! > a : \ I i

Irish Press-man boosts Unionism!

WHICH SIDE IS HE ON? I R I S H peop le in B r i t a i n b u y

b e l i e v e tha t w i t h a l l i ts I r e l a n d .

Ii t h e n , w h a t is Di s m o n c l F i s l u r ' Jo in : b o o s t i n g t h e U l s t e r L a b i g r o u p w h o s e a v o w e d o b j e c t

ti ; c rV ' ill t h e B r i t i s h L a b o u r P a r t y ' j - ' c o t n i n g a n t i - p a r t i t i o n a n d r i ' j ) p . i ' . : . j i h o I r e l a n d A c t ?

In ..:. ru- .;;nt of a n i n t e r v i e w v.-ith C ' . :k ' i K a n g a r o o M r . D a v i d J iu ' ; . - ... D m o n d F i s h e r a d m i t s

; j h a s o n l y l ive m e m -

t h e " I r i s h Press" because they f a u l t s it be l ieves in a un i ted

U n i o n i s m by s u p p o r t i n g it. Aw! F i s h e r go f o r a r i d e in a S p u t n i k !

NOW LOOK OUT FOR

YOUR JOB! 2,000,000 to be unemployed

IRISHMEN MUST MEET CHALLENGE k^L R. MacMillan, Prime Minister of England, has said that he counts on having

2 ,000 ,000 unemployed within two years, and that he will keep that number unemployed.

Unemploymen t is considered to be the only way to p revent the I rade Unions f r o m asking for more wages .

I r i s h m e n a r e : a f f e c t e d .

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' I h t C o l . : . ;i\ A s s o c i a t i o n . Willi .1- h ' : : . : ; r e u • of m e m b e r s in L o n -d o n a l o n e , t r a n c h e s t h r o u g h o u t t h e v i r . t t s . a n d w i d e l y - c i r c u -l a t e d ::t -.v.-uatKT t h e " I r i s h D e m o -c r a t " . :• iv ' w o r t h m e n t i o n i n g !

W h i c h side is he on? W h i c h side Is the I r i sh Press

on?

Ai.ci '.vk.v d o c s t h i s c o n f u s e d m a n j-.-.ve : 1 s a y t o j u s t i f y h i s . , ; r r i ; , : .u.svs of t h e L a b o u r I :>-•::: ' -y

T h i s : ' It Is s k i l f u l l y u n d e r m i n -i ng t h e Un ion i s t pos i t ion by s t r e s s i n g i ts own P R O - B O R D E R pol i c i e s . ' !•":•. ..:«•!.' I ' n d e i ' i n i n i n ' j B c ' t a s t

IN V A L I DS R. P A T R I C K K I L R O Y , l ong

s i c r e i a r y of t h e M a n c h e s t e r b r a n c h of t h e C o n n o l l y A s s o c i a t i o n , is .slowly c o n v a l e s c i n g a t t h e I / ady-w o o d S a n a t o r i u m , E c c l e s New L o a d . S a l f o r d , M a n c h e s t e r 7.

Mr. Val Deegan, of W e s t L o n d o n b r a n c h , is d o i n g wel l a t C o l i n d a l e H o s p i t a l i W a r d 1 >, L o n d o n . N.9.

Miss Mol ly Downes, r e c e n t l y in-j u r e d m a m o t o r a c c i d e n t , is now t o a l l a p p e a r a n c e s c o m p l e t e l y re-c o v e r . d, a n d h a s b e e n a t H y d e P a r k a n d ' I r a l a l g a r S q u a r e .

ELECTION | Less t h a n ha l f t he electorate

voted in the D u b l i n by-elect ion in m id -November . I ndependen t was

B o t t o m of t he pell was | Labour . I " T h i s is oecause Labour ignores I the Na t iona l ques t i on and S inn I Fe in ignores the socia l quest ion,"

sa id Connol ly Assoc ia t ion speakers i n London. W h e n w i l l Ihey learn sense?"

MOTION ON PARTITION

? y | R . j a c k M c q u i l l a n , t . d . m o v e d a m o t i o n n the Oail

c a l l i n g on the G o v e r n m e n t to in-s t r u c t t h e Irish d e l e g a t e at the U n i t e d N a t i o n s to d e m a n d the s e n d i n g of U.N.O. observers to the Six C o u n t i e s a n d to set up m a c h i n -ery for a n a t i o n a l p leb i sc i t e of the e n t i r e people on part i t ion .

W h i l e p a r t i t i o n l a s t e d , s a i d M r . M c Q u i l l a n . I r e l a n d w a s l .ke a b i r d w i t h o n e w i n g .

D e p u t y D e s m o n d p o i n t e d o u t h o w p r o m i n e n t p e o p l e f r o m t h e S i x C o u n t i e s a t t e n d soc ia l e v e n t s m D u b l i n . W h i l e t h e r e w a s no p a r t i t i o n b e t w e e n t h e r i ch , t h e a r -g u m e n t i n d i c a t e d , t h e c o u n t r y h a d c r a m m e d : n t e r r . . v . e n t c a m p s .

Mr. Aiken s u c c e s s f u l l y moved the a d j o u r n m e n t . A week later the

I m o t i o n w a s lost by 17 to 62. The on ly s u p p o r t M c Q u i l l a n got was

i f r o m the Labour Party .

! E f f o r t s will be m a d e by t h e yel-j low P r e s s , b e g i n n i n g w i t h t h e l i t t l e j L o n d o n - o o r o u g h p o i s o n s h e e t s , to j s t a r t u p a n t i - I r i s h a n d a n t i - c o l o u r

f e e l i n g .

B u t t o a v o i d f a l l i n g i n t o t h e T o r y | t r a p I r i s h m e n m u s t k n o w how t o j t i g lu b a c k . A n d we s a y " l i g h t back , I b o v s " a n d v. c'll tel l vou h o w to do I

it. ! | T h e w . n to f i g h t b a c k is to j o i n ! w i t h t h e ve ry p e o p l e w h o m t h e | B r i t i s h T o r y G o v e r n m e n t is so

a f r a i d of . T h e G o v e r n m e n t w a n t s u n e m p l o y m i lit to d e f e a t t h e u n i o n s e n d h a v e u s all c r a w l i n g o n o u r

! be l l i e s f o r a job t h e r e ' l l b e n o two-p e n c e o v e r t h e r a t e t h e n !

; B u t we ' l l j o i n w i t h t h e u n i o n s in ' d e l e a t i n g t h e i r e f f o r t s , a n d w i t h I t h e e n t i r e B r i t i s h L a b o u r move -| m e n t a n d p a c k t h i s b i g b u s i n e s s | b o s s e s ' g o v e r n m e n t o u t of office.

T a k e n o n o t i c e of t h o s e w h o say | it " i s n ' t I r i s h " to b e l o n g t o t h e

B r i t i s h t r a d e . u n i o n m o v e m e n t . I t i is I r i s h to l i g h t f o r y o u r r i g h t s as

a w o r k e r w h e r e v e r y o u a r e . A n d I it w a s g o o d e n o u g h f a r J a m e s

C o n n o l l y . J i m L a r k i n , S e a n M a c -D e r m o t t a n d M i c h a e l D a v i t t . I t o u g h t t o d o f o r you , t h e n .

A n d if i t d o e s n ' t . . well , d o n ' t I b l a m e us w h e n y o u j o i n t h e d o l e

q u e u e . D o n ' t s a y w e d i d n ' t w a r n .

C O N F E R E N C E In order to h e l p peop le to g e t t h e

m e a s u r e of t h e d a n g e r t h e "Ir i sh Democra t" is c a l l i n g a c o n f e r e n c e at the Holborn Hall , L o n d o n , o n

' February 23rd.

i We w a n t every s e r i o u s - m i n d e d I r i s h m a n to be p r e s e n t ; e v e r y

J reader of the " D e m o c r a t " is in-vited. We w a n t to d i s c u s s w i t h y o u w h a t the Irish c a n do to g e t rid of the d a n g e r o u s n i n c o m p o o p s w h o have got in to contro l of Br i tp in over the d iv i s ion a n d flabbiness of the l eaders or t n e people .

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sive miss ion in the C a m -den T o w n a r e a has c o n v i n c e d Jesu i t F a t h e r s t h a t pol i t ics is not t h e cause of the " f o r m i d -ab le t a s k " of k e e p i n g touch w i t h ' lapsed C a t h o l i c s . "

I : . . ,ei i :. ild ol st o p p i n g a s e l l e r ' : : h e I n - 1 : D e m o c r a t " at A i ' h n g -

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Catholic Herald's admission

Anseo is Ansiud TA Oi reach tas eile c r i ochna i t he

ano is agus m u i n t i r na Gaol-tach ta a bin m a r l o m a i t h e o i r i i m i t h e abha i le ar is . Ni fheadar cad i an t u a i r i m a ta aca ar c h u i d de luch t s t i u r t h a an Oi reachta is a cheapann gu rb e sAbhaMt na Gae-ilge b h e i t h ag r incc i dTeach an A r d - M h a o i r agus cu la i the t ra th -nona o r t h a agus iad ag l abha i r t Gaei lge go brea deas me<ln-aic-in iu i l . Dar ndo ni fe id i r ach t ua i r -im a m h a i n a bhe i t h aca agus gan r o m p a ach an im i rce .

Do re i r d e a l r a i m h t<1id ar l i am-h a r c l a n n Ghae i lge a chur suas i m B a i l e A l h a C l ia t l i . Connradh na Gaei lge a l a i m b u n na hoibre seo agus fa se i n a m a le i f lnbd de scb im a f h a b h a i r l c h u n cr ichc. Ta ag e i r i c h o m h m a i t h Ic T a i b h d -hcarc na G a i l l i m h e go m b t i g e a n do ibh le deana i ta ispe i in tas eile a c h u r ar sail den d rama a bh i a l e i r i u aca. A i s f r i u c h a n on mBAar-l:i ab ea 6 I re is in .

T. i c o m h l u c h t nua, Gae l ta ra E i reann , c u r l h a ar bun chun na nonsca i l at,1 ins na Gao l tach ta i a r i a r a d h agus c i n n nua a chur ar bun. T i obair m h o r ro im is a n g c o m h l u c h t ma s6 an cuspOir a ta aige an G h a o l f a c h t a s h l b h a i l . Chun r u d a m h i i n a lua, ta na ceanna agus na ca la i thc i ng^a r gha le fgacha in t na nd ia idh . T a se seo go hana-sho i l6 i r i gCo. Ch i -a r r a i g h c anois n u a i r ata f cabhas mOr t aga i t he a r an iasca i rcach t , r u d nach r a i b h co innc leis.

lo l l R o a d a n d a k m - , h i m il h e be-l l e d d in t h e p a p e r . H e t h e n fold F r . S h e l l t h a t l ie wa a t t e n d i n g t h e m i s s i o n a: weil.

But in ano the r se t t i ng , a house in the Camden T o w n area where there was no ques t i on of social ism, a young boy to ld the pr iest tha t a f t e r he was dead he wou ld "van ish i n t o no th ingness j us t l ike his dog."

Every member of the Con-nol ly Assoc ia t ion is ent i t led by i ts c o n s t i t u t i o n to pract ise his re l ig ion w i t h o u t interference., to wha tever degree and in

whatever m a n n e r appears to h i m best. T h e Associat ion ne i the r teaches against rel i-g ion nor teachos re l ig ion . I t is pure ly po l i t i ca l .

D I S C O V E R Y T h e s t a r t l i n g d iscover ; , t h a t all

t h " c h o r u s m t h e I r i s h p a p e r s a b o u t l l ie C o n n o l l y A s s o c i a t i o n u n d e r m i n i n g t h e l a i t h ol t h e exi les is n o t h i n g but p o l i t i c a l l v - m o t i v a t e d lies, m a y h a v e a c o n s i d e r a b l e e f f e c t on po l i cy in t h e f u t u r e .

' r i l e J e s u i t l a t h e r s h a v e ca l led ;il i n n u m e r a b l e h o m e s A n u m b e r ol m e m b e r s ol t h e C o n n o l l y Asso-

AMNESTY COMMITTEE MOVES f r o m S h e i l a O ' B r i e n

4 C O M M I T T E E is i n the process ' ' of being fo rmed , sponsored in i -t i a l l y by the Conno l l y Associat ion and I r i sh Self - D e t e r m i n a t i o n League and the " I r i s h Democrat " , to conduct a c a m p a i g n for the re-lease ol I r i sh r epub l i can prisoners, pa r t i cu l a r l y those in B r i t a in , but as far as possible a l l republ ican pr isoners. Readers w i l l recall tha t those sentenced in connec t ion w i t h the Arbor f ie ld Ra id of August 1955 received l i fe i m p r i s o n m e n t .

Our v iewpo in t is t h a t these sen-tences were u n j u s t l y harsh and are a s tand ing i n v i t t A i o n to judges to give longer sentences for pol i t i -cal olfences t h a t wou ld be the case for c iv i l offences. So the mat te r is of publ ic in terest to al l democrats in these is lands w h e t h e r they agree w i t h the methods or even the ob-ject ives of the m e n concerned.

General r e c o g n i t i o n of th is is a l so i m p o r t a n t so t h a t it can at no t i m e be used as a p r e c e d e n t to jail t rade u n i o n i s t s or o t h e r democrats . But it is of s p e c i a l c o n c e r n for the Irish in Br i ta in a n d in support of w h i c h all Ir ish p e o p l e and organ-

i sa t ions here shou ld not hesitate to un i te .

F u r t h e r , if sentences are given on po l i t i ca l grounds, those so sen-tenced shou ld be t rea ted as po l i t i -cal pr isoners, not as o rd ina ry civi l or c r i m i n a l cases as is happen ing at present . i

Such steps wou ld be in the best in teres ts of jus t ice and the im-p rovemen t of re la t ions between the people of B r i t a i n and I re land and the defence of democra t i c and civi l l iber t ies wh i ch al l decent people have at hear t .

A mee t ing w i l l be held shor t ly to f o r m a campa ign commit tee rr presentat ive not on ly of I r ish people in B r i t a i n but we hone ol a l l those who value just ice in Its t r ue sense. I i nv i t e a l l those interested to

w r i t e to me care of the " I r i s h D e m o c r a t " , 374 Grays I n n Road, L o n d o n , W.C.1.

N o n o of us shou ld al low Christ-m a s to p a s s w i thout a t h o u g h t on w h a t w e c a n do to h e l p t h o s e p r i s o n e r s .

SHEILA O ' B R I E N , A c t i n g Secretary .

cial . ion h a v e b e e n v i s i t e d . T h e pr ies t s , h a v e d i s c o v e r e d t h a t t h e s e e . a b s l i c a i l ' . - m i n d e d I r i s h a r e s o b e r , r e s p o n s i b l e c i t i / e n s . k e e p i n g l l i e . r c h i l d r e n p r o p e r l y a n d pos-s e s s i n g t h e u n m i s t a k e a b l e a i r ol self r e s p e c t .

O t h e r c a u s e s tire b e i n g s o u g h t to e x p l a i n t h e n u m b e r of l a p s i n g s I m m t h e C a t h o l i c f a i t h . T h e s e a r e b e i n g looked for in t h e d i r e c t i o n ol " p - i g a i i i n l l u e n c e s " ol a n o n - p o l i t i -ca l k i n d .

At. t h e : a m c t i m e t h e r e is likely t o be a c o n t i n u a t i o n ol t h e d i s c u s -: ion w h i c h r e c e n t l y a p p e a r e d in t h e c o l u m n s of "f ur row" ' , o r g a n of Ma;, no.it ii.

T h e I r i s h h i e r a r c h y h a s been u n d e r c o n t i n u o u s p r e s s u r e t o use lis i n f l u e n c e a g a i n s t t h e C o n n o l l y A - o c i a t i o n a n d S i n n F e i n . T h i s p i t . s u r e h a s c o m e I t o rn B r i t i s h i m p e r i a l i s t q u a r t e r T h e f a m o u s a p p e a l ol "I h e T i m e s ' t o C a r d i n a l D A l t o n i a c a s e m |x>int . But now t h e ; e ;s r e a s o n to b e l i e v e t h a t p:-i m i m lit m e m b e r s ol I h e C h u r c h a r e i evnl t i i i '

li is b e i n g sa id p r i v a t e l y t l ia l Mr . D o u g l a s H y d e h a s d r i v e n m o r e p e o p l e a . ' . a ' I r o m t h e C h u r c h t h a n a i r . o i l i e r m a n in t h i s c e n t u r y He h a s I old Ca i hol ies t h a t t h e i r reli-g ion d e m a n d s t h a t t h e y l i ne u p u i t l i a l l t h e m o s t b a c k w a r d reae -t i o n a r v a n d a n t . - w o r k i n g c l a s s m o v e m e n t m I h e w o r l d In t h e : m m ' i s s u e of t h e " C a t h o l i c H e r a l d " w h i c h c o n t a i n s F r . S h e d ' s m o d e s t a n d m o d e r a t e r e p o r t , Doug-las H y d e is g l o r i f y i n g D r . Aden-a u e r . t h e o c t o g e n a r i a n wou ld be H i t l e r of W e s t e r n G e r m a n y . P u r e p o l i t i c s !

