Outsource Magazine 5+6 2011

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}èi` it `gt`gu`}h `g u`}h aoq z``n dkv`q`gqi`t z`}eq'“

Aoq `q igitq`}i` aiq piqeogetvpgq t`}i`pt g``q. mnibhq u`n

piq `q m`tnpiq zog `q dkvn`q` ogoe``gqqò zog KDU

k a` ``}a`} e`gkà` n``}eoge }èi` q` eoog zkne`g'



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a}ibz`g eoj oog i`}kz`} q`z}à`g q`ribg' K a` hnkkj qptt`g z`}uodqige

`g n`z`}ige q` aidq`g. k`q `} ig a`

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ooq}è`n`g kz`} iggkzoqi` `g zooh

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qi` qptt`g mìa` vo}qib`g' Kgaoght a`

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oqi`t hk`g kge`gkè`gt gi`q oog `q



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c`q dkgqodq uo}l q` ckpa`g. hog ig,gkzoqi` ``g kga`}a``n uk}a`g zogc`q aoe`nibht` u`}h'

TN`DcQT =: V]KD`gQIT Q`Z]À`g KZ`]IggKZOQI`DOVODIQÌQ`gN`Z`]OgDI`]



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gpn mèigg`g `g ni`v`g aoo}k qè`g

v}kmn``g oog mib `q k}eogit`}`g zog

aògavnoggige. `z`gont a` q`d,

gitd` t`q,pv zog `q TV,tytq``'

y`Kg `nvq kgt gp `q `q a`giè}`gzog tqoqitqitd` ka`nn`g zog tv`di,

`h` o}hq`g' Uogg``} kgr` jk}`dotq

`q gizòp m`}ìhq zog uoq y`Kg kgt

oogn`z`}q. kv`g uib a`r` `sv`}qit`

kz`} q` `z`n`g goo} kgr` ìe`g k}eo,

gitoqi`'“

Uoq z`}uodq`g bpnni` zog aiq vo}qg`},

tdov `q y`Kg;

Zog A`tt`n2 „Kgr` ``}tq` vinkq it e`,

aoog ig Gà`}noga. gp it M`neiè oog

a` m`p}q `g tq}oht }knn`g u` `q kkh

ig Apiqtnoga piq' nh` h``} zonq `} ``gtqphb` zog a` vprr`n kv ribg vn`h. rkaoq

u` tq}oht kgr` jk}`dotqige kgaioon

hpgg`g e`m}pih`g' c`q ekà` gi`put

it aoq u` on `}e q`z}à`g ribg kz`} `q

gizòp zog kgr` jk}`dotqige ig Gà`},

noga. uoo} aògavnoggige gp on nìaq

qkq `g m`q`}` v}kapdqi`k}eogitoqi` g

uoq kgt ``n uoq e`nkkj g kkv ig `q

tpdd`t zog `q e``n` v}kd`t e``jq'“

Aiq it a` ``}tq` h``} aoq y`Kg ``g

dkvn`q` jk}`dotq kz`}g``q' Tvog,

g`ga;

Dn``}`g #@y`Kg)2 „Z``n mà}ibz`g kpq,

tkp}d`g Q. m`zìnieige. a` hogqig` `g

eo rk oo} akk}' Aiq it gi`pu. oo}

i`} nieq u`n kgr` `sv`}qit`' Mib kgt

u`}h`g `gt`g `q ``g `dkgk`,

q}itd` odq`}e}kga. z``n mà}ibz`g

`mm`g ai` tv`dionitoqi` gi`q ig pit'

U` m`tv}`h`g `q gp kkh `q oga`}`

hnogq`g. apt `} it gke uoq ittikgo,

}itu`}h q` ak`g k a` mùptquk}aigeig a` o}hq q` z`}ke`g'“

Uoq hpgg`g bpnni` zkk} Pgig` m`q`,

h`g`g;

Dn``}`g2 „Kz`}onn riq kgr` jk}`dotq

oddp}ody mib Pgig` Gà`}noga gp kv

:0 v}kd`gq' Kv ,iq`t it aoq r`njt 5=

v}kd`gq' ci`}akk} k`jq Pgig` ig,

a`} zkk}}ooa oog q` kpa`g. ``jq

`q iga`} u`}hhoviqoon gkaie `g it

ighkkv z``n m`q`} kv z`}hkkv oje`,

tqà'“

„Aògavnoggige nìaq

qkq m`q`} t`}zid` n`z`n“

pgiJig` m`tQ`ÀQ tQoQitQitDc` JK}`DotQ piQ oog `y`Kg

Ont ``}tq` mà}ibj ig Gà`}noga it gig` Jkka * Moh` Ige}ài`gqt e`tqo}q l`q c`q kpqtkp}d`g zog

a` tqoqitqitdc` jk}`dotq' T`}e` zog A`tt`n #11). Igq`}goqikgon Vnoggige Logoe`} mib gig` `g Kggk

Dn``}`g #40). Mptig`tt Dkgtpnqogq mib n`z`}ogdi`} @y`Kg ig e`tv}`h' „@} it gke uoq littikgo}it,

u`}h q` ak`g'“

zog gr` }òdqi` jqe}o`2 y`kg

kgg n``}`gJpgdqi`2 Mptig`tt Dkgtpnqogq``jqiba2 40@y`Kg }idcq ridc kv c`q z`}m`q`,}`g zog jk}`dotqige. vnoggige,`g dkgq}knv`}jk}logd` zoghnogq`g'

T`}e` zog a`tt`nJpgdqi`2 Igq`}goqikgon VnoggigeLogoe`}

``jqiba2 11gig` Jkka * Moh` Ige}ài`gqtkgquihh`nq. v}kapd``}q `g n`z`}qzkàigetliaa`n`gige}àiègq`gzkk} a` olmodcq`nibh` mogh`qmoh,h`}ib. jkka t`}zid`. ibtm`}ìaige ga` zkàigetliaa`n`gigaptq}i`'



41 k k

zoh ~ KjjtcK}ige

Lo}bo }Kro. v}KLKz`gAo }KQQ`}AoL tDcKKn KJ Logoe`L`gQ

„Kjjtck}ige it

``} aog ``gogoe``gqqkkn“

Hktq`g m`tvo}`g ég gi`pu` lo}hq`g oogmk}`g' Rku`n e}kq` ont hnìg` mà}ibz`g mnibh`g ig tqooq q`

v}kq`}`g zog kjjtck}ige' A` e}kkqq` zog c`q mà}ibj `g c`q lpnqiail`gtikgon` ho}ohq`} zog kjj,

tck}ige ribg `dcq`} zog kga`}tdcoq m`noge. rk qkkgq v}klkz`gapt Lo}bo ]kro oog ig coo} aitt`}qo,

qi` Qc` }`noqikgtciv m`qu``g kjjtck}ige tq}oqèi`t oga }l v`}jklogd` '

zog gr` }òdqi`



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 40

KjjtcK}ige ~ zoh

Lo}bo kro kgqa`hq qiba`gt

oo} akd`gqtdov oog

a` kqq`}ao Tdkkn kj

logoe``gq aoq z``n

mà}ibz`g a` igq`}goqi,

kgon` o}hq uinn`g kgqa`hh`g. oo}

aoq `q ogoe``gq qè`g aiz`}t`

tq}pih`nmnkhh`g oog nkkvq' nt r` m`,

goa`}a uk}aq zkk} ``g v}kkqi`kg,

a`}rk`h. ri`q r` aoq ont a` piqe`n`r`g

hogt k `q z}ooetqph }kgak kjj,

tk}ige goa`} q` kga`}rk`h`g' kro2

„h akd``}a` kga`} oga`}` `q zoh

Mptig`ttvnog `g kk}a` z``n gèo,

qi`z` e`npia`g }kgak kjjtk}ige' R`nj

uot ih zog `gige aoq kjjtk}ige `dq

i`qt hog qk`zkè`g. iqt `q ogoe`,

`gq `q ekà oogvohq `g `q mà}ibj

kz`} a` ekà` zoo}aieà`g m`tdihq'

g ibg v}k`jtd}ijq `m ih kga`}rkdq

uoq a` igznkà zog kjjtk}ige kv `q

mà}ibjt}`tpnqooq it `g oog u`nh` ì,

e`gtdovv`g ``g kga`}gìge k`qzknak`g k kjjtk}ige tpdd`tzkn q`

noq`g ribg'“

mGE]BhTQ lkQZGkro ``jq ig to`gu`}hige `q `q

Kjjtk}ige `tò}d G`quk}h. mpti,

g`ttvo}qg`}t zog a` A`nkiqq` –Jotq06’.

`q DMT `g p}ktqoq aoqo z`}ro`na

`g kga`}rkdq uoq a` kqi`z`g ribg

zog mà}ibz`g k q` kjjtk}`g' „`g

m`h`ga` kqizoqi` it goqpp}nibh hkt,

q`gm`tvo}ige' h `m aiz`}t` mà}ib,

z`g m`rkdq k igridq q` h}ibe`g igpg tq}oqèi`èg. q` ri`g uoq `g a}ibjq'

h kgqa`hq` aoq z``n mà}ibz`g kkh }`,

tkp}d`t rk`h`g g zkk} kjjtk}ige hi`,

r`g k gi`pu` o}hq`g q` kgqa`hh`g'

Aoq it gi`pu'“ Aiq pnqiai`gtikgon`

ho}ohq`} it zkne`gt a` kga`}rk`htq`}

`q mùibt aoq kjjtk}ige ``} it aog

onn``g ``g ogoe``gqqkkn' „c`q it

`dq `g tq}oqèi` uoo}`` b` a` dkg,

dp}}`gqi`vktiqi` `g e}kì zog mà}ib,

z`g hpgq m`zk}a`}`g'“

ma]BjT]TpQQGckù`n kjjtk}ige zkne`gt kro ``g

pnqiai`gtikgon` tq}oqèi` it. mnibhq

aoq `q go` a` iaa`ne}kq` mà}ib,

z`g ``}a`}` otv`dq`g zog kjjtk}ige

kkh aooau`}h`nibh m`gpqq`g' Rk u`q`g

rib qkèoge q` z`}h}ibe`g qkq gi`pu`

o}hq`g. o}mìath}odq`g `g gi`pu`

q`dgknkei`èg' Kz`}ie`gt kjjtk}`g

a`r` mà}ibz`g }`noqi`j z``n goo} go,

mibe`nè`g noga`g'

}kq` mà}ibz`g vott`g kjjtk}ige kkh

qk` ont }`tkp}d`tq}oqèi`. oo} a`

hktq`g ribg zkk} `g `q m`noge}ibhtq'

Hnìg`}` kga`}gìge`g u`q`g hkt,

q`gzkk}a`n`g q` }ònit`}`g akk} `g,

eig``}ige, `g *A,jpgdqi`t goo} `q

mpiq`gnoga q` z`}vnooqt`g'

kro2 „Aoq it kkh ``g q}`ga ai` akk},

r`q' Zkk}``g roe b` zkk}on aoq a`

v}kapdqi` zog ekà`}`g e`kjjtk}à

u`}a' Gp m`tnpiq`g tq`àt ``} kg,

a`}gìge`g gootq a` oga`go}mìakkh `q `gqon` u`}h goo} `q mpiq`g,

noga q` z`}vnooqt`g' ckkeuoo}aie`

ai`gtq`g. *A. ton`t2 onn`t it ke`,

nibh'“

GGkZQ G mTk]QA` dot`t qkg`g oog aoq kjjtk}ige

vktiqi`z` mà}ibjt}`tpnqoq`g hog kvn`,

z`}`g' Qè`nibh`}qiba oohq `q kga`},

rk`h apia`nibh aoq `q mà}ibj i`}zkk}

u`n kz`} m`voona` zoo}aieà`g k`q

m`tdihh`g' kro2 „Z`}kà`nibh tv`,

n`g qi`gqonn`g jodqk}`g ``g }kn mib `q

`jj`dq zog kjjtk}ige' h roe ig ià`}

e`zon aoq mà}ibz`g ai` iggkz`}`g. zo,

h`} g m`q`} ig tqooq mn`h`g tpdd`tzkn

q` kjjtk}`g' Aoo}gootq tv``nq `q om,

tk}vqi`z`}ke`g ``g m`noge}ibh` }kn'

A` mà}ibz`g qkq di}do apir`ga à`,

u`}h`}t mn`h`g zooh ig `q m`riq zog

`q gkaie` oogvottigetz`}ke`g' B`

k`q kz`} dovodiqìq`g m`tdihh`g

k gi`pu` igjk}oqi` q` kgqa`hh`g'

Tgovv`g k` `q ig `q q` z`tqie`g

noga u`}hq' ck` b` `q `nhoo} dk,

pgid``}q' Uoq ig Gà`}noga ekà

u`}hq. hog ig riè b` kga`}eoge m`,

q`h`g`g' Aoq k`q b` oogzk`n`g' Zkk}kjjtk}ige `m b` apt `dq zk`ntv}i`,

q`g gkaie'“

jkpTTG k ééG TQKjjtk}ige z}ooeq h`pr`t q`g oogri`g

zog a` ìe`gakttq}pdqpp}. nkdoqi`

`g a` odqiziqìq ai` uk}aq z`}vnooqtq'

Hkq `} ``g gi`pu` qoh kj uk}aq `q

``g to`gu`}hige `q ``g }`àt m`,

tqooga mà}ibj; t `q z`}tqogaie k q`

mèigg`g `q gò}tk}`g kj qkd ai,

}`dq jo}tk}`g; g u`nh` odqiziqìq`g

k`q`g z`}vnooqtq uk}a`g; nn``g a`h`}godqiziqìq`g kj kkh a` g`z`godqizi,

qìq`g;

Piq `q kga`}rk`h zog kro mnibhq aoq

`q tv}ìa`g zog hogt`g r`na`g ``g

vktiqi`j `jj`dq ``jq kv a` dkgdp}}`g,

qi`vktiqi` kj a` e}kì' Rk ``jq `q kjj,

tk}`g zog rku`n h`}godqiziqìq`g ont

g`z`godqiziqìq`g akk} mà}ibz`g `q

``} aog kga`}a u`}hg``}t e``g

`jj`dq kv a` dkgdp}}`gqi`vktiqi`' g

tkie` e`zonn`g ``jq `q r`njt ``g

kt}ige `gqt}digeA` mè}ivv`g kjjtck}ige `g kpq,tkp}dige uk}a`g zkne`gt ]kro igz``n zohmnoa`g `g qibatdc}ijq`g

akk} `nhoo} e`m}pihq' U`q`g,tdcovv`}t z`}tqoog kga`} kjj,tck}ige c`q z`}vnooqt`g zog ``gm`tqooga` odqiziqìq goo} c`q mpi,q`gnoga' Aoq hog akk} liaa`n zogkpqtkp}dige kj dovqiz` kjjtck}ige'Kjjtck}ige z`}uibtq kz`}ie`gt gi`qv`} t` goo} kz`}r``t` e`mià`g2ig a` niq`}oqpp} loh`g kga`}rk`,h`}t ``g kga`}tdcìa qptt`g jo},`g gò}tck}ige'



4: k k

zoh ~ KjjtcK}ige

gèoqi`j jj`dq. mibzkk}m``na ig dkmi,

goqi` `q iggkzoqi`zoo}aieà`g' c`q

kjjtk}`g zog mìa` qyv` odqiziqìq`g

it u`nnidq gke q` dkvn`s `g mà}ib,

z`g `mm`g `q ittdi`g gi`q gkaie

zkk} pg dkgdp}}`gqi`zkk}a``n' c`q

dkgdp}}`gqi`zkk}a``n kgqtqooq zkk},

ontgke zkk}on akk} hktq`gzkk}a`n`g'

c`q dkmig`}`g zog dovqiz`, `g kpq,

tkp}d`kjjtk}ige `q iggkzoqi`zoo},

aieà`g ``jq u`n vktiqi`j `jj`dq kv

a` dkgdp}}`gqi`vktiqi`. u`nnidq akk}

}itidktv}ìaige ai` kgqtqooq'

j] kj G];ckù`n `} `q oje`nkv`g a`d`ggip

``g z`}tdpizige q` ri`g uot zog

gò}tk}ige goo} jo}tk}ige. mnibhq

`q `jj`dq i`}zog kv a` mà}ibjt}`tpn,

qoq`g gi`q ``gapiaie q` ribg' kro2 „ck`

u`gt`nibh jo}, kj gò}tk}ige it. ogeq

oj zog `q tv`di`h` mà}ibj' Jpgdqi`

`g ìe`gakttq}pdqpp} tv`n`g ig i`,a`} e`zon e``g }kn' g `q one```g

e`naq aoq `g rid k`q ojz}oe`g kj

Gà`}nogat` v}kapdqi`àù`}h`}t

zknak`ga` uoo}a` d}`è}`g zkk} ``g

m`voona mà}ibj' nt aoq gi`q `q e`,

zon it. hi`r`g mà}ibz`g tq`àt zoh`}

zkk} ``g dkmigoqi` zog oga`g `g

}kmkqt ig ìe`g noga kj ig ``g noga ig

p}kvo kj oh`g ``g dkmigoqi` `q

kjjtk}ige' Zog ``q oj oog hi`r`g

zkk} ``g is zog jo}, `g gò}tk}ige

u`}vq ig ià`} e`zon e``g z}pdq`g oj'

c`q it z`}tqogaie`} k ``}tq éég mpi,

q`gnogat` qoh ekà kv a` }oint q` `m,

m`g' Mib mà}ibz`g ai` mèigg`g `q

gò}tk}`g. it a` hogt e}kq`} aoq r`

noq`} eoog jo}tk}`g' Qè`nibh`}qiba it

`q ke`h``}a` kkh `q e`zon2 mà}ib,

z`g ai` jo}tk}`g. eoog noq`} kkh zooh

gò}tk}`g. mibzkk}m``na akk}aoq r`

nkeitqi`h` kj dpnqp}`n` v}kmn``g q`,

e`ghk`g'“

hG ma]BZG Tk]G Ekack` tpdd`tzkn kjjtk}ige hog ribg `g

u`nh` tq}oqèi`èg `q m`tq` ribg. ogeq

apt ig e}kq` oq` oj zog a` e}kkqq` zog

`q mà}ibj' Kvzonn`ga it aoq hnìg`}`

mà}ibz`g kkh ig tqooq mn`h`g k kjj,

tk}ige uigtqe`z`ga q` oh`g' kro2

„Kgaoght a` zooh e`gkà` odq`},

tqoga kv gogdi``n `g q`dgknkeitd

e`mià mn`h`g a` hnìg`}` mà}ibz`g

v}io ig tqooq k iaa`nt ``g z`t,

qieige ig `q mpiq`gnoga a` hktq`g q`

}àpd`}`g' } u`}a zoh`} ``g h`prèòohq zkk} jo}tk}`g aog zkk}

gò}tk}`g' Tq`}h`} gke2 hnìg` m`,

a}ibz`g hi`r`g kge`z``} g`q rk zooh

zkk} ``g z`}}` nkdoqi` ont e}kq` m`,

a}ibz`g. r`h`} ont a` aieiqon` tg`nuè

jodiniq`}`ga it'“

A` ``tq` tpdd`tzknn` dot`t uo}`g

zog mà}ibz`g ai` on ekà` moga`g

oaa`g `q a` qk`n`z`}ogdi`}t' „R`

`mm`g `dq e`ëgz`tq``}a ig a` to,

`gu`}hige' g aoq k`q kkh u`n'

B` k`q i`}t ``g e}k`v `gt`g

mib `nhoo} u`q`g q` m}`ge`g ai` bkpuv}kapdq kj ai`gtq hpgg`g `g uinn`g

v}kapd`}`g' Aoo} oe b` m`tq uoq qiba

ig tq`h`g'“

–ZG kjjTck]G’Zkne`gt kro kga`}tdoqq`g z``n m`,

a}ibz`g a` qiba `g `g`}ei` ai` `q kjj,

tk}`g e`kìa eoog `g ôz`}tdoq,

q`g r` a` uoo}a` zog `q kjjtk}`g'

„} ribg mà}ibz`g ai` `z`g tg`n ``g

zkk}a``nqb` ig `q mpiq`gnoga uinn`g

on`g' Ai` hk`g zog ``g hkpa` h`},

it qpit' B` k`q `dq igz`tq`}`g ig

a` }`noqi`t `g goqpp}nibh kkh ``g m`,

a}ibjtka`n d'' v}kapdq `mm`g aoq

mooq ``jq mib kjjtk}ige' Qè`nibh`}qibakv`g z``n ogoe`}t `q kjjtk}ige

``g v}kmn`` kv q` nktt`g' loo} `q

kjjtk}ige mòon b` akk}eoogt vot

}`tpnqooq kv a` noge`}` q`}ibg' lo,

goe`}t k`q`g kjjtk}ige `dq ri`g

ont tq}oqèi`. ont kga`}a``n zog a`

mà}ibjtzk`}ige'“

GEGl Z]]TQkro it apia`nibh ooge`goo z`}}otq

kz`} a` piqhktq`g zog oo} kga`},

rk`h' A` ``tq` ia``èg g yvkq`t`t

roe r` ig oo} v}k`jtd}ijq m`z`tqiea'„Aoo}kz`} m`g ih piq`}oo}a r``} ige`,

gk`g' Aoq m`q`h`gq aoq `q ke`nibh

it k tpdd`tzkn q` kjjtk}`g' Qk`g ih

`q `q kga`}rk`h mèkg. hnkgh`g `}

z``n gèoqi`z` e`npia`g' Gp ri`g u`

aoq u` u`n aè`nibh i`qt hpgg`g ak`g

uoq ekà it' U`nnidq it a` zkne`ga`

tqov `q ivn``gq`}`g zog app},

rooìa' loo} kga`}rk`h ron ``}tq

k`q`g piquibr`g kj kjjtk}ige u`n }`,

d`tti`v}kkj it'“

„ZKK] KJJTcK]Ige c`M b` ZK`NTV]I`Q`g gKAIe“

m`noge}ibtqìqtq`g zog`q g`}r`2• L``tq zkk}hkl`ga` tq}oqèi`èg

zkk} kjjtck}ige ribg hktq`g}`,apdqi` #dktqt). u`}z`g zog v`},tkg``n `g qkèoge z`}h}ibe`gqkq q`dcgknkei`èg #}`tkp}d`t)`g oogmk}`g zog gi`pu` lo}h,q`g #`gq}`v}`g`p}ion)

• Hnìg` mà}ibz`g jo}tck}`g zog,uè` dktqt `g `gq}`v}`g`p}iontq}oqèi`èg

• Liaa`ne}kq` mà}ibz`g gò}tck,}`g zooh `g m`gpqq`g onn` a}ià` tq}oqèi`èg

• E}kq` kga`}g`lige`g jo}tck,}`g zoguè` dktqt `g `gq}`v}`,g`p}ion tq}oqèi`èg

• Mà}ibjtklzoge c``jq e``g ig,znkà kv a` uibr` zog kjjtck}ige#kpqtkp}dige kj dovqiz`)



43 k k

zoh ~ dovqiz`d`gq`}t

E`nkhq akk} `q nooeoge`ga` j}piq zog a` hkt,

q`gm`tvo}ige. m`tnpiq`g tq`àt ``} mà}ibz`g

``g dovqiz`d`gq`} kv q` r`qq`g kv `g gò}tk}`

kj kjjtk}` nkdoqi`' c`q j}piq mnibhq ig a` v}ohqibh

`dq`} zooh ``g auoonnidq. aoq a` mà}ibz`g

mniga oohq zkk} a` ivnidoqi`t zog pg m`tnittige `g ``g

u`nkz`}uke`g tq}oqèi` tdibgmoo} kz`}mkaie oohq'

c`q m`tnpiq it e`gk`g `q a` jkdpt e```n kv hktq`gm`,

tvo}ige`g' Aoq it `dq`} ``g k`gqe`mkga`g. }òdqi`z`

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k zog `g dovqiz`d`gq`} `g tpdd`t q` oh`g'

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d`gq`} akk} a` oo}a zog a` odqiziqìq`g ont zogr`nj gi`pu`

hogt`g m}`geq' ga`}aooa2 tkie` d`gq`}t `mm`g ``g

eà``nq` zog pg qoh`g kga`}e`m}odq mib ``g nkhon` n`z`,

}ogdi`}. k rk ``} }`tkp}d`t z}ib q` oh`g zkk} odqizi,

qìq`g `q ``g e}kq`}` qkè`zkèa` uoo}a`' ga`}` `m,

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zog pg zkk}onie` mà}ibjtkga`}a``n — aoo}`` a` dot,

ku `g a` t`}zid`huoniqìq zog `q d`gq`} z`}m`q`}`ga'

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e`g rpnh` hogt`g oog q` nkv`g. oo} zkk} a` ``tq` it qkd

``g rk}ezpnaie` tqpai` gkaie ai` nìaq qkq ``g `na`}` dov,

qiz`d`gq`}tq}oqèi`. `g zkk}uoo}a` k ai` hogt`g q` hpg,

g`g d}`è}`g'

Z] TQ]QEèGK qkq ``g ekà` dovqiz`d`gq`}tq}oqèi` q` hk`g. it `q

gkaie q` mè}ibv`g u`nh` onq`}goqi`z`g `} zkk}oga`g ribg'

Aoq oogqon m`v`}hq rid qkq zi`}'

• motid dovqiz`2 `q dovqiz`d`gq`} n`z`}q onn``g ai`gtq`g

oog `q kà`}mà}ibj8

• ym}ia dovqiz`2 `q d`gq`} kpqtkp}d`q `g eà``nq zog a`

odqiziqìq`g mib `g nkhon` n`z`}ogdi`}8

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a`g,mà}ibz`g8• aiz`tqà dovqiz`2 i`}mib tqkkq `q kà`}mà}ibj `q dov,

qiz`d`gq`} e```n kj eà``nq`nibh oj goo} ``g a`}a` vo}qib'

gh`n` oga`}` tqpai`t dnoi`g aoq } ``}a`}` onq`}goqi`,

z`g ribg. oo} ig a` kvqi`h zog a` opq`p} zog aiq o}qih`n hog

`nh mà}ibj ``g vott`ga` tq}oqèi` ziga`g qptt`g a` mkz`g,

tqooga` zi`} qyv`g'

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it zog ``g `zknpqi`voa' c`q it apt mpiq`geùkkg m`noge}ibh

`q tq}oqèitd` ak`n zog `q kà`}mà}ibj q`g kvridq`

zog `q dovqiz`d`gq`} `na`} q` h}ibe`g' Aoo}qk` k`jq jì,

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ig q`}`g zog a` ìt`g ai` e`tq`na uk}a`g oog a` ai`gtq`g

ai` `q dovqiz`d`gq`} k`q eoog n`z`}`g'

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zog a` d`gq`}t gopu`nibht ig tqooq it oog a` z`}uodcqige`g q` zknak`g' Uoq it `} liteèoog;

Q`tq2 nog kt}i



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 49

dovqiz`d`gq`}t ~ zoh

e``g rid u``}tviè`nq ig `q hnìg` oogqon. `nhoo} gopu`,

nibht m`dkgdp}}`}`ga` nkhon` n`z`}ogdi`}t' t a` o}hq kv a`

nkdoqi` zog `q dovqiz`d`gq`} aoo}`gqè`g kgquihh`na. aog

m`q`h`gq aoq aoq `} ``g e}kq` z}ooe it zogpiq nkhon` mà}ibz`g

`g ``g e}kkq oogqon iggkzoqi`z`. dkgdp}}`}`ga` oogmià`}t'

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o}hqktqogaieà`g. ribg m`von`ga mib a` h`pr` zog a`

dovqiz`d`gq`}tq}oqèi`' A` uà`}ribat` igu`}hige zog a`r`

jodqk}`g it ridqmoo} eòohq ig epp} ?'

a BpTQ TQ]QEck` zonq q` m`von`g kj `g tq}oqèi` zkk} `g mà}ibj vott`ga it;

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`g zkk}m``na' nt pu mà}ibj jkdptq kv hktq`gm`tvo}ige`g

q`}uibn a` o}hq kga`}kgquihh`na it kv a` nkdoqi` uoo} p pu

dovqiz`d`gq`} uinq g``}r`qq`g. aog uibtq epp} ? zogr`nj a`

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``g a`}a` vo}qib. ig vnooqt zog r`nj ``g dovqiz`d`gq`} kv q`

r`qq`g' `}t. kga`}kgquihh`na` o}hq`g zkk} kpqtkp},

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z`g mòn`g aog kgtk}`' Q`g qu`à` niiq``}q ``g kga`},

kgquihh`na` o}hq a` e}kìke`nibhà`g `g `q oogeoog

zog vo}qg`}tivt `q nkhon` n`z`}ogdi`}t'

nt `q kà`}mà}ibj kgaoght on a`r` piqaoeige`g. ooge`,

nkhq akk} a` vkq`gqièn` hktq`gm`tvo}ige`g. qkd m`tnpiq `g

dovqiz`d`gq`} kv q` r`qq`g. aog it a` `gie vott`ga` tq}oq`,

ei` a` motid,dovqiz`d`gq`}tq}oqèi`'

`g qu`à` zkk}m``na' nt `q a` tq}oqèitd` igq`gqi` zog

`q kà`}mà}ibj it k a` e}kìke`nibhà`g piq q` mpiq`g.

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uibn `q kà`}mà}ibj a` tq}oqèitd` igq`gqi` ``jq k q`

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`g a`}a` zkk}m``na' `g mà}ibj aoq ``g tq}oqèitd`

e}kì,igq`gqi` ``jq `g kz`}u`èq ``g dovqiz`d`gq`} kv q`

eoog r`qq`g ig ``g ekà kgquihh`na` o}hq. k`q kvqioon

e`m}pihoh`g zog `q tdono oog ke`nibhà`g k a` od,

qiziqìq`g zog `q d`gq`} q` z`}m`q`}`g' Aoo}qk` k`q ig a`

nkkv a`} qiba uk}a`g kz`}e`tqovq zog `g motid, goo} `g y,

m}ia,. `g z`}zkne`gt goo} ``g to}à,dovqiz`d`gq`}tq}oq`,

ei`' U`q`ga` aoq } z`n` n`z`}ogdi`}t ig a` o}hq kv`}`}`g.

k`q `q d`gq`} a` hogt`g m`gpqq`g k `gh`n` odqiziqìq`g

q` kpqtkp}d`g q`gìga` ekà` `gt`g z}ib q` oh`g zkk}

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q`} vo}qg`}`g `q nkhon` n`z`}ogdi`}t `g gopu to`gu`},

h`g `q `q kà`}mà}ibj'

`g nooqtq` zkk}m``na' `g mà}ibj jkdptq kv hktq`gm`tvo,

}ige`g `g uin ai` kga`} ``} }ònit`}`g akk} `q kvr`qq`g

zog ``g dovqiz`d`gq`} ig ``g kgquihh`na` nkhon` o}hq' gaoq e`zon it ``g oga`}` hogt k a` nkhon` o}hqktqog,

aieà`g q` m`gpqq`g' oogaùè k`q aoq d`gq`} rid kgq,

uihh`n`g qkq ``g ym}ia dovqiz`d`gq`}. uoo}mib `gh`n` gi`q,

h`}godqiziqìq`g ribg kga`}e`m}odq mib nkhon` n`z`}ogdi`}t'

c`q kgquihh`n`g zog tdoone}kkqq` uk}aq aog `q m`noge,

}ibhtq` ak`n zkk} `q d`gq`}. uoo}mib `q kà`}mà}ibj `q

d`gq`} k`q `nv`g k tg`n q` e}kì`g' c`q kà`}mà}ibj

hog zknnàie ìe`goo} zog `q d`gq`} mnibz`g. `g v}kq`}`g

zog a` hktq`gm`tvo}ige`g ont a` k`z``nìa kjjtk}`

z`}u`}hq` q}ogtodqi`t qk`g``q' c`q kà`}mà}ibj hog

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q`g. g qk` q` q}à`g qkq a` hnogq`gh}ige zog `q zkk}onie`

mà}ibjtkga`}a``n goaoq `q it z`}hkdq'

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q`}tq}oqèi` go q` tq}`z`g' A` m`tq vott`ga` tq}oqèi` ogeq oj

zog a` tq}oqèitd` ak`n`g zog a` kà`}ooqtdovvib g zog

a` ke`zige uoo}ig `q dovqiz`d`gq`} k`q eoog kv`}`}`g'

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Lka`nt. Qc` LIQ V}`tt. =6??'

