Outline Multimedia applications Outlineseas3.elte.hu/itcourse-2009/multimedia_printout.pdf ·...
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Multimedia applications
László Kálmán1 Csaba Oravecz1 Péter Szigetvári2
1Research Institute for LinguisticsHungarian Academy of Sciences
2Department of English LinguisticsEötvös Loránd University
Lecture 9. / 18 Nov, 2009
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Introduction
abstract
this lecture tells you about
• some popular multimedia devices;
• basic properties of different multimedia files
• and the applications to manipulate them;
• serving and getting media content through the web.
• Sodipodi.
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Introduction Sample exam question
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Introduction Sample exam question
Sample exam question
Sample exam question
✇ VoIP is . . .A a video file formatB a computer gameC an Internet goblinD an Internet protocol to carry voice signal ✔
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Introduction Multimedia
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Introduction Multimedia
Multimedia
• uses multiple forms of information content and informationprocessing (text, audio, graphics, animation, video,interactivity)
• also refers to the use of electronic media to store andexperience multimedia content
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia devices Internal devices
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia devices Internal devices
Display adapter (a.k.a. video/graphics card)
Figure: Video card
• generates and outputs images to a display• GPU (graphics processing unit): a microprocessor dedicated to
manipulating and rendering (3D) graphics• video memory (128MB-2GB): separate onboard memory, (video
RAM (VRAM)) to store the display image, textures, otherelements. VRAM typically runs at higher speeds than desktopRAM.
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia devices Internal devices
Sound card
Figure: Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum sound card
• in general motherboards have built-in sound functionality but forhigh quality audio separate card is needed
• music composition, editing video or audio, presentation,entertainment (games)
• full-duplex: can record and play digitized sound simultaneously
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia devices Internal devices
TV tuner card
Figure: Hauppauge WinTV
• allows television signals to bereceived by a computer
• can also function as video capturecards, allowing recording televisionprograms onto hard disk
• hybrids are capable of analog (thepresent) and digital (DVB – the future)reception
• designed for the radio frequencies and video formats used in eachcountry
• some have hardware MPEG encoders• (a tuner displaying an HDTV image on a computer monitor is
typically much cheaper than a high-definition television system. . . )
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia devices Internal devices
TV tuner card
Figure: Watching television on the desktop
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia devices Internal devices
Sample non-exam question
What is the difference between a video card with a TV outputand a TV tuner card . . .
The former allows you to make the TV a computer display, thelatter the computer display a televison.
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia devices External devices
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia devices External devices
DVD drives
DVD-ROM• DVD±RW DL: (plus/dash!!!) rewritable, dual layer, compatible with
DVD+RW and DVD-RW format• capacity: up to 8.5GB• DVD+RW supports random write access (data can be added and
removed without erasing the whole disc and starting over)• Blu-ray Disc: ultra-high-density optical disc, uses shorter
wavelength (405 nm) blue-violet laser (DVDs use a650-nm-wavelength red laser); 25-50GB (single/dual)
DVD drives• speed: up to 16x writing (21MB/s), 40x reading
logo 6= format!
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia devices External devices
Regional lockout
Regional lockout
Programming practice, code, chip, or physical barrier used toprevent the playing of media designed for a device from thecountry where it is marketed on the version of the same devicemarketed in another country.
• (video games)• DVD: DVD drives come from the factory with RPC (Regional
Playback Control)• RPC-1 (older drives): player software has the responsibility of
enforcing the region control• RPC-2 (newer drives): control is enforced by the drive’s
firmware
• In practice, many DVD players allow playback of any disc, orcan be modified to do so.
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Figure: DVD regions
Multimedia devices External devices
Portable multimedia players
Figure: 5th generation iPod
• a hard disk or flash memory basedelectronic device
• capable of storing and playing files inone or more media formats
• dedicated proprietary software,non-transferable data
• can function as mass storage deviceswith some standard file system tostore data files
• Digital Rights Management (DRM):prohibits transfer of music from onetype of device to another
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content AD conversion
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content AD conversion
Analog to digital conversion
Aim
Convert analog real-world signals to discrete digital form.
Sampling
• discretization: signal space is split into chunks and eachchunk is replaced with its representative signal
• quantization: the representative signal values areapproximated by some value from a finite set
• the higher the sampling frequency, the higher the fidelity
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content From sound to computer data
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content From sound to computer data
Sound processing
After sampling, audio signals are represented by one of a fixed numberof values → pulse-code modulation (PCM)
PCM
A digital representation of an analog signal in a series of symbols inbinary code.