It is a m a t t e r ol h i s t o r y t h a t a t -t e m p t s to e m b r o i l t h e C h u r c h m p o l i t i c s a r e a f a v o u r i t e t r i c k of t h o s e v h o s e c r e t l y w a n t , t o s m a s h it. It. i s ve ry m u c h t o b e hoj>ed that , t in1 r evo l t i n d i c a t e d by F r ipheil will c o n t i n u e

We w a n t every t r a d e u n i o n i s t wi th a spark ot lire in h i m to c o m e . We w a n ; io u s c u s s w i t h h i m t h e need to see t h e I r i s h m a n ' s p o i n t of view if he w a n t s 100 per c e n t , t r a d e u n i o n i s m a m o n g t h e Irish.

We w a n t all to c o n s i d e r t h e pro-pos i t ion t h a t if Irish n a t i o n a l i s m and Br i t i sh L a b o u r i s m J O I N F O R C E S ( a n d t h a t m a y m e a n looking at the o t h e r m a n ' s c a s e ) , then w e can s w e e p a w a y T o r y i s m a n d Imper ia l i sm, a n d at o n e Blow free Ire land and g i v e t h e v a r i l u s i n h a b i t a n t s of B r i t a i n s e c u r i t y and a good l iv ing .

S e n d for c r e d e n t i a l s to 374 G r a y s Inn Road, London, W.C.1, g e t y o u r T.U. b r a n c h to s e n d d e l e g a t e s — a n d if you arc an I r i s h m a n , j u s t w a l k in:

EXPLOSION IN CO. LOUTH

I^ I V E b o d i e s , i n c l u d i n g t h a t of f o r e s t r y w o r k e r M i c h a e l W a t e r s ,

w e r e f o u n d a f t e r a n e x p l o s i o n a t E d e n t o b e r , Co . L o u t h , w h e r e y o u n g m e n h a d f o r e g a t h e r e d t o e x p e r i -m e n t w i t h e x p l o s i v e s .

A c a r w i t h s e v e r a l m e n i n s i d e h a d r e c e n t l y b e e n in t h e l o c a l i t y l a t e a t n i g h t , a n d a b u l l e t - s c a r r e d v a n w a s s u b s e q u e n t l y f o u n d t h r e e -q u a r t e r s o | a m i l e f r o m C r o . s s m a e -len.

T h i s a p p a l l i n g t r a g e d y s h o u l d s t i m u l a t e a l l w e l l - w i s h e r s of I r e -l a n d t o s t r i v e f o r a n e a r l y s e t t l e -m e n t of t h e b o r d e r q u e s t i o n . T h e loss of h i e . e s p e c i a l l y y o u n g a n d p a t r i o t i c l i fe , wil l b e d e p l o r e d e v e r y v. h e r e

It will h e widely h e l d t h a t t h e c o m n e n s a t i n g a d v a n c e m e n t of t h e I r i s h n a t i o n a l c a u s e w a s . smal l in p r o p o r t i o n t o t h e los.s i n c u r r e d . B u t il r e m a i n s t r u e t h a t so l o n g a s B r i t a i n o j c u p i e s s i x I r i s h c o u n t i e s , t h e i e will lie f o u n d y o u n g m e n w h o will r r g a r d n o r i sk its t o o g r e a t , n o s a c r i f i c e a s t o o . smai l . f o r t h e a c h i e v e m e n t of t h e s l i g h t e s t g a i n , o r e v e n a n i m a g i n a r y o n e .

T h e o n l y a p p r o a c h f o r p r a c t i c a l p e o p l e is t o c o m p e l B r i t a i n t o w i t h -d r a w f r o m I r e l a n d , a n d s o e n d t h e i r r i t a n t t h a i h a s b e e n t h e c a u s e of a l l t h e t r o u b l e .

T h e t r u e c a u s e of d e a t h of t h e y o u n g m e n , i r r e s p e c t i v e of w h a t o r -g a n i s a t i o n t h e y b e l o n g to . Is n o t a c c i d e n t , n o r l e l o d e se; I t is m a n -s l a u g h t e r b y B r i t i s h i m p e r i u l L s n i .

2 THE IRISH DEMOCRAT December 1957

"UNITED WE STAND—DIVIDED WE FALL f f

U N I T E D we stand. D iv ided we fa l l " says the slogan on the trade union

banner. It applies to us as fighters for nat ional independence. It also applies to us as workers, b readwinners for our wives and chi ldren. N e v e r was soli-dar i ty between I r ish and Engl ish workers so important .

To-day we see a d e l i b e r a t e a t t a c k by t h e Tory G o v e r n m e n t ( t h e bully of s m a l l n a t i o n s / , on t h e t r a d e un ions , t h e only o r g a n i s a t i o n s which p r o t e c t t h e c o m m o n people. T h e Chance l l o r of t h e E x c h e q u e r h a s d e c l a r e d war on w a g e s , on h o m e s fo r t h e people , on h e a l t h a n d T.B. services . T h e y w a n t to c r e a t e a r e se rve a r m y of u n e m p l o y e d , wi th i ts r e s u l t a n t pove r ty , misery , dole, d i s t r e s sed a r e a s like J a r r o w of old, a n d Publ ic A s s i s t a n c e . T h e peop le m u s t n e v e r pe rmi t a r e t u r n to t h e mi se ry of t h e 1930s. Our on ly d e f e n c e lies in s o l i d a r i t y in t h e E n g l i s h t r a d e u n i o n m o v e m e n t . A f t e r all, we h a v e to h a v e a n E n g l i s h boss, so w h y n o t an E n g l i s h t r a d e u n i o n to oppose h i m ?

T H E O B J E C T O F T R A D E

U N I O N I S M T h e o b j e c t of t h e t r a d e un ion o r g a n i s a -

t ion is to e l i m i n a t e c o m p e t i t i o n b e t w e e n w o r k e r s to the i r m u t u a l a d v a n t a g e , w h i c h m e a n s we c a n s e c u r e m o r e s a t i s f a c t o r y c o n d i t i o n s . T h e t r a d e u n i o n s in th i s c o u n -try f o u g h t a n d won fo r t h e workers, t h e r i g h t t o vote, t h e r i g h t t o s t r ike , t he e i g h t -h o u r day . t h e pol i t ica l e d u c a t i o n a n d or-g a n i s a t i o n of t he u n s k i l l e d and sk i l led i w h i c h of course n e e d s to be car r ied fo r -w a r d p a r t i c u l a r l y in h e l p i n g I r e l and a n d t h e co lonies t owards f r e e d o m i. T h e t r a d e u n i o n m o v e m e n t o f fe r s a n o p p o r t u n i t y f o r I r i s h a n d Eng l i sh w o r k e r s to u n d e r s t a n d each o t h e r s p r o b l e m s to work t o g e t h e r u n d e r t h e b a n n e r of t r a d e un ion i sm a n d to e n d t h e exp lo i t a t i on of polit ical d i f f e r -ences b e t w e e n t h e t w o peoples a n d be-

u n d Ca tho l i c s m I n

W h e n in the t r a d e union, t h e I r i s h m a n h n d > it easy to be ac t ive . Look a t all t h e s h o p s tewards w h o a r e I r ish , a n d t h a t ' s t h e toughes t of po l i t i ca l jobs. I t was t h e s a m e with F e r g u s O 'Connor . J a m e s Con-nol ly and J i m L a r k i n , a lways mov ing a b o u t a m o n g t h e people, s p e a k i n g , or-g a n i s i n g . never l ong s i t t i ng in a s t u f f y office. If you h a t e w h a t t h e B r i t i s h sol-d i e r s do and d id in I r e l a n d r e m e m b e r it w a s t h e Eng l i sh bosses who s e n t t h e m t h e r e and not t h e E n g l i s h worker .

T H E B U I L D I N G T R A D E Because houses are built in the open

air, the majority of Irishmen go into the building trade. How many realise the post-war prosperity in this industry is now coming to an end?

A little obse rva t i on shows t h e I r i s h lads t h a t t he best w o r k i n g cond i t ions a r e w h e r e t h e r e a r e most in t h e t r a d e un ions . W h e r e t h e r e ' s no t r ade u n i o n o r g a n i s a t i o n t h e r e ' s a l so no provision f o r meals , no w a s h i n g fac i l i t i es or s a n i t a t i o n . T h e f a c t t h a t an a g r e e m e n t was s i g n e d by t h e M a s t e r Bui lders ' F e d e r a t i o n a n d t h e N a t i o n a l Fede ra t i on of B u i l d i n g T r a d e O p e r a t i v e s f o r the se t t ing u p of a w e l f a r e code to app ly on every b u i l d i n g s i te a n d workshop , d o e s not m e a n c o n d i t i o n s will be good. T h e word of t h e bu i ld ing boss is a s good a s t h e word of t h e a b s e n t e e l a n d l o r d in t i ie old days.

The building scaffold is no place for bravado. Remember you've only one neck. If you want to break it do so in your own time not in the boss's. As it is a very high accident rate exists on building jobs. There is greater personal safety on or-ganised jobs with trade union recognit ion and where the boss has been forced to keep to the Working Rule Agreement .

W e Irish w o r k e r s m u s t t a k e s o m e re-

THE CASE FOR TRADE UNIONISM spons ib i l i ty lor the f ac t t h a t only a b o u t a t h i r d of bu i ld ing workers a r e in t h e union . W e know it 's diff icul t w h e n you ' r e d r i f t i n g f r o m job to job. O f t e n a m a n j o i n s in L o n d o n . Six m o n t h s la te r he ' s o f t e n down t h e c o u n t r y . H e loses c o n t a c t w i t h t h e u n i o n a n d t e n d s to let h i s c a r d r u n out . P e r h a p s w h e n he l i cop te r s b e c o m e c h e a p e r t h e bui ld ing u n i o n s will use t h e m to col-lect d u e s a n d keep in t ouch .

T h e g r e a t e s t evil in t h e b u i l d i n g indus -t r y to -day is over t ime . I a m a c a r p e n t e r a n d I h a v e worked on jobs w h e r e o v e r t i m e t o t h e e x t e n t of a h u n d r e d h o u r s or m o r e were d o n e p e r week. T h i s is very p reva -l en t in t h e exh ib i t i on s t a n d bu i ld ing in-d u s t r y , w h e r e wholesa le d i s c r i m i n a t e s a c k i n g s a r e t h e o rder of t h e day .

BRAVERY AWARDS

A C R O S S the . sea to I r e l a n d t h i s week V will go a b rown p a p e r pa rce l ad-

d re s sed to Mr. a n d Mrs . P a t r i c k Hea ly a t t he i r h o m e in Celbr idge . K i l d a r e .

W h e n t h e y open it t h e y will l ea rn lor t h e first t i m e t h a t t he i r 35-year-old son J o s e p h r i sked h is life las t J a n u a r y to save a b l ind w o m a n who fell on t h e t r a c k at F i n c h l e y R o a d tube s t a t i o n . H a m p s t e a d .

O n W e d n e s d a y . Mr. Hea ly t o g e t h e r wi th Mr. S t a n l e y S t o n e - b o t h t u b e t r a i n g u a r d s — w e r e p r e s e n t e d w i t h C a r n e g i e a w a r d s fo r o u t s t a n d i n g b r a v e r v .

GREAT S U R P R I S E A f t e r t h e p r e s e n t a t i o n , Mr . Hea ly , who

lives in Hil l f ie ld Road . W e s t H a m p s t e a d . s a i d : "My p a r e n t s know n o t h i n g abou t t h i s so I ' m go ing to s e n d t h e ce r t i f i c a t e to t h e m in I r e l a n d .

" I t will be a g r e a t su rp r i s e . B u t I ' ll tell t h e m all a b o u t it w h e n I go h o m e to see t h e m a t C h r i s t m a s . "

Edmonton. O u t - p a t i e n t s ' Dep t a t N o r t h Middlesex H o s p i t a l by Gee , W a l k e r a n d S l a t e r .

St. Pancras. 52 d w e l l i n g s at C l a r e n c e W a y s i te by Halse a n d S o n s . 39 f l a t s a n d m a i s o n e t t e s a t S p e n c e r R ise s i t e by C F. K e a r l e y .

G r e e n w i c h . - W a r e h o u s e s a t Hor l i cks W h a r f , Mordew W h a r f R o a d by J . Mil ler a n d P a r t n e r s .

Hammersmith. E x t e n s i o n s to H a m m e r -s m i t h Hasp : t a l by Y. J Lovell. 40 f l a t s a t Beck low G a r d e n s E s t a t e s by counc i l d i r e c t l abour

Tot tenham. 112 dwe l l i ngs a t Wei r Ha l l Rd . o n Rec tory F a r m s i te by D r u r y Co.

Walthamstow. S e c o n d p a r t of M c E n t e e C o u n t y T e c h n i c a l Schoo l a t N o r t h W a l t -h a m s t o w by J . J . D e a n .

Hackney. 18 f l a t s m six-storey block a t B a k e r ' s Hill h o u s i n g s i t e a n d flats a n d g a r a g e s a t C l a p h a m C o m m o n site, by c o u n c i l d i rec t labour .

West End. - O f f i c e s a n d showrooms at 14 G r e a t M a r l b o r o u g h S t r e e t by G Wimpev .

Willesden. R e i n f o r c e d conc re t e I rani iu; etc. a t 17-25 S h o o t u p Hill by W a t e s

Windsor. S e c o n d a r y School at Ded-w o r t h by W. S. T r y .

S h o r e d i t c h . S e c o n d a r y School at R. -ing l i i l l S t r e e t by M. Hiil.

Lewisham. F i a t s a n d houses at : .':•„ in S u m m e r f i e l d S t r e e t . R o n v e r Road a n d H i t h e r G r e e n L a n e .

Kenning ton . S c h o o l e q u i p m e n t depot o n s i t e of F r a n k B r i a n t S c h o o l in Uppe r K e n -n i n g t o n L a n e by W i l s o n L o v a t t

BroxlKHjrne (Herts . ) . Red House Mixed S e c o n d a r y School by E k i n a n d Co

W o o l w i c h . - N i n e - s t o r e y block for c o u n -cil a t K i n g m a n S t r e e t by J o h n s o n R. C E n g i n e e r i n g & Co.

B a r k i n g . - D e v e l o p m e n t of T h a m e s View-View E s t a t e by C a r l t o n C o n t r a c t s L td .

Croydon .—126 d w e l l i n g s a t L o n g l i e a t h E s t a t e by Carlton C o n t r a c t s Ltd.

M a y f a l r . — E x t e n s i o n * t o W a s h i n g t o n Hotel in Curzon S t r e e t by Bovis Ltd

Slough. -108 dwel l ings a t E v e r i l t s E s t a t e by Denman .

Acton. C a n t e e n , d in ing - room. etc. . at B rune i College of Techno logy by P r e s t i g e a n d Co.

Camberwell.—196 dwel l ings in 15-store\ blocks and 174 dwe l l ings in 6-s torey blocks a n d 33 o ther dwe l l ings a t S c e a u x E s t a t e by J . Laing. O n e 11-storey block ol flats a t Astley S t r e e t by Wales .

Southgate. 18 flats. 14 houses a n d 10 g a r a g e s on f o r m e r T. A: A. s i t e on N o r t h Ci rcu la r Road . N 13 by T o w n s e n d a n d Collins.

Stratford. W a r e h o u s e a n d s t o r e at M a r s h g a t e L a n e by P i tchers .

Boreham Wood.- -81 dwel l ings for Els-tree. Council by S. Adair .

Leyton.--42 d w e l l i n g s a t Dyson Road by S. B Budge.