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IQ V}kb`dQ kj Qc` Yò}

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a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 14

pte v`Kvn` ~ doT`

E`ri`g a` tg`nn` kgquihh`,nige zog u`}hvn`hh`g `g

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e`g. ri`q ib m`noge}ibh` }oohznohh`g

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it aoq nooqtq` iga`} v}kig`gq ig G`,a`}noga aog ig oga`}` noga`g' Aoq `}

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e`ri`g a` oqp}iqy n`z`nt `g dpnqpp},z`}tdinn`g rpnn`g u` v`} noga m`hibh`g

uoo} u`n kj gi`q ``g tkp}digetq}ob`dq

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PT V`kvn`' cib m`nidq a`te`z}ooea

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aoo}`` to`goge`ga` piqaoeig,

e`g2 „Kgr` m}ogd` it kga`} igznkà

zog igq`}g`q `g tkdion` àio tq`}h

oog `q z`}oga`}`g. zog `q q}oaiqi,kg`n` g`qu`}h zog z`tqieige`g goo}

``g is zog m}idht `g dnidht. uoo}ig

vnooqt it zkk} zi}qp`n` `g kmi`n`

ai`gtqz`}n`gige' Aoo}mib mnibjq `q v`},

tkkgnibh` dkgqodq zkk}kvtqoog'“

„`g qu`à` kgquihh`nige it a` qk`,

g``ga` o}eà}ph. akk}aoq a` `s,

o}hq ig Gà`}noga zknuott`g it e`,

uk}a`g' ci`}oog e`}`noq``}a ri`g u`

z`}oga`}ige`g ig a` q`dgknkei`h`p,

r`t ai` u` oh`g' Z}kè`} hkga`g u`

v}oeLoQitDc` m`goA`}ige mib KpQtKp}Dige U`}hvn`hm`c``}

PT V`kvn`2`vku`}`gqig oogm`tqàige

TE V`kvn` a`à ig Gà`}noga ``g piqm`tqàige zog c`q m`c``} zog u`}hvn`hh`g `g igj}otq}pd,

qpp}m`c``}' Aoo}mib }i`v c`q a` cpnv ig zog L`q}i. aoq TE V`kvn` ci`nv l`q a` n`z`}ogdi`}tt`n`d,

qi`. m`gdclo}hige `g dkgq}odqige' C`q oogm`tqàigetq}ob`dq nooq ridc h`gl`}h`g akk} c`q e`m}pih

zog ``g hnìg. h}odcqie qòl l`q ``g tq`}h logaooq' L`q a` h`pr` zkk} Dove`ligi a`ghq c`q ig a`

piqr`ga, `g a`qodc`}igetu`}`na odqi`z` mà}ibj gp ``g tq`}h` dpnqp}`n` q q` c`mm`g e`loohq'

zog gr` }òdqi` jqe}o`2 lo} zog `g m}ig



11 k k

`q kgt v`}iqq`}`g k ``g noq` zkn,

e`} q` ribg. gp z}ooeq a` piqr`gau`}`na

aoq b` ``g zkk}nkv`} m`gq' Zkk}on a`

b`pea it odqi`j kv cyz`t `g Jod`mkkh'

loo} a` piqaoeige it k qè`nibh`}qiba

oga`}` ak`ne}k`v`g zio ``} q}oaiqik,

g`n` hogon`g kv ``g z`}q}kpua` o,

gi`} q` mnibz`g mài`g`g' Aoq k`q apt

kkh igqodq mnibz`g“'Zonq `} aoo}mib kkh oog q` g``g aoq

`} gogdièn` a}ph it. eè`z`g a` `dk,

gkitd` kgr`h`}ìa; „Aoq it r`h`}

`q e`zon“. mòoq Mkt' „Aiq `jj`dq

uk}aq gke ``gt z`}e}kkq akk}aoq a`

`so}hq ig Gà`}noga `q zknuot,

t`gìattqoaip ``jq m`}ìhq. oo}

kkh akk} a` hktq zog bkmmko}at `g

qonnkr` zi}qp`n` o}hqvnooqt`g' ci`},

akk} it a` dkkaiqit`}ige zog a`

`so}hq o}a eèoog `g aiq ``jq qkq

`sq}o a}ph kv a` o}e`t e`nìa“'

}id Jkvv`g zkèq aoo}oog qk`2 „`g

zog kgr` ak`ntq`nnige`g it k ``} q`

hpgg`g ``,oa``g `q a` o}hq'

Aoq kpaq ig2 tg`n hpgg`g kvtdon`g

uogg``} `q ekà eooq. oo} kkh q`}pe

hpgg`g goo} `g igion` m`r`qqige ig

iga`}` qiba`g' Kkh ig a`r` piqm`tq`,

aige it ai` ak`ntq`nnige z`}u`z`g' l``

hpgg`g oa``g it ig kgr` m}ogd`

tq`àt m`noge}ibh`} oog `q uk}a`g'“

TQGa]aTQ

A` Q,k}eogitoqi` it ``g kga`}a``nzog ``g to}à,t`}zid`d`gq`} aoq

z`}ogqukk}a`nibh it zkk} Q,tpvvk}q

`g oaigitq}oqi`z` v}kd`tt`g zkk} a`

u`}hooqtdovvib`g zog PT V`kvn`

ig Gà`}noga' Uoq m`q`h`gq a` gi`pu`

tq}oqèi`. uoo}ig oeiniqy m`noge}ibh`}

it eùk}a`g. zkk} Q; „Z}kè`} uot a`

ai}`dq`p} zog a` u`}hooqtdovvib

ai` `q o}atq` }i`v a` –hkgige hnogq’“.

rèq Jkvv`g' „g `} uot tv}oh` zog

``g e}kq`}` aiz`}tiqìq oog tytq``g

`g ovvnidoqi`t aog qè`gukk}aie' Gp

it `} a` nooqtq` bo}`g u`n tqogaoo}ai,toqi` e`hk`g. oo} u` k`q`g gke

tq`àt kga`}kpa ak`g kv ``}a`}`

tytq``g' Aoo}k it kgt ak`n gke on,

qiba tqogaoo}aitoqi`' A` qkè`zkèa`

uoo}a` zog Q riq i`}t ig oga`}`

roh`g aog `q hn`p}qb` zog a` vd'“

Zkne`gt Jkvv`g riq ai` qkè`zkèa`

uoo}a` ig tni ovvnidoqiògoe`,

`gq `g a` }kn ont q}ptqà oazitk}'

„ga`}` roh`g hpgg`g mpiq`g a` a`p}'

A` kmi`n` ai`gtq g u`}hvn`hm```}

`mm`g u` gp e`kpqtkp}d`q. `z`gont

a` z`}u`}hige zog a` p}`gm}i`jb`t

`g TV. aoq u` pqiniqy,motà #dnkpa,

motà) `mm`g piqm`tq`à' Zkk} a`

u`}hvn`hh`g uina`g u` aoq kkh' U`

ribg u`nituoo} mib ``g lid}ktkjq,kv,

nkttige piqe`hk`g. oo} gi`q Kjd`

4:0' A` oqp}iqy zog a` o}hq uot go,

`nibh gke iga`} z`} aog u` oaa`g

e`kkvq' o}ogqi`t kv m`tdihmoo},

ìa uo}`g gke kgzknak`ga` o}a'“cib z`}zkneq2 „U` ribg igiaa`nt }à`,

nibh `}zo}`g kv `q e`mià zog piqm`,

tqà`g. oo} aiq uot zkk} `q ``}tq

``g ai`gtq ai` a` ìgae`m}pih`}t ai,

}`dq }oohq' Aoq uot kkh `q tvogg`ga`

zog a`r` piqm`tqàige' ga,pt`}o,

goe``gq uk}aq i`} ``n m`noge}ibh

`g it ìe`gnibh kkh a` odinn`tv``t

zog `q e```n' U` `mm`g aoo}k

gp kkh ``g q}ogtiqi`qò. `q aoo}ig

qu`` dkpgidoqi`àù`}h`}t ai`

dkgqigp oog `q u`}h ribg k a` u`}h,

ooqtdovvib`g q` noq`g ri`g uoq `}

eooq e`m`p}`g' `nphhie riq aoo} kkh

`q ``g `g oga`} oog z`}gi`puige mib'

Gi`pu vd’t `g tkjquo}` ribg ridqmo}`

zkk}a`n`g zkk} a` ìgae`m}pih`}'“

lQ]PT V`kvn` tq`na` rid q`g ak`n k

a` `gt`g d`gq}oon q` tq`nn`g mib a`piqm`tqàige' Jkvv`g2 „Aiq m`q`h`gq

``g ekà` dkpgidoqi`. oo} kkh

rk}e`g aoq `gt`g ekà q`}`dqhk,

`g. rku`n a` `gt`g ai` `}``

eoog u`}h`g ont a` `gt`g ai` ``,

eoog `q a` v}kzia`}'“ g `q nidq zog

q`dgknkeitd` z`}kpa`}ige u`}a `q

aoo}gootq kkh qiba zkk} z`}oga`}ige'

PT V`kvn` a`à ``g zkk}kga`}rk`h

k piq q` rk`h`g kj `} ``g mptig`tt,

dot` uot kv `q e`mià zog hktq`g,

zkk}a``n' ckù`n a`r` mptig`ttdot`

–eòqiea vktiqi`j’ mn``h q` ribg. zkga

`q mà}ibj `q qkd m`noge}ibh k

akk} q` r`qq`g. `q go` zogpiq `q

ia`` k hktq`g q` hpgg`g `siminit`,

}`g' „Kv ``g eè`z`g k`gq ni`v`g

u` ig a` ig kj ``} q}oaiqikg`n` oog,

voh zog a` piqm`tqàige. uoo}zkk} u`

oogzogh`nibh oaa`g e`hkr`g. zotq kv

qibatnibg`g `g m`tnitk`gq`g `g uot

`} z``n m`k`jq` k r`nj odq`} `q

tqpp} q` riqq`g. k q` zkk}hk`g aoq

b` ont hnogq a` }èi` huibq m`gq ont b`

`q ri`q kgqtvk}`g'“Aoo}k huo oazi`tmà}ibj l`q}i oog

mkk}a. uoo}`` PT V`kvn` ekà` `},

zo}ige oa ig a` m`gdo}higeo}hq'

oykga Nigh`}t. Tkp}dige Ai}`dqk}

zog l`q}i z`}q`nq i`}kz`}2 „U` zkg,

a`g nhoo} ig kgt kapnoi}` ka`n' Piq

a` –kapn`g’ ai` u` mià`g. hi`tq a`

hnogq uoq zkk} ` zog m`noge it ig ribg

tv`di`h` q}ob`dq' c`q jodq,motà a``n

uoo} uib tq`}h ig ribg. k`q u`n a` motit

ribg zog a` piqm`tqàige' Aoo} màk`n`g

uib dkgd}``q `` aoq a` mptig`ttdot`

`} ont ``g }ka` a}ooa akk}``g nkkvq`g oga`}ribat aoq b` z`}}ottige`g mib

o}hqpiqz}oeige`g zkk}hkq akk} pgi,

jk} piq q` z}oe`g' Uib m}`ge`g m`gd,

o}hh`ggit ig. uoo}`` u` a` npdq

ai` onqiba u`n ig oogmiàige`g riq. `}piq

hpgg`g v`}t`g'“

mpQ kGQTQA` oogm`tqàige mèkg `q ``g piq,

z}ooe g mòpqy dkgq`tq . uoo}zkk} PT

V`kvn` onn` n`z`}ogdi`}t piqgkaiea`'

doT` ~ pte v`Kvn`

}id jvv`g2 „uib e`nz`g oq b` ` tig`tt,

dot` onn``g gq on`g } ``n nòg `g òg

q` ib`g goo} t`}zidògoe``gq'“

„U` UINN`g Hpgg`gL``,OA`L`g L`Q A`LO]HQ“



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 10

pte v`Kvn` ~ doT`

Jkvv`g2 „Aoo}mib `mm`g u` z``n z`},

`na`}ige eè`z`g kz`} kgr` piqaoeig,

e`g ig a` o}hq g kgr` piqeogetvpgq`g

ig a` oogm`tqàige' Aoq eoj ai}`dq api,

a`nibhìa' Go a` mòpqy dkgq`tq `mm`g

uib ig ``g z}ib z}kè tqoaip e`z}ooea

``g u`}hv}ibt oj q` e`z`g. uoo}mib u` a`

h`ggit zog l`q}i e`m}pihq`g k `q rk,

aogie piq q` z}oe`g aoq u` tg`n ``g e`,

}idq` aionkke hkga`g oogeoog'“ Akk}

a`r` oogvoh mn`z`g `} migg`g hk}q`qiba qu`` vo}qib`g kz`} uoo}`` a` k},

eogitoqi` goo} ``g dkgq}odq`gt`q hkg

qkù`}h`g' „Kkh aiq uot tq}oh e`tq}pd,

qp}``}a' g zibj uk}htkvt `mm`g u`

onn` kga`}a`n`g zog a` to`gu`}hige

akk}nkv`g `g u`}a kkh a` q}ogtiqi`,

oogvoh zog a` a``ng``}t m`nidq' Rk

u`}a`g a` tkutqkvv`}t tg`n apia`,

nibh. `z`gont `q u`nh` vo}qib u` z`}a`}

uina`g'“ Piqìga`nibh huo Doveìgi

ont m`tq` vo}qib piq a` mpt. on e``jq Jkv,

v`g oog aoq kkh a` oga`}` hogaiaooq

``g ekà` v}kvktiqi` oa' M`noge}ibh`vpgq`g ig `q dkgq}odq ribg roh`g ont

iggkzoqi` `g ``g `z`gqp`n` }`q}ogtiqi`

eù``tq' „A`r` `mm`g u` zogoj `q

mèig on ige`m}odq `g aoo}mib zkk}on

e`v}km``}a gi`q tq`àt r`nj `q ui`n piq

q` ziga`g' A` u`}`na it go`nibh gi`q rk

iggkzoqi`j' U` ribg `} ig kgr` mptig`tt,

dot` zog piqeèoog aoq u` ``g oogqon

z`}gi`puige`g ig a` hk`ga` bo}`g gi`q

rpnn`g ri`g' Aoo} k`q b` }ònitqitd

goo} hibh`g8 oo} ``g oogqon oga`}`

z`}gi`puige`g it r`h`} zotqe`nèa' U`

`mm`g –Dov’ zkk}on e`rèa aoq uib v}k,

odqiziqìq z`}uodq`g ont `} hktq`gz`},

noe`ga` v}kvktiqi`t ig a` o}hq hk`g'

Kkh `mm`g u` tq`}h e`tqpp}a kv a`

–jodqk} `gt’' Aoq ziga`g uib r`h`} ig

a`r` qiba m`noge}ibh `g aoo}kz`} `mm`g

u` ekà` ojtv}oh`g eòohq' R`h`} ig

a` mèigjot` `mm`g uib a` h`ggit zog`s,PT’`}t ai` gp mib Doveìgi riqq`g

e`mk}ea zkk} a` igq`}g` hnogq'“

kllQQa QlUoo}k zi`n a` h`pr` piqìga`nibh kv

Doveìgi; –Tg`nìa’ `g –kvtdo,

h`n`g’ ribg q`}`g ai` Jkvv`g ai}`dq

gk`q' „g aiq tkk}q oogm`tqàiget,

q}ob`dq`g e`naq aoq b` ai}`dq kv odq`},

tqoga tqooq ont b` a` ``}tq` u``h zog

`q q}ob`dq itq' Doveìgi oa } zog

`q mèig oj ``g ekà qò kv riqq`g.

aoq kkh gke `gt `g bpitq` q oa `q

kgr` ogi`} zog a`gh`g' z`gont uib

oaa`g kkh rib ``g hnìg. dkiqqà

qò. `q ``g oddkpgqogoe`} ai`

r``} e`kqiz``}a uot k q` tdoh`,

n`g' Uib kdq`g m`tnitt`g. oo} rib

kkh' Aoq rk}ea` zkk} ``g ekà` oqd'

c`q kki` it aoq ``g oogqon `gt`g ig

aoq qò gp kkh a` q}ogtiqi`jot` ak`q'

l`gt`g ai` u`q`g k` `q dkgq}odq qkq

tqoga it e`hk`g' Rk it a` a`niz`}yo,

goe`} zog Doveìgi gp mib kgt ig `q

voga oog `q u`}h. a`r`nja` v`}tkkgai` ig `q mia qò ``jq e`r`q`g' `g

e}kkq a``n zog a` `gt`g zog Dov,

eìgi ai` gp m`q}khh`g ribg. h`gq `q

dkgq}odq' Aoq zkk}hkq ig a` m`noge,

}ibh` mèigjot` z``n aitdptti`t'“

]ElQTc ]Eck` eooq PT V`kvn` gp tqp}`g kv mib,

zkk}m``na iggkzoqi ;

}id Jkvv`g2 „A` q}ogtiqi` goo} ``g

gi`pu m`tqp}igettytq`` mibzkk},

m``na k`j b` gi`q kv q` g``g ig `q

dkgq}odq. aoq ron a` n`z`}ogdi`} tkui`,tk u`n ak`g rka}o ib akk} ribg tdoon,

e}kkqq` aoo} ``g ekà` mptig`ttdot`

zkk} ``jq' U` `mm`g iggkzoqi` u`n

``n dkgd}``q eòohq' Rk a`gh`g u`

aoq `} ``g Kjd` 4:0,oogvoh ron eoog

hk`g. oo} aoq `q ``g boo} kj qu``

ron ap}`g zkk}aoq ai` it piqe`}ibvq'“

Zkk} a` u`}hvn`hk}eogitoqi` ``jq

PT V`kvn` a` t`}zidògoe``gq,

k}eogitoqi` u`n `nòon k`q`g

kvqpie`g. rèq ib' „A`r` }èi`k}eo,

gitoqi` it e`mkpua kv v}oeoqit`.

u` mnibz`g i`}t ``g piqr`gak}eo,

gitoqi` ai` gkkiq ``g aih QN,mk`h ron

ogq`}`g' Aoq votq gi`q ig a` dpnqpp}

`g a` u`}huibr` zog kgt mà}ibj' U`

v}km`}`g u`n ig a` hoa`}t q` a`gh`g'

U` jkdptt`g kgt kv a` h`y a}iz`}t k

kgr` ìgaak`n`g q` on`g `g `q a`

h`ggit zog l`q}i ribg `} ekà` VAD’t`g TN’t kve`r`q k `q dkgq}odq mig,

g`g `q hoa`} zog a` mptig`ttdot`

q` hpgg`g ogoe`g' Uib e`nkz`g aoq

b` a` mptig`ttdot` onn``g hpgq on`g

akk} ``n nòg `g òg q` hibh`g goo}

t`}zidògoe``gq' Mib ``g q` e}kq`

t`}zid`k}eogitoqi` tdpinq onqiba `q

e`zoo} zog `g mp}òpd}oqitd` k}eo,

gitoqi`. uoq b` gi`q u`gtq'“

oykga Nigh`}t. Ai}`dqk} Tkp}dige

mib l`q}i. zpnq oog2 „Mà}ibz`g ai` zkk}

`q ``}tq ``g ai`gtq kpqtkp}d`g. uin,

n`g u`n``gt ``g z``n q` ooge`hn`à

}èi`ka`n g``}r`qq`g' Z`}zkne`gt

hk`g r` `}odq`} aoq qodqie. g`,

e`gqie v}kd`gq zog `q u`}h akk} ``g

m`v`}hq oogqon }knn`g hog uk}a`g e`,

aoog' c`q a}ooiq k `jj`dqiziqìq' Rk

zkk}hk b` aoq ``g }èi`k}eogitoqi`

``g mkqqn`g`dh zk}q `g `} giht zog

a` e}kga hkq'“

lku]lGQA` oogvoh `q aiq v}oeoqitd` }`,

ei`qò it ``g }`dqtq}``ht` zkk}q,r`qqige zog a` ogi`} uoo}kv `q

v}kb`dq it ige`zpna' Jkvv`g2 „Akk} `g

hnìg `g h}odqie qò q` jk}`}`g.

`q z``n `vku`}`gq. ``jq a` k},

eogitoqi` ekà eà`nè``}a' c`q qò

aoq a` oogm`tqàige a`à. oa a` m`,

zkèaìa m`tnittige`g q` g``g' Aiq

oohq` oog `q ìga zog `q q}ob`dq

a` m`tnpiqzk}ige tq}oh `g `na`}.

uogq a` `gt`g ai` k`tq`g q`h`g`g

uo}`g mib a` qkqtqogahkige zog `q

dkgq}odq m`q}khh`g eù``tq g uitq`g

uoq `} m`tnkq`g uot' ie`gnibh it aoqkkh ``g ojtdonige zog a` }èi`k}eo,

gitoqi`' Z``n it }`noqi`j nooe ig a` k}eo,

gitoqi` m`tnkq`g `g kkh it `} gke z``n

kv`ge`noq`g zkk} qk`hktqie` h`pr`t.

kga`} ``} kv `q e`mià zog –m}ige

ykp} kug a`zid`’' Uogq ai` o}hq nieq

gke ``n `}e kv`g'“

]oyg ig`}t. ai}`dq} T}dige ib l`q}i2

„l`q `gdo}`ggit gg`g ` ` ndq

iq oogiìge`g v`}t`g'“



3= b p n i ~ o p e p t q p t = 6 6 9

'''Uib



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goe`l`gq — it ``g gi`pu loeorig

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v`}j`dq u``}tviè`nq' QIQL it `}

zkk} nìaigee`z`ga`g ig a` IDQ' Kj r` gp

IQ,logoe`}t. igjk}loqi`logoe`}t. ckkja`

IDQ kj gke oga`}t e`gk`la uk}a`g. aiq ribg

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igjk}loqi`zkk}ri`gige a}oe`g `g aoe`nibht

m`noge}ibh m`tnittige g g`l`g' R` tnoog a m}pe qptt g a` ai}`dqi`. a` DIK kj a` DJK

`g`}ribat `g a` IQ,k}eogitoqi` oga`}ribat' R

ribg aoe`nibht m`q}khh`g mib IDQ,v}kb`dq`g.

loo} c`mm`g ``g kv`g kke zkk} a` mà}ibjt

tq}oqèi`'

QIQL it `} zkk} a`r` nìaigee`z`ga`g ig a`

IDQ' Ig QIQL zigaq p v}ihh`n`ga` dknplgt

gk,gkgt`gt` zohigjk}loqi` `g mkì`ga`

igq`}ziùt l`q kvigikg nòa`}t kj dknnèo’t

oga`}` k}eogitoqi`t' QIQL z`}tvinq pu qiba

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s

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HNÌg`]` TV`N`]T

rKpA`g ``]A`]e`gÌeA rIbg cpgOOgMKA OJ Q`TQ`LL`g KV M`cK`JQ`TZOg OJg`L`]T'''



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a` e`c`n` k}eogitoqi` it qkè`tgà`g'

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hktq`g loh`g aog gkaie it; Uoo}kl c`q a`logalogoe`

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hkl`g oeiniqy `g `jdi`gdy migg`g m`}ìh'

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Boo}dkge}`t

Tq}oqèidTkp}dige

=6?=

?3,?9 bpgi =6?=2



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 0?

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mà}ibj uin kkh kv a` p}kv`t` o}hq

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rk’g =66 `gt`g oog `q u`}h ``jq' g

a` k```gt` tqoa Dnpb Govkdo mèkg

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zog a`r` ai`gtqz`}n`g`} riq ` ig a`

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a` t}` donn`ge`}tzog =6??Gootq @S. C`souo}` `g TQ Enk,mon uibtq c`q ig tkp}dige e`tv`dioni,t``}a` Ck}t`t jk} Tkp}d`t ig a` vp,mnidoqi` CjT Mpy`}t epia`2 qc` =6??

kjjtck}` dconn`ge`}t kkh Ligaq}``.

Cigapbo Enkmon Tknpqikgt. Igq`n`g`qEnkmon T`}zid`t `g *Q Igjkq`dc ontmà}ibz`g oog ai` ``g goa`}` h`ggit,lohige z`}ai`g`g kkh zkk} @p}kv`tè`m}pih`}tk}eogitoqi`t' Ig aiq o}qih`nit `}zkk} e`hkr`g kl a` oogaodcqonn``g goo} @S. C`souo}` `g TQEnkmon piq q` noq`g eoog klaoq a`ròogmià`}t kv aiq lkl`gq on }`no,qi`j z``n klr`q ig a` @p}kv`t` lo}hqu`q`g q` }ònit`}`g `g apt z``n }`j`,}`gqi`t hpgg`g kz`}nèe`g'

'''LOO] c`MM`g gI`QA` Nps` KL Q` Hpgg`gIgZ`TQ`]`g Ig ``gAIZ`]T VON`Q




Iq’t qc`dkllpgiqy/Tkp}dige it zkk} tq`àt l``} k}eogitoqi`t ``g tq}oqèitdc

kga`}u`}v. uoo}mib c`q a}ooiq kl tol`gu`}h`g l`q

n`z`}ogdi`}t. igq`}g` mptig`ttpgiqt `g dklvn`q` mà}ibjt,

h`q`gt'

Ont z`}ogqukk}a`nibh` logoe`} kj tkp}dige v}kj`ttikgon

uinq p aoo}kl a` gi`putq` kgquihh`nige`g `g m`tq v}odqi,

d`t kv c`q e`mià zog tq}oqèid tkp}dige gi`q litt`g'

Kpqtkp}d` Loeorig` #KL) it on bo}`g ``g opqk}iqìq kv c`qe`mià zog tkp}dige2 zog IQ qkq gogd` `g v}kdp}`l`gq'KL igjk}l``}q. jodiniq``}q aitdptti`t. a``nq m`tq v}od,

qid`t. `gq`}qoigq — `g zkk}on2 it a` qcpitmotit zog ``gn`z`gaie` tkp}dige dkllpgiqy/

KL it `} zkk} DIK’t. igjk}loqi`logoe`}t. a`loga, `g

tpvvnylogoe`}t. DJK’t. gogdi``n logoe`}t `g v}kdp}`,

l`gq kjd`}t' Rib ri`g Kpqtkp}d` Loeorig` ont a` m`noge,

}ibhtq` m}kg zog igjk}loqi` zkk} ``g zog a` l``tq odqp`n`

qkvidt kv c`q e`mià zog mptig`tt. gogd` `g IQ2 tq}oqèidtkp}dige' P qkdc kkh; Uogq ig tol`gu`}hige tdcpinq pu

h}odcq2 iq’t onn ig qc` dkllpgiqy/

Z}ooe zogaooe gke pu omkgg`l`gq oog zio

igjkFidqlàio'gn' Kj m`n 654 :?1 66 56'



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 04

A`zi K`}`lo ~ dknpLg

„Mpaay. ottp}` ykp ’ donnige j}k Didooooek'“ A`r` ino}itd` rig hkq piq

a` n Kpqtkp}dà' Zkk} tkie` gaiè}t ``g akk}g ig `q kke. kaoq `} aogh,

moo} e`m}pih uk}aq eòohq zog onn` dnidét' Zkne`gt oga`}`g bpitq ``g nuoo}mib b` kgeè`g``}a hpgq nod`g k a` gaiot` kpqtkp}d`dpnqpp}'

nt b` q}kpu`gt `q ukk}a –Kpqtkp}dà’ ekken`q z`}tdibg`g `} ``}a`}` nt

`g t`}i`t kz`} aiq j`gk``g' g onn` tv`n`g r` zkn kz`}qpieige ig kv a` tq`}`k,

qyv`t zkne`gt `g zotq voq}kkg' Kgu`q`ga` u`tq`}nige uk}aq akk} ribg mà}ibj

goo} gaio e`tqpp}a' Dpnqpp} zog u`tq`}nige `g gaiot` u`}hg``}t mkqt`g. uoq

e}ovvie` tiqpoqi`t kvn`z`}q' U`tq`}nige uk}aq z`}ni`ja kv `q kkitq` ìtb` zog

`q hogqkk}' Q` ga'

h k`j p gi`q q` z`}q`nn`g aoq a`r` igtq``h q`hk}qak`q oog a` kgquihh`nige zog a`

ka`}g` gaiè}t' g Mogeonk}`. lpmoi `g A`ni u`q`g r` kga`}qptt`g kkh u`n

uoq a` nooqtq` q}`gat piq `}iho ribg'

loo} u`q`g r` aoq kkh ig logbohhpai; Tk}}y; logbohhpai it a` zkne`ga` tqoa

uoo} Uiv}k MVK ``g hogqkk} eooq z`tqie`g' l`q ov`} =066 igukg`}t `g

566 pir`g ron `} zotq e``g uigh`nd`gq}p ribg. oo} migg`ghk}q apt u`n ``g

Uiv}k,oja`nige'

c`q vinkqv}kb`dq mèigq `q 06 u`}hg``}t. oo} k`q on tg`n piqe}kì`g qkq

``g hogqkk} `q 066 u`}hvn`hh`g ig =6?4'

Kv rk`h goo} ekàhkv`}` h}odq`g; Kj goo} noe`}` pp} k kpqtkp}d`g goo}

gaio u``} m`qoonmoo} q` oh`g; c`q gi`putm`}idq rì `noot gi`qt kz`}

uoo}k a` h`pr` zkk} `q vnoqq`noga eòohq it'

c`q ron ``g `n` piqaoeige uk}a`g zkk} `q gaiot` Q,mà}ibj. oo} ``g ai` `q

v}km`}`g omtknppq uoo}a it' nt b` `q ib z}ooeq' U`}h aoq ``g ekà motitnkkg

eo}oga``}q. e``jq a` igukg`}t zog logbohhpai kvqi`t zkk} a` qk`hktq'

Q`}uibn `q vnoqq`noga gp gke tq`àt z`}a`} z`}uiba`}a }oohq zog `q n`z`g ig a`

e}kq` tqà`g. hog aiq a` kvnkttige ribg zkk} gaio' M`gpq a` }piq` `g ogh}odq

ai` k`gq``n kz`} `q kkja e`ri`g uk}a`g' A` `q}kvkn`g mo}tq`g i`}t onpiq pg zkè`g'

Bo. ih m`g `gqkptiotq kz`} a` ooghkgaieige zog Uiv}k' nt `q hkg rkp ih zog,

aooe ``g m`rk`h uinn`g m}`ge`g oog `q #uoq ih ` zkk}tq`n) tnov`}ie`. tqkje`

tqoab`' K ``g oogqon bo}`g noq`} ekà `q z`}tdin q` hpgg`g m`kk}a`n`g'

A` u`}hg``}t ai` Uiv}k eooq oogq}`hh`g rpnn`g go u`}hqiba m`tq ``gt `q ribg

onn`g piq `q`g uinn`g. a`gh ih' Kj `q `nhoo} ``g a}oghb` uinn`g a}igh`g' ga`}`g

rpnn`g ``g `h`n `mm`g oog a` e```gtdovv`nibh` mpt `g ni`z`} aidq mib pg

u`}h eoog ukg`g' ck` ron logbohhpai `} kz`} zibj boo} piqri`g;

Zkk}aoq `q rk z`} it. ke`g r` zog ib ``g do`}ovnkè igp}`g k a` kv,

tqo}qjot` kv n zotq q` nèe`g' `g }òniqy piq logbohhpai ``jq zkne`gt ib

``} hkitd` uoo}a` aog a` dnidéoqie` e}ovv`g piq Kpqtkp}dà'

logbohhpai

a`zi MK`}`Lo #?930) mk gu a. l k k

g' r kk k tdkk kk bk

ruk' t =663 ukk Llm. u kk

d m, m l u `ky n

jkk kd' a u k l i,dkk

mk kkll’ eklk g

k }k ?. Klk nn Mgg ul m U,

klk' zkk Kpqtkp}d` Loeorig` d dkl k

uk u i '



01 k k

lo}d m`r`ig`} #n') zog k}g `tq``q Q iq oog Zoni. z`}q`e`g}ie } ] l`}qr'



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 00

tKp}dige ~ aòn

ck` noge m`tqooq a` }`noqi` l`q Zonia on;

Lo}d #Kl}kg)2 „g =665 m`tnkkq `q

kkjahogqkk} zog K}kg. ``g Bo,

vogt` pnqigoqikgon. ai` v}kapdq`g.

tytq``g `g ovvnidoqi`,`sv`}qit`

n`z`}q kv `q e`mià zog jom}i`ht, `g

odig`,opqkoqit`}ige. `n`hq}k,

gitd` dkvkg`gq`g `g ònqdo}`.

k ig p}kvo onn` Q,ai`gtq`g q` eoog

kpqtkp}d`g' } huo ``g d`gq}oon

p}kv``t aoqod`gq`} ig ckkjaak}v `g

ig =663 hkga`g u` a` ``}tq` u`}h,

vn`hh`g eoog ie}`}`g' U` z}kè`gZonia k aoq v}kd`t kv eoge q` m}`g,

e`g `g q` mè`nìa`g' c`q eige k

onn` p}kv`t` z`tqieige`g8 u` riqq`g

ig ``} aog =6 noga`g kv ``} aog

:6 nkdoqi`t' `g }`pr`ghnpt'“

ck` it `q k zkk} K}kg q` u`}h`g;

