Overview of IEEE Voting Standards
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OverviewOverviewofof
IEEE Voting StandardsIEEE Voting Standards
Stephen BergerStephen Berger
Chair, IEEE SCC 38 – Voting StandardsChair, IEEE SCC 38 – Voting Standards
&&Project 1583 – Evaluation of Voting Project 1583 – Evaluation of Voting
EquipmentEquipment
RESNA Accessibility in the Help America Vote Act (HAVA)
Washington, D.C.
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IEEEIEEEInstitute of Electrical and Institute of Electrical and
Electronic EngineersElectronic Engineers Largest Technical SocietyLargest Technical Society
377,000 member377,000 member
150 countries150 countries
44 Societies and Entities44 Societies and Entities
Publishes 30% of all technical literaturePublishes 30% of all technical literature
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IEEEIEEEStandards AssociationStandards Association
Globally recognized standards setting Globally recognized standards setting bodybody
870 Completed Standards870 Completed Standards
400 Standards in Development400 Standards in Development
ANSI & IEC RecognizedANSI & IEC Recognized
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Standards Coordinating Standards Coordinating CommitteesCommittees
Reports directly to the IEEE-SA Reports directly to the IEEE-SA Standards BoardStandards Board
Comprised of standards development Comprised of standards development sponsors from broad disciplines and sponsors from broad disciplines and interestsinterests
Provides structure for liaison with Provides structure for liaison with non-IEEE entitiesnon-IEEE entities
Can have liaison representation to the Can have liaison representation to the IEEE-SA Standards BoardIEEE-SA Standards Board
Activity on Voting Equipment Standard Activity on Voting Equipment Standard is under this umbrella (SCC38)is under this umbrella (SCC38)
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IEEEIEEEStandards Coordinating Standards Coordinating
Committee 38Committee 38Voting System StandardsVoting System Standards
15 cooperating entities15 cooperating entities
2 Current Projects2 Current Projects
P1583 – Voting EquipmentP1583 – Voting Equipment
P1622 – Electronic Data P1622 – Electronic Data InterchangeInterchange
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ParticipationParticipation
• SCC 38 – 28 MembersSCC 38 – 28 Members• P1583 Working Group P1583 Working Group
• 41 – Active members41 – Active members• 124 – Participants124 – Participants• 165 – Total Participation165 – Total Participation• 7 Countries Represented7 Countries Represented
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SCC 38 ParticipantsSCC 38 Participants•IEEE Societies responding to dateIEEE Societies responding to date
•ComputerComputer
•Control SystemsControl Systems
•ReliabilityReliability
•Electromagnetic CompatibilityElectromagnetic Compatibility
•Engineering ManagementEngineering Management
•Social Implications of TechnologySocial Implications of Technology
•Professional Communications Professional Communications
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SCC 38 ParticipationSCC 38 Participation• Non-IEEE Organizations Participating Non-IEEE Organizations Participating
• National Association of Radio and National Association of Radio and Telecommunications Engineers Telecommunications Engineers
• Association of Access Engineering SpecialistsAssociation of Access Engineering Specialists• Human Factors and Ergonomics SocietyHuman Factors and Ergonomics Society• ASTM InternationalASTM International
(formerly American Society for Testing and (formerly American Society for Testing and Materials)Materials)
• Information Systems Security AssociationInformation Systems Security Association• International Committee on Systems EngineeringInternational Committee on Systems Engineering• US Architectural and Transportation Barriers US Architectural and Transportation Barriers
Compliance BoardCompliance Board• Federal Election CommissionFederal Election Commission• National Association of State Election Directors National Association of State Election Directors
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IEEE Project 1583Scope: Develop a standard for the evaluation of election
voting equipment.
Purpose: Develop an evaluation standard for election voting equipment. The standard will provide technical specifications for electronic, mechanical, and human factors that can be used by manufacturers of voting machines or by those purchasing such machines. The tests and criteria developed will assure equipment:
· Confidentiality,
· Security,
· Reliability,
· Accuracy,
· Usability,
· Accessibility.
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Task GroupsTask Groups• System ArchitectureSystem Architecture• Security/ConfidentialitySecurity/Confidentiality• Accessibility/Usability Accessibility/Usability • ReliabilityReliability• Electromagnetic CompatibilityElectromagnetic Compatibility
Additional Task Groups to be Additional Task Groups to be Formed as NeededFormed as Needed
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Balloting / ScheduleBalloting / Schedule
• Schedule to ballot remaining Schedule to ballot remaining sectionssections• November 2002 – June 2003November 2002 – June 2003
• SCC 38 BallotSCC 38 Ballot• June 2003June 2003
• Submission to Standards BoardSubmission to Standards Board• July 2003July 2003
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ScheduleSchedule
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IEEE Project 1622Standard for Voting Equipment Data
Interchange Scope: This project will develop electronic data
interchange formats to be used by components of the voting system for exchange of electronic data.
