OVERVIEW OF WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA

WASTE COMPOSITION AND RECYCLING RATE

2005 2012

Population 26,600,000 28,300,300

Waste Generation (tonne/day) 19,000++ 33,000

Generation rate 0.8kg/day/person 1.1kg/day/person

Waste composition(%)

Food Waste 45 44.5

Plastic 24 13.2

Diapers - 12.1

Paper 7 8.5

Garden Waste - 5.8

Glass

24

3.3

Textile 3.1

Others 9.5

Recycling Rate (%) 10.5

33,000 ton/day- what does it mean?

1 day – 0.183333 km square of 1m high30 days – 5.5 km square

44 months – Kuala Lumpur of 243 km square, full with 1 m high solid waste

RECYCLING – ECONOMIC POTENTIALWASTE TO WEALTH

Composition Percentage (%)

Amount(tones/year)

Market price(RM/kg)

Values(Million, RM)

Papers 17.1 1,026,000 0.20 205.2

Plastics 9.1 546,000 0.30 163.8

Glass 3.7 222,000 0.05 11.1

Aluminium 0.4 24,000 2.00 48.0

Scrap Metals 1.6 96,000 0.50 48.0

Other non-recyclable

68.1 4,086,000 - -

Total 100.0 6,000,000 - 476.1

Note:

1) Waste composition data obtained from MHLG (2005)

2) Total waste generation was estimated at 6 million tones per year

3) Average market prices were based on prices at recycling centre as at September 2005; actual prices at recyclable agents, middleman and end buyers (industries) are usually much higher

PART X

REDUCTION AND RECOVERY OF CONTROLLED SOLID WASTE

101. Reduction, reuse and recycling

102. Take back system and deposit refund system

3R PROVISION IN THE SOLID WASTE AND PUBLIC CLEANSING

MANAGEMENT ACT (ACT 672)

LAB PENGURUSAN SISA PEPEJAL PEMANDU

LAB PENGURUSAN SISA PEPEJAL PEMANDU

ACTION P

LAN ?

PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION & RETAILS

CONSUMER STORAGE COLLECTION TRANSFER /HAULAGE TREATMENT

HOUSEHOLD WASTE COMMERCIAL / INSTITUTIONAL WASTE INDUSTRIAL WASTE CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION SPECIAL WASTE

DISPOSAL

PrivatisationImproved serviceFree waste bin

2 Transfer station

One RDF plant

WtE

ENVIROMENT

SOCIAL ECONOMY

SUSTAINABILITY

WASTE STREAM

LIF

E C

YC

LE

DESIGN

Sanitary landfill

Small incinerator

KL incinerator

LFG to energy

PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION & RETAILS

CONSUMER STORAGE COLLECTION TRANSFER /HAULAGE TREATMENT

HOUSEHOLD WASTE COMMERCIAL / INSTITUTIONAL WASTE INDUSTRIAL WASTE CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION SPECIAL WASTE

DISPOSAL

-Recyclability-Recycle content-Policy

-Extended producer Responsibility-Take back -Deposit refund-ELV-Waste exchange

-Public participation-Home composting -Home AD -PAYT

-Packaging-Policy-Packaging tax

PrivatisationImproved serviceFree waste bin

2 Transfer station

One RDF plant

WtE

ENVIROMENT

SOCIAL ECONOMY

SUSTAINABILITY

WASTE STREAM

LIF

E C

YC

LE

DESIGN

Separation at source

Sanitary landfill

Small incinerator

KL incinerator

LFG to energy

Landfill tax

THE OBJECTIVE

To formulate an action plan for

Comprehensive, Integrated and Sustainable solid waste management in Malaysia

51.62

13.18

8.45

12.14

1.312.7310.57

Organic WastePlasticPaperDiapersHousehold Hazardous WasteMetalOthers

HOUSEHOLD WASTE COMPOSITION

WASTE FROM HOUSEHOLD & SIMILAR WASTE

Reliable collection Free waste bin Regular monitoring

(KPI) Effective public

complaint system

Increase in waste generation- rate & volume Segregation at source

Hazardous household waste (1.3%)(Chemical and biological hazard)

WEE – hazardous (DOE) Bulky waste

Garden waste

- 2 x per week – kitchen waste + residual waste

- 1 x per week - recyclable + bulky + garden waste

- New collection vehicle – EN1505- No spillage (waste & leachate)

What we have improved?

What are the pending issues ?

53 / 99 PBTs

Waste discarded – 10 to 2500 ton/day

FOOD AND ORGANIC WASTE

45% of waste discarded, 15,000 ton/day Storage – enclosed (animal, vector), decompose High collection cost – special compactor, regular collection Contribute to greenhouse gasses (GHG) Produce leachate – pollution, LTP (high CAPEX & OPEX) Low calorific value (but nutrient rich waste) Generators – house, food court, restaurant, hotel, market,

training institution, food industry (expired products), event, etc.