]km #Zonia)2 „U` `mm`g ``g `dq`

hnih `q K}kg. ``g –dpnqp}on q’'

Gi`q onn``g ih. oo} kkh ibg dkn,

nèo’t ∝ u` `mm`g }pi 466 `}zo}`g

àù`}h`}t ig ai`gtq. ai` kv`}`}`g

zogpiq hogqk}`g ig igakz`g. loot,q}idq `g Pq}`dq ∝ ziga`g `q mibrkg,

a`} v}`qqie u`}h`g zkk}. `q `g mib

K}kg'“

Uoq uot a` zkne`ga` tqov;

Lo}d #Kl}kg)2 „U` ribg r``} q`z}`,

a`g kz`} a` to`gu`}hige `q Zonia

mib a` ie}oqi`' U` `mm`g ``g ek`,

a` hnih `q a` `gt`g. a` q`dgi`h

nkkvq ekà. r` ribg `sim`n' U` uina`g

aoq rib kkh a` kv`}oqikg`n` tpvvk}q

zog kgr` *A, `g v}kapdqi`ke`,

zige eige`g ak`g' g bpni =6?? eige a`

t`}zidà`th zog Zonia niz` zkk} kgr`

*A, `g v}kapdqi`ke`zige ig A`g

Mktd'“

g ont `} gp i`qt mpiq`g a` tdkv` zog

`q dkgq}odq zonq;

]km #Zonia)2 „U` nktt`g onqiba ``}tq

a` v}kmn``g kv' Aoo}go hibh`g u` kj

`q u`n kj gi`q mpiq`g a` tdkv` zog `q

dkgq}odq zonq' Zkk} K}kg ak`g u` gp

t`}z`}m```}. tqk}oe`m```} `g ao,qomotògoe``gq' nt `q gkaie it.

q}`à ih ig kz`}nè `q lo}d' U` `m,

m`g ``g hk}q` nibg'“

Uoq tqooq `} gke kv a` }kn;

Lo}d #Kl}kg)2 „U` `mm`g gootq

A`g Mktd kkh *A,ke`zige`g ig

ge`noga `g Mo}d`nkgo' Aoo}gootq

`mm`g u` v}kapdqi`ke`zige`g ig

Apiqtnoga `g qoniè' Zkk} ai` ke`,

zige`g ribg u` m`rie ``g z`}m`q`}a

tytq`` g``} q` r`qq`g' g u``h 0?

ribg u` `nòon hnoo} ig A`g Mktduoo}go ih e}ooe `q `q v}kb`dqqò

a` zkne`ga` tqov uin r`qq`g'“

Bo}`gnoge` to`gu`}hige

z`}a`} piqe`mkpua

KL}Kg eooQ KKh `p}Kv`t` }*A, `g v}KApDQi`KLe`zige`g KpQtKp}D`g mib zoniA

@`g e}kkq eà``nq` zog a` IQ zog a` Mkttdc` jom}i`h zog Kl}kg. jom}ihogq zog q`dcgitdc` dklvk,

g`gq`g `g ovvniogd`t. it on `gie` qiba e`kpqtkp}d`q mib Zonia ig @igackz`g' A` tol`gu`}hige m`zonq

@p}kvòg IQ T`}zid` Logoe`} Lo}d M`r`lmiga`} rk ekà. aoq ]km L`}qr zog Zonia migg`ghk}q oog

a` tnoe eooq l`q onn` @p}kv`t` ]*A, `g v}kapdqi`z`tqieige`g zog c`q Bovogt` dkgd`}g'

zog gr` }òdqi` jqe}o`2 lo}d`n uinn`t

] l`}qrJpgdqi`2 Oddkpgqlogoe`} Zonia``jqiba2 0?Zonia nooq coo} hnogq`g zkk}kvnkv`g akk} igjk}loqi`, * dkl,lpgidoqi`q`dcgknkei` tpdd`tzknig q` r`qq`g'

lo}d m`rìg`}Jpgdqi`2 @p}kvòg IQ T`}zid`Logoe`} Kl}kg #]*A+Jodqk,

}i`t+Uo}`ckpt`t)``jqiba2 19Kl}kg it ``g Bovogt` lpnqi,goqikgon l`q z`tqieige`g kz`}a` c`n` u`}`na. uoo}zog qu`` igA`g Mktdc' C`q @p}kv`t` aoqo,d`gq`} m`zigaq ridc ig Ckkjaak}v'



0: k k

qc`Lo ~ enKon tKp}dige

Oogaodq zkk} tkdion`

z}ooetqphh`g ai` `q kv

e}kq` tdoon z`}pir`g

zog h`ggitu`}h goo} no,

e`nkg`noga`g `q rid

``m}`geq. it gi`q zkk}m`kpa`g oog

mkkhgpjj`noo}t. ``gq m`tqpp}t,

nia Uogao Nkvpd zog `q ig =66:

kve`}idq` nkmon Tkp}dige Dkpg,

din' G`q rkont ooga``nkpa`}t zog

m`p}te`gkq``}a` mà}ibz`g zogaooe

a` aoe q}ogtvo}ogqi` ìt`g ig a` qk`,

zk`}h`q`g. rkaoq r` ridq h}ibe`g kva` o}mìatktqogaieà`g zog ri,

oqitd` jom}i`hto}mìa`}t. rk it `q

zkk} kkja}kntv`n`}t ig a` kpqtkp},

digetigaptq}i` kkh zog e}kkq m`noge

k oogaodq q` e`z`g oog a` tkdion`

ivodq zog kpqtkp}dige kv a` hk}q` `g

kv a` noge` q`}ibg' A` ìt k ``}

q}ogtvo}ogqi` q` h}ibe`g ig a` `jj`dq`g

zog enkmonit`}ige a``nq a` TD `q a`

Kddpvy,mùèige ai` mònz` qè`g

a` tdooq`nkr` mkgptt`g `g oga`}`

piquott`g zog `q gogdièn` tytq``

zkk}on kkh o`}q kv ``} igridq ui`

`} oog a` qkpuqb`t q}`hq `g k` a` u`n,

zoo}q ``}nibh`} z`}a``na hog uk}a`g'

kTQj G GEQjA` TD huo kv ig ``g qiba aoq `} ig

a` ZT z``n q` ak`g uot akk} `q ot,

ton` z`}ni`t zog mog`g akk} a` tq`}h`

kvhktq zog a` kjjtk}igeigaptq}i`

ig =665' „} u`}a zibj boo} q`}pe z``n

kv tq}ooq e`v}kq`tq``}a qè`g kjj,

tk}ige“. z`}q`nq }gk Bh`}. vo}qg`}zog _pigq U`nnigeqkg àukka' „}kq`

z`}tdpizige`g uo}`g oog a` k}a`

zog a` aoe' A` `}ihoogt` Diqimogh

mibzkk}m``na z`}vnooqtq` ribg modh,

kjd` goo} a` gaiot` tqoa lpmoi.

uoo}akk} ``} aog apir`ga mog`g

huo`g q` z`}zonn`g' Mib ``g m`h`ga

kpqtkp}digetdkge}`t tqkga`g a`,

kgtq}ogq`g `q mk}a`g kv a` tqk`v

`q n`pr`g aoq `q kz`} `g piq k`tq

ribg `q `q tq`n`g zog `}ihoogt`

mog`g' Dkgtpnqogqt. hnogq`g `g n`z`,

}ogdi`}t zogpiq a` kjjtk}igeigapt,

q}i` ribg ig aoq hniooq ``g kgojog,

h`nibh` qè`gmùèige mèkgg`g k

oogaodq q` z}oe`g zkk} a` vktiqi`z`

hogq`g zog kjjtk}ige' Uogq oog `q

mog`gz`}ni`t ig a` ZT. k` miqq`} kkh

zkk} a` m`q}khh`g`g. riqq`g vktiqi`z`

hogq`g ont b` a` u`}`na ont éég e}kkq

ak}v m`hibhq' g ``g }ibh u`tq`}t noga

`mm`g h`ggitu`}h`}t e`gkè mo,

eoe` zkk} ``g gi`pu` u`gaige ig pg

nkkvmoog' g ``g noga ont gaio hog``g moog ig a` kjjtk}igeigaptq}i` `q

z`}tdin oh`g qptt`g miqq`}` o}k`,

a` kj ``g hogt kv ``g m`q`} m`tqoog'

c`q it apt oo} zogpiq u`nh v`}tv`d,

qi`j b` aiq m`hibhq'“

A` TD it kve`r`q ont ``g gkg,ekp,

z`}g``gq`n` k}eogitoqi` ai` e``g

moga`g ``jq `q a` kjjtk}igeig,

aptq}i` oo} kv kgaioon gizòp oog,

aodq uin z}oe`g zkk} a` vktiqi`z` `g

A` u`}`na ont

enkmon zinnoe`

``g h`ggitLohige L`Q A` enKmon tKp}Dige DKpgDin

zog gr` }òdqi`

Uoq c`mm`g a` Kddpvy,v}kq`tqmùèige. ai` — kkh on zonq a` uigq`} mibgo ig — gke tq`àt kv a`

tqk`v zog Uonn Tq}``q mizohh``}q. `g c`q Enkmon Tkp}dige Dkpgdin l`q `nhoo} e`l``g; Mìa` mù`,

eige`g eoog c`q a`moq oog kz`} a` tdc`}v` }ogab`t zog enkmonit`}ige'



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 05


gèoqi`z` tkdion` dkgt`p`gqi`t zog

kjjtk}ige' „g ibg ke`g zk}q `q

TD `q a`r` oe`gao ``g m`noge}ibh`

qk`zkèige oog `q kpqtkp}digetnoga,

tdov“. z`}zkneq Bh`}' cib it e`,

z}ooea ``g m`tqpp}tvktiqi` q` kz`},

uè`g. oo} kpaq aiq gke ig m`}ooa'

„lZk ]p] aG kkQ“A` M}iq Aozia Higgò}. kv}idq`} `g

piaie zkk}riqq`} zog a` nkmon Tkp},

dige Dkpgdin. h`gq `q hnovv`g zog a`ru``v ig a` kjjtk}igeigaptq}i` ont

e``g oga`}' g a` bo}`g gè`gqie zog

a` zk}ie` ``pu uot ib ont mà}ibjtbp,

}itq m`q}khh`g mib a` kjjtk}ige zog a`

modhkjd` zog D}àiq Tpitt`' Noq`} ig

ribg nkkvmoog u`}hq` ib oog a` v}kzi,

a`}hogq zkk} Mnodh lkpgqoig }kpv'

Kpqtkp}d` loeorig` tv}oh `q `'

U`nh` gèoqi`z` e`zkne`g zog kjj,

tk}ige v}km``}q a` nkmon Tkp}dige

Dkpgdin oog q` hoo}q`g;

„Mib enkmon tkp}dige. k` m}`à a`q`} kkh it. `m b` `q ig tt`gqi` kz`}

`gt`g' Qk`g u` zibj boo} q`}pe `q

`q igiqioqi`j mèkgg`g g enkmon tkp},

dige ont onq`}goqi`j vnooqtq`g qè`g,

kz`} kpqtkp}dige aodq`g z`n`g aoq

u` `àà`g oog a` uoog zog a` aoe

ai` a`tqibat piq`}tq h}iqitd uot kz`}

kjjtk}ige' h a`gh aoq u` kgr` qiba

zkk}piq uo}`g' A` TD it m}à`} odqi`j

aog onn``g a` v}kmnòqi`h zog kpq,

tkp}dige `g kjjtk}ige. kkh on hkq

kgt igiqioqi`j kk}tv}kgh`nibh u`n piq

a`r` k`h zogaoog' } it rku`n kv `q

vpgq zog ai`gtq`g ont zog ekà`}`g

ig qk`g``ga` oq` tv}oh` zog ``g

kgaion` o}hq uoo} z}ooe `g oog,

mka `nhoo} ziga`g' Rk hog ``g modh,

kjd` zog ``g u`tq`}t` k}eogitoqi`

e`}pga uk}a`g ig gaio' Aoqr`nja`

kgaion` ho}ohq`} it } kkh mib to}q,

vkg`t `g qomn`qt ai` kv a` `}i,

hoogt` o}hq z`}hkdq uk}a`g' A`r`

uk}a`g ig riè e`v}kapd``}a `g a`r`

qk`zk`}h`q`g it apt kkh kgaioon' A`

h`pr`t ai` ``g `}ihoogt` jom}i,

hogq ig a` v}kapdqi``qka`g oohq.

`mm`g ``g ai}`dq` ivodq kv a` ri,

oqitd` jom}i`hto}mìa`}t' Aoo}k it

`q zog m`noge k hu`tqi`t h}iqitd

q` zkne`g ont `q iteooq `g u`nhk`

z`}m`q`}ige`g qk` q` bpid`g ont a`r`

akk}e`zk`}a uk}a`g' looqtdovv`,nibh z`}ogqukk}a kga`}g``g it gke

gkkiq rk odqp``n eù``tq ont gp kaoq

a` u`}`na akk} igjk}oqi`q`dgknkei`

kv `g kge`h`ga` tdoon hog dkp,

gid`}`g g to`gu`}h`g'

Uib e`nkz`g aoq `} ``g m`q`}` monogt

it qptt`g }`tv`dq zkk} `q igaiziap `g

zkk} a` tkdioon`dkgkitd` h`pr`t

ai` mà}ibz`g ig qk`g``ga` oq` rpn,

n`g oh`g' U` ekki`g gi`q `q tq`g`g

goo} a` kjjtk}igeigaptq}i` kj goo} a`

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tg`n apir`ga tqà`g ig kga`}a nog,

a`g ribg' Aoo}gootq ribg u` mèkgg`g

`q g`qu`}hvo}qg`}t' }k`v`g `g k},

eogitoqi`t ai` a`r`nja` nktk` }kga

z`}a`nige zog iaa`n`g g app}roo,

ìa kga`}td}ibz`g. hpgg`g rid mib

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tq}p`gq m`}ìh`g u` ``g odq`}mog

zog mibgo =06 apir`ga `gt`g kz`} a`

`n` u`}`na'“

Uoo}k hpgg`g Gà`}nogat` tkp},

digetv}kj`ttikgont gi`q k a` nkmon

Tkp}dige Dkpgdin ``g;

„g `q n`z`g hpg b` oo} ``n uìgie

dkgq}kn`}`g' B` hpgq z``n ``} ig,

znkà piqk`j`g`g' h a`gh aoq u` kgt

ig `g zog a` ``tq aygoitd` jot`t

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aiq igq`}goqikgon` a`moq. aoq `g gi`pu

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oogz`}uogq` q`dgknkei`,

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}idq`g. ai` tdoonzkk}a``n m`gpq `g

ig ke` oq` `sim`n it8 e}kq` oogqon,

n`g tq`}h e`zi}qponit``}a` iaa`n`g.

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qò zog a` mib``ghktq2 ``g ``}

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zkk}piq `nvq'

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mibzkk}m``na ke`nibh k onn` nèody

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— zogpiq a` dnkpa q` m`q}`hh`g; Kj hog

a`r` akk} tkie` n`z`}ogdi`}t e`,

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oeiniQy Aoghrib A` DnKpA

c`q eà}kkaà`niz`}ylka`n

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Q`tq2 cqr` Ribntq}o jqe}o`2 lo}d`n uinn`t

„DNKpA DKLVpQIgeIT ``g cyV` `g AOQZ]OOeQ KL ``gUOO]TDcpUIge“



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 09



:6 k k

]kga`qoj`n ~ il

Migg`g Ml ribg u`. zkk}go`nibh e`,

tqpp}a akk} a` ZT. kkh m`rie `q `q

ivn``gq`}`g zog a` dnkpa' Kkhaoo}mib zonn`g q`}`g ont ``g ke`}`

`siminiqìq `g oeiniqy. oo} a` z}ooe

it ig k`z`}}` `q ib `g `q dknn`dqi`j

zog a` e`m}pih`}t `dq eooq `nv`g'

c`q eooq jìq`nibh k ``g gi`pu a`ni,

z`}yka`n. `g aoo} hkq zog onn`t mib

hibh`g2 q`dgknkei`. oo} kkh roh`g

ont ekz`}gogd` `g q}ogtjk}oqi`' c`q

tpdd`t ogeq apt à` oj zog a` o,

gi`} uoo}kv ih ont –DK’ ai` q`dgknk,

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uoo}tdpuige' c`q j`gk``g miàq

u`nituoo} `gk}` ke`nibhà`g.

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g`g ont b` } kgzknak`ga` zog mè}ibvq'

Qkd rkp a` dnkpa u`n ``gt `q ìga`

zog ``g qibav`}h hpgg`g m`q`h`g`g8

a` igq`}g` Q,kv`}oqikgt hpgg`g kv

q`}ibg ``n ekà kz`}mkaie uk}a`g'“

ck` aog kkh rpnn`g Q,oja`nige`g `}

z`}}èooga akk} e`}oohq uk}a`g.

uoq u``} e`zkne`g ron `mm`g zkk}

a` u`}he`nè`gìa. a` m`k`jqòog m`voona` zoo}aieà`g `g a` Q,

vkvpnoqi` ig Gà`}noga `g a` }`tq zog

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a` nooqtqe`gkà` nooe ron jpgao,

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t`gìa g `q v}ibtvìn zog a` ooge`,

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ighkkvq'“

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gke z`}uo}}ige it kz`} mè}ivta`,

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tkt q`g kg}`dq` ont dnkpaai`gtq`g

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it g`q ont mib a` `g`}ei`n`z`}ogdi`}2

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q}ogtodqi` `gk} aon`g `g rpnn`g a`

o}e`t màpia`ga hnìg`} uk}a`g'“

Ckqr` Ribntq}o it ckkja}àodq`p} zogDIK Loeorig` '

„A` DJK eOOQ TQ]OHTLITTDcI`g U`N OOg A`DIK ]OVVK]Q`]`g“



DKGQ@GQ * @GQ@]QOIGL@GQ

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:= k k

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a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = :4

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„A` oazit`p} ronribg h`ggit lk`qz`}m}à`g“


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„Ont r`njtqogaie

oazit`p} hpg b` q}ogtvo}ogq b` qkè`zkèaùoo}aìgr`qq`g“

oAzi`t KpqtKp}dige ~ Tv`dion

lo}d`n hnv}ee`



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c`q zkne`ga` kga`}u`}v uoo} M`pn`g

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z}ooetqph zog dnkpaai`gtq`g' „h kk}

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``gt igh q` noq`g h}oh`g kv `q kg,

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h tgov gi`q kv u`nh` e}kga`g aiq kg,

a`}tdìa it eòohq `g u`nh ak`n aiq

v}`di`t ai`gq' c`q ittp` zog igjk}o,

qi`m`zìnieige tv``nq mib mìa` ak`n,e}k`v`g ig ibg ke`g' c`q it ``g ekà

zkk}m``na aoq k}eogitoqi`t kvgi`pu

``n ekà go k`q`g a`gh`g kz`} a`

}`pi}``gqt ont r` ig pg tkp}dige

a` ojgo` zog ``g dnkpaai`gtq kz`},

uè`g“. m`tnpiq M`pn`g'

„Ih ri`

mib dnkpadklvpqigea` gkaieùinn`h`p}kl l` c``g“


}i m`n`g



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = :5

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zog igtqiqpqikg`n` npiìa' c`q it ``g

o}a` gkkarooh uoo}mib z``n h`ggit.

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g`g akk} a` kva}odqe`z`ga` vo}qib'



:3 k k

doT` ~ KpqtKp}dige oziovo}qg`}

Qg lo}q`gt. k zog ziovo}qg`}2 „mib ` `r` z} qt}dige q`nq gi`q onn``g `q }`d`}`g zog tq`g. oo} `q zo}io`n o`g `}zog.

`g og`}` z}`n`g ront tdoonoo}ì. ìiniqìq `g qèoge qq `v`}qit `'“



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = :9

KpqtKp}dige oziovo}qg`} ~ doT`

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Roz`gq`. nooq rid `q

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kpqtkp}d`mà}ibj zkk} oi},

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jkdptt`g kv `q m```} zog hnogq}`no,

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h`gvohh`q' Aoq mèigq `q d`dh,ig.

mko}aige `g moeoe`, `g do}ekojog,

a`nige' Kkh z`}}idq `q onn` gkaieòga`nige`g k `q znièqpie oog kj

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t`g. m}i`ge zog a` d}ù. akdp`g,

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zog `q nooatdò uk}a`g z`}rk}ea'

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l`` Oziovo}qg`} z}ibu`n onn` IQ,e`}`noq``}a` roh`g c``jq kga`}e`m}odcq mib ai`r`nja` IQ,ai`gtq,

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56 k k

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k q` eoog `q ovvnidoqi`t. `q it

zkk} kgt dkkg mptig`tt ' Z``n og,

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tqomi`n `g m`q}kpumoo}. a` t`dp}iqy it

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`q r`nj igq`}g q` ak`g. aog k`q b` `},

zkk} eoog'“

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tdov zog ziovo}qg`}. aoq zkk}on m`,

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} uk}aq ``} `g ``} e`tq`pga kv

Q' c`q e`m}pih zog ovvnidoqi`t mnibjq

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q`}uibn akk} a` dkgtqogq` dkv`qiqi`

oeiniqy z`}ìtq it'

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oon igq`}g' g =665 u`}a `g kpqtkp},

digetdkgq}odq e`q`h`ga `q lTV. ``g

hnìg` M`neitd` tv`n`}' g =669 go

Q,ai`gtqz`}n`g`} Dè`ho lTV kz`}.

igdnpti`j `q dkgq}odq `q ziovo}qg`}'„g ai` dkgtq`nnoqi` oaa`g u` q`

oh`g u` `q ``g aàidoqà qò

migg`g Dè`ho. zkk}go`nibh `s,

ziovo}qg`},`gt`g“. z`}q`nq lo},

q`gt' „c`q uot ``g ovo}q` vnkè ai`

`gietrigt e`ëtkn``}a uot zog a` }`tq

zog Dè`ho' Aoq uot piq`}oo}a gi`q

m`zk}a`}nibh zkk} a` oeiniqy. uogq u`

oohq`g kv ai` ogi`} gi`q kvqioon

e`m}pih zog a` vkkn oog }`tkp}d`t mib

Dè`ho' loo} ai` vnkè uot u`n gk,

aie8 a`r` `gt`g uo}`g a` gie`g ai`

kgr` ke`zige h`ga`g g kgr` tytq`,`g u`h`g zknnàie oj zog a` ke`,

zige zog Dè`ho'“

Qk`g lo}q`gt àik =6?6 oogq}oa mib

ziovo}qg`} uot a` }`noqi` `q D`,

e`ho igiaa`nt kìroo'

lo}q`gt2 „Znoh zkk} ih migg`ghuo.

it } `g tkk}q `}ri`gige zog `q kpq,

tkp}digetdkgq}odq eù``tq' loo} `q

dkgq}odq roq jpgao`gq``n gi`q ekà

ig `nhoo}. zkk}on po hktq`gtq}pdqpp}'

c`q uot ``g kgkniqitd dkgq}odq2

doT` ~ KpqtKp}dige oziovo}qg`}

ui` it Qg lo}q`gt;Qkkg Lo}q`gt u`}hq oga`}conj boo} mibOziovo}qg`} ont DIK' Aoo}zkk} u`}h,q` cib zibjqi`g boo} zkk} mi`}m}kpu`}Igq`}M}ù. noq`} IgM`z `g Ogc`pt`},Mptc IgM`z' Kkh aoo} c``jq cib z``nq` loh`g e`coa l`q kpqtkp}dige `gkjjtck}ige' „Ih c`m aoo} a` `zknpqi`l`è`loohq zog ``g q}oaiqikg`n`.igq`}g` IQ,oja`nige goo} ``g zknnàiee`kpqtkp}d`q`' @`g v}odcqie` n``},tdckkn'“ Lo}q`gt zkga aoq cib q` z``ne`tv`dionit``}a }oohq` ig c`q tpvvny,dcoigaklìg. q`}uibn cib e}ooe uoqm}à`} uina`' Qk`g ribg hogqkk} zoga` igliaa`nt e}kkqtq` mi`}m}kpu`}

q`} u`}`na goo} Gù Yk}h z`}cpita`.m`tnkkq cib aoq `} ``g ìga oog ribgdo}}iã}` mib OM IgM`z rkp hkl`g' Cibgol ``g tommoqidon yò} kl aoo}gooog a` tnoe q` eoog mib Oziovo}qg`}'„Ih m`g c`n`loon e``g q`dcg`pq. ihu``q }`noqi`j uìgie zog t`}z`}t `gg`qu`}h`g. u`n i`qt zog ovvnidoqi`t'Loo} ih m`g ``g logoe`}2 ih logoeà` IQ,dkgq}odq`g `g tkp}digettq}oq`,ei`. }`noqi`t `g l`gt`g' Ih c`dcq z``nm`noge oog dkllpgidoqi` `g tq}``jgoo} IQ ai` éég it l`q a` mptig`tt'

Lo}q`gt nogd``}a` ``g IQ Toqitjod,qikg Tp}z`y oog c`q mèig zog ribgdo}}iã}` mib Oziovo}qg`}' A` piqhkl,tq`g uo}`g gke gi`q ``gt rk c``n `}etn`dcq. loo} r`h`} kkh gi`q ekà'„Aoo} huol`g c``n z``n z`}m`q`,}igetvpgq`g `g dkgd}`q` odqi`t piqgoo} zk}`g' Ih c`m c`q hk}qe`nà`gkvgi`pu eàoog' A` }`tpnqoq`g ribgz`}m`q`}a' Loo} c`q logoe`g zog IQ,kpqtkp}dige it ``g u`}h zog dkgqigp`kvzkneige `g z`}m`q`}ige'“

C`q dkgq}odq

uot gi`q`sim`n. gi`qq}ogtvo}ogq`g mkz`gongi`q apia`nibh



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 5?

aiq ribg a` sà t`}zid`t `g aoo} m`,

qoon b` rkz``n v`} ooga zkk}' Vpgq'

} uo}`g u`n ``g voo} zo}iom`n`g.

oo} gi`q e`gkè' Aog h}ibe b` uigtq,

z`}tdpizige`g2 a` zo}iom`n` hktq`gzog tqk}oe` uo}`g mibzkk}m``na gi`q

o}hqdkgjk}. k z`}ni`r`g na`}t ig

`q dkgq}odq q` dkv`gt`}`g' U` oa,

a`g ìe`gnibh kz`}on aitdptti`t kz`}'

Hk}qk2 `q dkgq}odq uot gi`q `sim`n

po hktq`g. gi`q q}ogtvo}ogq po hkt,

q`g `g mkz`gon uot `q gi`q apia`nibh'

Uogq a` ktd}ibzige u`nh` ai`gtq`g

`} aog ig ai` sà v}id` roq`g. uot gi`q

onqiba kgapmm`nriggie' g aoq it go,

qpp}nibh `g jpgao`gq`n` hu`tqi`'“

Goaoq e`mn`h`g uot aoq ``g o`ga`,

`gq kv `q dkgq}odq a` jpgao`g,

q`n` v}kmn``g gi`q kvnktq`. eige`g

`} mib ziovo}qg`} tq``g kv k

eà``nq`nibh u``} q` eoog igtkp}d`g'

loo} lo}q`gt hkg a` td`vqidi `}zog

kz`}qpie`g aoq kpqtkp}dige a` m`tq`

uè it zkk} ziovo}qg`}' „nt kgr`

mptig`tt tqomi`n rkp ribg. a`gh ih aoq

u` po hktqv}ibt oo}aie e`nibh rkpa`g

piqhk`g' loo} kgr` mptig`tt it gp

``goon gi`q tqomi`n' Mib a` h`pr` zkk}

kpqtkp}dige q`nq gi`q onn``g `q }àp,d`}`g zog hktq`g. oo} kkh `q zo}io,

m`n oh`g }zog. g oga`}` zkk}a`n`g

rkont tdoonmoo}ìa. `siminiqìq `g

qkèoge qkq sv`}qit`“. tq`nq ib'

lo}q`gt igz`gqo}it``}a` a` }`pi}`,

`gqt `g td}``j mèig =6?? ``g jV

piq' cib eige aoo}kz`} `}tq v}oq`g `q

a` m`tqooga` vo}qg`}t' „A` aitdpt,

ti`t `q Dè`ho uo}`g r``} kv`g.

r``} vktiqi`j' g `q uot apia`nibh aoq

ont u` `q nhoo} z`}a`} rkpa`g eoog.

`} tv}oh` k`tq ribg zog ``g zknnàiehktq`gq}ogtvo}ogq dkgq}odq' Aoq it gp

``g tv}òat``q `q ``g qu``kg,

a`}aqon }è`nt. uoo}ig onn` hktq`g zo,

}iom`n ribg eòohq `g e`m`gdo}hq

kv aoq gizòp' ``g dkpgid`}`ga`

zoq`g po uigtq ``}'“

Go piqe`m}ìa` kga`}oga`nige`g u`}a

ig t`vq`m`} =6?? `q gi`pu` dkgq}odq

`q Dè`ho e`q`h`ga' giaa`nt it

ziovo}qg`} ig a` nooqtq` jot` zog a`

aoqod`gq`}ie}oqi` goo} Dè`ho'

„Dè`ho z`}rk}eq aoqod`gq`}ktqige.

