1

THE WORLD BANK

Eco2 Cities: Ecological Cities as Economic CitiesC t I l t ti & F t A dConcept, Implementation & Future Agenda

www.worldbank.org/eco2

Hiroaki Suzuki Lead Urban SpecialistFinance, Economic and Urban Department, the World Bank

September 12, 2011

Outline

Introduction: Eco vs. Eco or Eco2

Eco2 Objective and Integrated Approach

Eco2 Cities Examples

Eco2 Four Principles

Eco2 Four Tools

Eco2 Implementation Progress

Eco2 Cities Guide for Implementation

Eco2 Scale Up through Green Fund

Eco2 Research on Integrated Spatial Dev. 2

2

Urbanization Generate Both Economic Growth & Environmental Challenges

New Urban Landscape InvestmentShopping Mall

Increasing Solid Waste

Air Pollution & GHG Natural Disaster

3

EcoEco Eco

Eco2

4

Eco or Eco or Eco2?

3

Example of Simultaneous Economic and Environmental Improvement. Since 1990 Swedish CO2 emissions have been reduced by

9% while its economy has been growing at stable rate.

5

Source: Symbiocity

H l i iti hi l i l d

www.worldbank/org/eco2

Helping cities achieve ecological and economic sustainability and social equity in synergy.

Integrated cross-sector approach leading to energy(low carbon)/resource efficiency

Integrated transportation-land use

Combining multiple financial instruments (IBRD,IDA, GEF, CF,CTF, IFC,PPP etc.)

6

4

Eco2 Integrated Approach Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy:

Green Buildings

District Heating/Cooling

Smart Grid

S l G Wi d

Waste MgtWater Mgt

Solar, Geo, Wind, Hydro

Regulation, Incentives, AwarenessTechnology and Investments

Risk Resiliency Finance

Viability

Social Equity

7

TransportationGreen Transport ModeClean Energy Efficient

Vehicle/Fuel

Optimal Urban Form

Land Management Transport Planning

Governance and Leadership

Eco2 Cities: Cross –Sector Integrated ApproachStockholm, Sweden 

Integrated Utility Management & Resource Management

• Redevelopment of southern district in Stockholm, Sweden 

EnergyEnergy

Water and sewage

Waste

Source: Stockholm City Planning Administration 

8

5

Av. ParanáMal Floriano

Parque IguaçúGreen Line

São Paulo

Eco2 Cities: Integrating Transport, Land Use (TOD), Curitiba, Brazil 

SOUTH STRUCTURAL AXIS

Nova Curitiba

DOWNTOWNMal. Floriano

Porto Alegre

Parque Barigui

Represa Do Passaúna

Ponta Grossa

INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT

Solid Waste Reduction

Implementation of 3R (Reduce, Reuse Recycle) with citizen's

Eco2 Cities – Concerted Efforts of All the StakeholdersIn Reducing Waste, Yokohama, Japan

Reuse, Recycle) with citizen s collaboration

Achieved 38.7% reduction in six years (2001‐2007) and US$1.1Billion Savings.

Waste Reduction in Yokohama

Source: City of Yokohama

6

Eco 2 Cities – Integrated & Innovative Water Management, Singapore 

Closed Water Loop • Water Security

• Water Catchment

• Wastewater reclamation

• Desalination

Year 2000 2004

Population (‘000) 4,028 4,167

Desalination

• Demand Management

– Tariff: Financial incentive to reduce

water consumption

GDP (US$ mil.) 92,720 109,157

National Water Consumption (mil. m3)

454 440

Average Monthly Household Water Consumption (m3)

20.5 19.3

Average Monthly Household Water Bill (Singapore$)

31.0 29.4Source: PUB website, Singapore

Congestion Pricing – Urban Transport Management Ease of Traffic Congestion 

Eco 2 Cities – Demand Management  by IncentiveLondon, Stockholm, Milan, Singapore

within the City London Singapore Stockholm Milan (linked with GHG emission)

London: £137m being raised, in the financial year 2007/08, to invest back into 

improving public transport in London. Reduced traffic 21% lower than pre‐charge levels (70,000 fewer cars/ day) 

within the charging zone. Increased usage of bus and cycle.

Source: Transport for London website

12

7

Comprehensive Approach

Eco 2 Cities – Emerging Sustainable City, AhmedabadIndia

Good Urban Planning Bus Rapid Transit River Front Development Inclusive Development.

13

02.5 Km 2.5 Km

Eco2 Four Principles A City Based Approach Enables Local Governments to Proactively Lead and Inspire Always Adapted to the Specific Circumstances and Local Ecology

An Expanded Platform for Collaborative Design and Decision MakingMaking Sustained Synergy through Coordination and Alignment of

Stakeholder Actions and Incentives A One System Approach Realize Benefits of Integration Optimize the City-System as a Whole

An Investment Framework that Values Sustainability and Resiliency Life Cycle Cost/Benefit Analysis

14

y y Asses Value and Benchmark all Capital Assets (Manufactured,

Natural, Social and Human) Broader Risk Assessments and Adaptive Strategies for Resilience

8

Eco2 Four Tools

GIS to Analyze Form

Sankey Diagram to Analyze Flows

Design Charrette to Forecast & Plan

Life ‐Time Cost Benefit Analysis for Financing Decision.

Ongoing Eco2 Operations

Ho Chi Minh City Haiphong

QuezonMandaluyongMakati

JakartaSurabayaMakassarPalembang

9

GEF Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco City

Project objective to develop an “economically sustainable, socially harmonious, environmentally friendly and resource conserving city” one that is “a model eco and low carbon city”

Eco2 Cities Guide PublicationConcise Practical Implementation Guide

18

10

Scaling-Up Through Green Fund

Green FundDonorsCapital Market

Private Investment City Investment

World Bank

TechnicalAssistance

Private Investment Window

City Investment Window

IFC

Fund Manager

Eco² Cities

Eco² City A

Application

Private Sector Investment Project (e.g. ESCOs) Eco² City B Eco² City C Eco² City D

Appraisal/ TA

Urban Spatial Form Determines City Energy EfficiencyDecisions today are limited by past decisions

CITY GHG EMISSIONS

Source: Bertaud, A., and T. Pode, Jr., Density in Atlanta: Implications for Traffic and Transit(Los Angeles: Reason Foundation, 2007); Kick the Habit: A UN Guide to Climate Neutrality

11

Ongoing ResearchTransportation-Land Development Integration

21Portland Source: PlanetizenCuritiba

THANKSTHANKSFor information and Eco2 Book: www.worldbank.org/eco2Hiroaki Suzuki, hsuzuki@worldbank.org

22