Treatment of the food wastes - extremely limited

CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE COMPOSITION

ConcreteMetalBricksPlasticWoodsOthers

Percentage (%)

12.3

9.6

6.5

0.4

69.1

2

CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION (C&D) WASTE ISSUES

The Star Newspaper, 2011

The Star Newspaper, 2012

CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE ISSUE

Main issue – illegal dumping

85% recyclable Secondary construction materials Pilot project – Worldwide Inert Waste Landfill

Kampung Sungai Kertas, Gombak

PLASTIC IN LANDFILL

PLASTICS,TETRA PAK, DIAPERS

Highest in numbers - 15% Very noticeable in landfill, non- degradable Used in most consumer products

Plastic resin used - 3,087,765 ton/year or 8459 ton/day PE (985,000 ton/yr), PP(450,000 ton/yr), PET(178,000

ton/yr), PS (215,000 ton/yr), ABS (170,000 ton/yr) PVC (350,000 ton/yr) - dioxin

Low Recycling rate- 2.5%: 109 ton/day (recycle) vs. 4,300 ton/day (discarded)

PLASTIC APPLICATION

PackagingElectrical and ElectronicHouseholdeAutomotiveConstructionAgricultureOthers

Percentage (%)

42

26

10

11

7

2

2

Potential – recycle industry (W2W), high Calorific Value (WtE) MPMA participation & contribution Brand owner participation & contribution

All waste except food waste, plastic, C&D, garden waste

E-Waste (WEE), Furniture, Textile, Leather goods, Rubber, Glass, Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) – paint,

thinners, kitchen cleaners and End of Life Vehicle (ELV)

Disposed to landfill Lack of recycling facilities Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)

Take back, deposit refund, recycling material content

CONSUMER GOODS

WASTE MANAGEMENT IN11th MALAYSIA PLAN

Rancangan Malaysia Kesebelas (RMKe-11)

Dokumen RMKe-11 terdiri daripada enam (6) teras tama

Teras 1 – Merekayasa Pertumbuhan Ekonomi

Teras 2 – Memperkasa Pemacu Pertumbuhan

Teras 3 – Memanfaat Bakat

Teras 4 – Mengarusperdana Pengurusan Alam Sekitar dan Sumber Asli

Teras 5 – Memperkukuh Pembangunan Inklusif

Teras 6 – Meningkat Kesejahteraan Rakyat

Waste Management in 11th Malaysia Plan

Implementation of comprehensive, integrated & sustainable waste management

Policy Legal aspect – implementation of Act 672 Strengthening the institutions Capacity building etc.

Defining Integrated WM

Integrated solid waste management strategic approach to sustainable management covering all sources and all aspects,

generation, segregation, transfer, sorting, treatment, recovery and disposal

in an integrated manner, with an emphasis on maximizing resource use

efficiency.

ENVIRONMENT

by reducing or eliminating adverse impacts on the local

and general environment and

minimizing resource extraction

SOCIALECONOMIC

public participation in 3R activity

by delivering more attractive and pleasant human settlements

better social amenity, sources of employment and potentially a route out of poverty

by reducing the budget needed for solid waste collection services, treatment, and disposal

by improving economic efficiency, especially in resource extraction and use

By creation of markets for the recyclables

Defining Sustainable WM

Source: Guidelines for National Waste Management Strategies - Moving from challenge to opportunitiesUnited Nations Institute for Training and Research

Integrated Sustainable Waste Management Plan Model

STAKEHOLDERSLocal AuthoritiesNGOs / CBOsService usersIndustries & CommercialPrivate informal sectorPrivate formal sectorDonor agencies

WASTE SYSTEM ELEMENTS

Producers & Retailers

Generation & Separation

Collection Transfer & Transport

Treatment & Disposal

Reduction Reduction Re-use Recycling Recovery

ASPECTSTechnicalEnvironmental / HealthFinancial / EconomicSocio-culturalInstitutionalPolicy / Legal/ Political

Process time

Sustainability

Source: Integrated Solid Waste ManagementMushtaq Ahemd MEMONInternational Environmental Technology Centre

(IETC)

SCPI

SCPI

Benefits of ISWM

Cleaner and safe neighbourhoods Higher resource use efficiency Resource augmentation Savings in waste management costs due to

reduced levels of final waste disposal Better business opportunities and economic

growth Local ownership & responsibilities / participation

Source: Integrated Solid Waste ManagementMushtaq Ahemd MEMONInternational Environmental Technology Centre

(IETC)

Process to Develop ISWM

Waste Characterization & Quantification Future

Trends

Targets for ISWM

Prevailing Solid Waste Management System &

Gaps therein

Constraints & Stakeholders' Concerns

Integrated Sustainable Waste Management Plan

(Management System including Technical, Policy & Voluntary aspects)

1 3

2 4

Source: Integrated Solid Waste ManagementMushtaq Ahemd MEMONInternational Environmental Technology Centre

(IETC)

Committees

Advisory Committee To provide input and guidance concerning aspect

related to their field of expertise An independent committee member

Steering Committee To direct and monitor the ISWM planning process

The End

Thank you for your attention

WASTE MANAGEMENT ISSUEPLASTICS

Teras 4 dalam RMKe-11

Pengurusan sisa: satu daripada enam isu utama yang terdapat

dalam TWG Biodiversiti, Pengurusan Alam Sekitar dan Perubahan Iklam

kurang diberi penekanan dan sering dilihat secara berasingan dalam dokumen-dokumen Rancangan Malaysia sebelum ini.

lebih menyeluruh dan bersepadu diberi penekanan dalam penyediaan kertas strategi

Isu e-waste di Malaysia

Perundangan sedia ada digubal hanya untuk digunapakai di sektor industri dan kurang sesuai untuk pengurusan sisa bagi isi rumah

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mengenalpasti pendekatan berkesan bagi menggalakkan masyarakat menguruskan e-waste