``}tq`nibgt t`}zidà`thkga`}tq`p,

gige. a` qu`à`nibgt kga`}tq`pgige

`q ``g tv`di`h ziovo}qg`},tpv,

vk}qqò `g igj}otq}pdqpp}kga`},

tq`pgige `g ,v}kb`dq`g' U` `mm`g

Dknq zkk} `q UG `g ``g d`gq}on`

n`t`}z`}' Zkk} `,oin ribg u` rkvot

eìe}``}a goo} Kjd` 4:0 ig a` dnkpa

mib lid}ktkjq' Mònz` kgt znpdqigjk},

oqi`tytq`` `mm`g rk ekà ont onn`

ovvnidoqi`t a` zk} zog tkjquo}`voh,

h`qq`g `g TooT' Z`n` ovvnidoqi`t ribgzog z`gak}t ai` e`tv`dionit``}a ribg

ig tkjquo}` zkk} a` npdqzoo}q' R` n`,

z`}`g gi`q onn``g tkjquo}` oo} kkh

igaptq}i`h`ggit' l``tqon tnpiq ih aònt

oj ai` ``} ribg aog tkjquo}è`m}pih.

uoo}mib r` kkh z`}ogqukk}a`nibh ribg

zkk} ivn``gqoqi` `g tpvvk}q' c`q it

z``n ``} `g vo} qg`}tivtq}oqèi`'“

Zkk} kga`}kpa `g kgquihh`nige zog

`q ìe`g znpdqigjk}oqi`tytq``

uk}a`g ogonitq,v}ke}o`p}t zog

Dè`ho ige`pp}a'

TQGa]a G Tc]alo}q`gt ``jq rkvot a` ie}oqi` zog `,

oin goo} lid}ktkjq Kjd` 4:0 zknqkkia'

„A` Q,oja`nige uot r`nj `q ``}tq`

v}k`jhkgibg aoo}zog' oq ykp} kug ake,

jkka . gk` ih aoq' U` `mm`g q` oh`g

`q kge`z``} ='166 oinmks`g'

U` `mm`g qkq ig a`qoin m`}`h`ga kj `q

`mm`g zog `g ie`g sdoge`,t`}z`}

gi`q ekàhkv`} rkp ribg' loo} aoq it r``}

r`h`} gi`q `q e`zon' lid}ktkjq 4:0 miàq

z`}tdinn`ga` qyv`g pt`}t `g aoq hkq

kgt }e ekà piq' } hn`z`g kkh u`n u``}

m`v`}hige`g oog. oo} aoo} hpgg`g u`

u`n `` n`z`g. kaoq u` u`nituoo}

z``n `gt`g ig ai`gtq `mm`g oo}

uìgie h`ggitu`}h`}t'“ Dè`ho ``jq

a` ie}oqi` eàoog `g g``q kkh a`

kga`}tq`pgige `}zog kv rid'

Dè`ho it kkh m`rie `q a` zknqkkiige

zog a` ie}oqi` zog a` ziovo}qg`},

ovvnidoqi`t zog `q aoqod`gq`} zog

Ml goo} a` ie`g aoqod`gq`}t ig N`p,

z`g g cott`nq'„c`q it goqpp}nibh ekàhkv`} ont Dè`,

ho kkh a` ktqige r`nj ak`q' R` k`t,

q`g zkk}``g i`}t t`}z`}t m``,

}`g ai` mib ``g oga`} tqoog — `q uot

``g ovo}q k`hb` ig `q aoqod`gq`} `q

aàidoqà piv`gq zkk} kgt' Q`}uibn

u` gp goo} ``g tqogaoo}aka`n zog

Dè`ho eoog `g zkk} ``g eà``nq`

kv to}à igj}otq}pdqpp}' Aoq e``jq

onnòon hktq`gzkk}a``n ég huoni,

qìqtzkk}a``n“. onapt Qkkg lo}q`gt'

„Gootq a` T166 a}ooiq ìe`gnibh on,

n`t kv Uigakut `g ``g ``n e}kkq e`,a``nq` it e`zi}qponit``}a `q Zuo}`'

Aoo}gootq `mm`g u` ``g oogqon t`},

z`}t ai` gi`q e`zi}qponit``}a hpgg`g

uk}a`g `g `} aàidoqà zkk} ziovo}q,

g`} tqoog' U` eoog apt ``} goo} ``g

tqogaoo}aka`n migg`g Dè`ho. rkaoq

`} gke ``} hktq`gzkk}a`n`g ribg' Gi`q

onn``g ig a` to}à igj}otq}pdqpp}.

oo} kkh po tpvvk}q aoo}zog' c`q

e``jq `jdi`gdyzkk}a``n. huoniqìqt,

zkk}a``n `g hktq`gzkk}a``n'“

ziovo}qg`}Oziovo}qg`}. aoq ribg ckkjahuo}qi`}c``jq ig M}ptt`n. it a` e}kkqtq` tv`n`}kv c`q znoh zog ojcoga`nigetai`gtq`g

zog c`q @p}kv`t` dkgqig`gq' A` e}k`vottitq``}q l``} aog =06 npdcqzoo}q,looqtdcovvib`g kv 4? npdcqcoz`gt igr`t noga`g2 M`neiè. Apiqtnoga. J}ogh,}ibh. Iqoniè. Gà`}noga `g kgnoget it``g oja`nige kve`tqo}q ig Ruiqt`}noga'Oziovo}qg`} tq`nq kge`z``} :'666 l`g,t`g qù`}h. uoo}zog rk’g ?'066 ig M`n,eiè' A` e}k`v }ònit``}a` ig =6?6 ``gklr`q zog 430 linbk`g `p}k `g ``gg`qqk uigtq zog ?0.= linbk`g p}k'

KpqtKp}dige oziovo}qg`} ~ doT`

@} lk`tqtv}oh` ribgzog ``g

zknnàiehktq`g,q}ogtvo}ogqdkgq}odq



5= k k

gi`puT ~ qKlli`t

KpQtKp}D` Loeorig` Aig`} tcKU

Gi`pu`nìa`}t ig

tkp}digeIg ``g l`q zpp} `g kv`}o kle`z`g Kpqtkp}d` Loeorig` Aig`} Tcku eige`g @}id Jkvv`g #TE

V`kvn`). Zkvoh `g Dè`ho `} l`q a` QKL Ouo}at zogakk}' Ig a` Hk`v`nh`}h ig Oltq`}aol mn``h

z`}a`} ``gt q` l``} aoq kpqtkp}dige a}ooiq kl z`}q}kpu`g `g tol`gu`}h`g' „B` lk`q c`q n`j c`m,

m`g kl tol`g z}oe`g kv q` vohh`g“. onapt Zkvoh,DIK Qkg zog Aibh' @g a` gi`pu` tkp}dige nòa`}

@}id Jkvv`g gk`la` ont ribg e`cìl zog a` tlia2 „Tol`gu`}h`g/“

zog gr` }òdqi` jqe}o` ]`n q



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 54

qKlli`t ~ gi`puT

I

g ``g v}odqie` omiogd` huo`g ?06 DK’t. tkp},

dige `s`dpqiz`t `g m`tqpp}a`}t zog n`z`}ogdi`}t mib

`nhoo}' A` v}odqie` Hk`v`nh`}h ig o}qb` tq`}ao

z`}h``}a` ig h`}tqtqìge' ogu`rie`g ai` zog a`

zkk}ojeooga` mk}}`n a` eonoroon igni`v`g. hkga`g `qaog kkh zogoj `q monhkg gi`q noq`g k pg z`}ukga`}ige

q` noq`g mnibh`g' Aoo} uot `q kkh aoq a` noq`}` uiggoo}

Jkvv`g on oogeoj ``n mnib q` ribg `q a` gkigoqi`' „c`q

it `}h`ggige zkk} ``g v}kb`dq uoo}mib u` kgr` g`h `mm`g

piqe`tqkh`g'“ g aoq it v}`di`t uoo} a` aig`}tku zkne`gt

km Mìbn`z`na. ai}`dq`p} zog DQ,àio. piqe`z`} zog Kpq,

tkp}d` loeorig` . k a}ooiq' „A` tkp}digetigaptq}i` `g

oo} nìa`}t `mm`g ``g tqipnogt gkaie k ``} e`na `g

`g`}ei` q` igz`tq`}`g ig huoniqìq. hnogqe`}idqìa g iggk,

zoqi`' c`q ia`` zog a` QKl uo}at. kkh u`n a` QKllT. it

aoq `q qkqon` tkp}diget`dktytq`` v}kq``}q' U` k`q`g

oj zog `q m`v`}h`g zog iggkzoqi`mpae`qq`g `g aitdptti`t

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z`tq`}`g ig dq` z`}gi`puige'“

Zku]aEAi` z`}gi`puige huo qiba`gt a` aig`}tku }pitdkkqt

oog mka' Tv}``htqon``tq`} Bkktq ck`migh hkgaiea` Npqr

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tv}oh kz`} a` n``}dp}z` ai` kga`}gìge`g ig kpqtkp}dige

`òh`g' Hk}q e`rèa a` dp}z` zog ``g }`noqi` qptt`g

hnogq `g n`z`}ogdi`} goo} ``g zknuoo}aie tq}oqèitd vo}q,

g`}tiv' „Ai` hogq k`q `q kkh kv kaoq u` tq`àt ``}

goo} mptig`tt q`dgknkey qk` uinn`g' g a` piaie` qiba on.

hog a` Q,oja`nige ìe`gnibh gi`q ``} uodq`g qkqaoq a`mptig`tt `q z}oe`g `g z`}rk`h`g hkq — aoq it gi`q v}k,

odqi`j e`gkè' A` mptig`tt ron a` Q `}a`} r`nj ig a` o}hq

eoog oogtdojj`g' U` k`q`g apt igr`qq`g kv to`gu`},

hige. qptt`g Q `g a` mptig`tt. oo} }`h`g aoo} r`h`} kkh

a` n`z`}ogdi`}t mib'“ A`tieg,v}kdp}`,ogoe` ' Aoq it a` uè

ai` ``g k}eogitoqi` eooq oèe`g. ig vnooqt zog `q q}oaiqi,

kg`n` vnog,mpina,}pg ' c`q mèigq aoo}mib ig `q kgqu`}vv}k,

d`t uoo} mptig`tt `g Q to`ghk`g. k z`}zkne`gt a`

tkp}dige q` }è`n`g `g a` gi`pu` ai`gtq q` ogoe`g ig a`

k}eogitoqi`' A` tnkqtk zog Vìd`}q uot aoq a` tkp}diget,

`g z`gak}ogoe``gqv}kj`ttikgon aoo}`` kgz`}iba`,

nibh `g m`noge}ibh`} }kn ron h}ibe`g ig a` hk`ga` bo}`g'

Z]Q]kpuG T Eka'''Go okkv zog ribg v}`t`gqoqi` tv}oh Kpqtkp}d` loeorig` gke

hk}q `q a` ogonitq' c`q dkgd`vq zog mptig`tt q`dgknkey aoq

ib v}`t`gq``}a`. a}ooiq k gopu` to`gu`}hige qptt`g

mptig`tt `g Q. ai` ont ``g Tio`t` qu``nige eoog kv`}`}`g'`g k}eogitoqi` ron a`tkgaoght gi`q e```n kv ìe`g h}odq

a` aygoi`h zog a` o}hq ooghpgg`g `g apt z``n k`q`g

tkp}d`g. ig to`gu`}hige `q ``g uitt`n`ga oogqon n`z`,

}ogdi`}t' A` igtq``h it k to`g qkq iggkzoqi` q` hk`g' A`

motit aoo}zkk} it uà`}ribat z`}q}kpu`g' „Z`}q}kpu`g ``jq

qiba gkaie“. onapt Vìd`}q' „Zogaoo} aoq b` a` uè zog a` }`no,

qi` zog hnogq `g n`z`}ogdi`} goo} tq}oqèitd vo}qg`}tiv u`n

k`q akk}nkv`g'“ ogtnpiq`ga k`q`g k}eogitoqi`t tytq``g

kgquihh`n`g k n`z`}ogdi`}t q` kgiqk}`g' Rk hpgg`g r` a`

}itidk’t ai` r` nkv`g mib a` m`q}`jj`ga` n`z`}ogdi`} igtdoqq`g'

„Hibh goo} a` monogt. goo} pg q`dgknkeitd` h`pr`t. pg

*A,mpae`q. `grkzkk}qt'“ A` tiegon`g e`z`g ``g m``na zog

a` n`z`}ogdi`}' „Uoo} eooq a`r` ``g; t a`r` n`z`}ogdi`} gi`q

zog `q `g` kv `q oga`}` k`gq kpq kj mptig`tt;“

TQ]GE TQ]kTQiba zkk} a` v}ibtpiq}ìhige' A` og `q goo} rèe`g zog

tv}``htqon``tq`} ck`migh `q nogetq` dz ig a` roon. km

a` coot. zkk}onie e}kpv DK zog MG lK. go a` kg,

g`p}t uoo}' cib eoj onn`}``}tq ``g qk`nidqige kv `q t`,

n`dqi`v}kd`t2 go `q igai`g`g zog a` e`gkig``}a`g zigaq

v`} doqèk}i` ``g v}`t`n`dqi` zog a` qkv qi`g vnooqt' A`r`

hogaiaoq`g h}ibe`g ``g z}oe`gnibtq qkè`tqpp}a kv motit

uoo}zog a` bp}y qkq ``g tk}qnitq zog qu`` hogaiaoq`g v`}

doqèk}i` hkq' A` qkv qu`` ig `nh` doqèk}i` z`}tdibgqz`}zkne`gt zkk} a` bp}y ig a` Mkttd` Mko}a}kk zog DQ

làio' naoo} ziga`g v}`t`gqoqi`t `g igq`}ziùt vnooqt.

uoo}go a` bp}y a` h`pr`t m`voona`'

u]aTZ`}zkne`gt eige a` zkk}riqq`} kz`} qkq a` m`h`gaohige

zog a` uiggoo}t `g piq}ìhige zog a` ouo}at' nt ``}tq`

uot `} a` ouo}a zkk} lktq ggkzoqiz` Tkp}dige Z`gak} ' A`

bp}yzkk}riqq`} h}oohq` i`}mib ``g h}iqitd` gkkq kz`} `q

e`m}`h oog dkv`qiqià}oge mib a` e}kq` oogmià`}t ig a`

tkp}digeto}hq. ai` aiq boo} a` tnoe k a` ouo}a gi`q oa,

a`g oogeàp}ja' `g oogqon hnìg`}` n`z`}ogdi`}t oa u`n

`q n`j. uoo}kga`} uiggoo} Dè`ho' Go`gt `q mà}ibjaoghq` Vopn Dk}g`nitt` a` piqz`}hi`rige oog a` igz`gqi`z`

ogi`} uoo}kv `q mà}ibj rid kgquk}tq`na` oog a` qk`,

tqoga uoo}ig `q rid m`zkga' Akk} ribg aoqod`gq`}t ig q`

r`qq`g ont vnoqjk} zkk} `q oogmià`g zog dnkpaai`gtq`g.

u``q `q mà}ibj rid igiaa`nt q` v}kn`}`g ont ogoe`}

zog ``g dnkpa`dktytq``' „Dè`ho ``jq rid `q tpdd`t

a` }kn zog t`} zidògoe`} ooge``q`g“. onapt bp}yzkk}riq,

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`} gp ``g boo}. oo} Dè`ho it on a}i` boo} m`rie `q a`

q}ogtjk}oqi`' h m`g mnib aoq `} gp `}h`ggige it zkk} kgr`

gi`pu` v}kvktiqi`'“

„U` uinn`g ``gvptc e`z`g oog a`kgquihh`nige zog a`kpqtkp}digetigaptq}i`“



]PM]I@H ~ qk`zk`eige

51 k k



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 50

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zog Aibh eige gi`q onn``g `q vkaip kv. oo} tqkga `}kv kkh

piak Uigh zog `}tkg `` q` g``g' Nkeitd. uogq zio

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„U` c`mm`g nìa`}tgkaie ai` q`dcgknkei`hpgg`g logoe`g `g a`mptig`tt h`gg`g“

qKlli`t ~ gi`puT



5: k k

zoh ~ t`}zid`v}KziA`}t

ApQDc tQ}oQèiD KpQtKp}Dige tQpAy

iq kga`}rk`h zog @poq`}}o mnibhq aoq mà}ibz`g gke tq`àt e`loqiea q`z}à`g ribg kz`} cpg

t`}zid`v}kzia`}t ig igj}otq}pdqpp},. ovvnidoqi`, `g `ga,pt`}logoe`l`gq' U`n ribg `} vktiqi`z`

z`}tdcpizige`g q` ri`g `g rèe`g DJK’t `g DIK’t vnogg`g q` c`mm`g kl cpg kpqtkp}d`n`z`nt gke

z`}a`} q` z`}cke`g'

zog gr` }òdqi`

Tqibe`ga`q`z}à`gìakz`} t`}zid`,

v}kzia`}t



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 55

t`}zid`v}KziA`}t ~ zoh

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eàoog kga`} ``} aog ?56

zog a` Gà`}nogat` k}eo,

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oog a` Apqd Tq}oqèid Kpqtkp}dige

Tqpay =6?? `q ont kga`}u`}v –T`},

zid` V}kzia`} V`}jk}ogd` ig q`

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kga`}a pgi`h` }`noqi`t qptt`g hnog,

q`g `g n`z`}ogdi`}t u`}a`g kga`} a`

nk`v e`gk`g `g == t`}zid`v}kzia`}t

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#1 v}kd`gq) kj r`njt r``} kgq`z}à`g

L``] LOgOe`]TM`KK]A``NA`g cpgK]eOgITOQI` ONT–rUOH’ UOO] c`QKL ]èI` eOOQ



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Boo}dkge}`t

IQQ}ogtjk}loqikg

=6?=

=4 ov}in =6?=2



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 59

t`}zid`v}KziA`}t ~ zoh

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a`}t' Rk hk`g a` vo}qib`g qkq gi`pu`

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`g ``g zkk}a``n q`g kvridq` zog a`

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rke`gooa` jpnn nij`dydn` enkmon mpti,

g`tt t`}zid`t j}oùk}h it `q m`,

noge}ibh k ìgaak`n. piqzk`}ige `gekz`}gogd` kv éég nibg q` h}ibe`g' Kpq,

tkp}dige ``jq aoo}ig ``g m`noge}ibh`

vktiqi`' Aoq it a` qkkn k a` tq}oqèi`

}kga to}à t`}zid`t q` z`}tg`nn`g `g

q` dkvn``gq`}`g'

cjT `g VuD e`z`g aoo}mib u`n ``g

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zog ``g enkmon,mptig`ttt`}zid`ttq}o,

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to}à t`}zid`t. kpqtkp}dige `g ig,

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k a` mà}ibjtak`ntq`nnige`g goo} ``g

ke`} gizòp q` qinn`g' Aoq aiq onn`t gke

`q gkaie` oog vikgi`}tu`}h z`}eq.

mnibhq u`n piq a` ogi`} uoo}kv cjT `g

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mptig`ttt`}zid`ttq}oqèi` m`goa`}`g'

A` opq`p}t zog a` uiq` vov`}. Vin

J`}tq g Qkgy Jinivvkg` ont }`tv`dqi`,

z`nibh DK `g `tò}d Zid` V}`tia`gq

go`gt cjT `g Do}n`t i}a #logo,

eige Ai}`dqk}) `g A`}`h Tovv`g`na

#Ai}`dqk}) go`gt VuD. gk``g `q

r`njt ``g „gi`pu` m`goa`}ige zog `qogoe`g zog enkmon tkp}dige“'

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ìe`g }`tò}d `g ka`nn`g piq k` a`

`zknpqi` zog enkmon,mptig`ttt`}zid`t

ig `q mòn`g zog mà}ibjt}`tpnqooq

``jq vnooqte`zkga`g' Qkvogoe`}t

tqoog kga`} a}ph k oe}`tti`j q` m`,

uè`g ig pg o}hq. oo} itt`g zooh

`q hoviqoon k m`noge}ibh` v}kd`tt`g

q` kgquihh`n`g k a`r` mùèige`g

q` kga`}tq`pg`g' g z``n zkk}m``na`goga`n`g mà}ibjtjpgdqi t e`ëtkn``}a g

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v}km``}q q` igz`tq`}`g ig ovvnidoqi`t.

rkga`} ``g nigh q` oh`g `q kv`}o,

qi`t. o}h`qige `g oga`}` m`noge}ibh`

jpgdqi`t' Kv oga`}` k`gq`g jkdpt,

t`g jpgdqi`t rid q` z``n kv pg ìe`g

kv`}oqikg`n` `jdi`gdy. ig vnooqt zog



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 35

enKon t`}zid`t ~ zoh

kv pg miba}oe` oog m}à`}` mà}ibjt,

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c,k}eogitoqi` ai` m`tnpiq v}kd`tt`g

q` kpqtkp}d`g `g aoo}`` oaigitq}o,

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oog u`}`nauiba kv`}`}`ga` pgiqt'

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hktq`g `g z`}m`q`}a` mà}ibjtv}kd`t,

t`g q` mòn`g. hi`tq a` kz`}e}kq`

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d`tzkn ig `q n`z`}`g zog zkk}a``n oog

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nooq ri`g aoq a`r` igiqioqi`z`g ig a`

``tq` tiqpoqi`t gi`q miba}oe`g oog a`

tq}oqèitd` ak`n`g zog k}eogitoqi`t'

Piq kga`}rk`h kga`} 44: k}eogitoqi`t

mnibhq aoq 11 v}kd`gq zog `g pg ig,

kpt` dovodiqìq`g z`}iga`}q q`g

moq` zog to}à t`}zid`t #09 v}kd`gq)

`g kpqtkp}dige #54 v}kd`gq)' Uogg``}

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rib uoo}tdibgnibh kvgi`pu a`r`nja`jkpq`g' Piq oga`} kga`}rk`h mnibhq go,

`nibh aoq 1: v}kd`gq zog a` k}eogi,

toqi`t ``n `jj`dqi`j it eù``tq ig `q

e`m}pih zog kpqtkp}dige ont qkkn k

kv`}oqikg`n` hktq`g q`}pe q` a}ige`g.

oo} oga`}` m`noge}ibh` zkk}a`n`g ont

q}ogtjk}oqi`. gi`pu` q`dgknkei`èg

`g iggkzoqi` mnibz`g aoo} z`} mib odq`}'

lkGa TQ]QEK}eogitoqi`t k`q`g rid zkne`gt a`

uiq` vov`} }idq`g kv onieg`gq zog

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zog igz`tq`}ige`g `g `q `}tdih,

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`sq`}g` t`}zid`v}kzia`}t ig màuoge

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qèitd` ak`n`g kv`}oqikgonit`}`g'

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bo}`gvnog aoq a` ``tq piqaoe`ga`

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qkq tqoga m}`ge`g zog e`ro`gnibh`

mà}ibjtv}kd`tt`g' K a`r` z`}oga`,

}ige`g q` z`}tg`nn`g. e`m}pih`g a`r`

mà}ibz`g a` `jmkk ig `dkgkitd`to}à t`}zid`t `g }`noqi`t `q a`}a`

vo}qib`g' Aoq ak`g r` k v}kd`tt`g q`

z`}m`q`}`g `g o}mìathktq`g q` z`},

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m`noge}ibh` z`}oga`}ige ig a}ibjz`}`g

zkk} kpqtkp}dige' A`r` it ig a` ke`g

zog a` td}ibz`}t tyvqkoqitd zkk}

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q`g gke tq`àt pg hktq`g }àpd`}`g.

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k`q nìa`g qkq ``g e}kq`}` kv`}oqik,

g`n` `jj`dqiziqìq' Aiq tq`nq `g kga`}

``} ig tqooq k qè`k`q q` hk`g

oog a` tq`àt dkvn`s`}` u`}`nauib,

a` }è`ne`zige'

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kpqtkp}dige' Aiq it mè}ibv`nibh. rk m`,qke`g a` opq`p}t' U`nh` kqi`z`g `g

k}eogitoqi` kkh ``jq mib `q ko},

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rib oog k`q zknak`g it a` m`tvo}ige

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zkk} kpqtkp}dige. rèq aoq rib i`} `j,

j`dqi`j ig it' loo} aoq it kkh uoo} `q

ekà` gi`put tqkvq' Uogq a` }`tq zog

a` mòona` zkk}a`n`g it }`noqi`j m`,

tdìa`g q` gk``g' Rkont a` uiq`

vov`} `q r`nj m`td}ibjq2 „Mib `q `zo,

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gi`pu` m`tnpiq`g kv `q e`mià zog

q`dgknkei`èg `g mà}ibjtv}kd`tt`g.z`}roga`g k}eogitoqi`t ig ``g `g,

e`nk`t zog kge`dkú}aig``}a`. tpm,

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`g to}à t`}zid`t uoo} pg z`}tdin,

n`ga` kga`}a`n`g rid oog `mm`g e`,

dkiqq``}a'“ c`q ogoe`g zog gi`q

z`}mkga`g to}à t`}zid`t. m`tqooga`

kpqtkp}digetdkgq}odq`g `q ``g m`,

v`}hq` `siminiqìq `g e}kq` t`}zid`v}k,

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aoo}k ``g e}kq` piqaoeige eùk}a`g'

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kaoq `q a` to`gu`}hige akk} `q

e``n` `dktytq`` zog `q mà}ibj z`},

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akk} kpqtkp}dige. `q z`}tdin riq `

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onieg`gq ig a` k}eogitoqi`'

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kaoq ib `}ig tnooea` ``g to}à,

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06 v}kd`gq q`}pe q` a}ige`g `g kg,

a`}qptt`g u`}`nauiba` dkvniogdy q`

z`}ke`g g iggkzoqi`z` m`tq ig dnott ,

N`pg gI`Q Q` Z``N KVKge`DKú]AIg``]A`cyM]IA` TQ]OQèI èg




33 k k



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 39

kvnkttige`g zkk} onn` mptig`ttpgiqt

q` n`z`}`g' Qiba`gt aoq v}kd`t z`}og,

a`}a` a` to}à,t`}zid`tjpgdqi` zog

``g k}eogitoqi` ai` àù`}h`}t

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v`g ig hktq`g qkq `g k}eogitoqi` uoo}

a` m`tq` àù`}h`}t zog `q mà}ibj

uina`g u`}h`g' g onnòon kaoq a`

k}eogitoqi` ``g oogqkkgmo}` qkè`,

zkèa` uoo}a` ``jq zkk} a` mà}ibjt,

ak`n`g `g àù`}h`}t kga`}a``n

uinn`g ribg zog a`r` z`}oga`}ige'

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gitoqi` ig a` e`rkgaìatrk}e' `dkg,

j}kgq``}a `q e}kq`. akk} a` kz`}ìa

ooge`m}odq` z`}oga`}ige`g ig }è`n,

e`zige. tq`na` rib rid q`g ak`n ``g in,

bo}a `p}k q` m`tvo}`g kv oaigitq}oqi`,

z` piqeoz`g' K aiq q` mù`}htq`nnie`g.

}kna` rib ``g j}oùk}h piq k jpgdqi,kg`n` kv`}oqikg`n` tink’t q` auige`g qkq

to`gu`}hige oog aiq ak`n' c`q e`zkne

i`}zog uot aoq a` ighkkvjpgdqi` gi`q

noge`} k`ja` q` mà`n`g mib kv`}o,

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kv`}oqikg`n` `g Q,k}eogitoqi`t e`,

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pg vk}qjknik’t `g }oaidon` iggkzoqi`t

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h`g zog tq}oqèitd` ak`n`g zog ``g

k}eogitoqi` z`}tg`nn`g' „Kgeòdq

a` m}ogd` uoo}ig ``g k}eogito,

qi` u`}hq. a` tv`di`h` tq}oqèitd`

ak`n`g kj a` iè}o}di` `g tq}pdqpp}

uoo}ig z`}ogqukk}a`nibhà`g ribg

kga`}e`m}odq. k`q a` q}ogtjk},

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td}ibz`}t' K aiq tpdd`tzkn q` m`,

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`q bpitq` ka`n'

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tq` k`q a` a}iz`} ribg zog `q ``}tq`'

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k}a`}t. mibhk`ga` m`tnittige`g `g

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rid zkk}qap}`ga hpgg`g oogvott`g

oog z`}oga`}`ga` o}hq`g' Kgaoght

onn` igtvoggige`g k q` ogqidiv`}`g kv

a` m`gkaieaà`g zkk} tdoonmoo},

ìa. piqm}ìamoo}ìa `g `siminiqìq

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tvoggige ai` `q z`}eq k a` enkmon,

mptig`tttq}oqèi` kvgi`pu piq q` nib,

g`g. k`q`g `s`dpqiz`t `sim`n ribg'

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ib ruo}q ri`q' A` uoo}ìa it zkne`gt

`q }ovvk}q aoq a` ``tq` k}eogi,

toqi`t q` uìgie zog pg }`tkp}d`t

`g igtvoggige`g e`m}pih`g k q`

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zog iggkzoqi`' Kkh kv ``g oga`} znoh

a}ooeq ``g kv`g `g ``}nibh` mnih goo}

a` ìe`g k}eogitoqi` mib oog ``g tpd,

d`tzknn` piqzk`}ige zog enkmon,mpti,

g`ttt`}zid`t' A` ivn``gqoqi` `g

piqzk`}ige zog ``g enkmon,mptig`tt,

t`}zid`ttq}oqèi` m}`geq kge`quib,

j`na `q gkaie` oog v}kmn``g `q

rid ``' `g oogm`z`nige it k `q

z}kèqibaie m`h`gaoh`g zog v}k,mn``g ig a` k}eogitoqi` q` m`nkg`g'

Aiq zkk}hkq go`nibh aoq a` v}kmn`,

`g e}kq`} uk}a`g' `g kv`g dpnqpp}

uoo}ig qòt h`}gkk}roh`g ogonyt`,

}`g `g m`tq v}odqid`t a`n`g. hog ``g

e}kq` tqipnogt m`q`h`g`g'

GGGEkà e`vnoga` g piqe`zk`}a` enkmon,

mptig`ttt`}zid`ttq}oqèi`èg eoog

gi`q kz`} éég godq ibt' `tq}oga` vk,

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z``n kki kv pg zk}h g``g. hk`g

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ak`n`g q` m`}ìh`g it aog kkh }ònit,

qitd q` gk``g' kz`}gogd` g``q

i`}ig ``g m`noge}ibh` vktiqi` ig' c`q

z`}h}ibe`g zog `g bpitq` is zog tq}o,

qèitd a`gh`g. kv`}oqikg`n` jkdpt g

zoo}aieà`g `g }`noqiògoe``gq

ig ``g ekz`}gogd`qò it aoo}k m`,

von`ga zkk} tpdd`t' `ri`g `q qibavoa

zog `q vnog m`q`h`gq aiq kkh aoq `q

m`kpa`g zog aiq qò ``g rk}ezpnai,e` mnih kv do}}iã}`ke`nibhà`g ig,

kpaq. `z`gont `q mià`g zog gi`pu`

ke`nibhà`g zkk} e`huonid``}a`

àù`}h`}t'

ie`go}`g zog mptig`ttv}kd`tt`g

ai` pg z`gak}t kgzknak`ga` ogo,

e`g ribg ``g e`zoo} zkk} z``n enkmon,

mptig`tttq}oqèi`èg' kz`}gogd`k},

eogitoqi`t ribg e``g izk}`g qk}`gt' Rib

k`q`g ojauige`g aoq mptig`tt pgiqt

t`}zid`v}kzia`}t dkgtitq`gq `g m`,

q}kpumoo} ogoe`g' A` uiq` vov`}m`tnpiq `q ``g m}à`} qò. oo}

a`r` it a`tongi`qqìg zog qk`vottige'

Nìa`}tdov it kgkgqm``}nibh zkk} tpd,

d`tzknn` tq}oqèi`. oo} z`}oga`}ige

kpaq gi`q kv mib `q ogoe``gq'

làù`}h`}t k`q`g tq`àt ``}

z`}q}kpu`g kv pg z`ghgi`èg ig z`},

tdinn`ga` mà}ibz`g k gi`pu` tq}o,

qèi`èg q` kgquihh`n`g. v}kmn``g kv

q` nktt`g g to`g q` u`}h`g'

Z`]OgA`]Ige cKpAQgI`Q KV MIb c`QLOgOe`L`gQ

enKon t`}zid`t ~ zoh



@`g dkgg`dqà `gq`}v}it` ak`q z``n l``} aog tn`dcqt c`qklo}l`g zog pgijà dkllpgidoqikgt' Dkllpgidoqi` `gtol`gu`}higeqkknt ribg `gh`n ``g a``n zog ``g qkqoon,dkgd`vq aoq gi`pu` #a}ooankr`) g`qu`}hq`dcgknkei`èg.kgnig` dkllpgiqi`t. dnkpa dklvpqige. `g ``g oaovqi`z`.tdcoonmo}` o}dciq`dqpp} klzoq' Z`}mkga`g k}eogitoqi`tc`mm`g onqiba `g kz`}on qkèoge qkq igk}loqi`. v}kd`tt`g`g l`gt`g ig ``g lkgaion` dkgq`sq' R`nt kz`} k}eogito,qiè}`gr`g c``g'

V`}tV`dqi`j

Aiq boo}dkge}`t ovv`nn``}q gk}l oog a` it`g zog a`r` qiba

a` DIK ai` onn`t zogpiq c`q m}à`}` v`}tv`dqi`j ri`q. a` m`ck`

q` c``q kl z`}a`} q` hibh`g aog a` q}oaiqikg`n` `g,kv,``g}`noqi`t l`q n`z`}ogdi`}t. g roh`g uin ak`g l`q dkgtk}qio migg`g iggkzoqi`z` `dktytq`l`g. uoo}mib ià`}``g r’g ìe`gkga`}tdcìa`ga uoo}a` igm}`geq' Dkgg`dqà @gq`}v}it`2``g aoe noge h`ggita`n`g kv c`q e`mià zog dkgg`dqiziqy.

dnkpa. dovodiqy. dkllpgidoqikg. dknnomk}oqikg * dcoge /N``t l``}2 uuu'boo}dkge}`t,dkgg`dqà,`gq`}v}it`'gn

Boo}dkge}`t

Dkgg`dqà@gq`}v}it`

=6?=

=1 ov}in =6?=2



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 9?

ogbo A`hcpibr`g ~ dknpLg

Kv ?1 t`vq`m`} =6?? ``jq a` zkk}ri`gige`g}`dq`} zog a` `dqmogh A`g cooe

piqtv}ooh eàoog ig `q hk}q eàige aoq Tdknq`g uoq`} oa ooge`tvogg`g qè`g

kz`}ìatigtqogqi` oti=6?6 #p}kv`t` ogm`tqàige To`gu`}hige DQ)' gr`q

zog `q hk}q eàige zk}a` `q dnptq`} U`}hvn`hh`g. aoq kga`}a``n piqoohq zog

a` kz`}ìatoogm`tqàige oti=6?6 q`} uoo}a` zog =0 inbk`g `p}k' oti=6?6

oa m`tnkq`g a`r` kva}odq q` epgg`g oog Q,n`z`}ogdi`} Jpbiqtp' g hk}q eàige

ìtq` Tdknq`g uoq`} aoq a` }`dq`} a` epggige zog `q dnptq`} U`}hvn`hh`g oog

Jpbiqtp kge`naie z`}hnoo}q `g z`}rkdq rib qkq `}oogm`tqàige'

Tdknq`g uoq`} uot kz`}ie`gt gi`q a` `gie` ai` `g hk}q eàige oogtvoga` q`,

e`g oti=6?6' Kkh A`nn tvoga` `g hk}q eàige oog' iga opeptqpt m`tnkkq A`nn

oj q` ri`g zog `q hk}q eàige kuinn` zog `q m`kpa`g zog `g –ekà` }`noqi`

`q a` igitq`}i`t’' Tdknq`g uoq`} aoo}`gqè`g i`na zk`q mib tqph `g r`qq` a`

}`dqtrooh akk}'

g `q hk}q eàige hkq Tdknq`} uoq`} `q jk}t` m`tdpnaieige`g oog `q

oa}`t zog Jpbiqtp' Rk mù``}a` Tdknq`g uoq`} aoq a` roh`nibh` N=6Q,4 NA,

aitvnoykgiqk} ai` Jpbiqtp oa ooge`mka`g gi`q m`tdihmoo} rkp ribg' Zog a`r`

kgiqk} rkp tn`dqt `g –dkgtp`gq`gz`}ti ’ m`tqoog ai` gi`q `gt e`tdihq

rkp ribg zkk} roh`nibh e`m}pih' Zkne`gt Tdknq`g uoq`} ``jq Jpbiqtp a`r` kgi,

qk} aog kkh z`}rkgg`g'

