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Outline:
• Invasiono Penetrating barriers
• Avoiding the Host Defenseso Hiding within a host cello Avoiding killing by CSPo Avoiding destruction by phagocyteso Avoiding antibodies
Invasion: Breaching Anatomical Barriers
• Find new niche with few competitors• Gain access to rich nutrient supply• 1. Skin: tough barrier, rely on skin-damaging
injuries (wounds, cuts) (Staphylococcus aureus) • 2. Crossing mucous membrane (e.g.
intestinal epithelial cells) (Most pathogens)
Ruffling method of invasion
Shigella and Listeria species
Avoiding the Host Defenses1. Hiding within host cells• Cell-to-cell Spreading
Avoiding the Host Defenses• 2. Avoiding complement killing
– Gram- bacteria are susceptible to MAC because their outer membrane serves as a target.
– Serum resistant bacteria– The same mechanism as the host cells use
Avoiding the Host Defenses
• Avoiding destruction by phagocytes
• Avoiding Antibodies
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Avoiding the Host Defenses