Purpose: The "Voting System" is composed of a number of components, the voter registration system, the candidate filing process, the petition system, ballot definition, voting, tabulations and reporting systems. This standard will develop standard data interchange formats to allow the exchange and interoperability of these various systems.
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Imperative Principles of the Imperative Principles of the Standards ProcessStandards Process
Developing standards is a:Developing standards is a:
quasi-legalquasi-legal
VoluntaryVoluntary
Consensus processConsensus process
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Imperative Principles of the Imperative Principles of the Standards ProcessStandards Process
Due ProcessDue Process OpennessOpenness ConsensusConsensus BalanceBalance Right of AppealRight of Appeal
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Due ProcessDue Process
Operational DefinitionOperational Definition
Develop operating proceduresDevelop operating procedures Publish and make procedures availablePublish and make procedures available Follow proceduresFollow procedures
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Due ProcessDue Process
The IEEE is an ANSI The IEEE is an ANSI Accredited Standards Accredited Standards
Development OrganizationDevelopment Organization
ANSI approves operating proceduresANSI approves operating procedures ANSI reviews and provides for public ANSI reviews and provides for public
comment of IEEE standardscomment of IEEE standards ANSI audits IEEE processANSI audits IEEE process
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Due Process Due Process cont.cont.
Hierarchy of DocumentsHierarchy of Documents Not-for-Profit Corporation Law of the State of Not-for-Profit Corporation Law of the State of
New YorkNew York IEEE ConstitutionIEEE Constitution IEEE Bylaws (includes IEEE Standards IEEE Bylaws (includes IEEE Standards
Association Bylaws)Association Bylaws) IEEE Policies and ProceduresIEEE Policies and Procedures IEEE Board of Directors ResolutionsIEEE Board of Directors Resolutions IEEE Standards Association Operations ManualIEEE Standards Association Operations Manual
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Due Process Due Process cont.cont.
Hierarchy of Documents (cont.)Hierarchy of Documents (cont.) IEEE-SA Standards Board BylawsIEEE-SA Standards Board Bylaws IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations ManualIEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual IEEE Standards Style ManualIEEE Standards Style Manual IEEE Standards CompanionIEEE Standards Companion IEEE Sponsor Operating ProceduresIEEE Sponsor Operating Procedures Robert's Rules of OrderRobert's Rules of Order
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OpennessOpenness Everyone has access to the processEveryone has access to the process Make information and actions publicly available Make information and actions publicly available
for examinationfor examination Include all materially interested and affected Include all materially interested and affected
partiesparties Avoid antitrust situations/appearance of Avoid antitrust situations/appearance of
collusioncollusion Opportunity to participate does not necessarily Opportunity to participate does not necessarily
mean membership or a votemean membership or a vote
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ConsensusConsensus
Agreement among the majorityAgreement among the majority
Not unanimityNot unanimity
Defined in the IEEE balloting rules as at least 75% Defined in the IEEE balloting rules as at least 75%
of the ballots must be returned and of those at of the ballots must be returned and of those at
least 75% must approve to become a standardleast 75% must approve to become a standard
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Consensus Consensus cont’dcont’d
The ChallengeThe Challenge Approve and publish Approve and publish
expeditiouslyexpeditiously Obligation to majority Obligation to majority
versusversus
Obligation to the minorityObligation to the minority Attempt to resolve commentsAttempt to resolve comments
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BalanceBalance Representation from all materially Representation from all materially
interested and affected partiesinterested and affected parties Lack of dominance by any one categoryLack of dominance by any one category Common categories: Common categories: Producer, user, and general interestProducer, user, and general interest Ideal to maintain balance throughout Ideal to maintain balance throughout
developmentdevelopment Encourage participation (corresponding Encourage participation (corresponding
member)member) Mandatory for ballotingMandatory for balloting
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Right of AppealRight of Appeal The right to take steps to have a case heardThe right to take steps to have a case heard
Follow policies and proceduresFollow policies and procedures
Bases of appeal can be:Bases of appeal can be:
Technical (within sponsor)Technical (within sponsor) ProceduralProcedural
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For more informationFor more information Training—Module Series for Training—Module Series for
standards committeesstandards committees http://standards.ieee.org/faqs/ltpres.htmlhttp://standards.ieee.org/faqs/ltpres.html
SCC 38SCC 38http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc38http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc38
P1583P1583http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc38/1583http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc38/1583
Contact: Stephen Berger at Contact: Stephen Berger at [email protected]@ieee.org
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