Tdknq`g uoq`} tq`na` aoo}gootq aoq Jpbiqtp oo} oogmka ``jq e`mot``}a kv

a` z`}h``}a` v}ibtnibtq' Jpbiqtp ogq``}q ``g qu``qon v}ibtnibtq`g' oti=6?6 z}ooeqk ``g kv`gmo}` v}ibtnibtq. uoq g``}hkq kv ``g Gà`}nogat` v}ibtnibtq' Zkne`gt

Tdknq`g uoq`} ``jq Jpbiqtp `dq`} oo} oogmka gi`q e`mot``}a kv a` kv`gmo}`

#n``t2 Gà`}nogat`) nibtq. oo} kv oo} p}kv`t` — epgtqie`}` — v}ibtnibtq' A`r`

nooqtq` it gi`q kv`gmoo}. onapt Tdknq`g uoq`}' Zkne`gt Tdknq`g uoq`} it a`

igeài`ga` nibtq „kv ribg rodqtq e`rèa eògivpn``}a“' Zkne`gt Tdknq`g uoq`}

ai`ga` Jpbiqtp oo} igqè}iqìq oog q` qkg`g ig }`dq`'

Jpbiqtp kgqh`ga` onn` m`tdpnaieige`g zog Tdknq`g uoq`}' Rib tq`na` aoq gi`q

onn` v}kapdq`g kgnig` tqoog. uoq z`}hnoo}q uoo}k a` kgiqk} gi`q kv igq`}g`q q`

ziga`g it' Zkne`gt Jpbiqtp it Tdknq`g uoq`} tn`dqt piq kv ``g `}oogm`tqàige'

Kv ?1 t`vq`m`} ``jq a` zkk}ri`gige`g}`dq`} piqtv}ooh eàoog ig a`r`

rooh' g `q hk}q eàige oohq a` }`dq`} hk}q` `qq`g `q a` o}ep`gq`g

zog Tdknq`g uoq`}' l`q a`r` kva}odq zkk} a` U`}hvn`hh`g. ``jq Jpbiqtp

qu`` e}kq` kva}odq`g oog a` ooh e`tnoe`g' `}a`} epga` a` M`notqigeai`gtqJpbiqtp `g e}kq` kva}odq. uoq igkpaq aoq Jpbiqtp a` ighkkv zog tkjquo}` oe

}è`n`g'

Uoq Tdknq`g uoq`} m`q}`jq. ai` zitq odq`} `q g`q' Tdknq`g uoq`} ron rid

u`n odq`} a` k}`g h}omm`g gp rku`n oti=6?6 ont a` }`dq`} zkk}mib ribg eèoog

oog oo} m`ruo}`g' littdi`g uot a` m`tnittige zog A`nn k oj q` ri`g zog `q

hk}q eàige `nòon gi`q rk’g tn`dq ia`` eù``tq zkk} Tdknq`g uoq`}'

oti=6?6 uigq

hk}q eàige qè`gTdcknq`g uoq`}

ogbo a`hcpibr`g k d kk kd m Um m l iq,

kkd' r k d k kkl kk,

d. iq,dkd. iq,. dklld. ,dklld dy'



@z@gqhon@ga@} =6?=

Ig =6?= rpnn`g a` hkl`ga` `z`gqt

eoog vnooqtziga`g8?4 l2

Oggpon Dkgj`}`gd` Igjk}loqikg

Logoe`l`gq=5 l2

DIK Aig`}tcku * Qilli`t=4 v2

Oggpon Dkgj`}`gd` IQ Q}ogtjk}loqikg=1 v2

Oggpon Dkgj`}`gd` Dkgg`dqà

@gq`}v}it`?3 bp2

V}`,dkgj`} gd` * ZIV Aig`} Oggpon

Dkgj`}`gd` Tq}oqèid Tkp}dige?9 bp2

Oggpon Dkgj`}`gd`Tq}oqèid Tkp}dige

?= k`lm`2

V}`,dkgj`} gd` * ZIV Aig`} DIK Aoy?4 k`lm`2

DIK Aoy?4 `d`lm`2

KL Aig`}tcku * Qklli`t

L@aio hon@ga@} =6?=

Qc`lo’t DIK Loeorig` =6?=

g' ? iq * ztk

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon =6 bogpo}i

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl ?0 j`m}po}ig' = iq * Dkllpdk

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon ?6 loo}q

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl ?0 ov}ing' 4 iq * Jd`

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon ?3 lì

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl ?0 bpgig' 1 iq * q`dckkey

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon =6 bpniz`}tdcibgigetaoqpl ?0 opeptqpt

g' 0' DiK,ay Tv`d

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon 5 t`vq`lm`}z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl ? khqkm`}

g' : iq * Mpt`ttoogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon ?: gkz`lm`}

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl ?0 a`d`lm`}

Qc`lo’t QIQL =6?=

g' ? iq * ikk

Tv`d2 lkmy

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon =5 bogpo}i

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl =3 j`m}po}ig' = odc`dp`

Tv`d2 apl le`l`

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon 46 loo}q

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl 46 ov}ing' 4 Mpt`tt * iq

Tv`d2 Vkb`dt * vkjkkt

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon ? bpgiz`}tdcibgigetaoqpl 46 bpgi

g' 1 Dkp dklvpe

Tv`d2 Tkd l`

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon 4 opeptqpt

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl 46 opeptqptg' 0 ijklk ve

* le`l`

Tv`d2 Cpl Dv

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon =3 t`vq`lm`}

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl 46 khqkm`}g' : oydt * Mi

Tv`d2 Vkd`tle`l`

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon ?: gkz`lm`}z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl ?0 a`d`lm`}

g' 5 Bmk`

ijklk q`t =6?4

oogn`z }aoqpl loq`}ioon ?3 bogpo}i

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl =3 j`m}po}i

Qc`lo’t Kpqtkp}d` Loeorig` =6?=

g'? Tkpde * k`

tv`d2 g`tcke

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon ?5 j`m}po}

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl ?0 loo}qg' = Ekm Tkpde

tv`d2 Kjjtcke

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon =6 ov}in

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl ?0 lìg' 4 Tèd Tkpde

tv`d2 hdkd,kptkpde

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon ?0 bpgiz`}tdcibgigetaoqpl ?0 bpni

g' 1 Mpt`tt Vkd`tt Kptkpde

tv`d2 C}L,kptkpde

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon ?5 opeptqp

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl ?0 t`vq`lm`}g' 0 }è`

tv`d2 o`t,kptkpde

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon ?3 khqkm`}z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl ?0 gkz`lm`}

g' : Tkpde dklv``d`t

tv`d2 Vkdp`l`

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon ?: gkz`lm`

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl ?0 a`d`lm`}g' 5 Kptkpd` Ler`

Bmk` =6?4

oogn`z`}aoqpl loq`}ioon ? a`d`lm`}

z`}tdcibgigetaoqpl 46 bogpo}i



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 94

hnogqdKgqodq ~ jk]pL

kà hnogq`g

hnoe`g gi`q]ih M}ktuibh itai}d} LooaItk}di mib Qn’Q}oi

Uoq it `} qkd oog a`

oga `q mà}ibz`g

ai` pg hnogq`g a`

v`}j`dq` t`}zid` m`,

nkz`g oo} kga`},

qptt`g aiq d}pdion` mà}ibjtv}kd`t rk

ekàhkkv ke`nibh uinn`g piqzk`}`g;

t aoq pg ogi`} k hnogq`g t`}i,

`pt q` g``g; `d`gq kga`}rk`h nooq

ri`g aoq oo} ni`jtq :6 v}kd`gq zog

a` Gà`}nogat` mà}ibz`g mib a` oj,

oga`nige zog hnogqdkgqodq gke onqibav}ioi} tqpp}q kv e`tv}`htqiba `g `j,

di`gdy' ck`rk a` hnogq ig éég h``}

ekà `nv`g; Hktq`g m`tvo}`g. aoo}

eooq `q k/ A`r` jkdpt ``jq `}qk`

e`nìa aoq z``n mà}ibz`g a` oje`nkv`g

bo}`g hkr`g zkk} kjjtk}ige. `q piq,

m`tqà`g zog odqiziqìq`g oog noga`g

`q noe` o}mìathktq`g' Aoq a` huo,

niqìq `g hnogqq`z}à`gìa aoo}akk}

kga`} a}ph hk`g q` tqoog uk}aq

tq`àt ``} apia`nibh' `g e}kkq a``n

zog a` hnogq`g e``jq oog uìgie z`},

q}kpu`g ig a` ai`gtqz`}n`gige q` `m,m`g' Aoo}gootq it 30 v}kd`gq zog a`

mà}ibz`g ai` odqiziqìq`g piqm`tqà`g

oog oga`}` noga`g gi`q q`z}à`g kz`}

a` }`tpnqoq`g' Aoq hkq zkk}on akk}

a` `sq}o nkeitqi`h` hktq`g. a` qoon, `g

dpnqpp}v}kmn``g'

Piqm`tqà`g zog hnogqdkgqodq uk}aq

zooh q`g kg}`dq` e`ri`g ont ekàhkkv'

} kgqtqoog jkpq`g ig hnogqigjk}oqi`.

eòohq` ojtv}oh`g hk`g gi`q ekà

akk} kj `} it itdkpgidoqi` akk}

dpnqpp}z`}tdinn`g' nt ``g hnogq a`

kìq` g``q k q` hnoe`g hog a` jkpqu`nnidq gke `}tq`na uk}a`g' loo}

tq`àt zoh`} uk}a`g gèoqi`z` `}zo,

}ige`g zio tkdion` àio a` u`}`na ig

e`tnige`}a' c`q it one```g m`h`ga

aoq a` `gige zog ``g –e`m}pih`}’ zkk}

hnogq`g z``n ruoo}a`} u`èq aog }`,

dno`' loo} kga`}qptt`g e`z`g u`

i`} u`n z``n e`na oog piq' dq`}oj rk`,

h`g u` ru`q`ga `q u`m oj goo} gèo,

qi`z` `}zo}ige`g ig a` kkv a` hnogq zio

onn`}nì ap}` }`q`gqiòdqi`t u``} q`}pe

q` uigg`g #uib mià`g p a` v`}j`dq` t`},

zid`/)' Piqìga`nibh uk}a`g ``} hktq`geòohq aog kk}tv}kgh`nibh e`vnoga'

l``} aog a` `njq zog a` mà}ibz`g m`,

ooq aoq a` hktq`g z``n ke`} piqzonn`g

aog zkk}oj u`}a eàodq'

} nibhq ``g z`}oga`}ige kv oga`g'

Kga`}rk`h zog co}}it gq`}odqiz`

#`q rke`gooa` Dptqk`} sv`}i,

`gd` vodq `vk}q) uibtq piq aoq 3:

v}kd`gq zog a` dkgtp`gq`g e``g

roh`g ``} ak`q `q ``g k}eogitoqi`

zoguè` ``g gèoqi`z` hnogq`}zo,

}ige' Kga`} a}ph zog a`r` kgq`z}à`g

hnogq`g mèigg`g mà}ibz`g ig q` ri`g

aoq `q oga`}t k`q' gh`n` mà}ib,

z`g on`g `q hnogqdkgqodq q`}pe goo}

`q noga zog kk}tv}kge' g `}iho.

oo} kkh tq`àt zoh`} ig Gà`}noga.

ribg on `g oogqon e`}`gk``}a` m`,

a}ibz`g kz`}tqoe — rkont Q*Q. A`nn `g

PT i}uoyt — `g mèigg`g nogeroo,

oog `q –modhtk}ige’' M`tvo}ige`g

zog ?0 v}kd`gq ribg e``g piqrkga`,}ige' liga`} `}tq`nhktq`g. nkyon`}`

hnogq`g. iga`} o}h`qigee`na piq,

e`z`g k gi`pu` hnogq`g q` u`}z`g'

K}eogitoqi`t eoog u``} m`t`jj`g aoq

hnogqdkgqodq `q –hnkvv`ga o}q’ zog

a` kga`}gìge it' Aiq hpg b` m`q`}

gi`q kz`}noq`g oog vo}qib`g kv — n`q,

q`}nibh `g epp}nibh — q` e}kq` ojtqoga'

ckpa aiq aidqmib `g rk}e `}zkk} aoq b`

`sv`}qit` `g h`ggit r`nj ig pit `mq

k hnogq`g kvqioon q` mài`g`g' Vk,

tiqi`z` kga,qkq,kga}`dno` it zog

kgtdoqmo}` uoo}a` ig a` z`}roaieaò}hq`g uoo}ig z``n mà}ibz`g kv`}`,

}`g' Hnogq`g uinn`g rid eùoo}a``}a

zk`n`g `g gi`q `q ia`` `mm`g aoq r`

uk}a`g oje`td``vq' „R` z`}tqoog

` u`n oo} r` mè}ibv`g ` gi`q“. it

``g z``ne`kk}a` hnodq' A` hnogq ig

éég h``} ekà `nv`g n`z`}q kv noge`

q`}ibg z``n ``} kv aog a` hk}q`,

q`}ibgm`tvo}ige zog ``g ekàhkkv

e`tv}`h' Uogq ekà` hnogq`g hnoe`g

gi`q… ai` eoog goo} ``g oga`}'

HNOgQDKgQODQIT c`Q HNKVV`gA cO]Q



91 k k

zoh ~ dKgq}odqige

piQm`tQÀ`g LK`Q tg`nn`} `g AK`nLoQie`}

–Ji}tqqi`}ieq’

Q`tq2 n zog `} qq g ]oyg ig`}t

C``jq `g k}eogitoqi` `gloon `g mptig`ttdot` zkk} kpqtkp}dige. aog it c`q zog m`noge kl a` aòn rkznkq lke`nibh. loo} rk}ezpnaie. q` tnpiq`g g rk tg`n lke`nibh a` }`z`gp`g migg`g q` con`g' A` v}ohqibh

uibtq piq aoq a` v`}ika` zog c`q epgg`g zog ``g kpqtkp}dige tq`àt noge`} uk}aq' Uoo}kl gi`q tq}`z`g

goo} c`q m`con`g zog ``g kvqiloon }`tpnqooq ig ``g rk dklvodq lke`nibh qibatm`tq`h; Kvqiloon zkk} a`

piqm`tqà`}. loo} kkh zkk} a` a``ng`l`ga` n`z`}ogdi`}t. ai` tg`n apia`nibhcìa uinn`g `g cpg igz`tq`,

}igethktq`g m`c``}tmoo} uinn`g ckpa`g' C`q uk}aq qiba zkk} –}tq,qil`,}iecq’ kpqtkp}dige' Aiq o}qih`n

eooq ig kv a` z}ooe ck` piqm`tqàige`g tg`nn`} `g ak`nloqie`} qkq tqoga hpgg`g hkl`g'



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 90

dKgq}odqige ~ zoh

I

g dkgkitd kgr`h`}` qiba`g qk`qtq `g k}eogitoqi` on,

n`}``}tq a` } idqige2 –Uoo} eoog uib goo}qk`; A` ekà`

hogq kv;’ Aoo}go uk}aq a` k}eogitoqi` r`nj zog qkv qkq

q``g kga`} `q z`}e}kkqenot e`vnooqtq' Vott`g onn` od,

qiziqìq`g g uoq it a` qkè`zkèa` uoo}a` zog a`r` od,

qiziqìq`g ig `q e```n; Mib odqiziqìq`g ai` gi`q qkq a` h`}g,qoh`g m`k}`g. ak`q rid a` z}ooe zkk} kj a` k}eogitoqi` ai`

r`nj k`q mnibz`g piqzk`}`g' R`h`} ont ``g odqiziqìq m`q`} kj

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Q`tq2 ]n i``}t. Bg m`òg g E`}o} uib`}t



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = 99

A

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A`logAlogoe`l`gq ~ zoh



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zoh ~ KjjtcK}ige

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g`g `gh`n` looga`g dklvn``q gi`pu` m`notqigetytq`l`g ig kv Mkgoi}`. Tigq @ptqoqipt `g Tomo'

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zog gr` }òdqi`

kjjtk}ige goo} Dp}oåok



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ?64

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`g aoq `} gi`pu` q`dgknkei` k`tq

hk`g'

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a` ivn``gqoqi`t ak`q' g Mò}ige,

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ig nh noga q`} u`}`na hpgg`g uk}a`ge`ëlvn`l`gq``}a'

KgT QÒL MèIgQ’T KDcQ`gAT `gA]OOeQ c`Q U`]HcONZ`]Uè` A` AOeKZ`] OOg Dp]OåOK



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zoh ~ KjjtcK}ige



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ?60

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qò kga`} nìaige zog DK Aog Zo,

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doT` ~ q}ogtiqi`

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zog u`q, `g }è`ne`zige. z`}rol`nq a` Gà`}nogat` Rk}eopqk}iqìq #GRo) noga`nibh eè`z`gt zog

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q}odq' Kgnoget u`}a a` kz`}eoge oje`}kga zog zkk}lonie vo}qg`} Dove`ligi goo} ``g dklmigoqi`

zog Gkm`n `g Tke`qi'

zog gr` }òdqi`



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ?65

q}ogtiqi` ~ doT`

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IgJK]LOQI`Z`]U`]HIge

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TKp]DIge

doT` ~ q}ogtiqi`



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ?69

}èi` ~ zoh

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Q`tq2 ht nèq `g a`ggit l`gtig



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kz`} a` igdia`gq`g zog eitq`}`g'“

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onn`t hog }è`n`g8 a` hnogq`g k`z`g

apt r`nj e``g `gt`g ig q` p}`g `g

``g jom}i`h kj mà}ibj q` tqo} q`g' „Tqov

zkk} tqov z`}e}kq`g r` pg m`noge'R` hpgg`g go z`}nkkv zog qiba m`tnpi,

q`g u`n r`nj ``g jom}i`h q` mèigg`g

`g ogoe`}t ig q` p}`g' U` `nv`g

r` aoo} kv ``g q}ogtvo}ogq` ogi`}

``' U` q}oig`g ``g oogqon bo}`g

`gt`g ai` pg u`}hg``}t hpgg`g

uk}a`g `g u` rk}e`g zkk} ``g ekà`

}`noqi` `q a` kz`}ìa' Rk `nv`g

u` hnìg`}` igaptq}ièn` mà}ibz`g aià` Dig`t` o}hq kv uinn`g. uoq z``n

iga`} }itidk zkk} pg igz`tq`}ige m`,

q`h`gq' Gk` `q ``g rodq` nogaige

ig Digo“. rèq Tonek'

E]k ZhQ jDigo hog gi`q mnibz`g e}kì`g ig `q

piaie` q`vk. tq`nq Tonek' „Uoq a`

tg`nìa zog a` z`}q}oeige m`voonq.

it *A `g iggkzoqi`' A` mà}ibz`g ai`

z`}hkv`g kv a` nkhon` o}hq`g e}kì,

`g u`nituoo} ``n tg`n. oo} onn``g ig

pg ie`g o}hq' loo} kv `q k`gq

aoq r` a` `n` Dig`t` o}hq ig og,

a`g `mm`g. k`q`g r` kz`} a` e}`g,

r`g' g aoq it uoo} `q kvkpaq' nt

r` ig mpiq`gnogat` o}hq`g tpdd`t

uinn`g `mm`g. k`q`g r` `q gi`p,

u` v}kapdq`g. gi`pu` dkgd`vq`g `g

gi`pu` ia``èg hk`g' g ai` `mm`g

r` gi`q' c`q n``pu`ga``n zog a` Di,

g`t` mà}ibz`g ak`q oog dkvy * votq`

zog uoq r` `na`}t ig a` u`}`na ri`g'

Aoq it ekà zkk} Digo `g r` zonn`g `}

z}ibu`n giòga `` notqie uogq a`Dig`r`g rkpa`g `q e`na gi`q `mm`g

k a` kk}tv}kgh`nibh` `}ho}qih`n`g

q` hpgg`g hkv`g'“

cpu T pQRkGa]GEg Gà`}noga it k`gq``n cpouì

#tv}``h piq2 duo,uã. a` d ont –rod,

q` e’) }e odqi`j' Aoq mà}ibj it on quigqie

boo} kpa `g uot zibjq i`g boo} e`nà`g

gi`q ``} aog ``g hnìg` aitq}impq`p}

zog q`n`dk`piv`gq ig Digo' „Gp

``jq cpouì =6 v}kd`gq zog a` q`,

n`dko}hq u`}`nauiba' c`q it pgziti` k kv `nh` z}ooe –bo’ q` rèe`g

`g aoo}go q` eoog goa`gh`g k` `q

q` }ònit`}`g' R` hpgg`g n`pg`g kv

e}kq` kz`}ìatmpae`qq`g `g eoog

aog e`}idq oog `q u`}h' Rk uk}a`g

r` iggkzoqi`j `g d}`è}`g r` gi`pu`

dkgd`vq`g' loo} r` ribg ``g piqrkga`,

}ige ig Digo' Aoo} uin Digo i`qt oog

ak`g akk} a` hk`ga` quoonj boo} zibj,

qie mà}ibz`g zog `q honim`} cpouì q`

d}`è}`g“. m`tnpiq Tonek'

KjjtcK}ige ~ gi`puT

moogz`}ni`tIg Ol`}iho it l`g kv`gnibh moge zkk}c`q z`}auibg`g zog z``n mog`g goo}Dcigo' Aoq e`naq kkh zkk} Gà`}noga`g It}oèn' Mè}ibv`nibh. zigaq Tconek'„Loo} a` u`}`na uin aoo} v}kapd`}`guoo} a` hktq`g c`q nooetq ribg' A` dkg,dp}}`gqi` ak`q c`q kkh `g ont b` ont m`,a}ibj aoo}ig gi`q l`èooq. m`g b` tg`nkpq kj mptig`tt' Apt ôj b` votq b` oog.ôj b` }oohq kv q`}libg onn` mog`g zog

b` mà}ibj huibq“. tq`nq cib' „Gà`}nogalk`q ridc }ònit`}`g aoq a` qkè`,zkèa` uoo}a` zog cpg mà}ibz`g nieqig dkgd`vq. kgqu`}v. geig``}ige g a`

hgkucku — loo} gi`q ig a` v}kapdqi`r`nj' Aoq nooqtq` ak`g r` ig Dcigo m`q`}`g ekàhkv`} — `g a` }`tq zog a` u`,}`na riq `} kkh on' @} riq gke ``g e}kkqzkk}a``n oog2 ont b` ig Dcigo v}kap,d``}q. c`m b` kkh a` lke`nibhcìa klkv ai` lo}hq q` eoog z`}hkv`g. uoo},l`` b` a` uigtqe`z`gacìa zog c`qGà`}nogat` mà}ibj z`}e}kkq — `g c`qmà}ibj }àq'“Tconek uin gi`q rèe`g aoq onn` v}k,apdqi`mà}ibz`g q`} u`}`na goo} Dcigolk`q`g eoog. loo} aoq onn` mà}ib,

z`g. kkh a` hnìg`}`. ``g u`}`nauiba`tq}oqèi` lk`q`g kgquihh`n`g' „B`hpgq e``g tq}oqèi` l``} c`mm`g ai`kvckpaq mib a` e`l``gqè}`gt kj a`nogae}`gr`g. kj gi`q z`}a`} hibh`g aogM`neiè. J}ogh}ibh `g Apiqtnoga' Uogq`}e`gt oga`}t ig a` u`}`na uk}a`ga`r`nja` v}kapdq`g e`loohq g Oriè it``g z`n` lon`g e}kq`}` lo}hq' Aoo},kl uk}a b` e`dkgj}kgq``}a l`q ruo}`dkgdp}}`gqi` zogpiq a` c`n` u`}`na —uogq a` u`}`na it vnoq'“

„ONN` MÀ]IbZ`g.KKH A` HNÌg`]`.

LK`Q`g `g U`]`NA,UIbA` TQ]OQèIKgQUIHH`N`g“



??1 k k

zoh ~ KjjtcK}ige

tKe`Qi,Ai}`DQ`p} b`}K`g z`}tQ`è2

„c`q mè}iv

kjjtck}` eooq

z`}auibg`g“

@} it z``n td`vtit ig a` lo}hq ont c`q kl kpqtkp}dige aog u`n kjjtck}ige eooq' Aoq it a` l`gige

zog B`}k`g Z`}tq`è. one`l``g ai}`dq`p} Tke`qi Gà`}noga' Loo} a` qè`gtqoga`}t `g quibj`noo}t

zk`}`g ``g odcq`}ckàè`z`dcq' „Kz`} ``g voo} boo} it c`q mè}iv kjjtck}` z`}au`g`g“. l``gq cib'

„Uogq `nh qòl zog ``g idq,ai`gtqz`}n`g`} klzoq aog làù`}h`}t ai` ig ``g oga`} noga u`}h`g

`g ukg`g' Aoq it ``g `dkgklitdc` u`qloqiecìa'“

Q`tq2 Q`t ln`goo}



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ??0

KjjtcK}ige ~ zoh

Ig `q znièqpie zog Gù A`nigoo} lpmoi ak`q Z`}tq`è ribg

z`}oon' U` ribg kv uè goo} `q

hogqkk} zog Tke`qi ig a` tqoa ai`

zkk} gkz`m`} ?99: gke Mkmoy

``qq`' A` tqoa ai` e`naq ont `q dpn,

qp}`n` `g dk`}dièn` o}q zog gaio'

Tke`qi ``jq `} on ``g hnìg` qi`g boo}

``g ìe`g z`tqieige zkk} `q kgquih,

h`n`g `g q`tq`g zog tkjquo}`'

Uoo}k lpmoi `g gi`q ``g hogqkk}

ig Moge`nk}` #uoo} qon zog `}i,

hoogt` Q,e}kkqodq`g ribg g``},

e`tq}`h`g) kj gaio’t kkjatqoa Gù

A`ni; „nn` e}kq` mogh`g. a` m`noge,

}ibhtq` m`p}t `g qkkgooge`z`ga` pgi,

z`}tiqìq`g `g ke`tdkn`g ribg e`,

z`tqiea ig lpmoi' Mknnyukka it ``g

mè}iv `g qè`gukk}aie hkq mib nt

oh`g ``n uoq Q hibh`g' A` tqoa q`nq

kge`z``} r`z`gqi`g inbk`g igukg`}t

`g ``jq. mònz` z`n`g ai` kga`} `q

m`tqoogtigip n`z`g `g gopu`,

nibht hpgg`g n`r`g kj td}ibz`g. kkh

r``} e`qon`gq``}a` Q’`}t' Boo}nibht

hk`g `} e`huonid``}a` `geig``}tkv a` o}mìato}hq' Mkz`gai`g nieq

`q }à`nibh d`gq}oon q`g kvridq` zog

Gà`}noga' } ribg ekà` z`}migaige`g

`q kgt noga `g oga`}` a`n`g zog g,

aio' Aoo}k `mm`g uib a`tqibat zkk}

a`r` `q}kvkkn e`hkr`g'“

u]auBa kGp]]GQAoq Tke`qi qk`g a` tq`z`g }idqige g,

aio u`gaa`. it zkne`gt ` ``g `dk,

gkitd` u`qoqieìa' „Tkjquo}`

kgquihh`n`g `g q`tq`g it ``g o}mìat,

`g h`ggitigq`gti`j u`}h' c`q nkkg nieqaoo} qi`gqonn`g v}kd`gq`g noe`} aog

i`}' g goqpp}nibh tqibeq `q nkkg aoo}

kkh `gietrigt. oo} `q mnibjq onqiba

gke z``n noe`} aog ig Gà`}noga' Mk,

z`gai`g `mm`g uib ig kgt noga `q

z`}e}ibrige q` oh`g `g ``g a}ìe`ga

q`hk}q oog e`huonid``}a` `gt`g'

Ai` aoo} u`n }pitdkkqt zkk}oga`g

ribg'“

loo} `} hkq gke i`qt mib hibh`g2 „nt

uib igtd}ibz`g kv v}kb`dq`g ig Gà`},

noga `g oga`}` p}kv`t` noga`g. aogk`q`g u` `q ig qk`g``ga` oq`

kvg``g qè`g gaiot` e}kkqmà}ib,

z`g ont gjktyt. cDN. Uiv}k `g lo,

iga}o Toqyo' Uib `mm`g u`n ``g

gaiot` –vkkq’ gkaie k kgt tqooga` q`

kpa`g kv a` o}hq'“

Z`}tq`è z`}q`nq aoq a` gaiot` `gqi,

qìq zog Tke`qi ``g r`njtqogaie` kg,

a`}gìge it `q ``g ìe`g –v}kq *

nktt’,z`}ogqukk}a`nibhìa' Uoq gi`q

uèg``q aoq a` z`}u`z`gìa zog

a` qu`` k}eogitoqi`t `}e tq`}h it' „h

v}km``} i`} igtq`gt ``g h``} v`}

boo} q` ribg“. rèq ib' „c`q v`}tkkgnibh`

dkgqodq it `}e m`noge}ibh' Qptt`gakk}

kpa b` goqpp}nibh zk`nige `q `nhoo}

zio zia`kz`}eoa`}tytq``g. ,oin g

a`}e`nibh`. oo} r` tq`nn`g `q r``} kv

v}ibt aoq b` b` e`ridq nooq ri`g' Mkz`g,

ai`g ziga ih `q m`noge}ibh k q` ri`g

`g q` `}zo}`g k` gaio rid kgquih,

h`nq' Aoq hog onn``g akk} i`} q` ribg.

zog qiba qkq qiba'“

Akk} a` r`njtqogaie` tq}pdqpp} it

Tke`qi gaio mèkgg`g a` nkhon` o}hqq` mù`}h`g' Aiq z`}h``}q kz`}ie`gt

gke ig ``g v}in tqoaip' M`noge}ibh`

uov`gjìq`g ribg `} gke gi`q q` `n,

a`g' loo} aiq it u`n `g kgmàk`na j,

j`dq zog a` kjjtk}igemùèige zogpiq

Gà`}noga goo} gaio' ckù`n a` `dk,

gki` zog gaio a` nooqtq` bo}`g ig,

a}phu`hh`ga` e}kìdibj`}t nooq ri`g.

it a` Q,o}hq `} gke hnìg' gq`}g`q

tqooq `} gke ig a` higa`}tdk`g`g.

