Outsmarting Hackers before your App gets Hacked - iOS Conf SG 2016

Outsmarting Hackers before your App gets Hacked

Subho Halder

CoFounder & CTO Appknox iOS Conf Edition

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Securing iOS Mobile AppsMobile Security Talk

Introduction

Android vs iOS

Securing Your Mobile Apps

Secured Pasteboard

Application Snapshots

iOS Dataprotection API

Juice Jacking - Slurrp

Top 10 Mobile Security List

4 Myths About Mobile Security

Questions? Contact Me :)

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About Me

Co-Founder and CTO at , a mobile security company that

helps developers and companies to build secure mobile application. I have presented many talks and

conducted workshops at conferences like BlackHat, Defcon,

ToorCon, SysCan, ClubHack, NullCon, OWASP AppSec, RSA Conference.

Subho Halder / CoFounder & CTO

Securing iOS Mobile Applications - Subho HalderiOS Conf SG Edition 3

Introduction The Great Mobile Security Debate

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01Fragmented Applications

Multiple Applications for Multiple Platform and Multiple Architectures makes it difficult for App Developers to keep-up with security concerns

03Personal & Social Information

Mobile Devices holds your personal and social information, and applications has access to these information

02Fragmented Platforms

With multiple platforms and multiple versions of Mobile Operating

System, the OEM faces challenges to keep Security up-to-date

04Businesses & Enterprise Data

With mobile getting adopted at workplaces, sensitive information

are now accessible to applications


Android vs iOS

With the dominance of iOS and the rising popularity of Android devices in the mobile marketplace, the security of these devices is a growing concern and focus for smartphone users.

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Vulnerable Apps MalwaresDevice Vulnerability Fragmentation

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Vulnerable Apps MalwaresDevice Vulnerabilities Fragmentation

Despite iOS being traditionally regarded as the safest platform, there are a number of reasons why that assumption may be becoming outdated. Firstly, occurrences of ransomware, malware, rotten apps on the iTunes store, and social engineering have been coming into the news far more often in recent times.

The iOS Device Google’s Android platform has become a larger target for mobile malware writers than Apple iOS. This could

be a result of Android’s popularity—with more than 1 million activations per day, Android smartphones

command a 59% market share worldwide.

The Android Device

The goal of this is to raise awareness about application security by identifying some of the most critical risks facing organizations.

Securing Your Mobile Apps

Do you think Pasteboard can be used to steal information ?

Secured Pasteboard


Secured Pasteboard Vulnerabilities Universal Clipboard changes for iOS 10 and macOS Sierra

With the changes to the UIPasteboard iOS 10 API that introduce Universal Clipboard, it also opens a slight security vulnerability in that an end user could copy a sensitive piece of data and inadvertently make it available across all their devices

Understanding the Clipboard Contents As a developer, you can either:

1. Flag a piece of data as “local only” in which it will not appear in the Universal Clipboard across devices, and

2. Set an expiration date on a piece of data such that it isn’t available after that date.


Secured Pasteboard Vulnerabilities Flag a piece of data as “local only” in which it will not appear in the Universal Clipboard across devices

a In one line, you set the item in the UIPasteboard with an option localOnly as true.


Secured Pasteboard Vulnerabilities Set an expiration date on a piece of data such that it isn’t available after that date

a Again, in one line you get to pass an expiration date for when the UIPasteboard item should expire. You can also use these together

If an application goes into background, can the data be hacked ?

Application Snapshot Vulnerability

Securing iOS Mobile Applications - Subho HalderiOS Conf SG Edition

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Application Snapshots These screenshots can be accessed without jailbreaking

iOS caches a screenshot of the last screen of the application and when you click on it the application resumes. This caching technique provides the user with the impression that their application has resumed immediately. This “feature” on its own is not vulnerability, and does exactly what it is supposed to do.

So when does a feature become a vulnerability?

As a developer, you can:

blank out or blur the screen before it is minimized. This will prevent sensitive data from being captured in a screenshot

These screenshots can be accessed without jailbreaking using any free tool like ‘ifunbox’


Application Snapshots blank out or blur the screen before it is minimized. This will prevent sensitive data from being captured in a screenshot

a Need to write the code in Application life cycle methods, here we are putting an imageView while the app animate to background


Application Snapshots blank out or blur the screen before it is minimized. This will prevent sensitive data from being captured in a screenshot

a Here is the code to remove the imageView when the application comes to foreground

Have you ever used this to secure your data ?

iOS Dataprotection API: NSDataWritingFileProtection


iOS Dataprotection API: NSFileProtection Have you ever used this to secure your data ?

