Oxidation of Metals
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Transcript of Oxidation of Metals
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Oxidation of Metals
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Review!
What we’ve learned about metal so far:◦Reacts with acid to create hydrogen gas◦Hydrogen is explosive◦Acid will cause metal to disintegrate/erode
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What is Oxidation?
Process that is a reaction between a substance and oxygen
Most common type of oxidation is rust
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The Reaction
All starts with the atomAtoms are made up of 3 parts:
◦Protons◦Electrons◦Neutrons
For our reactions we will only care about the electrons
Subatomic particles
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Once an electron is lost, the atom is known as an ion.
If electron is lost, it is a positive ion
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Once an electron is gained, it is also called an ion.
A gained electron makes a negative ion
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Where do we find ions?
Ions commonly appear when certain compounds are dissolved in water◦Dissolving salt in water will produce both
sodium and chlorine ions:Na+ and Cl-
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Why does this matter?
When a car rusts, the iron in the steel reacts with oxygen in the atmosphere
The iron loses an electron where the oxygen gains one
The reaction simply transfers electrons:
Iron + Oxygen Iron oxide
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Description of Reaction
Any time a substance loses one or more electrons, it is called oxidation
Any time a substance gains electrons, it is called reduction
Together the reaction is called a redox reaction
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Examples of common oxidation
Rust
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Copper
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Silver
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Aluminum
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Issues with Oxidation
Energetic reactions = lots of heat potentially
Can cause fires if reaction happens quickly
Can cause fires to burn more intensely
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Predicting Reactions
To predict if a reaction is going to occur we use a chart that ranks the hold on electrons by certain metals
Chart is called the activity series
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Activity Series
Any metal found higher in the series has a weak hold on electrons and will react with anything below it
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Applications
Protection from corrosion is widely used◦Corrosion = when the surface of a metal is
eaten away chemicallyProtection from corrosion uses the activity
series in 3 ways:1. Painting surface2. Metal coatings – ie galvanizing3. Placing more reactive material close by –
ie zinc pieces on boat motor
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Time to answer some questions!