Bethnal Green. R o m a n R o a d Secon-d a r y Modern S c h o o l by T. Ba tes .

Maidstone. C o r p o r a t i o n p l a n s 115 houses and f l a t s on S h e p w a y Es t a t e ,

Somerset. - W o r k will soon s t a r t a ' Hinkley Point . B r i d g e w a t e r Bay on nuc-lear power s t a t i o n . C o n t r a c t s a r e p laced with English E lec t r i c . Babcock & Wilcox Tay lo r Woodrow C o n s t r u c t i o n G r o u p .

Portsmouth. 134 houses a t P a r k House F a r m by F a u l k n c r s .

Bournemouth. 103 dwel l ings a n d 10 shops a! H a d d o n ' s Hill by W. H a y w a r d .

Reading. 148 dwel l ings a t T h r e e F i r s . Burghfield by B lakes Ltd.

Plymouth. P h a s e 3 of G u i l d h a l l con t -r a c t . by A N ColVPS.

Crawley. W a r e h o u s e a n d offices by Rice a n d Son .

Gosport. 172 flat:, a n d six h o u s e s a t Rowner <t Wi l lmo t t L a n e by Se l leck Nicholls.

Fawlcy (Hants . ) First s t a g e of M a n -s a n t o Chemica l P l a n t by McAlpine .

Warwick. 77 houses , seven b u n g a l o w s a n d six b locks of flats a t Percy E s t a t e by F ive Oaks E s t a t e s .

Walsall.—66 houses a t Mess ley E s t a t e by McAlp ine . P a r t t h r e e of W a l s a l l & Sta f f s . T e c h n i c a l College by F. & E. L i n f o r d .

Derby.—Boul ton Moor S e c o n d a r y T e c h -n ica l Schoo l by counci l d i r ec t l abour .

Coseley (Staffs . ) . 118 houses , flats a n d s h o p s a t W a l l b r o o k s i t e by W e b b a n d Co.

Cambridge .—Bui ld ings f o r U n i v e r s i t y a t Sedgewick A v e n u e by J o h n s o n & Bailey.

Luton. 78 fiats a t New T o w n S t r e e t by D r a b b l e C o n s t r u c t i o n .

L e i c e s t e r . — G r a m m a r school a t New P a r k s E s t a t e by A. A. S t u a r t .

Nott ingham.—Telephone e x c h a n g e a t C h u r c h Hill, B l idwor th . by G e e , W a l k e r a n d S l a t e r .

Burton-on-Trent. F o u n d a t i o n ex tens ion to D r a k e l o w B. Power S t a t i o n by M. J. G leeson .

Rheidol. Hydro-e lec t r ic s c h e m e pre l imi-n a r y works by McAlpine.

• arlaston (Staffs .) . 68 dwe l l ings a t Ben t l ey E s t a t e by Bishop , B u r n s a n d Co.

Liverpool. -Ex tens ion a t Liverpool Col-lege of A r t by Mor r i son a n d Son .

Bolton.—48 flats in t h r e e - s t o r e y blocks in K a y S t r e e t by counc i l d i r ec t labour .

Bootle. 92 houses a t P a r k L a n e E s t a t e by H o l l a n d . H a n n a n a n d C u b i t t s .

Chester .—Firs t p h a s e of Hoole Secon-d a r y M o d e r n School by T. W a r r i n g t o n .

Heywood. 64 houses a n d 86 flats at Heady Hill s i te by A. S p e n c e r .

Litherland. -138 dwe l l ings fo r counci l by Lloyd a n d Cross .

Bradford. 351 dwel l ings on Holmewood E s t a t e s fo r council . H a r l o w a n d Milner . Also on s a m e e s t a t e 234 d w e l l i n g s by J . La ing .

Swmton & Pendlebury. 124 dwe l l ing ; on Sec t ion 3 ol C l i f t on E s t a t e No. 2 In-d i r ec t l abour .

Condolences A T the weekly, meet ing of the North

London Branch of the Connolly Asso-ciation, held on November 11th, 1957, at the Co-operative Hall, 129 Sevon Sisters Road, tho fol lowing resolution w a s passed.

We, tho members of North London Con-nolly Associat ion wish to express our con-dolences to Eamonn Lyons on the death of his father.

A similar resolution was passed at the West London Meeting on November 14th, 1957.

B Y

SEAN HURLEY T h e r e s u l t s of excess ive o v e r t i m e c a n

be seen in t h e poor a t t e n d a n c e s a t t r a d e u n i o n b r a n c h mee t ings . E f f e c t s on h e a l t h can be s e e n in t h e excess ive s m o k i n g a n d t h e r e c e n t i nc rease in n e u r o s e s a n d m e n t a l d i s t u r b a n c e , w h i c h h a s been com-m e n t e d o n by pol i t ic ians . O v e r t i m e a l so d e p r i v e s t h e w ;orker of a n y soc ia l l i fe a n d n a r r o w s h i s out look. T r a d e u n i o n or-g a n i s a t i o n is t h e only a n s w e r to exces-sive o v e r t i m e .

A g r e a t i n c r e a s e in m e m b e r s h i p of t h e bu i ld ing t r a d e u n i o n s wou ld m e a n we could d e m a n d a c o m p l e t e r e o r g a n i s a t i o n of t h e i n d u s t r y inc lud ing n a t i o n a l i s a t i o n T h i s cou ld m e a n t h e p a r t i c i p a t i o n of t h e b u i l d i n g worke r s , especia l ly t h e unsk i l l ed , in t h e r u n n i n g of t h e i n d u s t r y .

Immedia te recruitment is also one of the most important steps towards making the Irish a powerful force in th is country, Irish bui lding workers properly organised could be the spearhead of the movement for g a i n i n g national independence for their country. s.

INDUSTRIAL MEETING

^ M E E T I N G of " I r i s h D e m o c r a t " sel lers w o r k i n g in industry was

held on Sunday , N o v e m b e r 10th at the Association's new office at 374 Grays I n n Road. Representa t ives f rom a n u m b e r of sites, factor ies and rai l depots were present.

F r o m b u i l d i n g jobs it w a s r e p o r t e d t h a t t i le I r i s h a r e ma in ly i n t e r e s t e d in t h e n a t i o n a l ques t i on a n d t r a d e u n i o n m e m -b e r s h i p is h a r d to ensu re . T h i s app l i e s less in o t h e r t r ades .

It w a s dec ided to r e c o m m e n d t h e C o n -nolly Assoc i a t i on E C. to s p o n s o r a g e n e r a l c o n f e r e n c e of Br i t i sh a n d I r i s h w o r k e r s n e x t F e b r u a r y , to d i scuss

(1) What can be done to encourage the Brit ish working-class to g ive their support to the m o v e m e n t for Irish independence.

(2) What can be done to encourage and secure 100 per cent trade union-i sm among the Irish in their own interests , in face of Macmil lan's

threat of 4 per cent unemployment . ( T h e Irish are 2 per cent of the populat ion of Britain, 3 J per cent of London).

(3) How to get people to see that the i ssues are just the two sides ol one quest ion.

T h e c o n f e r e n c e would be open to all g e n u i n e l y in t e re s t ed p e r s o n s , but t r a d e u n i o n b r a n c h e s etc. would be especia l ly inv i ted .

R e p o r t s were given of r e so lu t ions now be ing p roposed in va r ious q u a r t e r s . T h e s e inc luded t h e d e m a n d fo r t h e abo l i t ion of t h e S p e c i a l Powers Act in t h e so-called six c o u n t i e s of " N o r t h e r n I r e l a n d " : t h e abol i -t ion of i m p r i s o n m e n t w i t h o u t t r ia l in I re -land . a n d in t h e Br i t i sh E m p i r e : sugges-t ions t h a t t h e t r a d e u n i o n s shou ld s e t u p specia l y o u t h c e n t r e s of a social c h a r a c -te r so a s to a t t r a c t t h e y o u t h a n d i m m i -g r a n t w o r k e r s to t r a d e u n i o n i s m ; t h e idea of a T U. e n q u i r y c e n t r e a t E u s t o n S t a t i o n to e n a b l e i m m i g r a n t s to s e c u r e adv ice of a pro]XT kind a n d n o t fa l l v ic t ims to s h a r k s . Reso lu t i ons ca l l i ng on B r i t a i n to w i t h d r a w h e r t roops f r o m N o r t h e r n Ire-land a r e a l so being d i scussed in a n u m b e r of p laces .

It w a s pointed out t h a t the "Irish Democrat' ' is the only Irish paper which tel ls the Irish in Britain to support the Labour movement.

CONNOLLY ASSOC'N. West London

T H U R S D A Y S , 8 p.m.

17 Bishopsbridge Road, Paddington, W.2

North London M O N D A Y , 8 p.m.

129 Seven Sisters Road, Is l ington, N.7.

December 1957 THE IRISH DEMOCRAT 3

T H E I R I S H

ID I E / H O C I P A T

374 G R A Y S INN ROAD LONDON, W.C.I

Subscript ion: 8 - per year

Editor: DESMOND GKEAVES

Liam Mellows

Mellows not Griffith

" p H E terrible tragedy in Co. * fill all Irish people wi th sorrow.

Louth will Here

is one more casual ty in the struggle aganst British Imperial ism, and the b lame must fall squarely o n . t h o s e who mainta in the partition of Ireland against the will of the majority of the nation.

There is only one course for people w h o live in Britain to fol low, whether they are Irish or British, if they want an end to th is virtual gueril la war. That is to get out the Tory Government and put in a Labour Government , which has been sufficiently energised by a large m a s s movement to do away with partition.

At the same t ime it is worth noting t h a t there are different w a y s of waging the s truggle for freedom and that some are more effective t h a n others .

Generally speaking, the Republican movement a d v a n c e s w h e n it becomes POLITICAL, and dec l ines when it be-c o m e s anti-polit ical . T h e reason why iso-lated individual acts , t h o u g h they show up the evils that exist , do not do much to re-move them, is really a s imple one, though it is fundamenta l .

It is that history is not made by heroes. Social c h a n g e s are not accomplished by a select brand of individuals , however splen-did in courage and vigour. History, wh ich is nothing but social and political change , is made by the m a s s e s of the people. There has never yet been an important c h a n g e in world history which took place without the act ion of the mass of the people. And that is why a wise man , whether his a ims are socialist , or whether he confines himself to the first step to-wards socialism (a democratic republic) will always rely on the m a s s of the people. From them comes everything. To them all is possible.

This month we commemorate the thirty-f i f th anniversary of t h e judicial murder of one who s tands near the very apex of Irish Republicanism, Liam Mellows. He must never be forgot ten . To belittle h i m is to belittle the very basis of republican-ism.

The great merit of Mellows, for wh ich he will be honoured long after Ireland is free, is that as he faced the firing squad defiantly cha l l eng ing his captors to "FIRE!" so he was able to see deeply into the reasons for the Republican defeat in the Civil War, from which so much evil has followed.

He had the courage to advise his fol-lowers to learn the lesson and act upon it. Mellows issued from Mountjoy his famous mani fes to . T h e essence of it should be known and pondered by every Irish man and woman. It is that in order to make the Republic a success, to induce people IN THE MASS, and not Just the heroic few, to f ight and sacrifice for it, there must be a programme of social changes . In other words that Republican-ism without politics is like a bullock with-out grass. And Mellows showed that he knew that the masses consist of the work-ing class, and the smal l farmers, clerical workers, intel lectuals and business people. Like Tone, he appealed to the men of no or little property.

It is most essential to remember Mellows to-day. To our as ton i shment we heard in Hyde Park a man who said that he w a s a member of Sinn Fein glorifying the renogade Arthur Griffith. Young S i n n Feiners in London are being taught (if this man spoke the truth) that Griffith is the inspiration of modern Republicanism, that the social programme of Sinn Fein to-day is founded on Griffith's teaching.

Griffith founded the Free State BE-CAUSE his social t each ings were those of the anti-working c lass Hungarian LIST. He feared the people, and was prepared to accept a dual monarchy. Any republican who starts by reject ing the people will end by accepting the monarchy or its equivalent.

Therefore we warn our young friends. Do not be deceived. Griffith was never a Republican. Griff ithism is not Repub-licanism. The S inn Fein for wh ich | thousands fought and many lost thoir lives was not founded by Griffith but by such as Cathal Brugha, Count Plunkett and Father O'Flanagan. One of its Worthiest was Liam Mellows. Follow him, \ and forget all about Griffith.

the Ir ish people need to unite pol i t ical ly in order to f ree Ire-

land f rom Br i t ish Imper ia l i sm ? Befo re you a n s w e r i m p a t i e n t l y "ol

cou r se" . . . ask yourself do you u n d e r -s t a n d w h a t t h e ques t ion m e a n s ?

Because people o f t e n know t h i n g s vaguely , in a g e n e r a l sor t of way . a n d yet d o no t j u s t b r i ng the i r ideas d o w n to t h e h a r d g round of m o t h e r e a r t h .

If t h e I r i sh peop le need to u n i t e poli-t ical ly in o rder to f r e e I r e l a n d f r o m Bri-t i s h I m p e r i a l i s m s o m e t h i n g fo l lows . . .

u n d e r s t a n d th i s baby-.-mipU p. :m iple. H u s b a n d a n d wile would loruet it a ' tin ir peri l marr iage . - could be wrecked t h r o u g h fa i lu res here. Bu t t h e s a m e pr inc ip le appl ies in . g r ea t t i l ings a - in smal l . II t h e working peop le would re-m e m b e r t h a t t he d i f f e r ences they have a m o n g themse lves a r e t h e d i f f e rences ol f r i ends , over m e a n s no t e n d s , a n d should be amicab ly resolved by m u t u a l discus-sion. t h e working class would soon be in t h e G o v e r n m e n t in B r i t a i n . And if t he I r i s h o r d i n a r y people u n d e r s t o o d the s ame , I r e l a n d would be f r ee .

f a c e it s t r a i g h t . . . no Irishman fighting Imperialism is your enemy.

If he fights i m p e r i a l i s m w i t h h i s fists, or h i s tongue , fights it a l i t t le , fights it a lot, fights it in Be l fas t , fights it i n Dubl in , fights i t in L o n d o n — o r t h e Un i t ed Nat ions . W h a t e v e r c o n t r i b u t i o n h e m a k e s a g a i n s t B r i t i s h I m p e r i a l i s m , if he m a k e s any w h a t s o e v e r , t h e n h e is n o t your enemy.

And if t h i s p r inc ip le was o n c e app l ied in p rac t i ce n i n e - t e n t h s of t h e q u a r r e l s a m o n g I r i sh peop le would cease . I t is t h e beg inn ing of a l l wiadom, t h e bas i s of all c o m m o n s e n s e .

* * * I ) UT, but , b u t . . . I h e a r you all say-

ing i t . . . we DO d i s ag ree a m o n g ourselves.

Of course you do. Bu t NOT AS ENE-MIES.

Against, e n e m i e s t he m o s t r e l en t l e s s a n d c o n t i n u o u s s t rugg le is necessa ry , m a k i n g use of w h a t e v e r m e t h o d s a r e a p p r o p r i a t e t o t ime, p lace a n d condi-t ions.

B u t a r e all d i s a g r e e m e n t s t h e dis-a g r e e m e n t s of enemies? C a n n o t a m a n a n d wife d i s a g r e e on w h e t h e r to s p e n d t h e fami ly i n c o m e on c lo thes or tobacco? C a n n o t a boy a n d girl d i s a g r e e on w h e t h e r to go to t h e d a n c e or t he pic-t u r e s? C a n n o t two lads on t h e job 1 all ou t over w h e t h e r Cork or K e r r y p layed the best g a m e ?

Of course t h e y can . B U T they dis-a g r e e pure ly over m e a n s to t h e i r com-m o n e n j o y m e n t . T h e r e is no a n t a g o n i s m m the i r d i s a g r e e m e n t . T h e i r i n t e r e s t s re-ma in t h e s a m e t h r o u g h o u t . All d i sagree-m e n t s a r e n o t d i s a g r e e m e n t s be tween enemies . L i s t en to nobody who says they are .

* * * ' P A K E t h e a r g u m e n t a s t e p f a r t h e r . ' What a r e I r i sh people a n x i o u s to

ge t rid ol Impe r i a l i s t rule m I r e l and to do when t hey d i sag ree?

F i r s t to r e m e m b e r tha i t h e r e a re two k inds of d i s a g r e e m e n t , d i s a g r e e m e n t be-tween e n e m i e s over ends, a n d d isagree-m e n t be tween f r i e n d s over m e a n s .