Figure: 4-bit PCM of a signal
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content From sound to computer data
Sound processing
• sampling rate: from 8 (telephony) to 44.1k samples/s (CD)or 48k samples/s (professional audio)
• quantization: from 8 bits (telephony) to 16 bits (CD)• bitrate=sampling rate×quantization×num.o.channels
44100× 16× 2 = 1411.2 kbit/s
• dither: small amount of deliberately-added noise to thesignal before digitization to avoid noticeable ’jumps’ in lowlevel signals
The one major uncompressed audio format: PCM . . .
• is adequate for storing and archiving an original recordingbut
• needs large disk space
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content From sound to computer data
Important concepts I.
Audio codec (s/audio/video/gi)
A computer program/algorithm that compresses/decompressesdigital audio data according to a given audio file format orstreaming audio format. Most codecs are implemented aslibraries which interface to one or more multimedia players.
Container format
A computer file format that can contain various types of data,compressed by means of standardized codecs. The containerfile is used to identify and interleave the different data types(audio, video, subtitles, chapters, meta-data, synchronizationinfo).
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content From sound to computer data
Audio file formats
Uncompressed container formats for PCM encoded audio
• WAV(E) (.wav) Microsoft (from the Resource Interchange FileFormat (RIFF))
• Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) (.aiff) Apple• AU (.au) Sun Microsystems
Lossless compressed formats/codecs
• (lossless) Windows Media Audio (WMA) (.wma): proprietaryMicrosoft; WMA lossless codec
• Free Lossless Audio Codec (.flac) compressionrate: 30-50%
• Apple Lossless: stored within an MP4 container (.m4a);compression rate: 40-60%
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content From sound to computer data
Audio file formats
Lossy compressed formats/codecs
• MP3: (MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3)• discards components less audible to human hearing (≈ jpeg
images)• quality is heavily dependent on the choice of encoder and encoding
parameters (eg. bit rate)• has several limitations, licensing and patent problems but too
popular to be replaced by better encoders . . .
• Ogg format with Vorbis codec• open source and patent-free• cross-platform
• AAC (Advanced Audio Coding, default in Apple iTunes); WMA
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content From sound to computer data
MIDI
Musical Instrument Digital Interface
• communications protocol that enables electronic musicalinstruments, computers and other equipment to communicate,control and synchronize with each other
• does not transmit audio but only digital data about:• the pitch and intensity of musical notes to play• control signals for parameters of volume, vibrato and panning• clock signals to set the tempo
• in computers it is sound cards that are MIDI-compatible andcapable of creating realistic instrument sounds (quality sound →quality card)
• file format: Standard MIDI File (.smf, .mid)• created using computer-based sequencing software• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
➥ List_of_MIDI_editors_and_sequencers
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content From images to computer data
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content From images to computer data
Image processing
Digital image
A representation of a two-dimensional image as a finite set of digitalvalues, called picture elements or pixels.
• color• brightness information
Resolution• number of pixels in an image• single number (see eg. digital cameras) 6.2 megapixel• product (displays) 1024x768
Color depth
Number of bits used to represent the color of a single pixel (8–48 bpp).(cf. Highcolor→16bpp; Truecolor→24bpp)
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content From images to computer data
Image processing
Digital video
Digital (binary) representation of the video signal.
• composed of still images; frame: a set of all pixels that correspondto a single point in time
• normally 25–30 frames per second, depending on standard
Video compression (lossy) — codecs
• MPEGa-1 Part-2: used for Video CDs, sometimes for online video;quality ≈ VHS; normally up to 1150 kbit/s and 352x288
• MPEG-2 Part-2: used on DVD, SVCD, in most digital videobroadcasting and cable distribution systems; 720x576 and ≈ 10Mbit/s for DVD
• MPEG-4 Part-2: used for internet, broadcast, storage media;improved quality
• MPEG-4 Part-10: (Advanced Video Coding (AVC)) state of the artstandardized compression technology
• DivX, Xvid, 3ivx: different implementations of MPEG-4 Part-2• Theora: open source and patent-free competitor to MPEG-4
aMoving Picture Experts Group
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content From images to computer data
Feedback slide I.
Sample exam question
✇ Which of the following is true?A With digital video, lossless compression is typical.B AVI, MOV, Ogg are codecs whereas Vorbis, WAV are
container formats.C AVI, MOV, Ogg are container formats whereas Vorbis,
Sorenson are codecs. ✔D A video card with a TV output allows you to watch television
on the computer.
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content From images to computer data
Common image file formats
Lossless (compressed/uncompressed)
• Windows Bitmap (.bmp): a bitmapped graphics format usedinternally by the Microsoft Windows graphics subsystem;uncompressed (but compresses losslessly well) → large files
• Encapsulated Postscript (.eps): a PostScript file minimally with aBoundingBox comment, describing the rectangle containing theimage
• Graphics Interchange Format (.gif): 8-bit-per-pixel bitmapimage format using a palette of up to 256 distinct colors; losslessbut unsuitable for images with continuous color; multiple images inone file → animations
• Portable Network Graphics (.png): bitmap image format withlossless data compression (patent-free successor of GIF); noanimations, incompatible with early IE
• Tagged Image File Format (.tif(f)): widely supported losslessformat; can handle multiple images and data in a single file
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Digitizing media content From images to computer data
Common image file formats
Figure: More and morelossy. . .