NSFileProtectionNone NSDataWritingFileProtectionNone

The file is not protected and can be read or written at any

time. This is the default value.

iOS provides hardware-level encryption of files. Files marked for protection are encrypted using a per-device key, which is encrypted using the user’s password or PIN. Ten seconds after the device is locked, the unencrypted per-device key is removed from memory. When the user unlocks the device, the password or personal identification number (PIN) is used to decrypt the per-device key again, which is then used to decrypt the files.

NSFileProtectionComplete NSDataWritingFileProtectionComplete

Any file with this setting is protected ten seconds after the device is locked. Files with

this setting may not be available when your program is running in the background. When

the device is unlocked, these files are unprotected.



iOS provides hardware-level encryption of files. Files marked for protection are encrypted using a per-device key, which is encrypted using the user’s password or PIN. Ten seconds after the device is locked, the unencrypted per-device key is removed from memory. When the user unlocks the device, the password or personal identification number (PIN) is used to decrypt the per-device key again, which is then used to decrypt the files.

NSFileProtectionCompleteUnlessOpen NSDataWritingFileProtectionCompleteUnlessOpen

Files with this setting are protected ten seconds after the device is locked unless they’re currently open. This allows your

program to continue accessing the file while running in the background. When the file is closed, it will be protected if the device is

locked.

NSFileProtectionCompleteUntilFirstUserAuthentication NSDataWritingFileProtectionCompleteUntilFirstUserAuthentication

Files with this setting are protected only between the time the device boots and the first time the user unlocks the

device. The files are unprotected from that point until the device is rebooted. This allows your application to open

existing files while running in the background.



Sample usages with NSData

Sample usages with NSFileManager

File protection is very easy, simple and hardware-optimised, you should use this in every project of yours, unless you have a good reason to not to.

Juice jacking is a term used to describe a cyber attack where wherein a smart phone, tablet or other computer device using a charging port that doubles as a data connection, typically over USB.

Juice Jacking - Slurrp


Juice Jacking - Slurrp A smart phone, tablet or other computer device using a charging port that doubles as a data connection, typically over USB.

Sample charging Kiosks in Public PlacesWould you trust this Public USB Kiosk to charge your iPhone?

The goal of this is to raise awareness about application security by identifying some of the most critical risks facing organizations.

Top 10 Mobile Security List


Top 10 Mobile Security List The goal of this is to raise awareness about application security by identifying some of the most critical risks facing organizations.

Poor Authorization and AuthenticationPoor or missing authentication schemes allow an adversary to anonymously execute functionality within the mobile app or backend server used by the mobile app.

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Unintended Data Leakage

Unintended data leakage occurs when a developer inadvertently places sensitive information or data in a location on the mobile device that is easily accessible by other apps on the device.

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Insufficient Transport Layer Protection

If the application is coded poorly, threat agents can use techniques to view this sensitive data. Unfortunately, mobile applications frequently do not protect network traffic

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Insecure Data StorageMany developers assume that storing data on client-side will restrict other users from having access to this data.

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Weak Server Side Controls

Most security experts might argue that server-side security falls outside of the area of mobile application security threats. Till last year, it was the second most important mobile security threat.

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Source: https://blog.appknox.com/category/owasp-top-10-mobile/

https://blog.appknox.com/category/owasp-top-10-mobile/


Top 10 Mobile Security List The goal of this is to raise awareness about application security by identifying some of the most critical risks facing organizations.

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Client side injection results in the execution of malicious code on the client side which is the mobile device, via the mobile app.

Client Side Injection

As the name suggests, this issue is because session tokens are not handled in the best way.

Improper Session Handling

Broken Cryptography or insecure usage of cryptography is mostly common in mobile apps

that leverage encryption.

Broken Cryptography

Developers generally use hidden fields and values or any hidden functionality to distinguish higher

level users from lower level users.

Security Decisions Via Untrusted Inputs

A lack of binary protections within a mobile app exposes the application and it’s owner to a large

variety of technical and business risks if the underlying application is insecure or exposes

sensitive intellectual property.

Lack of Binary Protections


4 Myths About Mobile Security “Through 2020, 99% of vulnerabilities exploited will continue to be ones known by security and IT professionals for at least one year.” – Gartner

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Public app stores are safe because they have security filters

Data encryption is not required for mobile devices

PCs are more secure than mobile phones

Two-factor authentication can be neglected for mobile security

Questions ? @sunnyrockzzs [email protected] https://www.appknox.com

mailto:[email protected]

https://www.appknox.com

Outsmarting Hackers before your App gets Hacked - iOS Conf SG 2016

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