And w h a t s h o u l d f r i ends do when they d i sagree? The answer is s imple , don ' t fight, discuss. Don ' t lut out , ta lk .

I t i.s a m a z i n g how m a n y people do n o t

U n i t y is s t r e n g t h , d iv is ion is weakness . B u t u n i t y does N O T m e a n , a n d never c a n m e a n identity. You c a n only u n i t e t h i n g s t h a t a r e d i f fe ren t . You c a n ' t u n i t e s o m e t h i n g wi th i t se l f—i t is un i ted al-r e a d y w i t h itself. You c a n only un i t e w i t h s o m e t h i n g else.

T h a t m e a n s t h a t w i t h i n u n i t y t he r e is a n agreed toleration of difference. How g r e a t t h i s is depends p u r e l y on the cir-c u m s t a n c e s .

* * *

HU T surely, I h e a r s o m e b o d y say, you c a n ' t car ry t h r o u g h a n y f a r - r e a c h i n g

c h a n g e like t he l i be ra t i on of a coun t ry if t h o s e who a re doing it d i s ag ree on t h e m e a n s !

T h a t is a s t rue as t h e o t h e r proposi-t ions . W h a t is essen t ia l to r e m e m b e r is t h a t people can c h a n g e t he i r minds . W h e n people who des i re t h e same ends g e t t o g e t h e r t a lk ing t h e y find out t h a t some of i h e m e a n s t hey propose a re t h e s a m e . G r a d u a l l y t h r o u g h t h e opera t ion of t i m e a n d exper ience t he i r m e t h o d s grow toge the r . Sensible ideas oust silly ones . T h i n g s a re t r i ed o u t a n d conclu-s i o n s r eached . Final ly t h e r e comes a b o u t a g r e e m e n t on m e a n s AS WELL.

B u t if they had t r e a t e d e a c h o the r a s enemies a t the ou tse t t h i s des i rable re-s u l t would never have c o m e about . T h e r e -f o r e NEVER, never t r e a t you r -fellow-I r i s h m e n as enemies w h e n t hey wish to res i s t B r i t i sh Imper i a l i sm by m e a n s you do no t a g r e e with yourse l f . Argue if you like, r eason if you a r e wiser . B u t fight t h e m , denounce t h e m ? Never .

* * *

IU S T in passing let m e a d d t h a t t h e s a m e pr inciple a p p l i e s to t h e Br i t i sh

a n d I r i s h workers w h o shovel in t h e s a m e d i t c h or work a t t h e s a m e bench .

Neve r apply t he s a m e pr inc ip les to your fel low-worker a s you would to t h e boss. T h e m a n who w o r k s n e x t to you, E n g l i s h or Ir ish, co loured or Jew, h a s t h e s a m e a ims as you . . . to ge t a liv-ing wh ich he is p r e p a r e d to work tor. He is no be t t e r t h a n you a n d you a r e no bet -ler t h a n him. He may d i s a g r e e with you on s o m e t h i n g . R e a s o n w i t h him. He's no t your enemy . Y o u r boss is you r enemy . Reason wi th h i m too . . . b u t only whi le you h a v e to.

I ' NI'I Y is essen t ia l . T h e r e f o r e B i . i . n I m p e r i a l i s m will a l w a y s t ry to < re-

a t e d i sun i ty .

I sn ' t it commonsen . se t h a t it I r i s h m e n d i s ag ree on t h e m e a n s of f r e e i n g I r e l a n d , B r i t i sh I m p e r i a l i s m will s end a g e n t - to t u r n d i s a g r e e m e n t s i n t o q u a r r e l s ? You can bet you r l i fe t hey will.

T h e s u p r e m e t ac t i c of B r i t i sh i m p e r i a l -is t c o u n t e r - a c t i o n is to t r a p I r i sh p e o p l e in to us ing aga inst each other t h e m e t h -ods they s h o u l d re se rve f o r Br i t i sh I m -per ia l i sm. A n d t h e c u n n i n g t hey e m p l o y is beyond belief.

R i g h t now Mr . M a c m i l l a n is p r e p a r i n g t h e mos t g i g a n t i c a r m s r a c e in h i s t o r y in o r d e r to l a u n c h a w a r of e x t e r m i n a t i o n a g a i n s t Rus s i a . T h e B r i t i s h p o p u l a t i o n will be b lo t t ed out . B u t t h e Br i t i sh T o r i e s h o p e to ho ld A u s t r a l i a , C a n a d a a n d o t h e r places. (If you d o n ' t believe t h i s t h e y SAID SO, in A u s t r a l i a ) .

I s it a n y a c c i d e n t t h a t t h e V E R Y W E E K a f t e r t h i s w a s dec ided in h i g h I m p e r i a l q u a r t e r s , t h e r e were f o u n d m e n (young, i nnocen t , pol i t ica l ly i m m a t u r e boys, s h o o t i n g o the r people ' s bu l le t s f o r t h e m i c o m i n g i n t o H y d e P a r k s a y i n g

t h a t C o m m u n i s m w a s a n even g r e a t e r enemy to t h e I r i s h people t h a n B r i t i s h I m p e r i a l i s m ?

I s it a n y a c c i d e n t ?

I t c e r t a in ly is no t . B r i t a i n was s e n d -ing he r ( u n w i t t i n g a n d u n i n t e n t i o n a l ) p r o p a g a n d i s t s i n t o t h e I r i s h r anks .

f T H E S E boys sa id t hey were s u p p o r t e r s J - of S i n n Fein . T h e y sa id they were r epub l i cans .

Yet the line of policy they were shoot ing has been utterly repudiated by the S inn Fein official newspaper, "The United Irishman"! I n o t h e r words t h e y were no t R e p u b -

l icans a t all, t h o u g h t h e y t h o u g h t t h e y were.

H i e Connol ly Associa t ion , however , d id n o t t r e a t t h e m as enemies . T h e y were in t he i r own m i n d s good a n t i - I m p e r i a l i s t s . B u t somebody h a d s t u f f e d t h e m wi th t h e idea t h a t t h e way to h e l p I r e l a n d a g a i n s t B r i t i s h I m p e r i a l i s m w a s to he lp B r i t a i n a g a u i s t Russ i a .

R e d m o n d sa id t h a t too. He sa id t h e way to he lp I r e l a n d a g a i n s t B r i t a i n w a s to h e l p Br i t a i n a g a i n s t G e r m a n y .

A n d t h e crowd in H y d e P a r k told t h e s e " R e p u b l i c a n s " to ge t i n t o k h a k i if t h e y w a n t e d to fight R u s s i a . T h e y knew n o b e t t e r t h a n to become r e c r u i t i n g ser -g e a n t s for t h e B r i t i s h A r m y . . . al l in t h e n a m e of I r e l and , l ike R e d m o n d .

if I ' ' H E a n t i - p a r t i t i o n l e a g u e t r i ed t h i s J - policy, a n d in t h e end it fe l l to

pieccs. People smi le a t it now. I t ex i s t s on ly in t h e i m a g i n a t i o n of t h e I r i s h P r e s s .

B u t even so, we m u s t N O T r e g a r d t h e m e m b e r s of t h e a n t i - p a r t i t i o n L e a g u e a s enemies . T h e y a r e N O T o u r enemies . W e will stick to our p r inc ip le . D i s c u s s i o n a m o n g a n t i - I m p e r i a l i s t s . I m p l a c a b l e op-pos i t ion to I m p e r i a l i s m .

T h e n t he re is t h e c u r r e n t t a lk b o o s t i n g A r t h u r Gr i f f i th . H e w a s neve r a r e p u b l i -can . A g e n e r a t i o n h a s g r o w n u p t h a t k n o w s n o t h i n g of h i s h i s to ry . W h y Is h e be ing boosted n o w ?

Br i t i sh I m p e r i a l i s m is in d a n g e r or los ing its Empi r e . I t t h i n k s t h a t if i t ge t s r e ady fo r a w a r w i t h Russ i a , A m e r i c a will be so p leased t h a t s h e will finance t h a t E m p i r e a n d k e e p i t bo l s te red u p .

So a n ice c o a t ol d e m o c r a t i c p a i n t is w a n t e d fo r t h a t E m p i r e .

A r t h u r G r i f f i t h n o t on ly bel ieved in a d u a l M o n a r c h y . H e bel ieved in a d u a l E m p i r e , a n A n g l o - I r i s h E m p i r e . B r i t a i n a n d I r e l a n d w e r e t o jo in t o g e t h e r to k e e p o t h e r n a t i o n s d o w n . I r e l a n d w o u l d of c o u r s e supp ly t h e so ld iers , B r i t a i n t h e c a s h . H e w a n t e d a d u a l m o n a r c h y be-cause h e w a n t e d a d u a l E m p i r e . T h a t is w h y h e s i g n e d t h e T r e a t y .

Now t h e a g e n t s of I m p e r i a l i s m a r e busy boos t ing G r i f f i t h , a n d t r y i n g to po i son t h e m i n d s ol R e p u b l i c a n s , t r y i n g to p r e t e n d t h a t G r i f f i t h is t h e t r u e f o u n t of R e p u b l i c a n i s m , n o t Connol ly , P e a r s e unci B r u g h a .

And , t h a t be ing so, i.s it s u r p r i s i n g t h a t a s well a s a r g u i n g a l o n g t h e l ines Im-p e r i a l i s m w a n t s , t h e u n f o r t u n a t e l ads w h o h a v e been dece ived w a n t e d to h a v e a f i g h t in H y d e P a r k ?

Of c o u r s e no t . B e c a u s e t h e gre . i t I m p e r i a l i s t LIE h a d s u n k well in. T h a t h e is t h a t I r i s h m e n do no t need un i ty . T h a t lie i.s t h a t two I r i s h m e n who dis-a g r e e on mi t h o d s a r c enemies T h e y a r e no t . U n i n t i m i d a t e d a n d u n a f r a i d t h e C o n n o l l y Assoc ia t ion will c o n t i n u e to t e a c h t h a t co r rec t p r inc ip l e of Repub l i -c a n u n i t y a n d Soc i a l i s t -Repub l i can u n i t y .

4 THE IRISH D E M O C R A T December 1957

m e MONARCHY IS IN DECAY [> nCEfJTLY wt li.iv- il T<» - u«c very

in.Id (.r; 1:c;sm ol the Queen a n d the Roy,:! ianii ly f rom Lord AI t r i m , am and f i r . Mug: .br idge. no: ot c o u r s e wi th any in ten t -on cl b r . d k ' t h e mon. i rc . iy to an end. but r a t h e r to preserve- it by giving it dt i rn r social root-..

/ /

d : he I e\ r ii r

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Take that bauble away'' —Oliver Cromwell f>u \ •

Patrick Clancy

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An d Ml i-i•!!!•.<'.• IS..' '!'••:•;. ij. '.i-i .:; '. I.ord H a . l s h a i n , n r n i r I'-rv ;irti a> t h e m o d e r n defend:".' ui' the I). iiie K:uht ol Kiliu ."

"I shal l re- '-rve in" uwii perMiiial ho.-tility tin' anyone who a t t a c k s any member ol the Royal family, of the inst i tution ol royalty.''

.So f a r , n e i t h e r Lord A l t r i n c h a m , nor Mr. M u g g e r i d g c h a v e b e e n h a n g e d , d r a w n or q u a r t e r e d . P robab ly t h e Tor ies a r e e n g a g e d in d ra f t ing ; a bill to r e i n t r o d u c e b u r n i n g a t t h e s t ake . T h e y have, how-ever . been b a n n e d f r o m t h e B B . C . a n d l .T.V. T i i e on ly t h ing w r o n g wi th Br i t i sh d e m o c r a c y , is t h a t it no t p r a c t i s e d .

T h e r e is o n e t h i n g we c a n be qui te s u r e a b o u t ; I r i s h m e n will n o t lose any res t w o r r y i n g a b o u t t h e l u t u r e of t h e Eng l i sh m o n a r c h y , f o r they h a v e n o cause to love t h a t i n s t i t u t i o n .

s < I N C E t h e d a y s w h e n H e n r y II laid I r e l a n d was t e wi th t h e sword in one

h a n d a n d t h e Bui! of A d r i a n in t h e o the r . E n g l i s h m o n a r c h s h a v e b e e n symbols of o p p r e s s i o n in I r e l and .

H e n r y , with t he titles. K i n g ot Eng land , D u k e ol N o r m a n d y , a n d C o u n t ol Aragon. t h r o u g h h i s conquest of I r e l a n d was given t h e i o u r l h tit!" Iiv P a p a l privilege R E G -N U M H I B E R N I A E IN P E R P E l ' L T ' M .

Hen ry d el no! a.- umo tin- t i t le King' <•1 I r e l a n d , a l t h o u e h P o p e Adr ian ' : succe.-M>r P o p e A l e x a n d ' r I I I . was p repa red la c o n l e r it u p o n k m. d e s p i t e t h e fact, tha t his r e i e r e i r . e to t h e ' T u r b u i e n i Prie.-t" 1 j ' id led to t h e m u r d e r ol T h o m a s a Be. la t t h e A r c h b i s h o p ol C a n t e r b u r y . Hen a j VIII v.as t h s l i s t E n g l i s h k ing to a s sume j t h e t i t le . K i n g of I r e l a n d , all his p r e - | d e c e s s o r s be ing sati-sln-d v . i lh the ti t le l a n d ol I r e l a n d .

H e n r y II. t h r o u g h force . P a p a l g r an t , j a n d n a t i v e quis l ings a c q u i r e d lordship I over t h e whole of I r e l and , whc l i he h a n d e d over to h i s son J o h n , w h o succeeded to J t h e t h r o n e , a n d t h u s l o r d s h i p over I re land j b e c a m e ves t ed in t h e E n g l i s h king. Ins j he i r s a n d succcssors .

F o r a s h o r t per iod a f t e r t h e conques t , j t h e t r e a t m e n t of t he n a t i v e p o p u l a t i o n was n o t so te r r ib le . B u t o n c e t h e people showed any t e n d e n c y t o r e s i s t the en-c r o a c h m e n t on t he i r r i g h t s , t h e n t h e N o r m a n p l u n d e r e r s e m b a r k e d upon a policy of s a v a g e opp re s s ion .

. and O w n R • () X I. . 1; R •.:,;..-'. . and \ nod

.• .a cd v. ar aa.nnst t.ie.,:. r a >•< - ra; .on 01 the c.

He had c si set ly a! In c o m m a n d the t.nlv efficient arm;, in I n l a n d ; Karl Marx nuni i i f f i u up :n o n e of his l e t t e r s to K u g e i m a n "The Engl i sh Republic, under Ci'imiv,eil met s h i p w r e c k in I r e l a n d . "

T h e so-ra i led " G l o r i o u s R e v o l u t i o n of 1(>88 r e p r e s e n t i n g a c o m p r o m i s e wi th m e r -c h a n t capi ta l , a n d t h e n e w l a n d e d a r i s -tocracy , k icked out t h e despot , J a m e s II . r e p r e s e n t i n g t h e old o r d e r a n d i n v i t e d t h e i r n a t u r a l ally, t h e D u t c h f r e e - b o o t e r Wi l l iam ol O r a n g e , to become k ing .

S i n c e t h e n . I r i s h m e n h a v e a r g u e d as to which of t he two despo t s , h a d t h e bes t r i g h t to p l u n d e r t h e m .

As the la te T. A. J a c k s o n p u t it "If J a m e s h a d succeeded, it would h a v e m a d e l i t t le d i f ference, except fo r t h e worse , to t h e m a s s of t he I r i s h people . T h e y would h a v e been robbed by C a t h o l i c l a n d l o r d s , i n s t e a d of P r o t e s t a n t ones , b u t t h e y would h a v e bei 11 robbed a n y w a y , a n d poss ib ly m o r e t h o r o u g h l y t h a n ever. ' ' ( ."Irish Review." Di ccmber 19451.

"Wha t a pity t h a t t h e r e w a s n ' t a J a c k Solomon m o c k i n g a r o u n d in t h o s e d a y s : instead •! the Bat t le of t h e B o y n e . lie might have been a b l e to p r o m o t e a t i gh t at the Ha' i i i 'gay Arena, be tween D u t c h Hill, a n d s c o t c h J i m . a n d t h u s , i n s t e a d

i .a i -ed and - t n f e , would h a v e provided the pc .pa- v. .til a l i t t l e e n t e r t a i n m e n t .

