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Overview 5 minutes Scale Exercise 5 minutes 10 minutes Jurisdiction Exercise 5 minutes Sectors Exercise 10 minutes 15 minutes Policy Exercise 5 minutes 10 minutes Harmonization Exercise 15 minutes 10 minutes Summary 5 minutes

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NameAffiliationNameAffiliation David Saah; Co-LeadUniversity of San Francisco, SIGPhan Xuan ThieuVinh University, Vietnam Mohd Zaki Hamzah; Co-LeadUniversity Putra MalaysiaChalita SriladdaUSAID-LEAD Khamla Phanvilay, Co-LeadNational University of LaosHoang Thi Thu DuyenVietnam Forestry University, Vietnam Cao Thuy AnhDalat University, VietnamLadawan PuangchitKasetsart University, Thailand Chalermpol SamranpongChiang Mai University, ThailandDo Anh TuanVietnam Forestry University, Vietnam Pham Thanh NamUSAID LEAF VietnamLyna KhanRoyal University of Phnom Penh, Cambodia Peter StephenUSAID LEAF BangkokLe Ba ThuongVietnam Forestry University, Vietnam Hoang Vinh PhuVinh University, VietnamNapat JakwattanaUniversity of Phayao, Thailand Vipak JintanaKasetsart University, ThailandNur Anishah Binti AzizUniversity Kebangsaan Malaysia Kulala MulungPNG University of TechnologyRatcha ChaichanaKasetsart University, Thailand Somvilay ChanthalounnavongNational University of LaosSureerat LakanavichianChiang Mai University, Thailand Thavrak HuonRoyal University of Agriculture, CambodiaVongphet SihapanyaNational University of Laos Athsaphangthong MunelithUSAID LEAF LaosDavid GanzUSAID LEAF Bangkok Attachai JintrawetChiang Mai University, ThailandChi Pham, Project CoordinatorUSAID LEAF Bangkok Chanin ChiumkanokchaiUSAID LEAF BangkokKent ElliottUS Forest Service Lam Ngoc TuanDalat University, VietnamBeth LebowUS Forest Service Mark FennUSAID Vietnam Forests & DeltasGeoffrey BlateUS Forest Service

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Low Emission Land Use Planning (LELUP) Section 1. Enabling Environment 1.1. Regulatory Assessments Regional Climate Change Curriculum Development

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ENABLING ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT CONDITION ANALYSIS OF FUTURE OPTIONS NEGOTIATING & PRIORITIZING IMPLEMENTA- TION PLAN MONITORING & EVALUATION Low Emission Land Use Planning 1.1 Regulatory Assessments 1.2 Stakeholder Engagement 1.3 Planning & Development Goals & Objectives 2.1 Environment, Social, & Economic Data Needs 2.2 Understanding Historic Land Use Change 2.3 Data & Capacity Gap Assessment 3.1 Modeling Future Trends 3.2 Business as Usual Baseline Construction 3.3 Scenario Assessment 4.3 Implementation Needs 4.2 Priorities & Sequence Implementation Activities 4.1 Negotiate Agreement on Options 5.1 Establish M&E Framework 5.2 Monitor & Measure Progress 5.3 Evaluate, Report & Adapt

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At the end of this session, learners will be able to: Explain the importance of the regulatory framework (jurisdictional and sector) that will guide the LELUP. Identify limitations and boundaries within which the LELUP must be developed.

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Rules of the Game Time/Space Agent of Change Goal / Objective NOW Past Trend / Current Condition BAU Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 + / - M&E

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NOYES Examine the jurisdictions, sectors, policies and scales that will define the Enabling Environment for the planning process, planning decisions and ultimately the land use agreement.

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Land tenure is usually a bundle of rights: Statutory or de jure rights De facto rights

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Legal Pluralism is when two or more systems co-exist or interact. Tenure Security is the certainty of a persons or institutions rights to land that are recognized by others. What is the implication for climate change on tenure regimes and tenure security?

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Key message?

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After: Giller et al, 2008

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MACRO LEVEL: Policy/National/ International MESO LEVEL: Implementation at national and sub- national/sub-basin scales MESO/MICRO LEVEL: Operational Type of basin organization Transboundary (e.g.) commission National, inter-state basin (e.g. commission, authority, association) Local (e.g. land and water management group) Basin management strategies and plans Transboundary basin management agreement or plan; transboundary compact; national basin management plan Sub-basin management plan or strategy, large sub-watershed or sub-aquifer or lake management plan Local land and water management plan, storm water management plan, local planning scheme (administered by local government) Level of decision- making Highest political decision- making level, transboundary agreements Province, state, district, territory (or national in small states) Village co-operative, farm, factory, forest, local government, water use district Natural resource system Part of a geographical zone, such as a river, lake or aquifer basin Regional or local ecological system of a lake, river valley within a basin, or sub-aquifer within a aquifer province Areas with relatively uniform ecological and hydrological conditions

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Political and regulatory frameworks that will influence the plan Governance Land Tenure

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Province FOREST Watershed FARM PARK FARM City Province

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Use Google Earth for students to identify jurisdictional overlaps

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Lands administered by a variety of different sectors Forestry Mining Social/Economic Transportation Energy Etc Need defintion of SECTOR

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This may be conflicting at times when multiple sectors claim rights to certain resources that are not compatible Forest Concession

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Provide a local example of conflict between sectors within a defined scale and jurisdiction?

