Overview of the ifad funded clca project
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Transcript of Overview of the ifad funded clca project
Overview of the IFAD-Funded CLCA Project
Hichem BEN SALEM
Director DSIPSPICARDA Focal Point CRP DS
Annual Consultation MeetingIFAD - ICARDA AmmanOctober 21-22, 2014
Integrated Crop-Livestock Conservation Agriculture for Sustainable Intensification of Cereal-based Systems in North Africa and Central Asia
Outline
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1. Briefs on Integrated farming systems and CA
2. Presentation of the CLCA project
3. Achievements
4. Strengthening partnership
5. Concluding remarks
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Integrated Crop-Livestock?
Production• Farms operating on marginal profit• Economic vulnerability with specialized production• High cost of fuel and nutrients• Pests become greater with monocultures• Yield decline could be overcome with rotation
Environment• Nutrient recycling could be improved in both systems
(Conventional Agric. and CA)• Conservation of soil and water possible with sod-based
management systems
Why Conservation Agriculture?
Economic advantages
Environmental advantages
Stubble retention
Minimal soil disturbance
Crop• early sowing• higher yield potential• savings - time,
machinery, fuel
Soil• better soil structure (OM)• better soil-water dynamics (porosity)• better nutrient recycling (NPK)• improved trafficability
Environment• less pollution• less erosion• C sequestration
(1%C = 33t/ha)
High production, profit, sustainability benefits
CA cropping
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Stubbles• for livestock feeding• to increase OM level in the soil
Take ???? Leave ????
• Can the different components of the farming system (crop, livestock) be efficiently integrated?
• Livestock and no-till cropping farms may co-exist?
Global challenges
• Are the farmers willing to grow forage legumes or change their crop rotation pattern?
IFAD-CLCA Project– Countries: Algeria, Tunisia, Tajikistan– Period: Jan. 2013- Jan. 2016 (3 years)– Budget: US$ 1,500,000 – Source of Funding: IFAD
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CLCA project
Objective - Through integrated and participatory research with farmers, NARES will develop and test innovative approaches (i.e. reduced tillage) and management (i.e. improved cropping options) options and practices (i.e. residue management through restricted grazing) for the adoption of integrated CLCA by small holder farmers
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Among the originalities• CA introduced for the first time in Tajikistan• Crop-Livestock integration• Crop-Livestock integration under CA• CA in small/medium farms• CA in semiarid areas
Originalities & Challenges
Challenges• No research data on CA in semiarid areas• No research data on integrated crop-livestock under CA• Target areas experience short and long term drought• Changing rainfall patterns
Participatory Approach in This Project
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M’Sila – SetifChouarnia – LaroussaRasht ValleyFergana ValleyGissar Valley
Communitiesfarmers
Research ICARDAINRAT, INAT, ESAMITGCTRIF, TRISS, TRV, TRIE
DonorIFAD
CRDA-SilianaINGC
Administ.
Informal local institution
Population
- Governorate/district
- Ministry of Agric.- Etc.
Policy makers
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Project agenda
Part 1 - Understanding and responding to the trade-offs, constraints and opportunities for the adoption of the crop-livestock CA systems in project areas of CWANA
Outputs1. Ex-ante evaluation for CA based technologies in CWANA,
proposed activities and milestones
2. Enhanced crop-livestock integration in CA through optimized stubble grazing strategies and increased fodder availability from forages or fodder shrubs
3. Site-specific conservation agriculture technology packages fine-tuned and disseminated for enhanced farm productivity, resource use efficiency and profitability 9
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Project agenda
Enhanced capacity development, co-learning, knowledge and information dissemination in the target areas and across CWANA
Part 2 - Knowledge management and dissemination
4. Enhanced capacity development, co-learning, knowledge and information dissemination in the target areas and across CWANA
Output
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Achievements – Output 1 Ex-Ante evaluation
Output 1 Summary TasksProgress Progress
Status -2014 Outputs
Ex-Ante
Development of baseline data on farming and tillage practices, crop choices, and farmer perceptions, in the target regions. New farm surveys will be conducted
using a representative random sample of the
farming community including data on crop residue management,
feeding strategies, resource flow maps for ex-ante
analysis. The survey will cover about 400 farms by
country per target area giving a total survey of 1200
farms.
