESSOR BATCH 2010-2014 MAHARISHI ARVIND COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AMBABARI, JAIPUR

2. Ozone therapy is a form of alternative medicine treatment that purports to increase the amount of oxygen in the body by introduction of ozone in body. Ozone is a naturally occurring gaseous molecule of triatomic allotrope of Oxygen , formed by recombination of Oxygen atoms and represented as O3. It is a colorless gas with characteristic pungent odor and can easily be detected at low level of 0.05 ppm. It is a very strong oxidant and is over 3000 times more powerful disinfectant than Chlorine. 3. Ozone is created in a number of different ways, including ultra violet (UV) light, corona discharge of electricity through an oxygen stream (including air), and several others. In industrial ozone generators the ambient air (oxygen) passes through an air gap between a high voltage electrode and a stainless steel grounding electrode. The energy field of electrons created by the high voltage electrode instantly converts oxygen (O2) molecules into ozone (O3). 4. When ozone enters in the system it reacts with biomolecules (pufa, antioxidants) present in the plasma, the reaction yields hydrogen peroxide (among other possible ROS) and lipid oxidation products (LOPS). The sudden rise in plasma concentration of hydrogen peroxide generates a gradient, which causes its rapid transfer into blood cells where, in a few seconds, it activates several biochemical processes and simultaneously undergoes reduction to water by the efficient intracellular antioxidant system of body. 5. This critical step corresponds to a controlled, acute and transient oxidative stress necessary for biological activation, without concomitant toxicity, provided that the ozone dose is compatible with the blood antioxidant capacity. While ROS are responsible for immediate biological effects. And LOPs are important as late effectors, when the blood, ozonated ex vivo, returns into the circulation . 6. LATER EFFECTS OF LOPS(LIPID OXIDATION PRODUCT ) ARE: 7. The biological effects elicited during exposure of human blood to oxygen-ozone, ex vivo and during its reinfusion in the donor. 8. 1. MAJOR OZONE AUTOHAEMOTHERAPY (AHT): This term indicates the classical and unsurpassed procedure in which blood is withdrawn from the body, mixed with ozone gas, and then injects it back into the body through a vein or muscle by IV(major AHT) or IM (minor AHT) into the donor. Major and minor are only meant to indicate a different volume of blood: 50-100 ml for the former and 5-10 ml for the latter. 2. RECTAL INSUFFLATION (RI) Payr and Aubourg, in 1936, introduced a mixture of ozone and oxygen into the rectum and absorbed in body through intestine .This method is used for a varity of health problems and considered as one of the safest method of administration. 9. 3. QUASI-TOTAL BODY EXPOSURE TO OXYGEN OZONE (BOEX) In this method exposing the body (excluding the head and neck to avoid pulmonary toxicity) in an ozone resistant container (a large polyethylene bag would be a poor solution) for patients who refused rectal insufflation and for those who had no previous venous access for AHT. 4. OZONE BAGGING Ozone limb bagging requires only a clear plastic bag in order to confine the ozone to the area being treated. The limb is moistened first, in order to aid the penetration of ozone through the skin, then enclosed in the plastic bag and the ozone is introduced by the silicone tube from the generator into the bag. 5. Ozonated oils Used primarily to treat skin disease ,ozone is added to olive oils and applied as balms or salve for long term low dose exposure. 6. Ozonated water In this method ozone is allowed to bubbled with water and used externally for bath of wounds , burns and slow healing skin disease. 10. 1. INFECTIOUS DISEASES (BACTERIAL, VIRAL, FUNGAL, PARASITIC) 2. DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH CARDIAC RHYTHM DISTURBANCE. 3. CHRONIC GASTRITIS & GASTRODUODENITIS 4. BRONCHIAL ASTHMA & CHRONIC BRONCHITIS 5. DIABETES MELLITUS 6. HYPERTENSIVE DISEASE 7. GYNAECOLOGY 8. MIGRANE 9.IMMUNO MODULATOR 10. SKIN PURIFIER 11. Ozone therapies are beneficial for patients in the following ways: 12. 1. DENTAL CARIES: Ozone is effectively used as an antibacterial agent to treat oral infections caused by Actinomyces naeslundii, Lactobacilii casei and Streptococcus mutans. Exposure of about 60 seconds exhibited 99.9% killing efficiency but exposure for such a long period showed degradation of saliva proteins. So exposure of 10 seconds to 30 seconds was proved effective to kill significant number of bacteria. 2. TREATMENT OF AIDS AND CANCERS: ozone is now a days used in treatment of AIDS and cancers by preventing the various infections caused by viral and bacterial attacks. 3. USE OF OZONE IN AGRICULTURE: ozone is used for the agricultural soil sterility and biomedical prevention from infectious disease in plants and crops. 13. Bocci V. (1998)Ozonetherapy may act as a biological response modifier in cancer. Forsch Komplement. Cardile, V., Jiang, X., Russo, A., (1995). Effects of ozone on some biological activities of cells in vitro. Cell Biol. Toxicol Hatch GE. (1990)Commentary on Cellular, biochemical and functional effects of ozone: New research and perspectives on ozone health effects. Toxicol Lett.