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Box 1: Selected Asian National Commitments and Low Emission Development Strategies Cambodias National Green Growth Roadmap (2009) provides no emission reduction target but commits to low-carbon green growth. Chinas in associating with the Copenhagen Accord committed to a 40 to 45 per cent emission reduction per unit of GDP by 2020. Chinas 12 th Five-Year-Plan, adopted in 2011, set an interim emission reduction target by 17% by 2015. Indias National Action Plan on Climate Change commits to reducing emissions per unit of GDP by 20 to 25% by 2020. Indonesias National Action Plan for Greenhouse Gas Emission Reductions (RAN-GRK) commits to a 26 to 41% emission reduction by 2020. Lao PDRs National Strategy on Climate Change (2010) provides no emission reduction target, but commits to low-carbon economic growth. Malaysias has committed to a 40% reduction in emissions by 2020 and is preparing a roadmap to achieve this target. A National Policy on Climate Change was released in 2009. Papua New Guineas Preliminary Climate Compatible Development Plan (2009) commits to a 50% emission reductions by 2030 and carbon neutral by 2050 Philippiness has committed to 80% reduction in emissions by 2050 and has passed the Philippine Climate Change Act and released the National Framework on Climate Change (2010-2022) and the National Climate Change Action Plan (2011-2028) Vietnams National Green Growth Strategy commits to a 8 to 10% reduction in emissions by 2020. (Sources: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 2011,FCCC/AWGLCA/2011/INF.1 and Centre for Climate and Energy Solutions, Country Emission Targets)FCCC/AWGLCA/2011/INF.1Country Emission Targets

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Vietnam GHG Target: 8 to 10% reduction in emissions by 2020 Vietnam Sector Target: 20% Reduction in Ag&Rural Development Provencial Target: Maintain 61% Forest Cover by 2015 Commune: 17,300 ha production forest

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What are your national current policies that restrict or set a limit on GHG emissions? How will these policies impact on local (Provincial and/or district) low emission land use planning efforts?

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Goals or quotas established at a higher level of policy or strategic planning Constraints that have been set at a lower level of tactical planning Provincial Planning Level National Policy Existing District Plans

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Goals or quotas established at the same level but across different sectors Provincial Land Use Planning Provincial Socio- Economic Development Plan Provincial Transportation Master Plan

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Provincial SEDP: increase annual GDP from 12-15% National Vietnam Policy: maintain 60% forest cover Provincial SEDP: reduce population growth to 1.3% Bao Lam SFC: actively manage 17,300 ha production forest Local Communities: PFES contracting to protect specific forest areas Lam Dong Province Land Use Plan

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Siloed information and data Limited knowledge on climate change mitigation options

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Stuff is happening: A growing number of national policies and emission reduction targets have been set that can incentivize sub- national low emission planning efforts and be used to facilitate cooperation between sectors and jurisdictions.

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Understanding the jurisdictions and sectors we work with is essential. The connections and links between jurisdictions and sectors will be influenced by scale and policies Understanding the connections between these four factors is essential in understanding the Enabling Environment

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MRC (2011) Manual for Training Trainers in Integrated Water Resources Management in the Mekong Basin UNDP (2012) Multi-stakeholder Decision-Making - A Guidebook for Establishing MSP ot Support Green Low-Emission and Climate-Resilient Development Strategies Throughout South East Asia there are successful examples of low emission land use planning at a variety of scales: At the local/community level, the Lao PDR National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute have produced the excellent document: Handbook on Participatory Land Use Planning. Methods and tools developed and tested in Viengkham District, Luang Prabang ProvinceHandbook on Participatory Land Use Planning. Methods and tools developed and tested in Viengkham District, Luang Prabang Province At the sub-national level, the World Agroforestry Centre have produced some excellent guidance and support in: Indonesia (please see the: LUWES: Land use planning for Low Emission Development Strategy)LUWES: Land use planning for Low Emission Development Strategy Vietnam (please see the document: An Assessment of Opportunities for Reducing Emissions From All Land Uses. Vietnam Preparing for REDD Final National Report.An Assessment of Opportunities for Reducing Emissions From All Land Uses. Vietnam Preparing for REDD Final National Report. At the national level: Various national governments (including Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines and Vietnam) have all produced Green Growth strategies or Low Emission Development Plans.