Lossy compressed — JPEG
• Joint Photographic ExpertsGroup
• .jpg,.jpeg
• compression method and(commonly) file format, too butother formats can carry jpeg (eg.TIFF)
• most used for storing andtransmitting photographs on theWeb
• JPEG2000: much improvedsuccessor of jpeg but not incommon use yet
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
world
The of
color
The world of color Color models
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
The world of color Color models
Color models
Color modelA model describing the way colors can be represented astuples of numbers (typically three or four values or colorcomponents). It is associated with a precise description of howthe components should be interpreted → color space.
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
The world of color Color models
RGB color model
Red, green, blue
• uses additive color mixing, describes what kind oflight needs to be emitted to produce a given color (out ofdarkness)
• representations (color vectors):• in the range 0.0 (minimum) to 1.0 (maximum); (full intensity red
is 1.0, 0.0, 0.0); used in color science• as percentages, from 0% (minimum) to 100% (maximum) (full
intensity red is 100%, 0%, 0%)• in the range 0 to 255 (full intensity red is 255,0,0)• same in hexadecimal (full intensity red is #ff,#00,#00);
contracted to #ff0000 if used as web colors
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
The world of color Color models
Truecolor — 24 bit representation
yellow(255,255,0)
green(0,255,0)
cyan(0,255,255)
red(255,0,0)
blue(0,0,255)
red(255,0,0)
magenta(255,0,255)
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
The world of color Color models
CMYK color model
Cyan, magenta, yellow, key
• uses subtractive colors in terms of light absorption.The colors that are seen are from the part of light that is notabsorbed.
• magenta + yellow = redmagenta + cyan = bluecyan + yellow = green
• the use of black: produce pure black (without mixing threecolors, which is not perfect and expensive)
• no complete equivalance between RGB and CMYK• representation: vector with components 0.0–1.0
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
The world of color Image models
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
The world of color Image models
Raster graphics image
Figure: RGB bitmap
Bitmap
• data file or structure representinga rectangular grid of pixels(points of color)
• color of each pixel is individuallydefined
• corresponds bit for bit with animage displayed on eg. screen
• characterized by the width andheight of the image in pixels andthe number of bits per pixel
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
The world of color Image models
Vector graphics
Figure: Vector scales well
• image is represented through theuse of geometrical primitives suchas points, lines, curves, andpolygons
• mainly used today in the context oftwo-dimensional computer graphicsto create an image on a rasterdisplay
• minimal amount of informationresults in small file size
• moving, scaling, rotating, filling etc.doesn’t degrade the quality of adrawing
• indefinite zoom in (cf. image b(vector) and image c (raster))
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Recap
Recap
Whatever the source of various signals, for computers a binary(bitwise) representation is needed → digitization.
Sound, video• continuous (analog) signal → binary data
• sampling• quantization (resolution)
• compression (lossy/lossless) → codecs
• storage → container files/formats
Colors• binary representation of the color spectrum: RGB, CMYK
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Recap
Recap
Images
• representation• raster• vector
• storage/file format
lossless lossycompressed ✔ ✔
uncompressed ✔ ✘
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Images Digital image editing
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Images Digital image editing
Digital image editing
Editing
The process of altering digital images (for home use, typicallydigital photographs) by means of specialised softwareprograms (graphics editors).
Main features of editors• selection: selecting part(s) of an image, so applying a
change selectively without affecting the entire picture;complex means (eg. edge detection, color-based, lasso)
• layers: transparent “sheets” stacked on top of each other,each capable of being individually edited
• size alteration: scaling of images
• cropping: creating a new image by removing a desiredrectangular portion from the image being cropped
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Images Digital image editing
Digital image editing
Main features of editors• noise: adding or removing noise in an image• cloning: removing unwanted elements from the image• selective color change: changing the color of specific items in
an image• image gradient: gradual blend of color• orientation: rotation and mirror• merging: merging one or more individual images into a single
picture• special effects• contrast change and brightening: improving an underexposed
image• sharpening and softening images (eliminating red-eye effect)• color adjustments ✌?
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Images Digital photography
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Images Digital photography
Digital cameras
Connectivity
USB port, as USB mass storage device. FireWire, Bluetooth or Wifialso possible. ✌?