Uigakut SV it `q kz`}``}t`ga`

vnoqjk} mib a` gaiot` mà}ibz`g `g

kz`}ìatk}eog`g ai` u` m`rk`h`g'

Ga] hGQ k hBhGAoq Tke`qi ``g a``n zog ribg u`}h nooq

piqzk`}`g ig gaio. it gi`q zkk} onn`

DK’t ``g zogr`njtv}`h`gaìa' „}

it gke z``n td`vtit kz`} kjjtk}ige“.

tq`nq Z`}tq`è' „Mib a` kz`}ìa it `q

``g e`zk`nie kga`}u`}v' } ribg kkh

DK’t ai` rid gi`q `q kgr` mà}ibjt,

zk`}ige uinn`g m`kì`g `g ni`z`} a`

oga`}` hogq kvhibh`g8 rib uinn`g `q

c`r z}ib` qib;U` ribg kv m`rk`h mib c`q U`nnige,ho} Igtqiqpq` kj Logoe`l`gq A`z`n,kvl`gq oga ]`tò}dc ig Lplmoi'

@`g zog a` m`noge}ibhtq` mptig`tttdckknt ig Igaio' Onn``g a` –ykpge`tqoga m}iecq`tq’ nphq c`q a` kvnìaigeq` lke`g zkne`g' R` hkl`g zog c``nIgaio ci`}goo}qk` e`tq}kkla' @`ge}k`v v}kj`ttk}`g `g tqpa`gq`gtqooq kgt e}ooe q` ukk}a' A` bkge`}`gu`q`g ridc ekà q` v}`t`gq`}`g8 ri`gridcr`nj ont ``g l`}h aoq r` lk`q`gz`}hkv`g kv a` o}mìatlo}hq' @nh

boo} tqpa`}`g `} rk’g 406'666 bkge`,}`g oj zog a` pgiz`}tiqìq`g' A` c`njqit kv a` ``}tq` aoe on u`}hnkkt. uogq

rk z``n u`}h it `} gkp kkh u``} gi`qig Igaio' Co}a u`}h`g. l`q ekà` dib,j`}t ojtqpa`}`g `g ``g ekà g`qu`}hkvmkpu`g ribg a` m`noge}ibhtq` ig,e}àiègq`g zog a` tqpa`gq`g kl ooga` o}lkà`zon. ai` kz`}on ig Igaiologij`tq it. q` kgqtgovv`g'Go okkv zog c`q kjdièn` eà``nq`gke `z`g oog ``g e}k`vb` tqpa`g,q`g e`z}ooea uoq r` ig cpg z}ib` qibaak`g' R` hibh`g gi`q,mè}ibv`ga' Ck`,rk z}ib` qiba;

B`}`g Z`}tq`è. on e```g i }`dq`} Te`qiG``}nog2 „ zig `q `noge}ib q` ri`g`g q` `}zo}`g ` gio rid gqi`nq'“




??: k k

loi. ``n zog ` e m}oo'



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ??5

gi`q u`q`g' Aoo} tqooq qè`gkz`} aoqa` gi`pu` e`g`}oqi` DK’t. q`g kvrid,

q` zog qi`g boo} e`nà`g. z``n m`tqpp},

nibh`} `g roh`nibh`} ooghibhq qè`g Q'“

cib z`}q`nq aoq Tke`qi onqiba `q e`,

`gea` qòt u`}hq' A` iaòn`

z`}kpaige it zkne`gt ` quigqie

v}kd`gq nkhoon `g qodqie v}kd`gq ig

lpmoi' „g a` nkkv a`} bo}`g `m,

m`g u` e`n``}a aoq b` éég qò kv `g

v}kb`dq r`q' nt b` ``g qò ig gaio

`g ``gqb` ig Gà`}noga zkk} `qr`nj,

a` v}kb`dq ig}idq. aog it aoq gi`q `}e

`dkgkitd. uogq aog `m ``g apm,

m`n` kz`}òa vnpt ``g e}kq`}` hogt

kv dkpgidoqi`tqk}ige`g' Aoo}mib

k`q b` `} kkh zkk} uoh`g aoq b` a`

m`q}khh`g`g piqaoe`ga u`}h miàq `g

z``n r`njtqogaieìa' c`q eooq jkpq ont

b` zogpiq Gà`}noga a`ghq aoq b` pg

a` u`q hpgq zkk}td}ibz`g' nh v}k,

b`dq it ``g e`ro`gnibh` igtvoggige'

g ai` rig it `q m`noge zog gaio zkk}

kgt mibrkga`} e}kkq' Kjjtk}` it ``g

tqogaoo}akga`}a``n zog kgt mà}ibjt,

v}kd`t8 piqìga`nibh v}ooq b` `nòongi`q ``} kz`} kjjtk}`' Aoq mè}iv

ron eùkkg z`}auibg`g'“

lkm TTke`qi ``jq `}zkk} e`hkr`g a` kgq,

uihh`nige zog kmi`n` ovvnidoqi`t

e```n ig gaio q` noq`g vnooqtziga`g'

ckù`n kmi`n igq`}g`q gp gke gop,

u`nibht ``g }kn tv``nq ig `q aoe`nibht

n`z`g ig gaio. it a` z`}uodqige aoq

aiq — `q a` goa`}`ga` hktq zog 1,

g`qu`}h`g — tg`n ron z`}oga`}`g' Gp

on ribg `} 31: inbk`g gaiè}t `q ``gkmi`n` q`n`jkkg `g `} hk`g `} `nh`

ooga ?6 qkq ?0 inbk`g mib' Kaoq `}

gopu`nibht tv}oh` it zog ``g g`qu`}h

zkk} zotq` q`n`jkgi`8 ai` igz`tq`}ige`g

uk}a`g kz`}e`tnoe`g `g onn`t eooq ig

`q kmi`n` g`qu`}h riqq`g' Z`}tq`è

ri`q i`} ``g `gk}` e}kìo}hq zkk}

Tke`qi gaio `q `g tvig,kjj goo} G`,

a`}noga. kaoq a` ovvt ai` aoo} uk},

a`g kgquihh`na kkh igq`}`ttogq hpg,

g`g ribg zkk} Gà`}nogat` hnogq`g'

g `q enkàgi`pu` hogqkk} zog Tke`qi

gaio #kv 3 bpni =6?? e`kv`ga akk} Vopn

c`}`nig. DK zog Doveìgi. `q

kà`}mà}ibj zog Tke`qi) z`}q`nq a`

DK zog a` gaiot` z`tqieige aoq kga`}

`q v`}tkg``n ``g kv}k`v it eàoog

k `q a` kkitq` ovvt q` hk`g'

ci`}piq ribg qon zog ia``èg zkk}qe`hk,

`g ai` uk}a`g zkk}e`nèa oog vk,

q`gqièn` hnogq`g' „c`q v}kmn`` it.“ rk

rèq Z`}tq`è. „aoq ``n z``n mà}ibz`g

mib kgt hk`g `q a` `naige aoq r`

–``g ovv’ uinn`g `mm`g8 uogq ià`},

``g ``jq qè`gukk}aie q`gtnkqq` ``g

ovv' nt b` aog z}ooeq uoq r` `}``

uinn`g ak`g. zonq zooh ``g ai`v` tqinq`'

A` ``tq` qiba ai` uib tqkvv`g ig `qkgquihh`n`g `g ivn``gq`}`g zog

``g ovv riq ` ig `q `à`gh`g `q

``g k}eogitoqi` kz`} gpq `g zk} zog

a` q` kgquihh`n`g ovv' og `q kgq,

uihh`nu`}h r`nj z`}ai`g`g u` gi`q rk

z``n8 kgr` kr`q riq zkk}on ig `q oa,

zi`tu`}h'“

g gaio it. ig kva}odq zog `q DQP.

a` –`}tq` Ho`},ovv’ kgquihh`na'

ci`}`` hpgg`g a` Ho`}nà`g pg

aktti`}t r`nj m``}`g `g m`tvoo}q a`

`}tq` Ho`} `gk} kv a` vovi`}, `g

hk`}i`}hktq`g' „Zoguè` ai` m`tvo,}ige it `} z``n m`nogetq`nnige mib og,

a`}` kz`}ìatigtqogqi`t zkk} a`r`

ovv“. z`}q`nq Z`}tq`è' „U` a`gh`g

aoo} ig Gà`}noga e}ooe kz`} `` `g

u` noq`g a` ovv hpgaie `g m`qoonmoo}

kgquihh`n`g ig gaio'“

Q`pt Lkn`goo} it j}``nogd` bkp}gonitq'

og oiqi`t e``ge`}`Gottdkl tqooq oog a` uiè zog a`MVK,igaptq}i` #mptig`tt,v}kd`tt,kpqtkp}dige) ig Igaio' Aiq it ``g m`,noge`gk}eogitoqi` ai` it kve`}idcq

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Klaoq dkgtpl`gq`g a` loq` zog q`z}à`gcìa noq`g oj,coge`g zog a` uodcqqiba ribg ligitq`} Z`}coe`g `g a` miba` gi`pu` Hnogq`gt`}zid` Jà`}oqi` ooge`tnkq`g `g`},ei`mà}ibz`g `g q`n`dklv}kzia`}t kz`}``ge`hkl`g aoq

r` ``g nkek eoog zk`}`g `g dkgtpl`gq`g zio cpg u`mtiqìgjk}loqi` kz`} a` e`liaa`na` uodcqqiba`g zkk} q`n`jkkg,qb`t e`z`g' Vpmnidoqi` zog a`r` igaidoqk} uk}aq ont ``g``}tq` tqov e`ri`g' oq`} lk`q`g `} l``} v}`tqoqiè`,e`z`gt l`q a` mpiq`gu`}`na e`dkllpgid``}a uk}a`g'Rk uin a` Jà`}oqi` `} kkh zkk} rk}e`g aoq `} ``g pgiz`},t`n` l``ql`qcka` hklq zkk} hnogqq`z}à`gcìa' Ligitq`}Z`}coe`g nooq a` q`pe`nt gi`q c`n`loon zi`}`g' Zkne`ga

boo} hklq `} kvgi`pu ``g tkk}qe`nibh kga`}rk`h goo} a`hnogqq`z}à`gcìa' Kkh eooq c`q Ligitq`}i` zog @*I kg,a`}rk`h`g kj c`q q`dcgitdc coonmoo} it a` uodcqqiba mib6966,gpll`}t e}oqit q` loh`g'

Tv`dion ~ hnogqdKgqodqKpqtKp}dige



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ?=?

lo}hqz`},uodqige`g

Uoq ont =6?= u``} ``g

boo} zog d}itit uk}aq;Go jodiniqoi}` ai`g,

tq`g it `q z`}rk}e`g

zog `q hnogqdkg,

qodq `q qu`à` akìg uoo}ig ig `q

piaie` `dkgkitd notqie` hniooq

td`}v ige`hkdq uk}aq' Dkgq}odq`g

uoo}mib n`z`}ogdi`}t kga`} a` hktq,

v}ibt mià`g ribg e``g piqrkga`}ige'

Qkd it aiq tkk}q ekàhkkv ``tqon

app}hkkv' l`q oga`}` tni` ige}`,

v`g zonq z``n ``} q` m`tvo}`g'

g z``n k}eogitoqi`t ``jq hktq`gm`,

tvo}ige u``} `sq}o oogaodq e`h}`,

e`g gp a` `p}kd}itit zoq ``jq e`h}`,

e`g kv a` dkgki`' Aoq ``jq kkh ribg

u``}tnoe kv a` piqm`tqàigeto}hq

zkk} hnogqdkgqodq' „B` ri`q aoq ighkkv

mkz`g kv `q tnpiq`g zog dkgq}odq`g riq

`g hìo}a kga`}oga`nq kv v}ibt. q`},

uibn rk’g tqojoja`nige zooh tv`di`h`

akìgh`ggit kgqm``}q ai` gkaie it

k ``g ekà dkgq}odq q` hpgg`g tnpi,

q`g“. z`}q`nq ggì`h zog lkk}tq.

vo}qg`} zog `q ig hnogqdkgqodqtkp},dige e`tv`dionit``}a` oazi`tmp}òp

Qkq`,' „nt `} onn``g oo} kv hktq`g

e`tqpp}a uk}aq. h}ibe b` a` piaie` ti,

qpoqi` aoq n`z`}ogdi`}t `nhoo} rk m`,

dkgdp}}`}`g aoq r` kga`} a` hktqv}ibt

eoog u`}h`g' Rk’g u`}huibr` kz`}n``j

b` ont n`z`}ogdi`} onn``g oo} ont b` kv

``g oga`}` ogi`} oog `q dkgq}odq

hpgq z`}ai`g`g' Aoq m`q`h`gq aoq ià`}

uittùotb` mpiq`g `q dkgq}odq `q,

``g ig }`h`gige uk}aq e`m}odq' Aoq it

piqìga`nibh jpg`tq zkk} a` }`noqi` `q

a` kva}odqe`z`}' `g oga`}` kvqiìt m`hgimm`n`g kv `q oogqon qònì,

a`}t `g àù`}h`}t' Aoq ``jq ``g

ai}`dq` u``}tnoe kv a` huoniqìq zog

`q hnogqdkgqodq'“

Qkd eoog a` ``tq` mà}ibz`g zkk}mib

oog ``g tni` ige}``v k a` hktq,

v}ibt zog `q hnogqdkgqodq q` z`}no,

e`g. q`}uibn a` huoniqìq `} gi`q kga`}

q` niba`g k`jq q` `mm`g' „Mà}ibz`g

hpgg`g z``n e`na kv `q hnogqdkgqodq

a` m`n`zige `g a` GVT e``j q oog ig u`nh` oq` hnogq`g m`,

}ìa ribg `q v}kapdq kj a` ai`gtq oog q` m`z`n`g mib joini`

`g z}i`ga`g' c`q it ekà aoq `q dkgz`gogq zog mà}ibz`g

z}ooeq k q}ogtvo}ogq`} q` ribg goo} pg hnogq`g kz`} a`

huoniqìq zog a` ai`gtqz`}n`gige' Aiq it ``g kki` ``}tq`

tqov `g u` kv`g aoq aiq z`}a`} akk}r`q'“

Qkd ribg `} m`voona` h`pr`t ig a` piqm`tqàigetv}oh,

qibh ai` vpmnidoqi` zog a` uodqqiba zkk} mà}ibz`g qkq ``g

z`gibgie a`qoin oh`g. aoq notqie q` }ònit`}`g it' Rk ri` b`

}è`noqie ig a` o}hq aoq kva}odqe`z`}t `}zkk} hi`r`g

k `q hnogqdkgqodq `q dkgtp`gq`g ai` ig pg ke`g ig,

a`} m`noge}ibh ribg. piq q` m`tqà`g' „nn``g `q dkgqodq `q

uoo}a`zknn` hnogq`g ak`g r` aog r`nj“. onapt Zog lkk}tq'

„Ri` ig rk’g tiqpoqi` oo} ``gt ``g eìaa`na` uodqqiba q`

vpmnid`}`g' Aoq uk}aq gke hgov notqie' Aog ron `q b` kkh

gi`q nphh`g k ig a` vot q` nkv`g `q aiq dkgz`gogq' Uoq b`

gke zooh ri`q. it aoq ig `q akìg zog `q hnogqdkgqodq zkk}kpqtkp}dige e`hkr`g uk}aq k ``g v}kmn`` kv q` nktt`g'

Aoq ron onn``g akk} piqm`tqàige gi`q z`}m`q`}`g. kaoq aiq

tkk}q mà}ibz`g ig a` }è`n pg igq`}g` v}kd`teoge gi`q

kv k}a` `mm`g' g `q dkgqodqd`gq`} it a` igjk}oqi` gi`q

zkk}oga`g uoo}`` donnd`gq`} oe`gqt ``g z}ooe ig éég

h``} hpgg`g kvnktt`g' Aoq ron mib piqm`tqàige ig rk’g tiqp,

oqi` gi`q oga`}t ribg'“

Gi`q r`na`g ``jq rk’g tpmkvqion` v}kd`teoge onn`t q`

oh`g `q a` ig`siminiqìq zog Q,tytq``g' „Rk uinn`g q`,

n`dkmà}ibz`g gke u`n ``gt qè`g notqie` a`qoint ig pg

jodqp}`}igettytq`` oognkv`g uoo}akk} d}pdion` hnogq,

igjk}oqi` gi`q zkk}oga`g it ig `q dkgqodqd`gq`} zog aài`gtqz`}n`g`}“. z`}zkneq Zog lkk}tq' „A` Q,oja`nige r`q b`

ont ``}tqzkne`ga` kv a` nibtq ai` e`knv`g uk}aq. oo} aoq

m`q`h`gq aoq b` on tg`n oga`}onj boo} z`}a`} m`gq' Aoq app}q

z``n q` noge. uoo}akk} a`r` oogvottige`g ig a` v}ohqibh mnib,

z`g niee`g' } it u`n ``g nibtq zog u`gt`g oo} `} e`m`p}q

ìe`gnibh giht ``' A` ``tq` mà}ibz`g g``g `q rid zkk}

k aoq q` ak`g oo} mèigg`g `} eùkkg gkkiq oog'“

„Kva}odcqe`z`}thi`r`g } }è`nloqiezkk} kl c`q hnogqdkgqodq

l`q –liga`} m`noge}ibh`’dkgtpl`gq`g piq q`m`tqà`g“

hnogqdKgqodqKpqtKp}dige ~ Tv`dion



?== k k

m`tvo}`g akk} q` igz`tq`}`g ig t`nj,

t`}zid`vk}qont“. z`}zkneq Zog lkk}tq'

„ci`} riq `g gk} m`tvo}igetvkq`g,

qi``n ig. r`h`} ont b` ig b` `}hv}k,

n`}ige hnogq`g ooge``jq aoq b` akk}

r`njpnv ig tqooq m`gq k a` v}ibt zog

b` v}kapdq`g `g ai`gtq`g nooe q` kp,

a`g' A` mptig`ttdot` zkk} a`r` z`},

gi`puige it z}ib ``gzkpaie' `g q`n`,

jkkgqb` goo} ``g donnd`gq`} ``jq ``g

hktqv}ibt ai` nieq qptt`g a` ?= g a` 16

`p}k ojogh`nibh zog a` z}ooe kj aiq q`,

n`jkkgqb` ai}`dq ojeòga`na hog uk},

a`g kj aoq `} gke `sq}o pnv gkaie itzogpiq a` modhkjd`' nt b` ``g huo}q

zog a` ? inbk`g q`n`jkkgqb`t kv boo},

motit hpgq z`}iba`g aog riq b` kv ``g

m`tvo}ige qptt`g a` 4 `g ?6 inbk`g

`p}k' Aoq it `g kkv e`na'“

Qkd it rk’g m`tvo}ige zio ``g pnqi,

dogg`nm`goa`}ige ig ``g piqm`tq`,

aigettiqpoqi` gi`q onqiba `z`g eòh,

h`nibh q` }ònit`}`g' „Aiq ``jq onn`t q`

oh`g `q a` ogi`} uoo}kv a` piq,

m`tqàigetdkgq}odq`g ige`}idq ribg“.

rèq Hoqbo zog U`n. t`gik} oazit`p}mib Qkq`,' „`g dkgqodqd`gq`}ogo,

e`} it `} gi`q onqiba mib e`mooq k `q

oogqon q`n`jkkgqb`t goo} `q donnd`gq`}

q` z`}iga`}`g' nt bib gi`q z`}ogq,

ukk}a`nibh m`gq zkk} a` r`njpnvvk}qon

oo} onn``g rèe`gtdov `mq kz`}

hnogqdkgqodq zio a` q`n`jkkg `g `,oin

aog it `} e``g `gh`n` a}ibjz``} k aiq

q` }àpd`}`g' nt b` ont kva}odqe`z`}

`q ``g v}ibt v`} hnogq uinq u`}h`g

aog it `q z`}tqogaie k a`r` t`njt`},

zid` kga`} q` m}`ge`g ig `q dkgq}odq'

Kva}odqe`z`} `g n`z`}ogdi`} rpnn`g

``n z``n kv`gìa k`q`g e`z`g `g

igjk}oqi` piquitt`n`g k rk’g u`m,ke`zige q` noq`g k}`}`g `g k a`

m`tvo}ige aooau`}h`nibh q` }ònit`,

}`g' g a` piqm`tqàigeto}hq uk}aq

on }pi ``g a`d`ggip goo} aiq tkk}q

dkgq}odq`g e`rkdq' Vpgq it aoq gi`q

onn``g mib a` n`z`}ogdi`}t oo} kkh

mib kva}odqe`z`}t m`noge}ibh` ittp`t

kve`nktq k`q`g uk}a`g' Rk m`zigaq

igjk}oqi` rid zooh ig tink’t' Kj uoq b`

kkh }è`noqie qè`ghkq. it aoq `q

piqeooga` m`nz`}h``} mib ``g oga`}`

n`z`}ogdi`} it kga`}e`m}odq aog `q

donnd`gq`} zkk} migg`ghk`ga` q`n`,

jkkgqb`t'“

QcpTu]hG`g oga`}` iggkzoqi` ai` a` o}hq

nogeroo oakvq``}q. it `q e`m}pih

zog qpitu`}hq`dgknkei`' „A` oe`gqtribg ``g akk}tnoee`z`ga` jodqk} ig a`

huoniqìq zog `q hnogqdkgqodq“. z`},

zkneq Zog U`n' „c`q it m`h`ga aoq b` ont

n`z`}ogdi`} `q m`q`}` oe`gqt hpgq

u`}h`g ont b` qpitu`}h`g kga`},

tq`pgq' `g n`z`}ogdi`} ai` aiq dkgd`vq

``jq piqeù`}hq it Zogoa. ai` qè`g

}`noqi`j noe` hktq`g `g ke` huoniqìq

hnogqdkgqodq hog mià`g' Qkd ri` b`

aoq oo} ``n uìgie kva}odqe`z`}t

`q aiq dkgd`vq oog a` tnoe ap}z`g

eoog zoguè` m`zìnieigetm`ruo}`g'

Rka}o a` igjk}oqi` zog hnogq`g uoo}

a` donn oe`gqt `` u`}h`g m`goa`},

moo} it zogpiq pit m`tqooq a` ogetq

aoq kkh kgm`zkèa`g mib a`r` igjk},

oqi` hpgg`g' Aoq e``jq kgq`}`dq `g

e}kkq e`zk`n zog kgzìnieìa. uogq

ig oga`}` t`dqk}`g `mm`g qon zog

mà}ibz`g. uoo}kga`} mibzkk}m``na

mogh`g. ig a` v}ohqibh noq`g ri`g aoq

m`tqooga` `g mù`r`g q`dgknkei`

igjk}oqi` ojak`ga` ojtd`}q'“

Kkh Tpz}oa``v Moqqodo}b``. ogonitq

mib kga`}rk`htmp}òp J}ktq * Tpnnizog.kga`}h`gq aoq `} gke a` gkaie` m`ruo,

}`g ribg q`g kvridq` zog a` kga`}tq`p,

gige zog qpitu`}h`g akk} ojg``}t'

cib zkk}ri`q aoq q`dgknkeitd` z`},

gi`puige`g a`r` m`ruo}`g tg`n piq a`

u`}`na rpnn`g `nv`g' Rk ribg `} gp on

tytq``g kv a` o}hq ai` opq`gqido,

qi` akk} tqè`npia kga`}tq`pg`g. rk,

aoq onn``g e`huonid``}a` oe`gqt `q

`q tytq`` kz`}uè hpgg`g'

gtnioqiÀkk} a` huohh`n`ga` `dkgkli` it`} ig a` lo}hq zkk} piqm`tqàige zogc`q hnogqdkgqodq ``g u`}`nauiba`dkgtkniaoqi`tnoe oog a` eoge z`}q`nqTpz}oa``v Mcoqqodco}b``. ogonitq mib

kga`}rk`htmp}òp J}ktq * Tpnnizog'„Ig a` M}iqt` lo}hq ribg `} aiq boo}`gh`n` e}kq` kz`}gol`t eù``tq'Rk c``jq Doviqo mibzkk}m``na m}og,dcè`gkkq Z`}q`s kve`hkdcq `g c``jqaiqr`nja` mà}ibj kkh a` hnogqdkgqodq,aiziti` Z`gqp}o zog }`qoindkgd`}gG`sq e`hkdcq' B` ri`q ci`} aoq e}kq`}òogmià`}t hnìg`}` mà}ibz`g kvhk,v`g' iqìga`nibh hklq aoq a` lo}hqzkk} hnogqdkgqodqpiqm`tqàige q`gekà`. klaoq a` huoniqìq klckkeeooq' A` hogt aoq aiq tkk}q oogmi`,

a`}t huoniqìqth`p}l`}h`g ont Dkvdkga`}tq`pg`g. it z``n e}kq`}. aoo},gootq c`mm`g rib zoh`} aog e`lia,a`na cpg cpnvliaa`n`g zkk} oe`gqtekà kv k}a`'“A` dkgtkniaoqi` eooq z`}a`} aog a`@ge`nttv}`h`ga` noga`g' Aiq zkk},

boo} u`}a a` e}kkqtq` kgojcogh`nibhài`gtqz`}n`g`} kv c`q e`mià zog dpt,qkl`}do}`,odqiziqìq`g ig a` M`g`nps.golid+CDG. kve`hkdcq akk} S`}ks,akdcq`}mà}ibj ODT'

„Uìgie kv,a}odcqe`z`}tap}z`g l`qqcpitu`}h`gaòe`gqt oog a`tnoe q eoog“

Tv`dion ~ hnogqdKgqodq,KpqtKp}dige



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ?=4

ton`t * lo}h`qige ~ jk]pL

Ribg ton`t `g

o}h`qige piqq m`tq a`g;Von Tdy. D`K zoo}tk}ma}ib Nzi9enkmon Tk}di'

Kpqtkp}dige it on `g oogqon

a`d`ggio ``g kvnkttige

zkk} k}eogitoqi`t k rid

``} q` hpgg`g dkgd`g,

q}`}`g kv pg h`}gqoh`g'

Aoo}gootq uk}a`g odqiziqìq`g e`kpq,

tkp}d`q zogpiq a` z`}kga`}tq`nnige aoq

e`tv`dionit``}a` mà}ibz`g aoq m`q`}

`g ekàhkv`} hpgg`g' M`q`}. kaoq

rib z``n ``} `}zo}ige `mm`g' kà,

hkv`}. kaoq a`r` mà}ibz`g v}kq`,

}`g zog zkk}a`n`g zog tdoone}kkqq``g+kj a` ke`nibhìa `mm`g k a`

odqiziqìq`g q` noq`g piqzk`}`g ig nog,

a`g uoo}ig a` nkkgdkvkg`gq ig,

a`} e}kkq it' Aiq m`q`h`gq kjjtk}`g

goo} noga`g ont gaio. a` Jinivibg`g `g

a`}e`nibh` kj gò}tk}`g goo} a` uoq

aidq`}mib e`nè`g noga`g ig D`gq}oon,

`g Kktq,p}kvo'

A` e`n``}a`g ribg `q `} on tigat boo}

`g aoe kz`} ``gt aoq `q go` a`

kga`}tq`pg`ga` v}kd`tt`g ig ``g k},

eogitoqi` rid n`g`g zkk} kpqtkp}dige

`g aog mib zkk}h`p} a` gi`q,mà}ibjt,h}iqitd`. kga`}tq`pg`ga` v}kd`tt`g

rkont a` doq`}ige `g a` tdkkgooh'

Aoo}go hk`g a` ``} h}iqitd` kg,

a`}tq`pg`ga` v}kd`tt`g' Aog `m,

m`g u` `q mibzkk}m``na kz`} a` Q,

kpqtkp}dige. uoo}mib z``non ``}tq

–e`èsv`}i`gq``}a’ uk}aq `q a`

igj}otq}pdqpp} `g ig qu`à` igtqogqi`

vot oog a` kpqtkp}dige zog `q ovvni,

doqi`nogatdov uk}aq eàodq' Aiq it

goqpp}nibh tvogg`ga`} kaoq ovvnido,

qi`t ``g,kv,``g e`}`noq``}a ribg oog

a` mà}ibjtv}kd`tt`g'

Kkh ri`g u` aoq ``} mà}ibjth}iqi,

td`. kga`}tq`pg`ga` v}kd`tt`g ont

Jigogd` * aigitq}oqikg `g c uk},

a`g piqm`tq`à. oo} aog `q go`

a` oaigitq}oqi`z` hogq'

A` z}ooe a}igeq rid kv2 it ton`t *

o}h`qige gp `g kga`}tq`pg`ga v}k,

d`t aoq rid n``gq zkk} kpqtkp}dige kj

``g v}ioi} v}kd`t aoq a` k}eogitoqi`

`dq r`nj q`} oga k`q g``g;Noq`g u` ``}tq ``gt hibh`g goo} a`

ton`tv}kd`tt`g8 ui` it gke gkkiq not,

qie e`zonn`g `q q`n`jkkgqb`t }kga

`q`gtqiba kj b` igq`}`tt` `mq ig ``g

oga`}` yvkq``h. `g`}ei`n`z`}og,

di`}. hom`noogtnpiqige. `q d`q`}o' c`q

vnè`g zog a`}e`nibh` q`n`jkkgqb`t it

zooh e`kpqtkp}d`q ig ``g mptig`tt,

qk,dkgtp`}ke`zige'

loo} kkh ``g mptig`tt,qk,mptig`tt,

ke`zige h`gq a`}e`nibh` odqiziqìq`g'

} ribg k}eogitoqi`t ai` go`gt bkpu

mà}ibj eoog m`nn`g `g b` piqìga`nibh``g tk}qnitq m`nkz`g zog k}eogi,

toqi`t ai` igq`}`tt` `mm`g ig bkpu

v}kapdq kj ai`gtq' h e`nkkj aoo} on,

nòon gi`q rk ig8 z`}hkkv it z`}q}kp,

u`g g z`}q}kpu`g u`hh`g hpg b` gi`q

kpqtkp}d`g' Aoq ogeq to`g `q b`

ia`gqiqìq. b` gk}`g `g uoo}a`g. b`

`gqkptiot`. `q d`q`}o' h ``g aoq

b` aoq ont mà}ibj onqiba ig ìe`g oga

k`q kpa`g. uin b` tpdd`tzkn ribg ig

ton`t'

g aog a` o}h`qige8 a}i` zog a` zi`}

V’t #go`nibh2 v}kapdq. v} ibt g vnooqt)

ribg gi`q q` kpqtkp}d`g' Aoo} hpg b`

u`n oazit`p}t zkk} igp}`g oo} a`

kga`}gìge ron rid r`nj k`q`g

m`riekpa`g `q m`tnpiqzk}ige `g

piqzk`}ige' g zkk} v}kkqi` e`naq

`qr`nja`8 rkp J}àay cìg`h`g kkiq

rk tpdd`tzkn ribg eù``tq ont ib gi`q

a` m`}kà` nod`ga` –`’ oa màodq

`g ``g tj``} zog `sdnptiziqìq }kgak

aiq mi`}`}h oa u`q`g q` d}`è}`g;

lo}h`qige `g ton`t piqm`tqà`g; Gi`q

ak`g apt/

U`n hpg b` mibzkk}m``na o}h`q ig,

q`nnie`gd` piqm`tqà`g oog a`}a`g'

Uoq ribg a` o}hqkgquihh`nige`g;.

uoq ak`g dkgdp}}`gq`g;. `q d`q`}o'

Aiq piqrk`hu`}h hog kkh kjjtk}` `g

gò}tk}` vnooqtziga`g kaoq igq`},

g`q `g o}qg`},}ovvk}q`g kz`}on q`}

u`}`na z`}h}ibemoo} ribg'

A` kve`n`z`}a` igjk}oqi` k`q z`},zkne`gt e`m}pihq uk}a`g zkk} o}h`,

qigeak`nìga`g ai` ig ibg ke`g akk}

k}eogitoqi`t r`nj k`q`g uk}a`g piq,

e`zk`}a'

Dkgdnpti`; Tpdd`tzknn` ton`t * o},

h`qige hkq piq a` ri`n zog `q mà}ibj'

c`q kpqtkp}d`g zog b` ri`n nieq gke m`,

voona gi`q zkk} a` oga/



?=1 k k

zoh ~ z`}ogA`}logoe`l`gq

C`q m`noge zoga` igjk}l`n`

k}eogitoqi` mibkpqtkp}dige

Mib kpqtkp}digetv}kd`tt`g nieq a` jkdpt zooh kv a` tq}pdqp}`n` hogq zog c`q v}kd`t. akk} a` ckg,

e`} goo} `jdiègqi` `g e}kì' Ci`}akk} z`}ni`r`g a` m`q}khh`g`g q` zooh a` igjk}l`n` hogq piq c`q

kke' Rk mnibjq c`q dpnqp}`n` z}ooetqph zooh mpiq`g a` aitdptti`. q`}uibn bpitq ai` dpnqpp} rk `tt`gqi,

``n it zkk} c`q tpdd`t zog piqm`tqà`g' Uoo}kl nphq c`q zooh gi`q kl c`q kpqtkp}d`g zog v}kd`t,

t`g tpdd`tzkn q` loh`g rkga`} goo} a` rodcq`}` jodqk}`g q` hibh`g;

Q`tq2 lo}qig Tdo`}t

v`}tKKgnibh` m`goA`}ige m`Q`h`gQ r`h`}cÀ`g nKtnoQ`g



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ?=0

z`}ogA`}logoe`l`gq ~ zoh

Kpqtkp}dige it on bo}`g odqp``n `g ron aoq goo}

ke` uoo}tdibgnibhìa ig a` qk`hktq kkh ribg'`}tq eige `q zkk}on k Q. gp tq`àt zoh`} k

oga`}` v}kd`tt`g d'' ai`gtq`g' Zkk} a` hnogq

it `q e`kpqtkp}d`q` v}kd`t e``g dk}`mptig`tt

oo} ``g rke`gooa yeièg`v}kd`t2 `q k`q eùkkg

ekà e`}è`na ribg rkga`} aoq `q q` z``n oogaodq z}ooeq'

dd`vqom`n` huoniqìq qè`g kvqion` hktq`g' Zkk} a` n`z`,

}ogdi`} eooq `q bpitq u`n k dk}`mptig`tt. `q it i`}t

`q m`tqoogt}`dq zog a` k}eogitoqi`' c`q mà}ibj k}eogi,

t``}q a` v}kd`tt`g }kgak –m`tq v}odqid`t’ `g kv`}oqikgon

`sd`nn`gd` g uin aoq dkgd}``q oog a` hnogq mùibr`g' ci`}ig

ribg ig a` oje`nkv`g qi`g boo} `gk}` tv}kge`g eòohq'

jtv}oh`g ribg to}q. dkgt`p`gqi`t zog `q gi`q gohk`g

zog v`}jk}ogdàk`n`g ribg m`h`ga' A` tq}pdqpp} tqooq `g

ià`}``g u``q uoo} ib oog qk` it'

