OUTPUT 10 1st Submission

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DE LA SALLE HEALTH SCIENCES INSTITUTE COLLEGE OF MEDICINEDEPARTMENT OF FAMILY AND COMMUNITY MEDICINE

CM2 SY 2011-2012

OUTPUT 10: ACTUAL DATA ANALYSIS

Exposure to Air-conditioning Systems in Classrooms Leads to Mild Severity of Allergic Rhinitis inSecond Year High School Students of Selected Schools in Dasmarias City, Cavite: A Cross-

Sectional Study.

SUBMITTED ON:

February 15, 2012

SUBMITTED TO:

DR. JOVILIA M. ABONG

SUBMITTED BY:

GROUP 1A

ARCAIRA, JOSHUA A.

ABAD, MARY RAINA ANGELI

ANCHETA, JONATHAN

BASUL, CHARINE

CARAVEO, JULIEN NICOLE

CRUZ, SPICA

ESPINOZA, FAITH KRISTINE

GARCIA, RAY WILSON

KALALO, GERARD MICHAEL

OUTPUT 10: ACUTAL DATA ANALYSISGROUP 1A, DR. JOVILIA M. ABONG


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RESEARCH QUESTION :Among second year high school students with allergic rhinitis of selected schools in Dasmarias, Cavite,

will exposure to air-conditioned school rooms affect the severity of their allergic rhinitis?

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

General Objective: To determine if the exposure to the air-conditioning system affects the severityof allergic rhinitis in second year high school students of selected schools in Dasmarias, Cavite.

Specific Objectives:1. To identify the prevalence of allergic rhinitis among second year high school students of selected schools in of Dasmarias, Cavite based on their classroom conditions (air-conditionedvs. non-air-conditioned).2. To determine the severity of allergic rhinitis according to ARIA classifications.3. To identify the risk factors of allergic rhinitis present in the classroom or school, such as the

presence of molds, chalk dust, house dust, and cockroaches.

4. Compare the severity of allergic rhinitis in students who are exposed to air-conditionedclassrooms and those who are not exposed to air-conditioned classrooms.

RES ULTS

1. DESCRIPTION OF STUDY POPULATIONThe study population was high school students screened for allergic rhinitis using an ISAACquestionnaire from two different classroom conditions: with and without air-conditioning systemsin their classrooms. Severity of their allergic rhinitis (mild and moderate to severe) wereclassified according to ARIA classifications.

2. DESCRIPTION OF DATA USING APPROPRIATE DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICALTABLES AND GRAPHS

A. Measures of Disease Frequency

As mentioned, the data gathered were the number of second year high school students with air-conditioned and non-air-conditioned classrooms with Allergic Rhinitis as well as the severity of their condition (mild or moderate-severe).

The measure of disease frequency used is point prevalence because by definition, it indicatesthe proportion of individuals in a population who have a particular disease at a specified point in timewherein our population were second year high school students with allergic rhinitis and the diseasemeasured was the severity of their condition. A frequency distribution table was used in presentingand summarizing the data to show the frequency or the percentage of the students with mild andmoderate to severe allergic rhinitis among those with air-conditioned rooms and those without air-conditioned rooms. These frequencies were also used to compute for the point prevalence.

The bar graph is used to graphically present the frequency distribution for discrete variables,which in this study is the number of the students with mild or moderate to severe allergic rhinitis inclassrooms with air-conditioning systems and in those without. This was made to easily show thedifferences between groups.

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B. Measures of Central Tendencv

The measure of Central Tendency used in the study is the Mode because it is primarily concernedwith the frequency of mild allergic rhinitis in students with and without exposure to theaforementioned classroom conditions. The mean and median will not be used because they are notapplicable to the study.

