Outliers

1. Outliers
About men and women who do things that are out of the ordinary

2. The 10,000 hour rule- magic number of greatness
University of Michigan had one of the most advanced computer programs in the world
The most famous student was Bill Joy
Voted most studious student in his school
It meant according to him no date nerd
Much of the software that allows us to access the internet was written by Joy
He rewrote UNIXand wrote java
3. Question?
Was it pure meritocracy .
He says it is a combination of ability, opportunity and some arbitrary advantage
4. The closer Psychologists look at the careers of gifted, the smaller the role innate talent plays and the bigger the role preparation seems to play
Mozart , didnt produce his greatest work until he had been composing for more than 20 years
To become a Chess grandmaster,takes about 10 years
To put in 10,000 hours on anything takes about 10 years
5. Back to bill joy

Michigan programming 8 to 10 hours a day

6. Berkley day and night 7.Add up all 10,000 hours 8.Learning:practice makes you perfect Opportunities
He happened to go to the best school
This was the era when computer programs were created using card board punch cards
He had the opportunity to practice on a time sharing system instead of punching cards
Because the Michigan system happened to have a bug in it , he could program all, he wanted
Because the university was willing to spend money to keep it open 24 hours , he could stay up all night
Because he put in so much effort, when he got the opportunity to rewrite UNIX he was ready
9. Bill gates
Bill gates
At the beginning of the seventh grade was sent to lakeside ( school for kids of elite)
This school had a computer club in 1968
The school had a time sharing terminal
Mothers of lakeside school had enough money to pay for the schools computer fees
one of the parents happened to work at c-Cubed ( someone had to check its code on weekends)
Gates happened to find out about ISI, and they required a software for the payrolls
Gates happened to live within waling distance of Washington university
It offered him free time between 3 am and 6 am in the morning
TRW called somebody called Pembroke to find out the best programmers.He knew only Bill gates
All this gave Bill gates time to practice and become an expert
By the time he dropped out of Harvard he had done programming for seven consecutive years. He was way past 10,000 hours
According to Gates only 50 kids in the entire world would have had this kind of opportunity
10. 1975
Most important date in the history of the personal computer revolution was January 1975
Magazine popular electronics ran a cover story on a super machine called Altair 8800
Do it yourself mini computer kit , you could assemble at home
11. 1975
If you were too old in 1975, you are already with IBM making it difficult to make the transition to the new world
The perfect age to be in 1975 is old enough to be part of the revolution. You should be 20 or 21
Bill gates 1955 -
Paul Allen 1953 Founder Microsoft
Steve Ballmer 1956 3rd richest in Microsoft
Steve jobs 1955 Apple
Eric Schmidt 1955 CEO Google
12. 1975
Bill Joy 1954
Founders of Sun Microsystem
Scott mcNealy 1954
Vinod Khosla 1955
Andy Bechtolsheim 1955
13. 1860s & 70 s
Greatest change in American History
Railroads
Wall street
Industrial manufacturing
Rules of traditional economy were broken
How old were you when the transformation happened
Born in the 40s too young
Born in the 20s too old
14. 1860s & 70 s
Rockfeller 1839 ( standard oil)
Andrew Carnegie 1835 ( Steel )
Fredrickweyerhauseuser 1834
Jay Gould 1836 ( Union pacific)
Marshal Field 1834 (
George baker 1840 ( rail road of NJ)
Hetty Green 1834 ( Bank)
James Fair 1831 ( Virginia mining)
Henry Rogers 1840 ( standard oil company)
JP Morgan 1837 ( general electric)
Oliver Payne 1839 (Standard oil company)
George Puliman 1831( Pull man)
Peter Arrell 1834 (American Tobacco)
Philip Armour 1832(Armour refrigerator)
15. Beatles
Came to USAin 1964
In 1960 they were a struggling school rock band
Were invited to play in Hamburg, Germany
They were asked to play hour after hour to catch the passing traffic
In Liver pool they played one hoursession
In Hamburg, they played seven nights a week , 8 hours a day
16. Beatles
On their first trip they played 106 nights
5 or more hours a night
In just over a year and a half, they played performed 270 nights
By 1964, they had performed live an estimated 1200 times
Most bands dont do that in their entire career
They were close to 10,000 hours in 10 years
Their talent undeniable, but their extraordinary opportunities madethem prepare
Learning: Practice
17. Canada and Ice hockey
In the elite group of hockey players
40 % were born between January and Feb
30 % April and June
20 % between July and September
10 % October and December
18. Canada and Ice hockey
Nothing to do with Astrology
The eligibility cut of date for age- class hockey is january 1st .
A boy who turns 10 on Jan 2nd is playing alongside someone who doesnt turn 10 until the end of next year
At that age a twelvemonth gap in age represents an enormous difference in physical maturity
He gets twice as much as someone who get left behind due to Jan 1st date
By the age of 14, this extra practice giveshim the edge
19. The trouble with Genuises
Knowledge of a boys iq is of little help if you are faced with a formful of clever boys
1 vs 100
100 ordinary people who serve as what is called mob
1 person , special guest has to answer them
Christoperlangan IQ 195 ( Einstein 150)
Considered as the smartest man in USA
When his winnings reached $2,50,000
Says I will take the cash and walks away
20. The trouble with geniuses - 2
Chris Langan
Started talking in6 months
Taught himself to read at 3 years
Mother missed a deadline to sign his financial aid form
Pleads his case
Scholarship taken away
Oppenheimer
Tries to poison his tutor
Pleads his case
Sent to a psychiatrist
Becomes scientific directorof the Manhattan project
The particular skill that allows you to talk your way out of a murder rap or convince your professor to move you from the morning to the afternoon section
practical intelligence
Knowing what to say to whom
Knowing when to say
knowing how to say it for maximum effect
Oppenheimer had both general intelligence and practical intelligence
Oppenheimer
Raised in a wealthy neighborhood
Son of an artist
Weekends spent in country side
Summers in Europe
Chris Langan
Home dominated by an angry drunken stepfather
As a child
Distrust authority
Be independent
Never had a parent to teach him how to speak up for himself
23. The ethnic theory of plane crashes
The loss rate for an airline like United Airlines in 1988 to 1998 was .27 per million departures
They lost a plane in an accident about once in every 4 million flights
The loss rate for Korean aire
4.79 per million departures
More than 17 times higher
24. Audit
Flight crews were smoking on the tarmac
duringrefueling
In the freight area
When the plane was in the air
Crew read news papers thru the flight
Often with news papers held in such a way that if a warning light came on it would not be noticed
Numerous procedural violations
Korean president our countrys credibility is at stake
25. Miracle
Korean air turned itself around
Is today part of the Skyteam alliance
Safety record spotless since 1999
2006 won the Phoenix award
26. Miracle
In an overwhelming number of cases the plane is behind schedule , pilots are hurrying
In 52 % of the crashes , pilot at the time of accident has been awake for 12 hours or more
Tired and not thinking
44 % of the time , two pilots have never flown together
The whole flight deck design is intended to be operated by two people and that operation works best when you have one person checking the otherChief engineer for safety at Boeing.
27. Avianca accident 1990
Route Colombia toNew York
Poor weather
230 flights delayed
Flight was held up by the Air traffic controller three times
Plane circled for a long time , an hour and a half before it was cleared
The plane crashed in the real estate owned bu the father of JohnMcCnroe
Reason Fuel exhaustion

Outliers

Technology

Transcript of Outliers