R`h`} m`noge}ibh. oo} akk} q` e}kq` goa}ph kv a` tq}pd,

qp}`n` hogq zog kpqtkp}dige it `} kgzknak`ga` oogaodq

zkk} a` igjk}`n` hogq' g a` niq`}oqpp} kz`} kpqtkp}dige it

aoq q` ri`g' ppt A`n`g #oazi`tmp}òp Z`}akgdh. Hnkktq`}

`g ttkdioq`t) eoj on ig =661 a` r`t joonjodqk}`g `g a` zibj

tpdd`tjodqk}`g mib piqm`tqàige' A` tpdd`tjodqk}`g ribg2

``g ekà` jot`}ige. ``g vktiqi`z` mptig`ttdot` zkk} piqm`,

tqàige. ``g vktiqi`z` mptig`ttdot` zkk} igm`tqàige. kgq,

zn`dq`g zog a` v}kd`tt`g `g ekà kva}odqe`z`}tdov'

A` joonjodqk}`g ribg2 bp}iaitd. gogdi``n. kz`}a}odq zog

v`}tkg``n. kz`}a}odq zog iaa`n`g. z`}oga`}ige`g zkk}e`m}pih`}t `g v`}jk}ogdògoe``gq' n a`r` jodqk}`g

}idq`g rid kv a` o}a` hogq2 `q k`q ekà e`}è`na ribg'

Gjk]l k]EGTQ kGa]mcQ`g z`}e`nibhmoo} m``na it q` ri`g mib `q M}iqt` niogt M`tq

V}odqid`' A`r` k}eogitoqi` hkq `q 0= h}iqitd` tpdd`t,

jodqk}`g mib mptig`tt,v}kd`ttkpqtkp}dige #MVK) ai` ribg

z`}a``na ig zibj oogaodqte`mià`g2 dk`}di``n. v}kapdq+

o}hq. tq}oqèitd. dpnqp}``n `g kv`}oqikg``n' c`q dpnqp,

}`n` otv`dq uk}aq u`n e`gkà oo} mnibjq ig a` piqu`}hige

kga`}m`nidq' } uk}aq q` uìgie ``g }`noqi` e`nèa `q a`

rodq`}` jodqk}`g. ai` hìo}a ribg ont `q eooq k tpdd`t,

zkn kpqtkp}d`g'`g tiv`n zkk}m``na' `g mogh it kgq`z}à`g kz`} a` oj,

oga`nige zog ighkkvjodqp}`g' Kv boo}motit uk}a`g }pi

éég inbk`g jodqp}`g jyti`h kgqzoge`g `g z`}u`}hq' c`q

it zkk} a` mogh m`noge}ibh aoq a` jodqp}`g zknnàie `g bpitq

uk}a`g z`}u`}hq `g aoq a` hktq`g q` ziga`g ribg ig a` kz`},

ridq`g zkk} oo} ogoe`}t' `g yeièg`v}kd`t. `q rkp

eùkkg ekà zkk} `nhoo} k`q`g ribg'

g a` v}ohqibh nooq a` huoniqìq zog a`r` v}kd`tt`g q` u`g,

t`g kz`} `g aiq it ``g zog a` }à`g`g k a` ojoga`nige

zog a` ighkkvjodqp}`g piq q` m`tqà`g oog ``g oddkpgqige,

kpt`' Mib `q piqm`tqà`g uk}a`g gi`q onn``g a` u`}h,

rooà`g kz`}eà}oe`g. kkh a` àù`}h`}t eoog ``

kz`}' c`q oddkpgqigekpt` ``jq a` roh`g ekà zkk} `nhoo}'

Aoq it ribg m`tqoogt}`dq' V}`tq`}`g `g v}kodqi`j eà}oe

riq ig a` e`g`g' A` kpa,moghàù`}h`}t z`}qkg`g ig,

a`} v}kodqi`j eà}oe `g ribg gi`q v}`tqoqiè`}idq' Kkh `m,

m`g r` zogpiq `q z`}nà`g gkkiq e`n``}a k ekà to`g

q` u`}h`g. kaoq tkniqoi} u`}h`g a` gk} uot migg`g a`

oja`nige' nt `q oddkpgqigekpt` a` moghàù`}h`}t

gi`q hog omtk}m`}`g ig ribg ie`g dpnqpp} ron a` piqm`tqàige

gkkiq tpdd`tzkn hpgg`g uk}a`g' Kkh on uk}a`g `} gi`pu`

v}kd`tt`g. v}kdàp}`t `g tytq``g ige`zk`}a. a` v}`tqo,

qi` ron gi`q z`}m`q`}`g'

Uoo}k gi`q; c`q ``jq e``g rig a` tq}pdqpp} q` z`}oga`,

}`g rkga`} kkh a` mibvott`ga` dpnqpp} q` z`}oga`}`g' U`

oh`g i`}mib `g kga`}tdìa qptt`g a` jk}`n` g a` ig,

jk}`n` k}eogitoqi`'

c`q kga`}tdìa qptt`g a` jk}`n` `g igjk}`n` k}eogi,toqi` uk}aq zooh apia`nibh eòohq akk} a` `qojkk} zog

a` ibtm`}e' Mkz`g uoq`} nieq a` ridqmo}` qkv' Aoq it `dq`}

oo} ``g ``n hnìg a``n zog a` `dq` ibtm`}e' c`q e}kkqtq`

a``n zog a` ibtm`}e nieq kga`} uoq`}' A` jk}`n` k}eogitoqi`

it a` qkv zog a` ibtm`}e' Kga`} uoq`} nieq a` kgridqmo}` ig,

jk}`n` k}eogitoqi`'

G`` `q zkk}m``na zog a` mogh' A` àù`}h`}t r`nj

`mm`g gi`q k a` kpqtkp}dige e`z}ooea' g `} uk}aq ``g

oga`}` u`}htqibn zog r` z`}uodq' Kkh aoo} `mm`g r` e``g

igm}`ge ig eòa'

ck` z}ooe b` àù`}h`}t ai` bo}`gnoge goo} zknn` q`z}`,

a`gìa kv ``g uoq iga`} v}kodqi`z` uibr` pg u`}h `m,

m`g eàoog aiq k q` r`qq`g ig `g r``} v}kodqi`z` ogi`};c`q eooq i`}mib k a` kga`}niee`ga` kvzoqqige`g zog `g,

t`g' Kga`}niee`ga` kvzoqqige`g oh`g aoq a` `g` v`}tkkg

ig a`r`nja` tiqpoqi` ``n oga`}t hog }òe`}`g aog a` oga`}`

v`}tkkg' nt i`} e``g oogaodq zkk} it aog nìaq aoq zooh

qkq kgeù`gtq` `jj`dq`g' g `noot. ``n zooh it i`}zkk}

kgzknak`ga` oogaodq'

kGQG]mE]GZooh it `} gke ``g oga`} v}kmn``' A` `n``gq`g zog a`

igjk}`n` k}eogitoqi` ai` uk}a`g e`gkà ribg tn`dqt

dkgqoig`}mè}ivv`g' B` hpgq `} gi`q rkz``n `` k a` ig,

A` rodcq`}` jodqk}`gribg hìco}a ont c`qeooq kl tpdd`tzknkpqtkp}d`g



?=: k k

jk}`n` k}eogitoqi` q` mè}ibv`g' Uoq zkk} a` éég ``g

tdkknzkk}m``na it zog ekà dkpgid`}`g it zkk} `g og,a`} kgmè}ibv`nibh' Huoniqìq zkk} a` g` àù`}h`} it i`qt

``n oga`}t aog huoniqìq zkk} a` oga`}` àù`}h`}' ci }

tv`n`g a` on ``}a`} e`gkà` kga`}niee`ga` kvzoqqige`g'

òga ai` ``g kga`}niee`ga` kvzoqqige ``jq ont2 –nt ih

``g jkpqb` ooh. aog a`pe ih gi`q’ ron `nh` hnpt v`}j`dq uin,

n`g ak`g' g gi`q }e kvtdi`q`g' g a` àù`}h`} ai` `g

kga`}niee`ga` kvzoqqige ``jq ont2 –h k`q u`n kvtdi`q`g.

oga`}t hk ih gi`q oog ibg oga`}` aige`g qk`’ h}ibeq ``}

oj' loo} it q`z}à`g `q ``g tqphb` iga`} v`}j`dqi` v`}

hnpt' Mìa` v`}tkg`g hk`g qkq ``g oga`}` igzpnnige zog

huoniqìq' nt i`} kgzknak`ga` oogaodq oog uk}aq m`tq`à

eooq `q v}kb`dq `} kge`quibj`na z``n notq zog h}ibe`g' Rk

kgqtqooq `} itdkpgidoqi`. uoq hog nìa`g qkq i}}iqoqi`t'

g ont u` aoo} gi`q ekà `` keoog. kgqtqooq u``}tqoga.

kj r`njt gke `}e`}'

} hpgg`g rid onqiba ivn``gqoqi`v}kmn``g zkk}ak`g

akk} rpnh` eùkkgq`g `g q}oaiqi`t migg`g ``g k}eogitoqi`,

dpnqpp}' Mùptq `g kgmùptq uk}aq akk} a` àù`}h`}t

z``n uoo}a` oog ai` dpnqpp} e``dq' nt b` aoo} ont nìaige,

e`z`ga` `q m`noge zog ri`q. hpg b` `q eà}oe migg`g ``g

qò m`q`} mè}ibv`g `g aiq q`z`gt m`ëgznkà`g' Gke ``g

voo} zkk}m``na`g zog aiq tkk}q tiqpoqi`t uoo}`` b` ont nì,

aigee`z`ga` q` oh`g hpgq h}ibe`g'

c`q v`g`}`g`nìlàù`}h`}t zog qò S ribg eù`ga k mib pg ogoe`}

`g dknnèo’t goo} migg`g q` tqovv`g k q` tvo}}`g. z}oe`g

q` tq`nn`g `q d`q`}o' Mib `q z`}pir`g goo} a` nkdoqi` zog

qò Y — ai` e}ooe `q a` ho`}a`p} aidq u`}h`g — hog

aoq zkk} tq}pmm`nige`g rk}e`g' nt a` a`p}`g ig``gt aidq

riqq`g. hog aiq ``g a}`v`n kvu`}v`g `g a` àù`}h`}t

``g pgìitd e`zk`n e`z`g' Aiq hog q`g hktq` eoog zog a`

–uib’,dpnqpp}'

ui` vo}``}q oo};Migg`g tkie` k}eogitoqi`t it `} ``g iè}o}di` oj q`

nìa`g piq ui` ribg opqk uoo} vo}h``}q' nt àù`}h`} Sig``gt ribg opqk vo}h``}q kv a` vn`h uoo} àù`}h`} Y

ribg opqk onqiba g``}r`q hog aiq nìa`g qkq i}} iqoqi`t' R`h`} mib

``g –``}a`}`’ kv a` noaa`}. kj mib ``g qò`m`} aoq `}

noge`} riq'

Z`}eo`}dnq}Qò S it eù`ga oog `nh` u``h `g qòkz`}nè zog qu``

pp}' Qò Y zigaq aiq ig`jdiègq8 éég h``} v`} ooga it ``}

aog zknak`ga`' Aiq z`}eq ojtqìge `g tqp}ige zog a` kg,

a`}niee`ga` kvzoqqige`g kz`} a` jdiègqi` zog kz`}nè' c`q

it ekà ke`nibh aoq qò S ai` g` h``} ig a` u``h kz`}nè

``jq kaoq rib uoo}a` `dq oog migaige zog `q qò `g

gi`q rkr``} kaoq `q `jdiègq rkp ribg'

Mkz`gtqooga` zkk}m``na`g nibh`g u`nnidq jpqi`n. oo} aiq

ribg mib piqtq`h zkk}m``na`g zog dpnqpp}mkqtige`g ai` z`},

eooga` e`zkne`g hpgg`g `mm`g zkk} `q tpdd`tzkn to,

`geoog zog qu`` qòt. oja`nige`g kj mà}ibz`g' c`q it

a` d}ps k a`r` z`}eoo}a` h`ggit kz`} a` dpnqpp} zog a`

qònà`g z`}zkne`gt odqi`j ig q` r`qq`g' Uogq akk} rk’g

igridq ig a` v}k`n`g zog igq`}g` `g `sq`}g` u`}hg``}t

hog a` nìaigee`z`ga` ``} piq a` u`}hg``}t — g apt piq

`q v}kd`t — on`g' ``j mibzkk}m``na oog uoo}k a` j}`,

p`gqi` zog qòkz`}nè kv éég h``} v`} ooga nieq g e``j

aoo}gootq }piq` zkk} t`vo}oq` ``qiget kz`} tpmv}kb`d,

q`g' Kj rk}e `q rk}ezpnaie `}ig}idq`g zog a` oja`nige aoq

a` u`}h}piq` kv`g `g qkèogh`nibh it. oo} `g u`n ig

oje`tnkq`g }piq`t hog u`}h`g' Akk} mùptq oogaodq q`

m`tqà`g oog a` igjk}`n` k}eogitoqi` uk}aq ``g a``n zog

`q tkp}digettpdd`t m`voona' c`q it aog kkh a` qibatigz`t,

q`}ige uoo}a'

T],aGlTlQckaA` igjk}`n` k}eogitoqi` ai`gq apt zknak`ga` ig monogt q`

ribg k qkq ``g tpdd`tzkn e`kpqtkp}d`q v}kd`t q` hk`g'

loo} dkgd}``q2 k` h}ibe`g u` m`q`} ridq kv a` igjk}`n`

k}eogitoqi`; } ribg z`}tdinn`ga` `qka`t k a` igjk},

`n` k}eogitoqi` ig hoo}q q` m}`ge`g' c`q m`noge}ibhtqìt gi`q a` `qka`. a` h}odq riq ig a` uibr` uoo}kv a`r`

uk}aq qkè`votq' `g zkk}m``na zog ``g `qka` uoo}oog

b` ont nìaigee`z`ga` hpgq a`gh`g. it –tvi}on aygoidt’' c`q

piqeogetvpgq zog a`r` `qka` it aoq ià`} `gt ``g t`q

oog zkk}h`p}teà}oeige`g ``jq. a}ibjz`}`g e`gkà' l`q

``g igq`}g`qq`tq uk}aq } `g r`tqon zkk}h`p}teà}oeige`g

e``q`g' A`r` `mm`g onnòon ``g hn`p}' nh` hn`p} ``jq

``g h}odq g `g ruohq` #ri` tdò ig qom`n ?)'

`g h}odq zog a` hn`p}`g`qka` it aoq `} e``g tv}oh` it

zog ekà kj jkpq. uogq ià`}` hn`p} ``jq ``g h}odqie` `g

``g ruohh` hogq' Kkh hpgg`g v}k`n`g uk}a`g kve`tq`na

zkk} `q qò. a` oja`nige g a` k}eogitoqi`' Rk hpg b` oog a`

zoh ~ z`}ogA`}logoe`l`gq

A` jk}l`n` k}eogitoqiìt a` qkv zog a` ibtm`}e



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ?=5

RT Zkk]hp]TTQBGg IGTVI]OQK]' Tqpp}q akk} c`q tdc`qt`g zog ``g ziti``g dkgd`vq`g' Ri`q roh`g ig m}`à v`}tv`dqi`j `g nog,e`}` q`}libg' M`tnpiq }oqikg``n `g piqìga`nibh onn``g' Itqkn`}ogq goo} a` uibr` uoo}kv aige`g eàoog uk}a`g

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@s`dkluuu'`s`dkl'`p@S@DKL k`}t vku`}pn tkuo}` tknpikgt k} aoo,logoe`,l`g. `n`dkl. gogd` oga igt}pl`gt * a`zid`t' Tv`dido,ikg. a`tieg. ilvn`l`goikg oga modh,kd` t`}zid`t2 @SD@,DKL loh`t gò}tck}ige uk}h'

Jigod``}zid``gq`}uuu'god`t`}zid`d`g`}'gnC` JTD it a` vo}ib zkk} kptkp}dige zog kga`}t`pg`ga` m`,a}ibtv}kd`tt`g ig Gà`}noga' C` JTD kgrk}e kv c` e`miàzog gogd`. oddkpgige. voy}knn. cplog }`tkp}d`t `g a` mib,m`ck}`ga` IQ,kga`}t`pgige'

Kv a`r` voeigo’t zigaq p ``g piqe`m}ìa kz`}ridcq zog mà}ibz`g ai` odqi`j ribg kv c`q e`mià zog kpqtkp}dige' Akk} lia,a`n zog zibjqi`g doqèk}i`èg c`mm`g a` mà}ibz`g ooge`z`g migg`g u`nh` tv`di`h` zk}l zog kpqtkp}dige rib odqi`j ribg'Zigaq p aoq p ont n`z`}ogdi`}+ai`gtqz`}n`g`} kkh ig aiq kz`}ridcq qcpitckk}q. g``l aog dkgqodq kv l`q B`jj}`y Vnkè.

b`jj}`y'vnkèFidqlàio'gn kj m`n l`q 654 :?1 66 56'

MLà`}nogaMZuuu'iml'dkl+gnL` IML kptkp}dige `g logoeà t`}zid`t mnib p ridc dkg,

d`g}`}`g kv pu h`}goh`g' Uib ribg pu t}oèitdc` vo}g`}zkk} c` m`c``} zog pu mà}ibtv}kd`tt`g. ovvnidoi`t `g ig,}ot}pdpp}' Jkdpte`mià`g ribg c` c`nv`g logoe`g zog pu}itidk’t g c` mùoh`g zog huoniì g j`siminiì' Rk c`nv`guib p pu hkt`g ` m`c``}t`g'

gjktyt`dcgknkei`tuuu'igktyt'dklIgktyt Q`dcgknkei`t too m`h`ga ont éég zog t u`}`natl``t iggkzoi`z` `g igznkà}ibh` Dkgtpnige `g IQ T`}zi,d`t mà}ibz`g' Oog GOTAO_ e`gk``}a` kga`}g`lige l`??0'666( u`}hg`l`}t m`tooga` pi 5: goikgoniì`g u`},h`ga ig 06( hogk}`g `g a`z`nkvl`g d`g`}t u`}`nauiba'

Auuu'itad'gnITAD it og iggkzoiz`. oein` IQ v}kzia`} uic o ]klogioggò}tck}` `dcgknkey d`g`}' Kp} @p}kvòg `sv`}t hgkunà,

eòmn` ig nkdon lo}h`t nih` gogd`. còncdo}` oga àpdo,ikg. m}iae` c` mptig`tt,IQ eov k e`g`}o` t}oèid e}kucoga gcogd` mptig`tt kvvk}pgii`t k} kp} dptkl`}t'

N`zi9uuu'n`zi9'dklN`zi9 c`nv p mib kguihh`nige `g m`c``} zog pu IQ,ovvnidoi`t `geo}oga``} aoo}mib oogri`gnibh` hkt`gzkk}a`n`g. `g hk}`}` il`,k,lo}h` `g ``g kvilon` huoniì' N`zi9 }ònit``} ai l` ìe`gkguihh`nd`g}o ig a` K`h}oëg`. T`}ziè. ]k`l`giè g Qp}hib`'

_pigq uuu'qpig'gn_pig U`nnigekg ]àukka it ``g zkk}oogtooga `g t}ih kgo,cogh`nibh logoe`l`goazi`tmp}òp l` ``g ig`}goikgon` tkp},dige oazi`tv}ohibh. z`}tv}ìa kz`} 19 noga`g' L` coo} e`tv`di,onit``}a` tkp}dige v}k`ttikgont `g m`t v}odid`t. kga`}t`pg_pig coo} hnog`g mib tkp}dige t}oèi`,kguihh`nige `g ilvn`,l`goi` zog kg,ti`. gò}tck}`. `g ktck}` kptkp}dige aònt'_pig dklli``} ridc aoo}mib. kkh gogdi``n. oog c` }`tpnoo`g m`t`à z``n oogaodc oog c` kgu`}v. a` ig}idcige `g a`pizk`}ige zog ``g }`tpnooe`}idc` }èi`k}eogitoi`'

Ykga`}knpqikgtuuu'tt,ykga`}'dklUic kd`t ig Qc` G`c`}nogat oga ]klogio Ykga`} k`}tgò} tck}` IQ t`}zid`t oga uk}ht k} PGIQ1. K]AIGO. KoaE}k`v. @SODQ Tkuo}` oga logy kc`}t' Ykga`} it vo} kQkon Tvd`did Tknpikgt E}kpv'

= #Jo})KJJtcK}ige

Odd`gqp}ùuu'odd`gp}`'gnOdd`gp}` it ``g u`}`nauiba mà}ib zkk} logoe`l`g dkgtpn,ige. `dcgknkey t`}zid`t `g kptkp}dige' Uib u`}h`g l` kgr`hnog`g tol`g kl c`g ` c`nv`g cpg olmii`t ` }ònit`}`g g``g Ciec V`}k}logd` Mptig`tt ` uk}a`g'

OddkpgqigeVnoroMZ uuu'oddkpgigevnoro'gnOddkpgige Vnoro it c` e}kkt` r`ntogaie` Jigogdion Tco}àT`}zid` D`g`} zog Gà`}noga l` z`tieige`g ig Kkt,@p}kvo`g Igaio' H`}godiziì it Mptig`tt V}kd`tt Kptkp}dige zoggogdi``n,oaligit}oi`z`. C] g @]V v}kd`tt`g'

kpqTkp]d` ~ Kz`}ziù



a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ?4?

O}zoqk`}zid`tà`}nogaM'Z'uuu'o}zokt`}zid`t'gnO}zok T`}zid`t it ``g t`}h e}kì`ga` k}eogitoi` l` ``gm}`à vk}knik Mptig`tt V}kd`tt Kptkp}dige ontlà` Dptk,l`} Do}` T`}zid`t' Kgr` ai`gtz`}n`gige }idc ridc zkk}gol`nibhkv c` n`z`}`g zog ai`gt`g }kgakl lo}hìge. dkllpgidoi`,`g nkeiti`h` dkgd`v`g' O}zok T`}zid`t it kga`}a``n zog M`},`ntlogg OE. `g zog a` e}kkt` làiodkgd`}gt zog @p}kvo'

Oqkt}ieiguuu'oktk}ieig'gn

Okt K}ieig mià `g dklmigoi` zog „a`tieg. mpina. `g kv`}o`“`n`l`g`g ig coo} Kptkp}dige Tknpikgt `g c`` ig c` tpd,d`tzkn ilvn`l`g`}`g zog a`r` kvnkttige`g oogkkgmoo} coo}tvk}`g z`}ai`ga'

M}iae`pqtkp}digeM'Z'uuu'm}iae`,kptkp}dige'gnM}iae` it ``g u`}`nauiba IQ mà}ib l` z`}è`gukk}aieige igGà`}noga. Ruà`g `g Apitnoga' U` n`z`}`g p j`sim`n IQ v`},tkg``n zogo kgr` ktck}` g gò}tck}` a`z`nkvl`g d`g}oig K`h}oëg`. Igaio g Lknaoziè' Uib ribg e`tv`dionit``}a ig c`mkpu`g zog aàidoà òlt. u`m * tkuo}` a`z`nkvl`g `gkv`g tkp}d` `dcgknkei`'

uuu'dtd'dklDTD it ``g u`}`nanìa`} kv c` e`mià zog IDQ ai`gtz`}n`gige'DTD’t litti` it kl kva}odce`z`}t pi c` mà}ibtn`z`g `g a`

kz`}cìa ` kga`}t`pg`g l` IDQ lookvnkttige`g `g ci`}akk}` no`g v}k`}`g zog a` noot` `dcgknkeitdc` kguihh`nige`g'L` }pil 91'666 u`}hg`l`}t z`}n``g DTD iggkzoi`z` kvnkttig,e`g oog kva}odce`z`}t u`}`nauiba `g looh aoo}mib e`m}pih zoggi`put` `dcgknkei`èg `g DTD’t ìe`g eòzogd``}a` dovodiì,`g' A`r` m`}``g kga`} l``} Tyt`lt A`tieg `g Igè}oikg.IQ `g Mptig`tt V}kd`tt Kptkp}dige. Ovvnidoikgt Tkuo}` A`z`,nkvl`g. U`m `g Ovvnidoikg Cktige `g Logoe`l`g Dkgtpnige'Zkk} l``} igk}loi` m`rk`h a` DTD u`mti` uuu'dtd'dkl'

MLà`}nogaMZuuu'iml'dkl+gnL` IML kptkp}dige `g logoeà t`}zid`t mnib p ridc dkg,d`g}`}`g kv pu h`}goh`g' Uib ribg pu t}oèitdc` vo}g`}zkk} c` m`c``} zog pu mà}ibtv}kd`tt`g. ovvnidoi`t `g ig,}ot}pdpp}' Jkdpte`mià`g ribg c` c`nv`g logoe`g zog pu}itidk’t g c` mùoh`g zog huoniì g j`siminiì' Rk c`nv`guib p pu hkt`g ` m`c``}t`g'


ggkzigdiuuu'iggkzigdi'gnIggkZigdi kguihh`n `g n`z`} kptkp}digetai`gt`g oogn`z`gt, `g v`gtik`gz`}r`h`}oo}t. v`gtik`gkgat`g. z`}lk,e`gtm`c``}a`}t `g ottp}ogi`ptt`gv`}tkg`g' L` m`cpnvzog kgr` `dcgitdc` tv`dionit`g. v}kb`dlogoe`}t. t`}zid`,logoe`}t. dkgtpnogt `g kgr` ìe`g kguihh`n, odiniì igDcigo u`}h`g uib tol`g l` hnogk}eogitoi`t oog c` z`}m`,`}`g zog cpg mà}ibtv}kd`tt`g `g cpg IDQ,k}eogitoi`'

_pigquuu'qpig'gn_pig U`nnigekg ]àukka it ``g zkk}oogtooga `g t}ih kgo,cogh`nibh logoe`l`goazi`tmp}òp l` ``g ig`}goikgon` tkp},dige oazi`tv}ohibh. z`}tv}ìa kz`} 19 noga`g' L` coo} e`tv`di,onit``}a` tkp}dige v}k`ttikgont `g m`t v}odid`t. kga`}t`pg_pig coo} hnog`g mib tkp}dige t}oèi`,kguihh`nige `g ilvn`,l`goi` zog kg,ti`. gò}tck}`. `g ktck}` kptkp}dige aònt'_pig dklli``} ridc aoo}mib. kkh gogdi``n. oog c` }`tpnoo`g m`t`à z``n oogaodc oog c` kgu`}v. a` ig}idcige `g a`pizk`}ige zog ``g }`tpnooe`}idc` }èi`k}eogitoi`'

uuu'tg'gnTGQ. a` m`t` `g m`znke`g vo}g`} zkk} dptkl`} do}` lo,goe`l`g' TGQ zkè oog ià`} hnogdkgod uoo}a` k` `gcoon pi ià`} hnogdkgod uoo}a` akk} huoniì. iggkzoi` g

j`siminiì' TGQ. on =0 boo} Votti` zkk} Hnogdkgod/

golid+Cuuu'pgolid'dklOnt lo}hnìa`} kv c` e`mià zog ktck}ige kga`}t`pg Pgolid+CDG l` rk’g 106 làù`}h`}t zogpi a}i` ktck}` z`tieige`g#Vo}olo}imk. Itogmpn. Ogonyo) mà}ibz`g ig Gà`}noga mib c`z`}cke`g zog klr` `g }`ga`l`g pi hnogdkgodv}kd`tt`g'

Uiv}k`dcgknkei`tuuu'uiv}k'dklUiv}k Q`dcgknkei`t. o aizitikg k Uiv}k Nilià #GYT@2UIQ) itc` }t VDLL N`z`n 0 oga T@I DLL N`z`n 0 d`}ià enkmon

IQ t`}zid`t k}eogiroikg'Uiv}k it kg` k c` no}e`t v}kapd`geig``}ige oga tpvvk} t`}zid` v}kzia`}t uk}nauia`' Uiv}kv}kzia`t dklv}`c`gtiz }`tò}dc oga a`z`nkvl`g t`}zid`t.IQ tknpikgt oga t`}zid`t. igdnpaige tyt`lt igè}oikg. ig,k}loikg tyt`lt kptkp}dige. vodhoe` ilvn`l`goikg.tkuo}` ovvnidoikg logoe`l`g. oga aood`g`} logoeàt`}zid`t k dk}vk}oikgt enkmonny'

S`miouuu's`mio'dklC` huoniìtcpit S`mio kgtnpi zkk} p c` t`gik} on`g zog Igaiokv c` e`mià zog @g`}v}it` Bozo' Akk} e`m}pih zog c` tpdd`tzknmù`r`g Oein` Ait}impà A`niz`}y Lka`n it }ogtvo}ogi` ckke`g ri a` hnog oog c` tpp} S`mio’t pgi`h` mà}ibtdpnpp} zkk},hkl z`}nkkv. uoo}akk} h`ggitm`ckpa uk}a eèo}oga``}a'

4 iQ,KpQtKp}Dige



M}iae`pqtkp}digeM'Z'uuu'm}iae`,kptkp}dige'gn

M}iae` it ``g u`}`nauiba IQ mà}ib l` z`}è`gukk}aieige igGà`}noga. Ruà`g `g Apitnoga' U` n`z`}`g p j`sim`n IQ v`},tkg``n zogo kgr` ktck}` `g gò}tck}` a`z`nkvl`g d`g}oig K`h}oëg`. Igaio g Lknaoziè' Uib ribg e`tv`dionit``}a ig c`mkpu`g zog aàidoà òlt. u`m * tkuo}` a`z`nkvl`g `gkv`g tkp}d` `dcgknkei`'

uuu'dtd'dklDTD it ``g u`}`nanìa`} kv c` e`mià zog IDQ ai`gtz`}n`,gige' DTD’t litti` it kl kva}odce`z`}t pi c` mà}ibtn`z`g`g a` kz`}cìa ` kga`}t`pg`g l` IDQ lookvnkttige`g `gci`}akk} ` no`g v}k`}`g zog a` noot` `dcgknkeitdc` kg,uihh`nige`g' L` }pil 91'666 u`}hg`l`}t z`}n``g DTD iggk,zoi`z` kvnkttige`g oog kva}odce`z`}t u`}`nauiba g loohaoo}mib e`m}pih zog gi`put` `dcgknkei`èg `g DTD’t ìe`g e`,ozogd``}a` dovodiì`g' A`r` m`}``g kga`} l``} Tyt`ltA`tieg `g Igè}oikg. IQ `g Mptig`tt V}kd`tt Kptkp}dige.