Collect relevant secondary data Completed Completed by the countries
Design and piloting of household level (farmer) questionnaires Completed Original copy of the questionnaire
English (Tajik, Russian, French) translation of questionnaires CompletedQuestionnaires in English, French,
Russian and Tajik are available
Recruitment & training of enumerators Completed Several trainings in each platform
Pre-test questionnaires Completed -
Actual data collection, entry and cleaning (1164 surveys)• Tunisia: 364• Tajikistan: 400• Algeria: 400
completed Three databases available on CD
Workshop methodological training• Tajikistan team (2 trainees – 1 female)• Algerian team (10 trainees – 7 females) Completed Minutes available
12 trainees (8 females)
Preparation of descriptive statistics and reporting Completed Three reports available (one per
country)
Capacity Building Completed Two reports completed
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Achievements – Output 2: Enhanced Crop-Livestock
On-station and on-farm stubble grazing experiments
Country 2013-2014 Achievement %
Algeria 1 farm 20 %
Tunisia 8 farms 60%
Tajikistan N/A N/A
• Biomass uptake by the animal• Variation of the nutritive value of stubbles• Body weight change• Amounts of feces/urine excreted by the animal
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Achievements – Output 2: Enhanced Crop-Livestock
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 700
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20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
f(x) = − 1.37831968296858 x + 84.3266319126332R² = 0.769544234656477
f(x) = − 1.4265457444086 x + 87.0460556593588R² = 0.830450657089206
Biomass Conv AgriLinear (Biomass Conv Agri)
Sampling day
Yie
ld (
%)
About 25 days
50%
Take half and Leave half – Grazing period 25 days
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Achievements – Output 2: Enhanced Crop-Livestock
Grazing strategies will be evaluated with regard to meeting the ewe’s nutritional requirementsCountry 2013-2014 Achievement %
Algeria 2 on station trial 100%
Tunisia 4 on station trials 60%
Tajikistan N/A N/A
• Agronomic package • Soil fertility
Integration and development of integrated crop-livestock under CA
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Achievements – Output 2: Enhanced Crop-Livestock
The effect of nutrient recycling (fecal excretion) on soil fertility will be assessed
Country 2013-2014 Achievement %
Algeria 2 on station trials 30%
Tunisia 1 on station trial 30%
Tajikistan N/A N/A
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Achievements – Output 2: Enhanced Crop-Livestock
Fast growing high biomass and quality fodder species will be tested on-station and on-farm for compatibility with annual crops
Country 2013-2014 Achievement %
Algeria 7 on farm and 1 on station
70%
Tunisia 7 on farm -1 on station trials
70%
Tajikistan 5 on station 4 on farm trial
70%
Vetch, double purpose barley, shrub species (Cactus, Atriplex num., etc.)
Achievements – Output 3: Fine-tuned CA package
Conduct adaptive trials integrating CA technologies (ZT, crop rotations, and stubble management) with weed and nutrient management, and the integration of fodder/grain species in at least 45 on-farm trials (multi-year, 15 initiated in year one and an additional 15 initiated each in years two and three), spread across the three target countries (Tajikistan, Tunisia & Algeria).
Country 2013-2014 Achievement %
Tunisia 4 on-farm trials2 on-station trials
60%
Algeria 12 on-farm trials1 on-station trial
80%
Tajikistan 10 on-farm trials 30%
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Achievements – Output 3: Fine-tuned CA package
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Country CA Package Status Uptake
Algeria Weed control x rotation x Livestock
Planting date 100 %Rotation 30 %Fertilizer management 80%Herbicide 50%Livestock management 40%13 farmers are testing
Not ready
Tunisia Tillage x rotation x Livestock
Planting date 100%Tillage 75%Rotation 20%Fertilizer 80%Herbicide 100%Livestock management 60%50 farmers are testing
Not ready
Tajikistan Tillage x rotation
Planting date 100%Tillage 10%Rotation10%Fertilizer15%Herbicide 10%Livestock 0%12 farmers are testing
Not ready
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Achievements – Output 4: Enhanced Capacity development
• Training courses: 15 courses and 280 trainees• Field days: 8 events targeting 357 farmers• Students: 4 PhDs and 4 undergraduate
students• Media: 2 Movies• Movie on no-till drill broadcasted on National
TV (Tajikistan) • Publications: 6 conference papers and 1
manuscript (in progress)• 3 Flyers and 2 posters
Achievements – Output 4: Enhanced Capacity development
Topic Place No Participants Female OutputsMachinery and ZT technologies Algeria 20 0 1Socio-Economic survey Algeria 23 5 1Data management and data analysis using SPSS Algeria 10 7 1
Socio-Economic survey Tajikistan 25 10 1Socio-Economic Jordan 2 1 1Socio-Economic Algeria 10 7 1New techniques for sustainable sheep and goat production Jordan 16 3 2
Agro-ecological monitoring Jordan 20 5 2Alley Cropping Jordan 20 5 2Feed Assessment Tool - FEAST (Conducted by Jane) Tunisia 21 14 2
FEAST (Conducted by national team) Tunisia 40 0 2Desgning experimental protocols Tunisia 10 0 2Weed management, No-till equipment and forage production Tajikistan 26 2 and 3
Crop production under Conservation Agriculture Tajikistan 17 3 3
Crop rotation Tunisia 20 0 3
Total 280 60
Training courses
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TradeoffsItem Gains LossesKeeping stubble on soil
Soil cover Source of animal feeding
Water UE
Enhance soil bio-physico and chemio caracteristics
Eliminate plowing
Time
energy More use of herbicides
Enhance soil bio-physical and chemical characteristics
Rotations Enhance soil bio-physical and chemical characteristics
Guaranteed market for cereals
Less weeds Less income
Less diseases
Diversity of food/feed staple
Livestock integration
Product diversification More labor
Crop diversification (forge crops) More time
Sub products valorization (bales of straw) Management Risks
Manure resource
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Strengthening partnership
National and International institutions/Projects • CANA PROJECT (ACIAR, ICARDA, INAT, INGC, INRAT, …)• CRP 1.1 Program• INGC (a network of fields under CA, even in the targeted zone of
CLCA)• GIZ and FAO
Linkage with IFAD Development Projects• Tunisia – IFAD funded development project in Siliana (CLCA
involvement to start in the current cropping season)
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Concluding remarks
• This project will be a reference for the integration of crop and livestock under CA context
• In the absence of literature data, on-station trials are needed to determine the optimum conditions (e.g. grazing duration and stocking rates)
• Two cropping seasons are not enough to move from discovery phase of the technologies/practices (on-station trials) to pilot phase (on-farm trials, 30 or more farms)
• Linkage with IFAD or other donors funded projects for the up-scaling phase
• Revise the WP2015 as per the comments of SC members and IFAD representative
Thank you!