Storage
Memory cards: CompactFlash, Memory stick, SD card (up to 8GB)
Exif — Exchangeable image file format
• specification for the image file format used by digital cameras• TIFF for the highest quality format and JPEG as a space-saving
but lower quality format; (RAW: proprietary, minimally processedformat, not standardized, plugins needed for image editors tohandle these files)
• metadata tags in images: date and time; camera settings;thumbnail; descriptions and copyright information (normallyviewable in graphical file managers ✌?)
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Images Digital photography
Exif data
Figure: Exif data in Nautilus file manager
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia on the Internet Transmitting content
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia on the Internet Transmitting content
Internet telephony
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)
• transmitting of voice conversations over the Internet (orany IP-based network)
• VoIP → VoIP free; VoIP → PSTNa not
• mobility: you can be reached regardless of where you areconnected to the network
• quality and reliability of phone connection is usuallydependent upon the quality, reliability, and speed of theinternet connection
• security: relatively easy to eavesdrop
apublic switched telephone network
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia on the Internet Transmitting content
Internet telephony
Requirements
• PC with microphone and speaker (or headset orUSBphone), or an IP telephone
• reliable Internet connection
• account with an Internet telephony service provider
• piece of software for making telephone calls over theInternet (softphone) (Skype, Gizmo, X-Lite,Coccinella, Ekiga etc.)
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia on the Internet Transmitting content
Media content on the Internet
Streaming media
• media content that is heard or viewed while it is being delivered• client-server• webcast: sending audio and/or video live over the Internet• e-Radio: continuous stream of audio with no user control
Podcasting
• multimedia computer files are transferred from a server to a client• client pulls down XML files containing the Internet addresses of
media files (mostly audio or video, but could be any file type)
Some concepts
• video podcast (vidcast/vodcast): online delivery of video ondemand
• vlog: blog that includes video• FLV (Flash Video): proprietary file format used to deliver video
over the Internet using Adobe Flash Player (cf. YouTube)
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia on the Internet Sharing media content
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia on the Internet Sharing media content
Sharing content
P2P (peer-to-peer) network
• no clients or servers, but only equal peer nodes simultaneouslyfunctioning as clients and servers to the other nodes on thenetwork
• all clients provide resources (bandwidth, storage space,computing power)
• security and legal concerns (poisoning, viruses, spamming, etc.)• most used for file sharing
File sharing
• making files available for other users to download• uses dedicated P2P network with appropriate client:
• Azureus: cross-platform; BitTorrent• Soulseek, Museek(+), soulseeX: MS, Linux, Mac; Soulseek• DC++, LinuxDC++, ShakesPeer: MS, Linux, Mac;
DirectConnect
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia applications Video players
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia applications Video players
Video players/editors
Players — free/non-free
• WMP: MS• QuickTime: Mac, MS• MPlayer: cross-platform• xine: Mac, Unix/Linux
Editors — free/non-free• Avidemux: cross-platform• Adobe Premiere Pro/Elements: MS• Final Cut: Mac• Blender: cross-platform• Cinelerra: Unix/Linux• Mencoder: cross-platform CLI• Windows Movie Maker: MS
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia applications Audio players
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia applications Audio players
Audio players/editors
Players — free/non-free
• Amarok: Unix/Linux, Mac
• BS.Player: MS; free with prop. license
• iTunes: Mac, MS; free with prop. license
• Winamp: MS; free with prop. license
• XMMS: Unix/Linux, Mac
Editors — free/non-free• Audacity: cross-platform
• Goldwave: MS
• Rosegarden: Unix/Linux
• Pro Tools: Mac, MS
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia applications Image editors
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia applications Image editors
Graphics editors
Raster — free/non-free• ImageMagick: cross-platform CLI
• GIMP: cross-platform
• Adobe Photoshop: Mac, MS
• Paint.Net: MS
Vector — free/non-free• Adobe Illustrator: Mac, MS
• CorelDRAW: MS
• Openoffice Draw: cross-platform
• Inkscape: cross-platform
• Sodipodi: Linux, MS
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia applications Software galore
Outline1 Introduction
Sample exam questionMultimedia
2 Multimedia devicesInternal devicesExternal devices
3 Digitizing media contentAD conversionFrom sound to computer dataFrom images to computer data
4 The world of colorColor modelsImage models
5 Recap6 Images
Digital image editingDigital photography
7 Multimedia on the InternetTransmitting contentSharing media content
8 Multimedia applicationsVideo playersAudio playersImage editorsSoftware galore
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia
Multimedia applications Software galore
Multimedia software galore
Links• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
➥ Comparison_of_file_sharing_applications➥ Comparison_of_media_players➥ List_of_video_editing_software➥ Comparison_of_video_editing_software➥ List_of_raster_graphics_editors➥ List_of_vector_graphics_editors➥ Comparison_of_raster_graphics_editors➥ Comparison_of_vector_graphics_editors
Kálmán, Oravecz, Szigetvári Multimedia