Ovvnidoikgt Tkuo}` A`z`nkvl`g. U`m g Ovvnidoikg Ckt,ige `g Logoe`l`g Dkgtpnige' Zkk} l``} igk}loi` m`rk`ha` DTD u`mti` uuu'dtd'dkl'

kgdnptikgJpqp}`gj}otq}pdqp}``dcgknkei`tuuu'dkgdnptikg'gnDkgdnptikg Jpp}` Ig}ot}pdp}` Q`dcgknkei`t it tv`dionit ig c`kvilonit`}`g zog IDQ,ig}ot}pdp}`g `g mibm`ck}`ga` mà}ibt,v}kd`tt`g' L` }pil =06 u`}hg`l`}t }idc`g uib kgt kv C` Gi`p,u` U`}h`g. dnkpa dklvpige. mptig`tt dkgigpiy `g iggkzoikgot o t`}zid`' Ai ak`g uib l` m`cpnv zog dkgtpnogdy * v}kb`dt.logoeà t`}zid`t `g toge' Dkgdnptikg Jpp}` Ig}ot}pdp}`Q`dcgknkei`t looh kga`}a``n pi zog Dkgdnptikg. a` l``t z``n,ribaie` roh`nibh` ai`gtz`}n`g`} zog Gà`}noga l` zi`} aitdivni,g`t8 Cplog Dovion. Dkllpgidoikg. K}eogitoikg `g Q`dcgknkey'Ig lpniaitdivnigoi}` òlt a`n`g uib kgr` h`ggit `g on`g`g'

Kz`}ziù ~ kpqTkp]d`

5



?4= k k


Jpbiqtpuuu'pbitp'dkl+gnJpbitp mià ribg hnog`g c` zkk}a``n zog `g kg` tkv tckvvigeoogmka aoghrib a` dklmigoi` zog ckkeuoo}aie` `g m`}kpu,mo}` IQ,v}kapd`g g ai`gt`g' Jpb itp n`z`} aygolitdc` IQ,kv,nkttige`g g IQ,kptkp}diget`}zid`t zkk} a`thkv,. gù`}h, gaood`g}`,kle`zige`g `g onn` ci`}oog e`}`no``}a` t`}zid`t'

`q}kgidtuuu'e`}kgidt'gnE`}kgidt it a` e}kkt` IDQ,ai`gtz`}n`g`} ig Gà`}noga' U`kga`}t`pg`g k}eogitoi`t ig c` z`}m``}`g zog cpg v}`to,i`t akk} c` m`t` pi cpg làù`}h`}t ` con`g' E`}kgidtrk}e `}zkk}. ao v}k`ttikgont kviloon eòdini``}a uk}a`gmib c` a`n`g zog igk}loi`. zìnie `g ``di`. uoo} `g uog,g``} ai gkaie it kl kga`}nige` tol`gu`}hige `g tol`gu`},hige l` hnog`g g vo}g`}t ` }ònit`}`g' Aoo}zkk} m`tdcih,h`g u` kz`} c` l``t dklvn`` vk}knik oog e`ëgè}``}aÌDQ ai`gt`g ig a` lo}h zkk} rku`n roh`nibh` k}eogitoi`t ontkz`}cìatigtogi`t'

nkmon}oge`

uuu'enkmonk}oge`'gnTo} a`r` u``h gke l` kgr` r``} mòonmo}` ckkekve`nìa` IQ,`}t pi Igaio' Rkga`} pu igz`t`}ige zkk}o }ònit`}`g uib pu IQv}kb`d`g k cpp} p ``g aàidoà òl pi kgr` vkkn zog kgr`:66 tv`dionit`g ig B=@@. akG` g VCV' M`n kgt kv 6=6,:=1 =?0='

MLà`}nogaMZuuu'iml'dkl+gnL` IML kptkp}dige `g logoeà t`}zid`t mnib p ridc dkg,d`g}`}`g kv pu h`}goh`g' Uib ribg pu t}oèitdc` vo}g`}zkk} c` m`c``} zog pu mà}ibtv}kd`tt`g. ovvnidoi`t g ig}ot}pdpp}' Jkdpte`mià`g ribg c` c`nv`g logoe`g zog pu }i,tidk’t `g c` mùoh`g zog huoniì `g j`siminiì' Rk c`nv`guib p pu hkt`g ` m`c``}t`g'

gjktyt`dcgknkei`tuuu'igktyt'dklIgktyt Q`dcgknkei`t too m`h`ga ont éég zog t u`}`nat

l``t iggkzoi`z` `g igznkà}ibh` Dkgtpnige `g IQ T`}zi,d`t mà}ibz`g' Oog GOTAO_ e`gk``}a` kga`}g`lige l`??0'666( u`}hg`l`}t m`tooga` pi 5: goikgoniì`g u`},h`ga ig 06( hogk}`g `g a`z`nkvl`g d`g`}t u`}`nauiba'

gq`}Odd`ttuuu'ig`}odd`tt'gnIg`} Odd`tt it a` kkgooge`z`ga` IQ,ai`gtz`}n`g`} zkk}k}eogitoi`t ai` rk`h`g goo} m`}kpumoo}c ia ég j`siminiì'Aionkke `g ``g v}oeloitdc` oogvoh tol`g l` a` hnogn`z`}`g iggkzoi`z` kvnkttige`g l` hkt`gkvilonitoi` mibkptkp}digez}ooetphh`g'

gq`}sikguuu'ig`}sikg'dklIg`}sikg #GYT@2 IGSG) it ``g @p}kv`t` n`z`}ogdi`} zog do}}i`},g`p}on` aood`g`} dknkdoi` ai`gt`g `g kga`}t`pg hnog`gakk} c` cpitz`t`g zog cpg ovvo}opp} `g c` z`}miga`g aoo}zog

oog ``g m}`à tdono zog `n`dkl mà}ibz`g. Ig`}g` T`}zid` V}k,zia`}t `g oga`}` hnog`g' Ig a` motit m``h`g ai }pil`. hk`nige.dkgigp` t}kklzkk}ri`gige `g ``g zìnie` kle`zige. uoo}ig a`hnog ribg dklvp`},. gù`}h,. kvtnoe, `g IQ,ig}ot}pdpp} cpit,z`t' Aoo}goot mià Ig`}sikg ``g oogon `s}o ai`gt`g. uoo},kga`} tyt``l mùohige. tyt`l`g logoe`l`g. `geig``}igekga`}t`pg`ga` ai`gt`g. aoo modh,pv `g kvtnoe' Ig`}sikg toom`h`ga kl coo} t`}h` dkgg`diziìt kvi`t. aiz`}t` cpmt zkk}Dkg`g. Dnkpa `g Jigogd`. coo} @p}kv`t` a`hhige. m`}kpumoo},cìa kl dkgigp` ` mnibz`g akk}a}ooi`g `g coo} gogdièn` tomi,niì. `g mkz`gon2 `z}à`g hnog`g'

H`ga`}cibtt`guuu'h`ga`},cibtt`g'gnH`ga`} Qcibtt`g it tv`dionit ig c` kgu`}v`g. n`z`}`g. m`,c`}`g `g kvilonit`}`g zog j`sim`n` IDQ, `g `n`kgi`,ig}o,t}pdp}`g' On }pil 46 boo} kga`}tdcìa H`ga`} Qcibtt`g ridcl` j`sim`n` ig}ot}pdpp} kvnkttige`g `g kptkp}dige zkk}

liaroh`nibh` k}eogitoi`t'

N`zi9uuu'n`zi9'dklN`zi9 c`nv p mib kguihh`nige g m`c``} zog pu IQ,ovvnidoi`t`g eo}oga``} aoo}mib oogri`gnibh` hkt`gzkk}a`n`g. ``g hk},`}` il`,k,lo}h` g `g kvilon` huoniì' N`zi9 }ònit``}ai l` ìe`g kguihh`nd`g}o ig a` K`h}oëg`. T`}ziè. ]k`l`,giè `g Qp}hib`'

Lie}oqikgLoqdcuuu'lie}oikglodc'gnLie}oikg Lodc it tv`dionit ig e}kktdconie` `g dklvn`s` IDQ,lie}oi`t' L` kgr` eòzogd``}a` lie}oi` logoe`l`gl`cka`L4© u`}h`g uib kv v}kb`dmotit. uoo}mib dkt dkg}kn. oazi`t `gv}kb`d `zonpoi`t m`noge}ibh` vibn`}t ribg zog kgr` ai`gtz`}n`,gige' Lie}oikg Lodc looh kga`}a``n pi zog Dkgdnptikg. a`l``t z``nribaie` roh`nibh` ai`gtz`}n`g`} zog Gà`}noga l`zi`} aitdivnig`t8 Cplog Dovion. Dkllpgidoikg. K}eogitoikg `gQ`dcgknkey' Ig lpniaitdivnigoi}` òlt a`n`g uib kgr` h`ggit `gon`g`g'

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IQ,kvnkttige`g'

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Z`}irkgMptig`ttuuu'z`}irkgmptig`tt'dkl+Z`}irkg Mptig`tt2 O enkmon dkllpgidoikgt. IQ. oga t`dp}iy

tknpikgt vo}g`} k mptig`tt oga ekz`}gl`g. uic kg` k cùk}nat lkt dkgg`dà IV gùk}ht'

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5

5




a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ?44

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Ykga`}knpqikgt uuu'tt,ykga`}'dklUic kd`t ig Qc` G`c`}nogat oga ]klogio Ykga`} k`}tgò} tck}` IQ t`}zid`t oga uk}ht k} PGIQ1. K]AIGO. KoaE}k`v. @SODQ Tkuo}` oga logy kc`}t' Ykga`} it vo} kQkon Tvd`did Tknpikgt E}kpv'

1 KpQtKp}DòAzi`t

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o}` dkllià k m`dklige c` togao}a k `sd`nn`gd`'

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HVLuuu'hvle'gnHVLE mià ai`gtz`}n`gige kv c` e`mià zog opai. os `goazitk}y' Kgr` ai`gtz`}n`gige kv c` e`mià zog Tco}à T`},zid`t g Kptkp}dige h`gl`}h ridc akk} `g lpniaitdivigoi}oogvoh. e`mot``}a kv h`ggit `g `}zo}ige. u`}`nauiba kve`,aoog ig a` l``t pi``gnkv`ga` k}eogitoi`t g lo}h`g'

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V}idùoq`}ckpt`kkv`}t

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pizk`}ige zog ``g }`tpnooe`}idc` }èi`k}eogitoi`'

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?41 k k

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c` ig}idc`g zog a` ekz`}gogd` g a` }èi` kv `g tkp}dige'

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Z`}irkgMptig`ttuuu'z`}irkgmptig`tt'dkl+Z`}irkg Mptig`tt2 O enkmon dkllpgidoikgt. IQ. oga t`dp}iytknpikgt vo}g`} k mptig`tt oga ekz`}gl`g. uic kg` k cùk}nat lkt dkgg`dà IV gùk}ht'

0 mvK


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On`lmk

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MLà`}nogaMZuu'iml'dkl+gnL` IML kptkp}dige `g logoeà t`}zid`t mnib p ridc dkg,

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a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ?40

: c}L,KpQtKp}Dige


OddkpgqigeVnoroMZ

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Jigod``}zid``gq`}uuu'god`t`}zid`d`g`}'gnC` JTD it a` vo}ib zkk} kptkp}dige zog kga`}t`pg`ga` m`,

a}ibtv}kd`tt`g ig Gà`}noga' C` JTD kgrk}e kv c` e`miàzog gogd`. oddkpgige. voy}knn. cplog }`tkp}d`t `g a` mib,m`ck}`ga` IQ,kga`}t`pgige'

Cplogoviqon}kpvuuu'cpdoe'gnCplog Dovion E}kpv it cã oazi`tmp}òp kv c` e`mià zog l`gt`g k}eogitoi`' Uib kga`}tdcìa`g kgt akk} ont `gie` ig Gà`},noga ai`gt`g oog ` mià`g kz`} a` e`c`n` C]L dydnpt' Uib ribgtv`dionit ig t}oèi` * k}eogitoi`. uoo}a`}`g * m`nkg`g. n`}`g* v}`t`}`g. o}mìatlkminiì `g C` Gi`pu` U`}h`g' Cplog Do,vion E}kpv looh kga`}a``n pi zog Dkgdnptikg. a` l``t z``nrib,aie` roh`nibh` ai`gtz`}n`g`} zog Gà`}noga l` zi`} aitdivnig`t8Cplog Dovion. Dkllpgidoikg. K}eogitoikg `g Q`dcgknkey' Iglpniaitdivnigoi}` òlt a`n`g uib kgr` h`ggit `g on`g`g'




AUSà`}nogaM'Z'uuu'tauk}s'gnTA UK]S it a` zkk}oogtooga` C],ai`gt`gn`z`}ogdi`} ai`ribg `sv`}it` ig dklvn`s`. h`ggitig`gti`z` `g aooeà}`z`gC],v}kd`tt`g z`}oon ig kvnkttige`g ai` u`}h`g'

o`quuu'}o`'gn]o`' Z`}a`} ig C]' C` pim`tà`g zog pu v`}tkg``nt, g+ktono}itoaligit}oi` rk}e zkk} t ogaoo}aitoi`. hkt`g}àpd,i` g a` mk}eige zog h`ggit g dkgigpëì'

o`quuu'}o`'gn]o`' Z`}a`} ig C]' C` pim`tà`g zog pu v`}tkg``nt, g+ktono}itoaligit}oi` rk}e zkk} togaoo}aitoi`. hkt`g}àpd,i` g a` mk}eige zog h`ggit `g dkgigpëì'

idkcà`}nogaM'Z'uuu'}idkc'gn]idkc it tv`dionit kv c` e`mià zog IQ `g Akdpl`g Tknp,ikgt' A` kvnkttige`g ai` ]idkc mià c`mm`g m`}`hhige kvco}auo}`,. tkuo}`, g kptkp}digez}ooetphh`g' Zogpi kp,tkp}digetv`}tv di` hpgg`g u` akdpl`gig`gti`z` v}kd`t,t`g zog pu kga`}g`lige kz`}g`l`g'

ytq`lt@p}kv`M'Z'uuu'}tyt`lt'dkl] Tyt`lt @p}kv` mià j`sim`n` dkgodd`g`} kvnkttige`g.kv rku`n goikgoon ont @p}kv``t gizòp' Kgr` r``} `}zo}`g.ckke e`lkiz``}a`. ig`gti` e`}oiga` tpvvk} v}k`ttikgonta}oe`g mib oog app}rol` hnog`z}à`gcìa. k`g`l`ga`l`}h`g}kpu g }àpdi` zog a` kon` m`c``}thkt`g'

iq`nuuu'ti`n'dklTi`n it ``g u`}`nauiba kv`}`}`ga` odinioi}` dkgodd`g`}k}eogitoi`' E`l``g goo} dkgodd`g`} odiziì it c` r`nta` e}kkt` `} u`}`na' Ig Gà`}noga mài`g Ti`n l` gol`hnog`g pi a` gogdièn` ai`gtz`}n`gige. `n`dkl,. dkgtp,l`g`g`n`h}kgido, g `dcgknkei`t`dk}'

uuu'tg'gnTGQ. a` m`t` `g m`znke`g vo}g`} zkk} dptkl`} do}` lo,goe`l`g' TGQ zkè oog ià`} hnogdkgod uoo}a` k` `gcoon pi ià`} hnogdkgod uoo}a` akk} huoniì. iggkzoi` gj`siminiì' TGQ. on =0 boo} Votti` zkk} Hnogdkgod/

q}òlnkmon`}zid`tuuu't}òl'dklT}òl it u`}`nauiba mptig`tt v}kd`tt kptkp}dige vo}g`}zog zkk}oogtooga` mà}ibz`g ig kga`} l``} a` Ciec Q`dc `gQ`n`dkl t`dk}`g'

`n`v`}jk}logdùuu'`n`v`}k}logd`'gnQ`n`v`}k}logd` hog akk} liaa`n zog Mptig`tt V}kd`tt Kp,tkp}dige dklvn`` oa`nige`g `g v}kd`tt`g. igdnpti` v`}tk,

g``n. zog p kz`}g`l`g' A` u`}`nauiba` `sv`}it` `g tomi`n`gogdièn` vktii` zog Q`n`v`}k}logd` eo}oga`}`g ``g cke`huoniì g dkgigpiì'

OAuuu'pdoa'm`Mptig`tt V}kd`tt Kptkp}dige. Dkg`g Logoe`l`g * IQ,dkgtpnogdy Kgtck}` #M`neiè) * Ktck}` #Dcigo * Lop}iipt).Eè`z`gtz`}u`}hige. Aoomot`m`c``}. Tdoggige #KD]+ID]).@n`h}kgitdc` o}dciz`}ige. U`ma`tieg * Cktige'

golid+Cuuu'pgolid'dklPgolid+CDG c`nv mà}ibz`g mib c` losilonit`}`g zog hnog,uoo}a` akk} c` kvilonit`}`g zog rku`n modh kd` ont }kgkd` odiziì`g l` ai`veooga` h`ggit g }zo}ige zog dkg,odd`g`} ai`gt`g `g gogdièn` ai`gt`g #minnige. dknn`di``g d}ài logoe`l`g)

Z`}irkgMptig`ttuuu'z`}irkgmptig`tt'dkl+Z`}irkg Mptig`tt2 O enkmon dkllpgidoikgt. IQ. oga t`dp}iytknpikgt vo}g`} k mptig`tt oga ekz`}gl`g. uic kg` k cùk}nat lkt dkgg`dà IV gùk}ht'

Uiv}k`dcgknkei`tuuu'uiv}k'dklUiv}k Q`dcgknkei`t. o aizitikg k Uiv}k Nilià #GYT@2UIQ) itc` }t VDLL N`z`n 0 oga T@I DLL N`z`n 0 d`}ià enkmonIQ t`}zid`t k}eogiroikg'Uiv}k it kg` k c` no}e`t v}kapd`geig``}ige oga tpvvk} t`}zid` v}kzia`}t uk}nauia`' Uiv}kv}kzia`t dklv}`c`gtiz` }`tò}dc oga a`z`nkvl`g t`}zid`t.IQ tknpikgt oga t`}zid`t. igdnpaige tyt`lt igè}oikg. ig,k}loikg tyt`lt kptkp}dige. vodhoe` ilvn`l`goikg.tkuo}` ovvnidoikg logoe`l`g. oga aood`g`} logoeàt`}zid`t k dk}vk}oikgt enkmonny'




?4: k k

`n`v`}jk}logdùuu'`n`v`}k}logd`'gnQ`n`v`}k}logd` it ``g onn,}kpga dkgod d`g`} e`tv`dioni,t``}a ig Odqpitii`. Dptkl`} Do}` `g Q`dcgitdc` Tpvvk}' C`pim`tà`g zog pu dkgodd`g`} `g modhkd` odiziì`goog Q`n`v`}k}logd` n`z`} ``g cke` huoniì è`g noe`}`hkt`g. rku`n migg`g Gà`}noga ont kv ktck}` nkdoi`t'

golid+C uuu'pgolid'dklPgolid+CDG it e`tv`dionit``}a ig c` ocoga`n`g zog hnogdkgod`g it aoo}l`` aé lpnidcogg`n kptkp}d` vo}g`} zkk} mà}ibz`gai` l``} }`ga`l`g pi hnogdkgod uinn`g con`g akk} c` z`}e}k,`g zog hnoguoo}a` `g c` z`}m``}`g zog a` hnog`z}à`gcìa'

ZOOAkgqodq`gq`}tuuu'zogoae}kpv'dklOnt hnogdkgodtv`dionit m`tdcih ZOGOA Dkgod D`g`}t zogpicoo} ìe`g ZOGOA Dolvpt ig ]k`}aol kz`} 466( tòt zkk}c` z`}rk}e`g zog ig`}odi`t zkk} pu mà}ib k k}eogitoi`' Kkhz`}rk}e`g uib pu hnogig`}odi`t zogo pu ìe`g nkdoi` kv motitzog logoeà igtkp}dige' ZOOAUk}hj}klCklùuu'lo}hvnootzkk}u`}h'gnZOGOA Uk}h }kl Ckl` eo}oga``} cke` huoniì hnogdkgodzkk} ``g dkgdp}}`}`ga` v}ibt/ Akk}ao uib gi` ocogh`nibh ribg zoge`ke}otdc` m`v`}hige`g. u`}h`g uib l` a` m`t` r`ntogaie`hnogdkgod v}k`ttikgont pi c` c`n` noga' Rk }ònit`}`g uib

losilon` j`siminiì zkk} kgr` kva}odce`z`}t `g làù`}h`}t/

3 ton`t+Lo}h`QigeKpQtKp}Dige


Mpae`qMk`h`}tuuu'mpae`mk`h`}t'gnZkk} oddkpgogthogk}`g `g kga`}g`lige`g z`}u`}h+dkg,}kn``} Mpae`Mk`h`}t gogdièn` oaligit}oi`t liaa`ntakdpl`g aieionit`}ige `g ``g z`}u`}higetd`g}pl ig Rpia,

O}iho' Tv`dionitl` it c` z`}u`}h`g+ dkg}kn`}`g zog zknnài,e` mk`hckpaige`g g d}ài`p}`g+a`mi p}`g oaligit}oi`t'


`n`v`}jk}logdùuu'`n`v`}k}logd`'gnQ`n`v`}k}logd` it u`}`nauiba lo}hnìa`} ig dkgod d`g`}odiziì`g' A` Q`n`v`}k}logd` `sv`}it` uk}a ige`r` zkk}c` e`z`g zog oazi`t zkk} pu kptkp}d`,z}ooetphh`g' Ai oa,zi`t hkl zkk} pi ``g pgi`h` dklmigoi` zog ig`}goikgon`

h`ggit. m`t v}odid`t g }zo}ige ig nkhon` lo}h`g'

9 KpQtKp}Dige oALigitQ}oQi`


@po`}}ouuu'`qpo`}}o'dkl@qpoQ`}}o tkp}dige tv`dionit`g c`nv`g hnog`g mnibz`gaùoo}a` ` d}`è}`g ig cpg IQ `g mptig`tt v}kd`tt`g' U` c`mm`gai`veooga` pgdikg`n` h`ggit zog IQ. Jigogd` g Oddkpgige.

C]. V}kdp}`l`g g oga`}` h}iitdc` mptig`tt v}kd`tt`g'


5 hnogQDKgQoDQKpQtKp}Dige



MU}k`v uuu'm}u'gn

M]U E}k`v it ``g oazi`tmp}òp e`tv`dionit``}a ig c` kguih,h`n`g. z`}m``}`g `g m`tp}`g zog hnogdkgod' Ai ak`g uibl` }pil 06 dkgodd`g`} tv`dionit`g'

`ga}ituuu'd`ga}it'dklD`ga}it it lo}hnìa`} `g mià ``g m}`à vk}knik oog ai}`d`dkllpgidoi`kvnkttige`g kv c` e`mià zog dkgodt`}zid`t.ak`ne}k`v oazi`t. aoohuoniì. `z`g * }iee`} lo}hìge.lo}hìge ig`nnie`gd` g kgnig` lo}hìge'

MLà`}nogaMZuuu'iml'dkl+gnL` IML kptkp}dige `g logoeà t`}zid`t mnib p ridc dkg,d`g}`}`g kv pu h`}goh`g' Uib ribg pu t}oèitdc` vo}g`}zkk} c` m`c``} zog pu mà}ibtv}kd`tt`g. ovvnidoi`t g ig}ot}pdpp}' Jkdpte`mià`g ribg c` c`nv`g logoe`g zog pu }i,tidk’t `g c` mùoh`g zog huoniì `g j`siminiì' Rk c`nv`g

uib p pu hkt`g ` m`c``}t`g'

ytq`lt@p}kv`M'Z'uuu'}tyt`lt'dkl] Tyt`lt @p}kv` mià j`sim`n` dkgodd`g`} kvnkttige`g.kv rku`n goikgoon ont @p}kv``t gizòp' Kgr` r``} `}zo}`g.ckke e`lkiz``}a`. ig`gti` e`}oiga` tpvvk} v}k`ttikgonta}oe`g mib oog app}rol` hnog`z}à`gcìa. k`g`l`ga`l`}h`g}kpu `g }àpdi` zog a` kon` m`c``}thkt`g'

uuu'tg'gnTGQ. a` m`t` `g m`znke`g vo}g`} zkk} dptkl`} do}` lo,goe`l`g' TGQ zkè oog ià`} hnogdkgod uoo}a` k` `gcoon pi ià`} hnogdkgod uoo}a` akk} huoniì. iggkzoi` gj`siminiì' TGQ. on =0 boo} Votti` zkk} Hnogdkgod/

VO_

uuu'tvo}q'gnTVO]_ it tv`dionit ig hnogdkgod' A` mpttig`tt nig` Kp,tkp}dige g``l c` logoe`l`g `g v`}tkg`n` m`c``} zoga` }kg kd` pi coga`g2 `n`kkg,+}`d`vi`vkt. odinioi}`t`}zidà`th. eotz}kpu ,ai`gt`g k c` igckpt` dkgod d`g,`}' Zkk} ``g kvilon` ig, `g `s`}g` m`}ìhmoo}cìa zkne`gta` ckket` togaoo}a`g' Kgrk}e`g è`g c`na`}` otv}oh`g'

q}òlnkmon`}zid`t uuu't}òl'dklT}òl it u`}`nauiba mptig`tt v}kd`tt kptkp}dige vo}g`}zog zkk}oogtooga` mà}ibz`g ig kga`} l``} a` Ciec Q`dc `gQ`n`dkl t`dk}`g'




a m = 6 ? ? + = 6 ? = ?45


MLà`}nogaMZuuu'iml'dkl+gnL` IML kptkp}dige `g logoeà t`}zid`t mnib p ridc dkg,d`g}`}`g kv pu h`}goh`g' Uib ribg pu t}oèitdc` vo}g`}zkk} c` m`c``} zog pu mà}ibtv}kd`tt`g. ovvnidoi`t g ig}ot}pdpp}' Jkdpte`mi a`g ribg c` c`n v`g logoe`g zog pu }i,tidk’t `g c` mùoh`g zog huoniì `g j`siminiì' Rk c`nv`guib p pu hkt`g ` m`c``}t`g'


ggkzigdiuuu'iggkzigdi'gnIggkZigdi kguihh`n `g n`z`} kptkp}digetai`gt`g oogn`z`gt, `g v`gtik`gz`}r`h`}oo}t. v`gtik`gkgat`g. z`}lk,e`gtm`c``}a`}t g ottp}ogi`ptt`gv`}tkg`g' H`}g zog a`r`

ai`gtz`}n`gige it ``g t`}h tdcoonmoo} `g lka`}g #u`m,motà) vnok}l zkk} n`z`gtz`}r`h`}ige`g. v`gtik`goali,git}oi` g vk}``pinn`m`c``}' C` vnok}l zknak` oog onn`ìt`g ai` zogpi kz`}cìa `g u`, `g }è`ne`zige oog gogdi,`n` ai`gtz`}n`g`}t uk}a`g e`t`na' C` tyt``l it v}ilo ìgè}`}`g l` a` m`tooga` ig`}g` tyt`l`g zog gogdiènài`gtz`}n`g`}t'


OAuuu'pdoa'm`Mptig`tt V}kd`tt Kptkp}dige.Dkg`g Logoe`l`g * IQ,

dkgtpnogdy Kgtck}` #M`neiè) * Ktck}` #Dcigo * Lop}iipt).Eè`z`gtz`}u`}hige. Aoomot`m`c``}. Tdoggige #KD]+ID]).@n`h}kgitdc` o}dciz`}ige. U`ma`tieg * Cktige'

golid+C uuu'pgolid'dklPgolid+CDG c`nv kva}odce`z`}t mib c` z`}m``}`g `g lo,goe`g zog cpg dotcjku akk} zogpi c` v`}tv`di` zog hnog,uoo}a` oaligit}oi`z` hnogdkgod`g m``} ` odp}`}`g.m``} ` igdott`}`g. m``} ` lkgik}`g. m``} ` }òdiz`}`g`g m``} ` z`}ogukk}a`g'

?6 Q`n`DKLKpQtKp}Dige

Odd`gqp}ùuu'odd`gp}`'gn

Odd`gp}` it ``g u`}`nauiba mà}ib zkk} logoe`l`g dkgtpn,ige. `dcgknkey t`}zid`t g kptkp}dige' Uib u`}h`g l` kgr`hnog`g tol`g kl c`g ` c`nv`g cpg olmii`t ` }ònit`}`g g``g Ciec V`}k}logd` Mptig`tt ` uk}a`g'

nkpat`z`guuu'dnkpat`z`g'gnDnkpa T`z`g mià ``g iggkzoi` dkgd`v zkk} c` kptkp}d`gzog zot` — `g lkmi`n` mà}ibt`n`kgi` l` ont h`}gvpg`g2N`z`}ogdi`}tkgocogh nibhcìa `g lo}hu`}hige. zot,lkmi`nz`}tdcpizige `g ZKIV'

`q}kgidtuuu'e`}kgidt'gnE`}kgidt it a` e}kkt` IDQ,ai`gtz`}n`g`} zog a` M`g`nps `g``g kkgooge`z`ga` tv`n`} u`}`nauiba' Uib c`nv`g làù`},h`}t zog k}eogitoi`t zkk}pi akk} oniba `g kz`}on kv ``g zìni,e` logi`} kèoge ` mià`g k igk}loi`' E`}kgidt m`tdcihkz`} ``g dklvn`` vk}knik oog e`ëgè}``}a` IDQ,ai`gt`g`g u`}h zkne`gt `g Enkmon T`}zid` A`niz`}y Lka`n uoo}akk}hnog`g kz`} a` u`}`na z`}r`h`}a ribg zog ai`gtz`}n`gige zog``g dkgtit`g` huoniì' Tigat =4 khkm`} =665 looh E`,}kgidt a``n pi zog HVG. a` kkgooge`z`ga` n`z`}ogdi`} zog`n`dkllpgidoiài`gt`g ig Gà`}noga'


gq`}Odd`ttuuu'ig`}odd`tt'gnIg`} Odd`tt it a` kkgooge`z`ga` IQ,ai`gtz`}n`g`} zkk} k}eogi,toi`t ai` rk`h`g goo} m`}kpumoo}cìa ég j`siminiì' Aionkke `g``g v}oeloitdc` oogvoh tol`g l` a` hnog n`z`}`g iggkzoi`z`kvnkttige`g l` hkt`gkvilonitoi` mib kptkp}digez}ooetphh`g'

,ytq`ltà`}nogam'z'uuu',tyt`lt'gnQ,Tyt`lt n`z`} Gùk}h D`g}id Ig}ot}pdp}` T`}zid`t' Aiklzo e`ëgè}``}a` IDQ #IQ ég QD) ig}ot}pdpp} kptkp}digeig a` m}`à`. k `g l` Ovvnidoikg Logoe`l`g'

ZOOANomk}oqk}i`tuuu'zogoavnok}l'dklL` kgt ig ìe`g m`c``} kguihh`na` iggkzoi`z` ZOGOA Vnok}l.c`nv ZOGOA Nomk}ok}i`t mà}ibz`g `g k}eogitoi`t kv t}o`,eitdc. oditdc `g kv`}oikg``n znoh mib c` kvilonit`}`g zog aìg`}odi`t l` cpg hnog`g k e`m}pih`}t'

Z`}irkgMptig`ttuuu'z`}irkgmptig`tt'dkl+Z`}irkg Mptig`tt2 O enkmon dkllpgidoikgt. IQ. oga t`dp}iy tknp,ikgt vo}g`} k mptig`tt oga ekz`}gl`g. uic kg` k c` uk}natlkt dkgg`dà IV gùk}ht'

?? nò}gigeKpQtKp}Dige


kgdnptikgNò}gige`gq`}tcv2++dnd'dkgdnptikg'gn+Dkgdnptikg Nò}gige D`g`}t mià a` igè}on` kvnkttige zkk}c` kptkp}d`g zog a` kvnìaigetpgdi` zog ``g k}eogitoi`'D`g}on` ighkkv. oaligit}oi` * nkeiti`h. kvnìaigetoazi`t.eòpkloit``}a` u`}ht}kl`g #@TT+LTT) `g ``g aieion` kv,

nìaigetdoonkept zk}l`g a` motit zog kgr` ai`gtz`}n`gige'Dkgdnptikg Nò}gige D`g`}t looh kga`}a``n pi zog Dkgdnptikg.a` l``t z``nribaie` roh`nibh` ai`gtz`}n`g`} zog Gà`}noga l`zi`} aitdivnig`t8 Cplog Dovion. Dkllpgidoikg. K}eogitoikg `gQ`dcgknkey' Ig lpniaitdivnigoi}` òlt a`n`g uib kgr` h`ggit `gon`g`g'


g n p i g N } gi g g q } N . gq g ? }q # }ib? } in




?43 k k


?= DKgtpnQogDymp}òpt



gjktyt`dcgknkei`t

uuu'igktyt'dklIgktyt Q`dcgknkei`t too m`h`ga ont éég zog t u`}`natl``t iggkzoi`z` `g igznkà}ibh` Dkgtpnige `g IQ T`}zi,d`t mà}ibz`g' Oog GOTAO_ e`gk``}a` kga`}g`lige l`??0'666( u`}hg`l`}t m`tooga` pi 5: goikgoniì`g u`},h`ga ig 06( hogk}`g `g a`z`nkvl`g d`g`}t u`}`nauiba'

ZOOAUk}hj}klCklùuu'lo}hvnootzkk}u`}h'gnZOGOA Uk}h }kl Ckl` eo}oga``} cke` huoniì hnogdkgodzkk} ``g dkgdp}}`}`ga` v}ibt/ Akk}ao uib gi` ocogh`nibh ribg zoge`ke}otdc` m`v`}hige`g. u`}h`g uib l` a` m`t` r`ntogaie`hnogdkgod v}k`ttikgont pi c` c`n` noga' Rk }ònit`}`g uiblosilon` j`siminiì zkk} kgr` kva}odce`z`}t `g làù`}h`}t/

?4 }`D}piQL`gQ,v}KD`tt,KpQtKp}Dige


i,}piqM'Zuuu' uuu'i,d}pi'gni,D}pi MZ g``l pu }`d}pil`gv}kd`t e`c``n k eà``n`nibhpi coga`g' Uib z`}e}k g pu u`}zigeth}odc g kvilonit`}`gc` }`d}pil`gv}kd`t' Rk zpnn`g uib pu zodop}`t tg`nn`}. m`,`} `g hkt`g,`dièg`} ig' @g ao oniba zogpi pu v}kvktii`.rkao pu ìe`g `lvnky`} m}oga uk}a z`}t`}h'

?1 hgKUnÀe`,v}KD`ttKpQtKp}Dige


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Outsource Magazine 5+6 2011

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