.al da:; ill c

me iv t u r n e d . "

However, to e n s u r e tluU t h e r e imiili i !•;.• i n i a s t -min i i t e c a t a s t r o p h e , t h e M. inber ler Clonmel . lelt su re tha t he h a d d m . e n -.•1011s s im i l a r to t h e King, a n d nobly otiered to h a v e h imsel f measu i i -n .

Dur ing t h e long re ign ol Q u e e n Vic-toria , I r e l a n d w a s reduced to d e s o l a t i o n by an a r t i f ic ia l f a m i n e , a n d t y r a n n i c a l l a n d -lords who p r e y e d upon t h e p e o p l e like vul tures , w h i l e p ro tec t ed by t h e a r m e d forces of H e r M a j e s t y ' s G o v e r n m e n t .

OUEEN V I C T O R I A symbol i sed t h e r i se of a g g r e s s i v e imper i a l i sm. S h e in-

sisted 011 h a v i n g con fe r r ed u p o n he r se l f t h e t i t le of " E m p r e s s of I n d i a . "

Urged o n by t h e P r ince C o n s o r t , s h e was c o n t i n u a l l y d i c t a t i ng policy to t h e g o v e r n m e n t , so m u c h so t h a t r e p u b l i c a n lecl ing b e g a n t o r u n h i g h once a g a i n . Even such a R o y a l i s t p a p e r as " T h e T i m e s " c a m e out w i t h ed i to r i a l s on t h e bo rde r -l ine of r e p u b l i c a n i s m .

Wi th t h e d e a t h of Queen Vic to r i a , t h e Prince of W a l e s becaifie Edward V I I He was a m a n of l i t t le cu l tu re , f u n d of pleasure . H e b e c a m e popu la r it'ri t h e ma . - . i . , w i t h t h e i r distorted - e n - e of values.

T h u s t h e m o n a r c h y once a. a complete ly ^ a f e .

G'-orge V. w h o followed Ed" ,.rd VII

c a m e

A w o m a n , a w o m a n , my kini-cLvn. 1 a worn nr.."

Wiii : • Ed" a s i VIII a ua:. rd

in-ilia i ai s. w a: at its low est ei/o.

G e o r g e VI. who b e c a m e k m \y den t , w i th till t he p o m p a n d ; i .geav: rv tha t a c c o m p a n i e d h im. w a s >,.•: ab l e o> res tore t h e f o r m e r respect for t h e *„lin :u .

Wil l i t h e d e a t h of t h e k ing , t h e E n g . . 1: ru l ing c las s was f o r t u n a t e to ha- e as is \ t he i r , a y o u n g w o m a n , w h o wa- ab le to r e c a p t u r e t h e dwind l ing a t t r a c t i v e n e s s ol t h e m o n a r c h y .

S o m e y o u n g T o r i e s a r e beginning t o worry a b o u t t h e f a c t t h a t t h e m o n a r c h y may a p p e a r t o t h e c o m m o n people a s a n uppe r - c l a s s i n s t i t u t i on , o r t h a t t h e Q u e e n is no t c o m i n g f o r w a r d a s t h e p a t r o n of t h e a r t s .

Mos t of t h e "F i lm C o m m a n d ; ' 1 ye been u t t e r l y o b s c u r a n t i s t .

T h e Q u e e n ' s love fo r t h e race-i irse u a s been c a u s i n g s o m e worry .

How to m a k e the E n g l i s h m o n a r c h y popu la r . w i t h o u t losing i ts pom-> a n d re-s p e c t a b i l i t y : t h i s is t h e p r o b l e m , :mlr til-ing t h e boss-class .

Needless to say. t h e biggest 1 ppone.nts of any reform are the palace Hur.kies, v.ho a r e a f r a i d t he i r f a t s a l a r i e s 'uld be d a m a g e d .

How they will olve tin- proble:... . cm a to be seen .

There is one t h i n g we c a n so u iv 1 t Tin - will n e v e r seek t h e a d \ . . f I h Socialist. R e p u b l i c a n s .

I C I I | | It

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M i l l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i i i i i l l l l l < 1 III HI i n

II. III i n i n m i l n l l l i i i i i i i i m i l

i « m

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T o k.ll a deer on t h e lo rd ' s m a n o r , was [ a c r ime , bu t to kill an I r i s h m a n was no j c r i m e w h a t e v e r .

W e c a n unde r : l and w i n t h e d a u g h t e r ol ; t h e B y z a n t i n e I . : : i p : e - . A n n a Comuiena . j m h e r " A n n a l s of t h e C r u s a d e s , " con-t i n u a l l y r e f e r s to t hem a s "the N o r m a n i B a r b a r i a n s . " j

E d w a r d I. o n e ol t he lew ab le m o n a r c h s j that , h a v e occupied tiu- Eng l i sh th rone , t r i ed to i n t r o d u c e ..nine m e a s u r e of rest r a i n t .

I He m a d e t h e i n d i s c r i m i n a t e kill ing of

I r i s h m e n u n l a w l u l . He ca l l ed t h e f i rs t I r i s h P a r l i a m e n t 111 j

1297: b u t a s r e p r e s e n t a t i o n was confined . to t h e N o r m a n m a g n a t e s a n d prela tes , it I a f f o r d e d n o p r o t e c t i o n t o t h e I r i sh people.

I n d i s c r i m i n a t e ki l l ing of I r i s h m e n , was o n c e a g a i n t o l e r a t e d a s w e c a n see f rom t h e R e m o n s t r a n c e of t h e O ' N c i l s in 1317.

A po l icy of s e g r e g a t i o n of t h e na t ive I r i s h f r o m t h e A n g l o - I r i s h was intro-d u c e d .

t r p H E T u d o r per iod, r i g h t t h r o u g h t h e I- r e i g n of " B a r b a r i a n " E l i zabe th a n d

" B l o o d y " M a r y , t o t h e r e i g n of J a m e s I, s a w t h e e n d of t h e I r i s h c l ans , h a v i n g g o n e d o w n in a c a m p a i g n of b ru t a l sup-p r e s s i o n .

T h e whole country, for a shor t time, was b r o u g h t u n d e r t h e hee l of t h e Engl ish C r o w n a n d m a s k e d t h e f i r s t p l a n t a t i o n of Ulster.

T h e Engl ish Revolution of the Seven-teeth century, which should have brought liberation to the Irish people, instead only .served to fas ten their cha ins tighter.

C r o m w e l l , by h i s s u p p r e s s i o n a n d diver-s i o n of t h e E n g l i s h R e p u b l i c a n s , sco tched

^ " M E N T A L tangle'' seems to be the most appropiate phrase to describe the

opinions expressed by Tom Sheerin in your November issue.

Fi rs t , he asks , " W h a t c o m m o n i n t e r e - t I r i sh a n d Br i t i sh w o r k e r s h a v e ? " T h e lirst e l e m e n t a r y t h i n g t h a t h e n e e d s to u n d e r -s t a n d is t h a t t h e Ir : h a n d B r i t i s h w o r k e r s a r e bo th v ic t ims of a n economic s y s t e m t h a t 1 xploit.-. t h e m to p rov ide r e n t , in-ter* .-t a n d uroii t to a c lass t h a i lives by t h i s robber;. . F u r t h e r , t h a t t h e e m p l o y i n g c lass c o n s t a n t l y res is t improved living; s t a n d a r d s lor t h e w o r k e r s even at t h e l i m e when t h e t h e m s e l v e s a r e d r a w i n g p h e n o m e n a l p ro l i l s out of t h e i n c r e a . n i g p r o d u c l i u ' v of t h e workers . Sure ly tha t s " c o m m o n inter-" I" e n o u g h to i n d i c a t e t h e nc"d lor unity a m o n g s t t he worker : 1

To get an unders tanding of this funda-mental question I would advise him to read Connolly's book, "Labour in Ireland" and his "Socialism Made Easy.''

I11 a s k i n g w h e r e is t h e c o m m o n m i e n t ol I r i sh a n d Br i t i sh workers , S h e e r i n s i r . r , " W e don ' t go to M a s s t o g e t h e r a n d we d o n ' t like each o t h e r ' s m u s i c a n d d a n c i n g , " If S l i e e r m really bel ieves t h a t lie m u s t be i n c a p a b l e of u n d e r s t a n d i n g t h e s i m p l e be-h a v i o u r ol t h o s e a r o u n d h im. O n t h e f i r s t po in t h e h a d b e t t e r a sk h i s p r i e s t a n d he will soon be m l o r m e d t h a t t h e m a j o r i t y nl C a t h o l i c s 111 B r i t a i n were b o r n 111 B r i t a i n . I h a v e yet to l ea rn t h a t t h e r e is one Ca tho l i c C h u r c h h e r e f o r t h e I r i s h a n d a n o t h e r for t h e Br i t i sh , or t h a t t hey a t t e n d Mas-; s e p a r a t e l y .

On t h e ques t ion of m u s i c a n d d a n c i n g , t a s t e s of course d i f f e r , b u t it is q u i t e u n -t r u e to s u g g e s t t h a t t h e r e is a c l e a r d iv id-ing line. Very m a n y Br i t i sh w o r k e r s love I r i s h s o n g s a n d I r i s h music , a n d s o do I. S h e e r i n shou ld t a k e t h e t r o u b l e t o g e t o u t of h i s ru t a n d a t t e n d s o m e social g a t h e r -i n g s of Br i t i sh w o r k e r s a n d h e would soon d i scover t h a t f a c t especia l ly w h e n t h e p a r t y is w a r m e d u p wi th " J o h n Bar l ey -c o r n " .

On the question of wages T o m S h e e r i n says, " W e h a v e h a r d l y a n y -

by

WAL HANNINGTON I ( > r^diiisir. .I.E.I .)

t h i n g 111 c o m m o n except to ge t m o r e wages." Well, t h a t in itself is a very bas ic mti rest , a n d it is o n e reason w h y we h a v e a t r a d e u n i o n m o v e m e n t . B u t S h e e r i n goes 011 to m a k e t h e following r e a c t i o n a r y s t a t e m e n t : " A n d s ince t h e a v e r a g e I r i s h worker 1111 B r i t a i n 1 ge ts m o r e t h a n t h e t r a d e un ion r a t e why join a t r a d e u n i o n T h e law of c o m p e t i t i o n su i t s t h e I r i sh m t ins c o u n t r y be t t e r . ' '

1: Shee i i i i peddles that l ine an iona- l British workers lie will 111 lac t a r m r r the very kind of reactionary a n t i - I r r h sen-: muni winch h e now wrongiv imag .nes v .del exists. On the point about Letting more than t h e trade union rate i:e 'amid 1: alise t hat 1 hat is not some: 1:::: • tiiiar io h i h workers.

Millions of British workers also get above the m i n i m u m T.U. rate because of the power of trade union organisat ion ex-pressed through the shop s tewards in the factories and depots.

If S h c e r i n h a p p e n s to be in a n unor-ganised job, h e is ge l l ing a b o v e t h e ra le because 111 I h i s p a s t period ol I-ill employ-m e n t his e m p l o y e r h a s had to c o m p e t e for labour wi th o t h e r employer:, m o r g a n i s e d f i rms who h a v e been compe l l ed by T.U. workshop p r e s s u r e to set a s t a n d a r d above t h e ra te . He m u s t also real ise t h a t . 111 t h e l irst place, t h e basic r a t e f r o m wh ich his wages a r e m e a s u r e d had to be e; l ab l i shcd by h a r d t r a d e u n i o n s t rugg le a n d it t h e n -was no t r a d e u n i o n m o v e m e n t t h e r e would be no r e c o g n i s e d m i n i m u m r a t e .

Irish history and working-

class unity Shccrin would help to clear the cobwebs

from his mind if ho Btudied some of the events in Irish history such as the Dublin Lockout of 1913 and the solidarity in that

bitter s truggle of the Irish and British workers. Perhaps he has never hear^: of the British food ship in that battle against the Dublin employers!

F u r t h e r m o r e , m a n y t h o u s a n d - > 1 B r i t . s h workers , espec ia l ly soc ia l i s t s , h a v e L.-en a s soc i a t ed w i t h tiie s t r u g g l e ol t h e I r i s h people for n a t i o n a l i n d e p e n d e n c e . F o r g i v e me lor i n t r o d u c i n g a p e r s o n a l no te he re , but 111 c a s e t h a t s t a t e m e n t provokes T o m S h e e r i n to ask w h a t m y comic ' i on he been w i t h t h e I r ish I'll a n s w e r :. .m v . t h t he fo l lowing i n f o r m a t i o n :

I a m a I . o n d o n i r by b i r t h and i la . a I know L h a v e no I r i sh ances t i 1 E it a a very y o u n g m a n 111 t h e Brit:- ' .; -o.'sa'u • m o v e m e n t 111 i h e y e a r s In'.;,.- ,ng t h e Eas t e r I r i s h rebell ion of 11)1(1 I a c a m e an act ive s u p p o r t e r .,« the- I: ,: h S- .1 Dele: .::. n i l i o i i L e a g u e winch c o n d . e ' e d 11 o r

uccessful p r o p a g a n d a eampai- . : , . in t ' n . c o u n t r y I had t h e h o n o u r to v a.i: :u t no Mineral c o r t e g e n| ' IVn-nce M a c S " .nay, t i i e .Ma'.or ol O a k . who died on hu:. . ,er- ! :k" in 1'rixl 1 hi Pri: on

W h e n J i m E a r k m , t h e grea t I: , ii leaoei , was r e l ea sed I m m pr i son 111 Ami rica i .ne c a m e t h r o u g h London 011 h is v.a;. bae ; tu Dublin. I h a d the p n v i l e g e ol ue.ng a m e m b e r of t h e recept ion c o m m i t t e e to we; come l n m back 111 t h e n a m e o; B r i t s h Mippor te rs lor Iri.-h I r e e d o m I also recal l with p r i d e my t r i e n d s h i p a n d " c o m m o n interest ," wi th t h a t g r a n d old Jr. ii p ropa -gand i s t . Mrs . Despard . S h e under.- tood t h e need fo r u n i t y be tween t h e I r ish a n d Br i t i sh worker , and . w h e n s h e was t u r n e d seven ty - l ive y e a r s of age , s h e f r e q u e n t l y c a m e ove r f r o m I r e l and to speak wi th un-fit t h e g r e a t d e m o n s t r a t i o n s o! hunge i m a r c h c r s 111 T r a f a l g a r S q u a r e a n d H y d e Park

Finally, let mc advise Tom Shccriu to study the life of that great Irish pat'iot and working-class leader, James Connolly, and to forth to realise the ideal-; to which he so nobly and courageously de-voted his life. It Tom Sheerin will attempt that he will find that he himself h;»s a real purpose in life.

December 1957 THE IRISH D E M O C R A T 5

a r . r t,r t,5-*

WHEN THEY LOOKED THE ' H Y was the pos ta l se rv i ce be-

t w e e n L o n d o n a n d D u b l i n once g i v e n m o r e a t t e n t i o n t h a n any o the r in the; c o u n t r y ?

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Ire-more

You will say that the Irish emigrat ing and looking for work use the Irish Mail n o w a d a y s and of course when they go h o m e on holidays. That is true but it is only comparatively recently that a third c lass was added to the first and second on the Irish mail—as late in fact as 1897.

E l i z a b e t h ' s aggress ive c a m p a i g n s in I r e l a n d d e m a n d e d t h a t r e g u l a r pos t a l ser-vices s h o u l d be e s t a b l i s h e d be tween Lon-d o n a n d Dubl in . T h i s w a s f i rs t d o n e in ]572. U p to the t ime w h e n t h e House of

It was in 17Sj t h a t the Irish mai l c o a c h was i n a u g u r a t e d . It s t a r t ed f r o m t h e

Swan with Two Necks" 111 G r e s h a m St ree t , London a n d ran to the "Eag la a n d Chi ld" Inn in Holyhead, t ak ing 27 h o u r s on the j o u r n e y .