C. Measures of Association

Since this is a cross-sectional study, our measures of association was based on the prevalence ratio, inwhich the relationship of those exposed to an air-conditioning system in the classroom and the mildseverity of the patients Allergic Rhinitis is evaluated using the following equation:

)/()/(

Pr d cc

baatioevalenceRa

+

+=

;

Wherein: A = number of students with mild allergic rhinitis in air-conditioned classrooms

B = number of students with moderate-severe allergic rhinitis in air-conditionedclassrooms

C = number of students with mild allergic rhinitis in non-air-conditioned classroomsD = number of students with moderate-severe allergic rhinitis in non-air-conditioned

classrooms

Prevalence of Mild Severity AR in air-conditioned classrooms

Prevalence Ratio = Prevalence of Mild Severity AR in non air-conditioned classrooms

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Exposure to Air-conditioned classrooms

With Mild Allergic Rhinitis TOTAL

Mild Moderate -Severe

(+) A B A+B

(-) C D C+D

Total A+C B+D A+B+C+D


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After the prevalence ratio has been computed, the interpretation will be guided by the following:

PR Value Significance and Interpretation

If PR =1 There is no association between exposure to air-conditioned classroomsand the prevalence of mildseverity allergic rhinitis.

If PR > 1 There is an increased

probability of presence of mild severity allergicrhinitis if one is exposed toair-conditionedclassrooms.

Suggests exposure to air-

conditioned classrooms may be associated with increased prevalence of mild severityallergic rhinitis

The probability of

presence of mildseverity allergicrhinitis among thoseexposed to air-conditionedclassrooms is xtimes more comparedto those without theexposure.

If PR < 1 There is a decreased probability of presence of mild severity allergicrhinitis if one is exposed toair-conditionedclassrooms.

Suggests exposure to air-conditioned classrooms may

be associated with decreased prevalence of mild severityallergic rhinitis.

The probability of presence of mildseverity allergicrhinitis among thoseexposed to air-conditionedclassrooms is xtimes less comparedto those without theexposure.

3. DATA PRESENTED IN STATISTICAL TABLES AND GRAPHS

MEASURES OF DISEASE FREQUENCYTable 1. Frequency Distribution Table comparing the number of students in air-conditioned

classrooms based on the severity of their allergic Rhinitis.

Severity n %Mild 8 15.69

Moderate -Severe 43 84.31

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Total 51 100

In Table 1, it is readily observed that there are more students with moderate to severeallergic rhinitis compare to those with mild.

Table 2. Frequency Distribution Table comparing the number of students in non-air-conditionedclassrooms based on the severity of their allergic Rhinitis.

Severity n %Mild 2 40

Mod-Sev 3 60Total 5 100

In Table 2, it can be seen that there are more students with moderate to severe allergicrhinitis in non-air-conditioned classrooms compared to those with mild.

Figure 1. Bar Graph comparing the number of students with mild and moderate to severe allergic

rhinitis based on their exposure to air-conditioning systems in their classrooms.

In general, there are more students with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis in bothclassroom settings.

MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCYThe Mode or the most frequently occurring data obtained was the number of students withmoderate to severe allergic rhinitis with a total of 46 students from both exposures.

4. MEASURES OF ASSOCIATION

Table 3. Summary of the number of students based on their exposure to air-conditionedclassrooms and presence of mild allergic rhinitis.

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Exposure to Air-conditioned classrooms

With Mild Allergic Rhinitis TOTAL

Mild Moderate -Severe

(+) 8 43 51

(-) 2 3 5

Total 10 46 56


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The Prevalence ratio is then computed from the values in Table 3, and is shown below:

The prevalence ratio obtained was 0.39, meaning there is a decreased probability of presence of mild severity allergic rhinitis if one is exposed to air-conditioned classrooms. This also suggests thatexposure to air-conditioned classrooms may be associated with decreased prevalence of mild severityallergic rhinitis. From this therefore, the probability of presence of mild severity allergic rhinitis amongthose exposed to air-conditioned classrooms is 39 times less compared to those without the exposure.

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OUTPUT 10 1st Submission

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