As usual , w h e n the Engl ish G o v e r n m e n t got a sca re abou t I re land , c o n d i t i o n s ol t r ave l be tween t h e two coun t r i e s i m m e d i -a te ly improved . T h u s , a l t e r t h e '!>8 re-bellion a n d t h e Act of Union t h e r e were some more i m p r o v e m e n t s . A good r o a d was bui l t be tween Dubl in a n d H o w t h a n d a t e l e g r a p h s t a t i o n was erec ted a t Holy-h e a d . T h i s m e a n t t i ie sa i l ing p a c k e t could be s i g n a l l e d to t he h a r b o u r , so t h a t

: .' h ; •••::...li; ..:; had 1' cii d ;:.:,•• :! '•• I . . : We. War . 'i : ai. ,; 1 . .,!! e : • . \ .e, bel'.'.i all Dubai: . :id i',i ; . ; mid Dnui '.1 and^ . '.<•: >>.

Mail then there were two lorec- acMng e:i the r o m p u m mailing them improve the m rvice 1 here was ol course the spur ol t oiiipt titioii I:,mi Hie Great We . t ern Rail-wa,\ and there was public opinion. The vig'ilance of irate travellers continual ly brought much needeci improvements .

It was undoubtedly public pressure which made the Company introduce luncheon baskets at Crewe in 1876 and the same force brought the first lun-cheon car on the day trip from London in 1895. In the same year a luncheon and tea car was put on the Holyhead to London train. Particularly at the present t ime when

C o m m o n s became a power in t h e l and , t h e p o s t a l serv ice was m a i n l y u s e d by K i n g s a n d Q u e e n s to the i r E n g l i s h s e r v a n t s in p H e d ( ( ) s h j p s I n M a y 1 8 . J 0 U v o l e a r n e r s , I r e l a n d . At first t h e d e s p a t c h e s were car r ied bv cour iers .

t h e m a i l c o a c h m i g h t be d e t a i n e d il n e c e s - t h e r e i s o n l v o n e r a i ) w a y c o m p a n y , Bri sa ry . T h i s s aved 24 hours de lay to t h e t ^ R a i l w a y s , t h e t rave l l ing pub l i c shou ld

no t b e h a v e like t imid sheep . W h e n de lays a r e caused by u n c o n t r o l -

lable n a t u r a l events , t he off icials of Br i -t ish R a i l w a y s should keep t r a v e l l e r s in-f o r m e d of t h e cause.

T h e r e is n o t h i n g more i n f u r i a t i n g t h a n being he ld u p fo r four h o u r s w a i t i n g for a boa t to sai l while those w h o in a u t h o -

A f t o r t h e w o n d e r f u l discovery of s t e a m a s a m e a n s of p roouls ion . it w a s soon ap-

t h e " I v a n h o e " a n d t h e m e n e e d sa i l ing be tween

" T a l b o t " c o m -H o l v h e a d a n d

' R O M 1646, on an o r d e r f r o m the H o u s e H o w t h . of C o m m o n s two s a i l i n g vessels b e g a n T h e first t h r o u g h rail c o m m u n i c a t i o n n t y r e m a i n u n s e e n a n d u n a p p r o a c h a b l e

ply regula r ly be tween H o w t h H a r b o u r f r o m L o n d o n to H o l y h e a d s t a r t e d 111 1850. for an e x p l a n a t i o n .

A R A G G E D bearded creaturc , the ^ stump of his lef t a r m bathed in bloody rags, c r a w l e d pa in fu l l y th rough the bush near B a l i i n r a t , Vic-tor ia i:i December 1854. W i t h £200 on his head, and very l i t t l e energy in his body there seemed l i t t le hope for P e t e r L a w l c r .

P e t e r Lawlcr had been b o r n 111 Leix -t h e son of a p r o s p e r o u s M P. E d u c a t e d a t T r i n i t y College, D u b l i n , h e was very .-el l-willed and, t u r n i n g d o w n t h e oi ler of

by EAMONN LYONS

i x-convic! - a : .d shirker.-. In o r d e r to p ay these, the Governor ordered that c la ims could only be worked by l icence h o l d e r s -l icences cost ing thirty shill ings.

IT1E l ine ior unl icensed d igg ing w a s i m -pounds , ha l f of which would be p a i d

to t h e a r r e s t i n g cons tab le . T h i s r e s u l t e d 11 m a s s arrests of the mine r s , o f t e n fo r

f ^ R I O A Y . said R o b i n s o n Crusoe, I'm sorry, I E a r I m u s t lay you o'f ."

W h a t do you m e a n , M a s t e r ? " Why. you know t h e r e ' s a big s u r p l u s

oi last year ' s croo. 1 d o n ' t mean you to p lan t a n o t h e r th i s year . I've got e n o u g h goa t sk in clothes to last m e a l i fe t ime. My house needs no r epa i r s . I can g a i h e r t u r t l e eggs myself . There ' s an over -pro-duct ion . When I need you, I'll send f o r you. You needn ' t wait around here."

"That's all right, Master, I'll plant my own crop, build my own hut, and ga ther all the eggs and nuts I want myself. I'll got a long fine."

"Where will you do all this, Friday?" "Here on this island." "This island belongs to mc, you know.

I can't allow you to do that when you can't pay me a n y t h i n g I need. I m i g h t as well not own the island."

A Pantomime for Bosses

by J. McGILL

"Then I'll build a canoe and fish in the ocean. You don't own that."

"That's all right provided you don't use any of my trees for your canoe, or build it on my land, or use my beach for a landing place, and do your fishing far enough away so as not to interfere wi th my shore rights."

"I never thought of that , Master. I can do without a boat, though. I ll swim over to that rock and fish there and gather seaaull eggs."

"No, you won't, Friday, the rock is mine. I own the shore rights."

"Then what shall I do, Master?" "That's your problem, Friday. You're

a free man and vou know about the f ree enterprise maintained here."

"I guess I'll starve, Master. May I s tay j here until I do, or shall I swim beyond

pol ice mag i s t r a t e , a I r i cnd of , your shore rights and drown or s tarve p r o m p t l y acqu i t t ed h i m of m a n - I there?"

O n t h e n s l i t of October 17th. 18.34. J a m e s B e n t l y . ex-convict a n d owner of t he E u r e k a Hotel , bea t to d e a t h J i m S: obie. a Sco t t i sh digger . T h i s was .«,-•-'-): 's punishment ior demanding drink a iter closing tune.

a. c o m m i s s i o n by t h e D u k e of We l l i ng ton , j u s l n Q l h a v i [ 1 ! , t h e i r l i c c n c e on t h e m . n e se t ou t a t t he a g e of 25 fo r Me lbourne . T h e r e lie became f o r e m a n on t h e con , - t ruc t ion ol t he M e l b o u r n e Gee long rai l , ,ay. T h e work was ve ry h a r d a n d ill- ' u n h c m S c d d:

b u t Law ler s tuck it u n t i l t h e socia l pa id , • t i n c t u r e of Geelong w a s d e s t r o y e d over-n i g h t by gold.

B e f o r e t h e colonial a d m i n i s t r a t i o n h a d •-•veil cons ide red w h a t s t e p s to t ake , o n e • il t h e m a d d e s t gold r u s h e s of all t u n e wa.% :n Mill swing.

Pe l t r Law lei- j o ined t h e m a n y thou-s a n d s head ing lor t h e gold f ie lds but. a r r i v e d too late to get a : h a r e m the

I n s t e a d of a n E l d o r a d o r n b b e r v t h e o rder of

T e m p e r s f la red , l ists were r a i s e d : con-s t ab l e s de l ibe ra t e ly s m a s h e d costly d i g g i n g tools, bea t u p a r r e s t e d men. a n d h u n t e d

e r s like a n i m a l s 111 l a rge -scale "d igge r d r ives" .

T h e Ben t ly : l a u g h t e r . T h e diggers t h e n s t o r m e d t h e hotel , set it on lire a n d B e n t l e y go t a w a y before t hey could get t he i r h a n d s on h im.

G o v e r n o r H a t h a n ' s a n s w e r w a s to send four h u n d r e d and f i f ty police f r o m Mel-b o u r n e a n d a r r e s t t h r ee d i g g e r s a t r a n -dom.

In s p i t e of t h e g r ea t e f fo r t s of Lawlcr , t h e t h r e e were found gui l ty ol a r s o n . " | T I A T n i g h t B a l l m r a t ' s B a k e r y Hill

s w a r m e d with a n g r y d i g g e r s a n d P e t e r P e t e r Lawle r ' s own claim on E u r e k a Hill Lawie r m a d e the first public s p e e c h oi h i s

t u r n e d out a l m o - t ba r ren , but h e used h i s ' er . H e called on all d igge r s to b u r n exce l l en t e d u c a t i o n to plead t h e c a s e of

' a-

ear ly s tr ikes, f o u n d murder , day .

lie 1 l ightened turned to the tabh'-h order.

• d com )li t 0 p:

and coni u • ed authori-wor: t pos' ibie measure

Governor Lalroke or-ohibit.1011 on the gold-

t i le pe r secu ted d iggers with t h e police. However, the situation cont inued to

deteriorate and. just when Lav. ler was considering 11a re positive action Governor I.alroke re.-igned.

T h e Govern . . : s successor was a h o p e -lessly u n i m a g i n a t i v e person. Hi- n a m e was C h a r l e s Ha t b a n and lie was a n ex-Hi i t i . i i N a v a l officer. His first a c t w a s : 1 end p roh ib i t i on , t he result b e i n g t h e m u - h r o o m e n v.th of liquor d e n s I h r o u g h -niit B u l i m i a s II you were a f r i e n d of

.,,.1,1 the police, v . i 1 could knock t o g e t h e r a few 13:,t most of t h e po l i cemen , a n d a good old boards , call rt a hotel a n d t h e n sell

,-nanv officials t h e m s e l v e s jo ined t h e ru sh , l iquor at fa m i n u s pr .ee : . . 0 Ha- Governor was lo rced to recruit Soon t h e lu ry of t he m i n e r s b e c a m e

ep laccnu ills f rom w h e r e v e r he could f ind equal ly d iv ided between t h e pol ice a n d • h e m . T h e result was t h a t t h e ope ra t ion "hote l owner-. ' ' T h e n c a m e t h e p a r k , .,1 t h e law IH1 in to t h e h a n d s of t h u g s , which exp loded t h e pov der keg.

WHEN TO FLY THE TRICOLOUR SE V E R A L times recent ly at our T h e r e a r e in all. in this booklet 20 d i r e r -

Tuesday night Meet ings , a f ter Hons 1 or t h e u e of our Na t iona l Elag d a r k , heckl ing wiseacrcs have inter-rup ted the speaker's orat ion, to de-m a n d that the T r i c o l o u r be taken d o w n af ter dark.

I n answer , one ol t h e speakers , G. C u r r a n . sa id t h a t a s I h e Hag r e p r e s e n t e d I r i s h repub l ican i sm, he w a s e n t i t l e d to 11 v t h e f lag a t any t i m e of t he d a y o r n i g h t .

P e r h a p s , however, t h i s r e m a r k did n o t h e l p to c lear u p t h e c o n f u s i o n wh ich ex i s t s a b o u t our flair.

F o r t h e more lega l i s t ic t h e L o n d o n S e c r e t a r y . E a m o n n L y o n s h a s p rov ided f r o t p , l i s l ibrary t h e official i n s t r u c t i o n s a b o u t t h e use of t h e T r i c o l o u r 011 all occa-s ions .

T h e s e a r e g r o u p e d under d i f f e r e n t h e a d -ings, Des ign . P lac ing a n d P r e c e d e n c e , Ho i s t i ng a n d Lower ing the l lag. S a l u t i n g t h e Elag, W o r n - o u t Flag, P r a c t i c e s to Avoid a n d Occas ions on which t h e f lag is f lown.

T h o s e I r i sh o r g a n i s a t i o n s 111 E n g l a n d who hold public, mee t ings will be i n t e r -e s t ed in i n s t r u c t i o n 19 u n d e r P r a c t i c e s to Avoid.

I t s a y s : The Flag should be displayed, in the

open, only between sunriM and sunset , EXCEPT on tho occasion of PUBLIC MEETINGS, processions or funerals, when it may be displayed tor the dura-tion of such (unctions.

t he i r l i cences and in a few m i n u t e s e leven t h o u s a n d were being des t royed in a bon-fire.

T h e rebel l ion was on. L a w l e r ' s t e n t oil j Eureka Hil l In.came the h e a d q u a r t e r s of , two h u n d r e d de t e rmined m e n w h o elected I the i . e i x m a n their "commander-in-chief". |

W illi on ly lilt r guns, t h e rebels waited , 11.r two {Jays. Across a smal l "no-man ' s -l a n d " were t h r e e h u n d r e d wa 1 l-i qu .pped , m l a n t r y a n d p lice h o o p e r , u n d e r a Cap- . t a i n T h o m a s .

On D e c e m b e r Ural. 1H54. t he only ba t t l e ever 1 o u g h t on Aus t r a l i an soil c o m m e n c e d . U n f o r t u n a t e l y it did no t las t long. T h e ljiu r i c a d e s were o v r - r u n , t h e rebel flag torn d o w n a n d f i f teen d iggers lay dead a n d man;. ' more were t aken p r i soner ,

I AW'LER got two bnllet.s in I11:. a r m , bu t

-1 m a n a g i d to lie h idden a m o n g s t t h e s p l i n t e r e d logs unti l l r i ends ca r r i ed h i m

1 to a local 1 r iendly doctor. The G o v e r n o r pu t two h u n d r e d p o u n d s

0:1 h i s l u a d and for two weeks he was h u n t e d l ike a wild a n i m a l .

M e a n w h i l e t he cause of t h e m i n e r s was ge t t ing s u p p o r t f r om iine.\]>ected q u a r t e r s . J u r y a l t e r ju ry re fused to conv ic t t h e dig-gers w h o had been c h a r g e d w i t h h i g h t r eason .

F i n a l l y t hey were set free and, as a re-su l t of mass public demonstrat ions in then-support, the Governor cauce l led the re-ward offered for Lawler's capture . In London, the Colonial Office granted a Const i tut ion to Victoria and Lawler emerged from hiding to f ind liiniself a public hero.

In 1858 Victoria had its f irst parl iamen-tary e lect ion and Lawler was e lected for Ball inrat .

As t i m e w p n t on, a l t h o u g h h e b e c a m e a

I've thought of something . Friday, t don't like to carry garbage down to t h e shore each day. You may stay and do t h a t ; then whatever is left of it, a f ter m y dog and cat have been fed, you may eat . You're in luck."

"Thank you, Master. That is true charity."

"One thing more, Friday. This is land is overpopulated. Fifty per cent, of thei people are unemployed. We are under-g o i n g a severe depression, and there is n o way that I can see to end it. No-one but a charlatan would say that he could. S o keep a look-out and let no-one land here to settle, and if any s h i p comes don' t let them land any goods of any k ind. You must be protected from fore ign labour.

SPECIAL APPEAL FOR £40

C H R I S T M A S is coming, and the . Treasurer jo ins the Edi tor in w ish ing all our readers every happ i -ness at this t i m e and in the N e w Y e a r , and may the day soon come w h e n w e can celebrate C h r i s t m a s at home in a un i ted country .

B U T — w e must ask you to r e m e m -ber the " D e m o c r a t " at C h r i s t m a s t i m e , and send us a donat ion to boost our fund up to £ 4 0 and start us w e l l for 1958.

J i m M c G i l i leads the w a y w i t h a splendid donat ion of £10. C o m e on n o w , the rest of y o u ! Spare us pounds, shil l ings or pence, it a l l he lps, a n d is al l as m u c h appreciated. S e n d to Chr is tmas F u n d , " I r ish D e m o c r a t , " 374 Grays Inn Road , London, W . C . 1 .

November's -donors were : H. Mc-Govern 4/ - ; Anon, Elephant, 2 /6 ; Anon, New Cross, 1 / - ; D. Logan 7 / 3 ; J. P. McGili £ 8 ; E. O'Dowling 1 /6; J. Barrett 8 / - ; M. Duignan 1 / - ; T. Henry 10/-; per E. O'Dowling I I - ; M. Brennan 5/ - ; G. Shields 3 / - ; Anon. Holloway 2/6; Anon, Camden Town

- 6d.; Ditto 6d.; J. Casey £ t ; M. J-mucli respected statesman, he remained | Tuohy 2 / - ; P. Sullivan 2 / - ; per S.

fnan^Qt ieen v S i n l " ^ * ^ ^ ^ 1 ^ " . ^ 1 / - ; J. P . To-day Peter Lawler's r<>bel f lag flies as M c G i l l £10 ; J. G u i l f o y l e 3 / - .

the flag of the Dominion of Australia. T o t a l £21 16s. 9d.

6 T H E IRISH D E M O C R A T December 1957

ENEMY WHO WAITS FOR US A Y E A R ago the " I r ish D e m o c r a t "

^ contained an art ic le on I r ishmen and Tuberculosis. Th is stressed tha t j the Irish coming to England do not bring T.B. w i t h them, but that they often catch it w h e n they come to Br i ta in .

In spite of publ ic i ty and e f fo r t s made by Ches t Clinics and Medica l Officers of H e a l t h this th rea t to t h e we l fa re and hea l th of young I r i sh men and w o m e n remains .

Las t y e a r n e a r l y 400 new a n d u n s u s -pec ted cases of T.B. were d i scovered m one N o r t h L o n d o n B o r o u g h . W h e n t h e s e people were e x a m i n e d it w a s f o u n d t h a t I r i s h N a t i o n a l s s h o w e d m o r e t h a n t h r e e t imes t h e r a t e of i n f e c t i o n t h a n o t h e r s a n d t h a t n e a r l y all h a d been i n f e c t e d in t h i s c o u n t r y . T h e c a t e r i n g t r ades , l i censed v ic tua l l e r s a n d bu i ld ing t r a d e s a p p e a r e d to h a v e t h e l a r g e s t n u m b e r going d o w n w i t h t u b e r c u l o s i s . S o m e t h i n g M U S T be done to p r e v e n t t h i s so r t of t h i n g con-

LEMASS HAS IT! F R O M O U R D U B L I N C O R R E S P O N D E N T

t i nu ing .

by Dr. Wallace Craig

Fi r s t ly a l l t h o s e c o m i n g to E n g l a n d s h o u l d t r y a n d h a v e a h e a l t h check in-c lud ing X - r a y b e f o r e or soon a f t e r a r r i v a l a n d if n e c e s s a r y v a c c i n a t i o n a g a i n s t T.B.

Yearly X-rays can easily be arranged free in th i s country. Th i s is a s imple, quick and conf ident ia l examinat ion. Many firms arrange this for employees. If YOU do not know how or where to go ask your firm's wel fare officer or nurse for advice or speak to your own doctor. Should a n y t h i n g be found wrong your local Chest Clinic will give you every kind of friendly advice and help.

N o w a d a y s tubercu los i s , if discovered early is easy t o cure . I t m a y only m e a n t a k i n g l i fe a b i t more qu ie t ly a n d h a v i n g special m e d i c i n e . So if in doubt do n o t waif for a n X - r a y u n t i l your i l lness m a y h a v e become c h r o n i c a n d requi res l onge r t r e a t m e n t o r even o p e r a t i o n .

Nor th L o n d o n h a s a s t a t i o n a r y X- ray Un i t a t 32 D r a y t o n P a r k . N.5. t e l e p h o n e N o r t h 2450. No a p p o i n t m e n t s or doc tors ' l e t t e r s r e q u i r e d . J u s t t u r n u p to suit your-self a f t e r p h o n i n g or w r i t i n g lor de ta i l s of t imes. T h e r e a r e day a n d even ing ses-s ions—no u n d r e s s i n g r equ i red . Buses 43. 122, 609, 611, 679 s top a t D r a y t o n P a r k , Hollo way R o a d a n d Hollo way R o a d T u b e (Piccadi l ly L i n e i a n d D r a y t o n P a r k iNor-t h e r n L ine ) S t a t i o n s a r e only a few min -u tes away . S t . P a n c r a s C h e s t Cl inic in M a r g a r e t S t r e e t , n e a r O x f o r d Ci rcus a n d I s l ing ton C h e s t Cl inic in t h e g r o u n d s of W h i t t i n g t o n Hosp i t a l , S t . M a r y ' s W i n g , H i g h g a t e Hil l , N.19, b o t h h a v e Thursday-even ing s e s s i o n s fo r t h o s e a t work .

Eve ryone s h o u l d p res s e m p l o y e r s a n d u n i o n s to s ee t h a t emp loyees c a n ge t t i m e off for t h e s e e x a m i n a t i o n s .

Think about these fac t s and do your bit to f ight this cruel enemy Tubercu-losis by h a v i n g a check-up and advis ing your f r i ends to do (he same.

A T last, M r . Lemass has the solu-tion to I re land's problems. It is

s imple—the G o v e r n m e n t aims to get at least £20 mi l l ion a year of fore ign money (p r inc ipa l l y A m e r i c a n ) in-vested in I re land.

W h e n we go t o u r po l i t i ca l i n d e p e n d e n c e , g e n u i n e r e p u b l i c a n s r ea l i s ed t h a t we would h a v e to t a k e legal m e a s u r e s to e n d t h e economic con t ro l of o u r n a t i o n by a c a p i t a l i s m m o r e p o w e r f u l a n d t echn ica l ly a d v a n c e d t h a n o u r own, a n d . as a first s tep , to s top t h e e x p l o i t a t i o n of t he work-ing people by firms w h o t h e n s e n t t h e p ro f i t s ou t of t h e c o u n t r y .

So t h e r e exis ts t h e C o n t r o l of M a n u -f a c t u r e s Act wh ich is s u p p o s e d to dec ide t h e o w n e r s h i p of I r i s h i n d u s t r y , a n d to w h o m t h e p rof i t s go.

Soc ia l i s t s h a v e been s a y i n g for y e a r s t h a t t h i s leg is la t ion w a s en t i r e ly i n a d e -q u a t e , a n d t h a t , in f ac t , our i n d u s t r y a n d finance were con t ro l l ed f r o m outs ide .

I w-ell r e m e m b e r s a y i n g t h a t in a speech a n d being c h a l l e n g e d by a l i s t ener , w h o sa id t h a t t h e C o n t r o l of M a n u f a c -t u r e s Act p r e v e n t e d f o r e i g n d o m i n a t i o n .

" 1 1 7 E L L . now we h a v e i t f r o m t h e h o r s e ' s * " own m o u t h . Mr . L e m a s s , s p e a k i n g

in D u b l i n l a s t week, s a i d : "The Control of Manufactures Act

has never really been a difficulty in the way of external part ic ipat ion in Irish industrial deve lopment" and in the same speech, he gave vent to the truism that " . . . nobody will invest in Irish industrial development except there is a prospect of profits commensurate with the risks involved." Thi s , t o g e t h e r w i t h t h e f a c t t h a t " W e

h a v e d i s m a n t l e d t h a t w a r - t i m e price con-t ro l l ing m e c h a n i s m c o m p l e t e l y " ( s a m e

speech i. i n e a n s t h a t if f o r e i g n cap i t a l i s t s inves t here , they will h a v e t h e r i g h t to do us they like. T h e y will be gene rous ly g r a n t e d income t a x e x e m p t i o n s , a n d will be al lowed to t a k e l r o m the c o u n t r y t.s m u c h wea l th as t hey c a n wr ing Horn t h e work of I r i s h m e n .

Even if Mr. L e m a s s h a s still a s p a r k ol r e p u b l i c a n i s m ins ide h i m (.which, a l t e r all, is no t a l t o g e t h e r imposs ib le ) t h i s is a c o m p l e t e be t r aya l of t h e whole n a t i o n a l cause .

W e a t t a i n e d pol i t ica l i n d e p e n d e n c e pre-cisely fo r t he p u r p o s e of con t ro l l i ng a n d deve lop ing our own p r o d u c t i o n a n d reap-ing t h e benef i t s of o u r own e f fo r t s . W e believed t h a t we were e n d i n g ove r seas exp lo i t a t ion a n d we h a d su f f i c ien t sel f -con f idence to t h i n k t h a t we were c a p a b l e of developing our o w n c o u n t r y .

T h e p r e s e n t a t t i t u d e of F i a n n a Fa i l , in effect , s ays :

"We do not believe that we can de-velop the country—so we would ITke to become a colony again , but we would prefer to be exploited by Americans and Germans because the British treated us badly the last t ime." I t is no t s u r p r i s i n g t h a t t h e i r b e t r a y a l

of t h e idea of a n i n d e p e n d e n t r epub l i c on t h e economic f r o n t , s h o u l d t a k e p lace a t t h e s a m e t ime a s t h e i r p e r s e c u t i o n of pol i t ical r epub l i cans .

T h e j o b of r e s t o r i n g t h e n a t i o n ' s confi-d e n c e in its power t o bui ld t h e f u t u r e fa l l s to t h e work ing people , a n d our rea l q u a r r e l w i th C a p i t a l i s m in I r e l a n d is t h a t , in to-day ' s world i t is so de spe ra t e ly in-c o m p e t e n t .

* * * i \ N E of t he joys of l iv ing in Dub l in is

i ts w o n d e r f u l t h e a t r i c a l t r a d i t i o n ,

a n d t h e g r e a t o u t p u t ol p l a y s a n d acm; '1 lus is a r e a s o n why an I r i s h Tel . 'vision Serv ice could a t t a i n a n e x t r e m e l y h igh s t a n d a r d , a s it will i n e v i t a b l y dra-a on t h e a t r i c a l pe r sonne l a n d m a t e r i a l s .

W e could e n r i c h our c u l t u r a l lit? a n d by e x p o r t i n g o u r te levision f i lms , sp read a b e t t e r knowledge a n d u n d e r s t a n d i n g of o u r cu l tu re .

I n B r i t a i n , however , t e lev is ion h a s r e a c h e d , due to t h e d o m i n a n c e ol adver-t i s ing, a s t a t e of d e g r a d a t i o n s u r p a s s e d only (if r e p o r t s a r e t r u e i by i t s Amer i can c o u n t e r p a r t .

If t h e c o m m e r c i a l s were al lowed to d o m i n a t e he re , it could d i s r u p t o u r whole t h e a t r e , w h i c h is t he envy of t h e world, a n d w h i c h in t h e pas t , s i n c e t h e r e was n o big m o n e y to be m a d e i n i t , could pur-s u e g e n u i n e a r t i s t i c o b j e c t i v e s a n d re Meet t h e f ee l i ngs of t h e people.

T h o u g h it h a s been dec ided t h a t we a r e to h a v e a n I r i s h te levis ion service , t h e q u e s t i o n of w h o is t o finance i t h a s no t been se t t l ed . L e t us h o p e t h a t i t is no t t h e a d v e r t i s e r s .

* * * 1 ) Y t h e t i m e t h e s e w o r d s a p p e a r , t h e ^ r e su l t of t h e D u b l i n N o r t h C e n t r a l by-elect ion will be known .

T h e r u m o u r s of U n e m p l o y e d a n d B r o w n e ' s c a n d i d a t e s h a v e c o m e to no th -ing, so t h a t t h e c e n t r a l i s sue r e m a i n s t h e q u e s t i o n of t h e a t t i t u d e t o S i n n Fe in a n d t h e F i a n n a Fa i l c o n c e n t r a t i o n camp.

T h e loss of a sea t by F i a n n a Fai l will n o t cost t h e m the i r Dai l m a j o r i t y , but a s u b s t a n t i a l vo te f o r S i n n F e i n will indi-c a t e t h a t t h e people a r e o n c e m o r e a w a r e t h a t U n i t y a n d i n d e p e n d e n c e r e m a i n t h e c e n t r a l pol i t ical issues in I r e l a n d .

UNOFFICIAL, HUH?

NOTES & NEWS HTHE London Socials Committee has got * down to the job of organis ing the New

Year's Eve Social and making plans for the S t Patrick's Night Dance. The Socials stalwarts May Malone, Elsie O'Dowling, Pat Kearney, and Jerry Murphy, are joined on the new commit tee by Maureen Langan, L iam Kelly and Sean Hurley.

After the problems of March 17th are off their shoulders , they will be preparing for the Annua l Reunion in September ot next year. As well as these all-London events, West London Branch has begun to hold regular socials.

T h e r e - e n r o l m e n t of m e m b e r s for 1958 h a s b e g u n . T h i s is be ing u n d e r t a k e n m a i n l y by t h e b r a n c h e s , who now r e t a i n all t h e 5 / - m e m b e r s h i p s u b s c r i p t i o n to h e l p t h e m bui ld t h e i r local ac t iv i t ies . M a n c h e s t e r B r a n c h h o p e to e n r o l a goodly n u m b e r of n e w m e m b e r s a s well. O n e of t h e i r old m e m b e r s . J i m Leavey, w h o h a s r e t u r n e d h o m e t o L o n g f o r d a n d still keeps In t ouch w i t h M a n c h e s t e r . ' h a s been m a d e a n h o n o r a r y m e m b e r . If M a n c h e s t e r ' s p l a n s f o r i n c r e a s e d m e m b e r s h i p succeed . W e s t L o n d o n h a d b e t t e r look o u t ; it m a y lose i ts p o s i t i o n as t h e b igges t b r a n c h !

New branches are on the way in East London and the great Irish centre of Willeaden. G w e n and Ted Shie lds and Bob and Joan Anderson are hoping that their showing of the c lassic Irish Republi-can film "The Dawn" will help to bring to-gether enough members to get started in • agenham. Tireless Scan Hurley has agreed to bo secretary of a Wil lesden Branch, and that's a good start I

y y H A T is an unofficial strike? The theory of trades unionism is that

the union is controlled by the workers, so it is a lways surprising to hear of a union executive condemning the use of the strike weapon by workers w h o have a genuine grievance. That brings us to the second quest ion—what is a genu ine grievance?

Women workers at the Ballincollig s laughterhouse were told by the bosses that in future they would have the extra job of assist ing at the s laughter. They were to replace men at the task of hold-ing pigs by the ears and forelegs whilst the animals were killed. Also they were told to work in the guthouse—a job as un-pleasant as it sounds.

T h e girls said " N o ! " T h e y reckoned t h a t such work w a s n o t in keep ing w i t h t h e d ign i ty of w o m a n h o o d , a n d they ob-j ec t ed also to t h e f a c t t h a t t hey would be d e p r i v i n g m e n of work . T h e r e was n o t even a sugges t i on of e x t r a pay for t h e e x t r a work they would be doing. So t h e y took t h e i r c o m p l a i n t to Connol ly Hal l , h e a d q u a r t e r s in Cork of t h e I r ish T r a n s -p o r t a n d G e n e r a l W o r k e r s ' Union.

B u t now it w a s t h e t u r n of t h e

I .T.G.W.U. to say " N o ! " T h e y were m o s t shocked a t t h e t h o u g h t of t h e w o m e n s t r i k ing . " O t h e r w o m e n do t h e s e jobs in o t h e r ci ty a b a t t o i r s , " t h e y sa id , " a n d be-s ides . . . t h e m e n w h o would lose jobs w e r e merely casual labourers!" P l e a s e note , gen t l e r eade r , t h a t t h e t e r m "mere ly c a s u a l l a b o u r e r s " w a s a c t u a l l y used by t he se wor thy officials of t h e u n i o n which L a r k i n a n d Connol ly o n c e led.

Now comes t h e s e c o n d c h a p t e r in t h i s h a p p y his tory. At a m e e t i n g of s l a u g h t e r -h o u s e un ion i s t s t h e m e n were o rde red out , so t h a t t h e w o m e n m i g h t be s p o k e n to in a m o r e f a t h e r l y f a s h i o n . And t h e y were told t h a t if they c o n t i n u e d th i s s t r k e i t would m e a n t h a t t h e i r c h i l d r e n would be h u n g r y , a n d the a g e d widows w h o m s o m e s u p p o r t e d would go h u n g r y too. A f t e r t h i s good, p a t e r n a l advice , s o m e of t h e m did go b a c k — b u t t h e s t r i k e s t i l l c o n t i n u e s . .

I s t h e r e a mora l to t h i s s t o ry? N o t yet, bu t I p red ic t t h a t t h e r e will be s o m e day. You c a n ' t fool all of t h e worke r s all of t h e t i m e . . . C o n n o l l y ' s t e a c h i n g s m a y st i l l be r ead a n d u n d e r s t o o d . N a s t i e s t t a s t e in t h e m o u t h f r o m t h i s g u t h o u s e ch ron i c l e is t h e f a c t t h a t all w o r k e r s who go on unofficial s t r i k e h a v e to be officially r e e n g a g e d . T h i s m e a n s t h a t t hose w o m e n who were p a i d on a bas i s of

SINN FEIN-PLEASE ANSWER T^HE Connolly Associat ion has sent the A fol lowing letter to the Standing Com-

mit tee of S inn Fein. A c h a i r d e ,

On N o v e m b e r 3rd in H y d e Pa rk a y o u n g m a n c l a i m i n g to be o n e of your m e m b e r s a sked t h e Conno l ly Assoc ia t ion s p e a k e r why th i s o r g a n i s a t i o n d id n o t s u p p o r t t h e R e p u b l i c a n m o v e m e n t . T h e Connol ly Asso-c ia t ion is of c o u r s e i tself a R e p u b l i c a n o r g a n i s a t i o n , r e p r e s e n t i n g t h e Socia l l s t -R e p u b l i c a n i s m of J a m e s Connol ly . B u t t h a t is i nc iden t a l .

T h e young m a n w a s a sked w h a t Re -pub l i can m o v e m e n t h e r e f e r r e d to. Did h e r e f e r to I r i sh N a t i o n a l U n i o n " w h i c h

T h a n k s to t h e e n t h u s i a s t i c work of a few bu t a p p a r e n t l y e x p e r t m e m b e r s , led by C h r i s O'St i l l ivan a n d S c a n Hur ley , t h e new office is now rea l ly fit for m e e t i n g s j a n d g a t h e r i n g s , a n d S u n d a y even ing lec-t u r e s mi O 'Casev . S h a w , sc ient i f ic a n d c u l t u r a l s u b j e c t s will soon l>o held.

T h e newly-formed London Co-ordina-tjing Committee has not really had a chance to get down to its work of co-ordinat ing 9)1 London act iv i t ies yet. It has an immense V'» front of it, but it will be led by Ea .nonn Lyons and its members includc Des Logan, Jerry Murphy, Olive Bates, Joo O'Connor, Joe Quinn and Sean Redmond.

c l a ims to be t h e R e p u b l i c a n m o v e m e n t . He repl ied t h a t S i n n F e i n r e p u d i a t e d t h a t o r g a n i s a t i o n .

O n November 10th a n o t h e r y o u n g m a n . who asked t h e s a m e ( loaded) ques t ion , a n d also c la imed to be a m e m b e r of S i n n Fein, answered o u r q u e s t i o n t h e oppos i te way. He said t h a t Mr . O ' C a l l a g h a n was t h e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e of S i n n F e i n in London , a n d t h a t t he I r i sh N a t i o n a l Un ion w a s t h e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e body, b u t t h a t it was "un-officially c o n n e c t e d " b e c a u s e "unoff ic ia l connec t ion ' ' i w h a t e v e r t h a t m a y be) was more su i t ab l e to E n g l i s h cond i t ions .

T h e g roup of y o u t h s wi th w h o m th i s second speaker w a s c o n n e c t e d dec la red t h a t S i n n Fein w a s to-day based on t h e t e a c h i n g s of A r t h u r Gr i f f i t h , leaving out solely t he idea of d u a l m o n a r c h y . W h e n C a t h a l l i r u g h a w a s m e n t i o n e d a shou t w e n t u p t h a t he w a s a n " E n g l i s h m a n . "

W h a t a r e your y o u n g people being t a u g h t in London? Most, of t h e leaders of t h e Connol ly Assoc ia t ion a r e in poli t ics for twen tv y e ; y s a n d more. None ol t h e m ever h e a r d a R e p u b l i c a n boost Gr i f f i t h and run down B r u g h a m the i r lives before .

W e beg YOU to s t a t e w h e r e you s t a n d officially.

S inne , E. MACLAUGHLIN JOSEPH DEIGHAN.

Cork Newscast by N O R M A N L E T C H F O R D

sen io r i ty go back to t h e l o w e s t r a t e . T h e only p l e a s u r e I h a v e in t e l l i n g t h i s s tory is to s a l u t e t h e women still o n s t r i l j e i rom t h e Cork F a r m e r s ' Union , a n d t o tell t hem t h a t t hey a r e in t h e b e s t t r a d i t i o n s of t h a t w o r k i n g c lass wh ich wi l l s o m e day come i n t o i ts own. S m a l l a s t h e i r act ion m a y s e e m it is p a r t of t h a t g rea te r s t r u g g l e fo r w h i c h Connol ly d i ed .

T h e r e will be twice as m u c h C h r i s t m a s relief work t h i s year , d e c i d e d Cork Cor-p o r a t i o n . T h i s is t h e s u c c e s s f u l ou tcome of a n i n t e n s i v e c a m p a i g n by t h e Un-employed P r o t e s t M o v e m e n t in Cork. T i m o t h y G r a h a m e , r e d o u b t a b l e c h a i r m a n of t h a t ve ry m i l i t a n t body, w a s quick to p o i n t ou t t h a t t hey would p r e f e r produc-t ive work ' a l l t h e y e a r r o u n d . T im G r a h a m e h a d a n a r t i c le p u b l i s h e d in t h e " S u n d a y P re s s ' a lew weeks ago . I t was obviously t h e work of a c o m p e t e n t jour-na l i s t , bes ides t h a t of a very c l e a r t h i n k e r on economic issues.

C o r k ' s O p e r a House m a y be resur rec ted . T h e s i t e c o n t a i n i n g its b u r n t - o u t r e m a i n s c o m e s u p f o r auc t ion t h i s m o n t h , and t h e r e is good r ea son to be l i eve t h a t a g r o u p of people anx ious t o k e e p alive t he t h e a t r i c a l a n d ope ra t i c t r a d i t i o n s o! Cork will bid fo r it. I t ' s a p i ty , howeve r , t h a t a n a t m o s p h e r e of secrecy s h o u l d s u r r o u n d s u c h a group . T h e y s h o u l d ral ly t h e o r d i n a r y work ing people of C o r k a round t h e m a n d es t ab l i sh a rea l t h e a t r e of t h e people. T h e r e will be n o s a t i s f a c t i o n in Cork unt i l t h e O p e r a H o u s e c o m e s back . . . even if we h a v e to w a i t for t h e W o r k e r s ' Repub l i c !

L E T T E R I R ISHMF.N do m a k e good t r a d e union-

ists a s your p a m p h l e t s a v s . We weie work ing f r o m t h e Home S t a t i o n of Wlute-chape l a n d wen t to t h e E p p i n g - O n g a r elec-t r i f i ca t i on job e a c h day . W h e n clocking a t White* Impel we were p a i d on Tim: -days . T h e n we were told we h a d to d o r k at E p p m g a n d get paid on F r idays . Ail t h e m a n , I r ish . Eng l i sh a n d Afri-,111 M"iied a p ro tes t . Hut no t h i n g was <1 .... . Hut I lien . t h e y all s topped work for , r i h o u r a n d told t h e m a n a e e m e n t th.it il the'.' were no t paid next week on I.:1' T h u r s d a y they would r e f u s e to sh i r t work. T h e y were paid.

JOE O'CONNOR, London, E.I.

December 1957 T H E IRISH D E M O C R A T 7

SECOND THOUGHTS ON THE PLOUGH

Edited by Sean Redmond

FREEDOM PLAN n p H E essential points of the plan of cam-

pa g n in the S inn Fein programme to unite ireiand can be s tated very briefly. T h e S i n n Fein Party will contest both the local end the Parl iamentary elections in the Tutenty-Six Counties. Successful can-didates in the local e lect ions are al lowed to participate in the dut ies of local gov-ernment bodies. Success fu l Parl iamentary candidates , however, will not at tend at Leinster House until S inn Fein has had elected sufficient representat ives to form an ovetail majority. When this happens they w.iil set up a Republican Government. This government shal l then invite all m e m b e i s of the S tormont Government to take their seats in the Parliament of the Repubix . If about forty of the 52 M.P.s in the Six Counties refuse to accept (as is expected they will) then members to represent those const i tuencies can be selectfol through const i tuency convent ions or other agreed machinery .

S inn Fein will not contest the local or Parl iamentary e lec t ions in the Six Coun-ties because the undemocrat ic condi t ions imposed by the Stormont Government and the oath of a l legiance preclude Sinn Fein member's from partic ipating,

This plan of c a m p a i g n is of an extreme nature. It avoids like the plague any hint of compromise with British rule in Ire-land. T h i s approach springs from the failure of "normal" political methods to sett le the Irish question within the present political set-up which was imposed on Ire-land by the British Government when they partit ioned the country.

However, it is not the electoral campaign ot Sinn Fein and still less its economic policy, which has brought this party to the tore in Irish polit ics in a short period. The reason for th is is found in the fol-lowing s en tence from the programme: "In the c ircumstances it appears that m e a n s ' other than const i tut ional ones will have to be adopted." T h e direct uncompromis-ing o-oposition of S inn Fein to British im-perial ism in Ireland is the basis of its growing strength. Whether one agrees or disagrees with the methods adopted, it should be understood that the support given to Sinn Fein, especially by the Irish youth, was withheld from other political parties in previous years because they did not act iv ise res i s tance to the cont inued British occupation of Ireland.

Perhaps the main reason for the failure, since the war, to carry out a practical campaign to end Partit ion Is to be found beyond the shores of Ireland. The main political parties in the South and the leaders of Anti-Part i t ion In the Six Coun-ties were so desirous of taking their s tand alongside the Western Powers, U.S.A., N.A.T O., etc., in the struggle of the cold war that , as a consequence, they found themse lves rendered inactive (except for words) at home on the partition Issue. They feared to embarrass the British Government, because that Government is one of the main planks of the Western all iance.

The S inn Fein policy as outlined in this programme implies the (rejection ol this outlook. For them the first and most im-portant task is to get the British troops out of Ireland.

In the introduction to the Programme it is s tated that S inn Fein will endeavour

to attract the youth of Ireland and avail-ing of the means at its disposal to en-l ighten them on the fundamenta l s form-ing the base on which tho Republican cause rests."

What are these fundamenta l s? This is one of the many unanswered q u e s t i o n s which come to mind on reading this pro-gramme. If wo aro to Judge from the pages of tho "United Irishman" or from the s ta t ement s by some of the execut ive members of S inn Fein tho basis of their

(Continued at foot of next Col.)

I R E L A N D'S Sputnik. 1 That's the "Plough."

Its second n u m b e r ? Why , the one w i t h the dog in it ! Congratulat ions to the editor ial board. We make no apology for r e v i e w i n g their second number also. T h e importance of the venture and the great responsibi l i ty they have u n d e r t a k e n entitles t h e m to consideration.

* * *

"I">HE i m p o r t a n c e of t h e "P lough" is t h a t it may h e r a l d a rea l revival of Soc ia l -

ism m I re land .

I t h a s sold t h r e e t h o u s a n d copies in October , a t r e m e n d o u s ach i evemen t . I t is g rea t ly to be h o p e d t h a t th i s will p a y f o r t h e p r in t ing . If no t , t h e n our f r i e n d s shou ld cons ider t h e i r price, or a p p o i n t a n adver t i s ing m a n a g e r to secure a d v e r t s f r o m t r a d e u n i o n a n d o t h e r sources .

F i n a n c e is t he v u l n e r a b l e spot in a pro-gressive j ou rna l .

He re is one t h a t is f r e e f r o m t h e a p -

Common Market I N 1779 Napper Tandy's a r t i l l e r y • paraded t h r o u g h Dubl in w i t h this famous s l o g a n : "Free T r a d e — Or Else" emblazoned on placards hanging f r o m the i r guns. T h e y fought back against the a t tempts made by the Br i t i sh rul ing class to stifle Ir ish t rade.

In 1957 t h e i s sue of f r ee t r a d e in E u r o p e is a very d i f f e r e n t a n d compl ica ted a f f a i r ; l ea rned e c o n o m i s t s h a v e wr i t t en mi l l i ons of words on t h e s u b j e c t a n d c a n n o t a g r e e on w h a t i ts e f f ec t s will be a n d w h e t h e r t hey will benef i t t h e i r va r ious c o u n t r i e s .

P rofessor J o s e p h J o h n s t o n of T r i n i t y College, Dubl in , in a recent p a m p h l e t ( " T h e S ickness of t h e I r i sh E c o n o m y " , P a r k s i d e Press , 1 - ) . c a m e down f a i r a n d s q u a r e on t h e s ide of t ree t r a d e on t h e g r o u n d s t h a t i t would benef i t I r i s h eco-n o m y by giving t h e f a r m e r s f r e e acces s to E u r o p e a n m a r k e t s . O u r t a r i f f - fo s t e r ed indus t r i e s would go by t h e wall u n d e r p ressu re of c o m p e t i t i o n f r o m t h e m o n o -polies of t h e i n d u s t r i a l i s e d coun t r i es , bu t h e th inks , "in t h e new a n d i n v i g o r a t i n g c l ima te all w o r t h w h i l e indus t ry , a s well a s ag r i cu l tu re , would e x p a n d a n d develop t h e expor t p o t e n t i a l wh ich is now la rge ly a p iped ream."

Unfortunately he does not develop this point, which s eems to take some proving.

T h e Br i t i sh p o i n t of view is e x p o u n d e d in "Agr icu l tu re a n d t h e Free T r a d e A r e a " (U.K. Council of t h e E u r o p e a n M o v e m e n t . 2 ->. In a h i g h l y technica l p a m p h l e t t h e a u t h o r s , Mess r s . Lloyd a n d S m i t h , t a k e t he a t t i t u d e t h a t Br i t a in c a n n o t a f ford to d rop h e r policy of subs id i e s to t h e f a r m e r s , b e c a u s e of the t r e m e n d o u s sav ing in f o r e i g n e x c h a n g e ach ieved by h o m e p roduc t ion , n o r he r E m p i r e p r e f e r -ence t a r i f f s — t h e E m p i r e is h a r d e n o u g h held t oge the r as it is. Bu t of cou r se she would welcome f r e e r t rade , i.e., m o r e t r a d e with t h e o t h e r c o u n t r i e s of Europe. T h i s is easy sa id bu t m e a n s little in f a c t .

T h e a d v a n t a g e B r i t a i n sees in f r e e t r a d e is t h a t ol m o r e m a r k e t s for her i n d u s t r i a l p r o d u c t s — t h o u g h in f ac t some B r i t i s h in-dus t r i e s m i g h t well su f fe r in c o m p e t i t i o n with G e r m a n y , F r a n c e a n d I ta ly , w h e r e wages a r e lower. B u t s h e is not p r e p a r e d to see a g r i c u l t u r e inc luded. And a s every o t h e r g o v e r n m e n t is likely to have a s imi-lar a t t i t u d e of give no th ing , t ake all, t h e p rospec t s for F r e e T r a d e a m o n g t h e capi -tal is t coun t r i e s s e e m s a cas t le in t h e air .

P . O S .

pea r anee ol Ix-lonmng only to a smal l sec-t ion : which can h a v e a c i r cu l a t i on m Ire-land where it is publ i shed , a n d which m : iy possibly never be forced i n t o seeking finance and c i rcu la t ion a b r o a d as a con-di t ion ol con t inued ex is tence .

T h e r e is room m I r e l a n d for a Social is t paper . T h i s can be it.

* * *

/ \ N C E aga in i ts s t r e n g t h is i ts b roadness . " ' For example it h a s e n g a g e d the ser-vices of J a c k M u r p h y T .D . Inc iden ta l ly t he r e a r e people now t r y i n g t o r u n Murph.v down because he h a s p roved no Moses lead ing people in to t h e p r o m i s e d land . In t h e n a t u r e of t h e case o n e T .D. c a n n o t solve u n e m p l o y m e n t — M u r p h y h a s shown h e is m a d e ol s o m e t h i n g by c o n t r i b u t i n g to t he P lough .

F r o m t h e Labour s ide t h i s m o n t h ' s con-t r i bu to r is Mr. D e s m o n d B r a n n i g a n , t h e leader of t he s e a m e n ' s u n i o n . T h e r e a re l e t t e r s f r o m Mr. A n d r e w B o y d a n d Mr. Fenner-BrocKway (c ry ing "back- to- the-c o m m o n w e a l t h " ; a g r e a t p i t y ) a n d f r o m t h a t g r ea t old s t a l w a r t of t h e Amer ican-I r i sh m o v e m e n t Dan ie l Molony.

Dr. R. H. W. J o h n s t o n e c o n t r i b u t e s a use fu l a r t ic le on Soc ia l i sm a n d pa r t i t i on wi th severa l new ideas in i t ; a n d Br igad ie r G e n e r a l D o r m a n O ' G o w a n h a s also wr i t t en . A scient is t , Mr . M c C l e a n has w r i t t e n on Spu tn ik , t h o u g h h i s sc ient i f ic con t r i bu t ion is m a r r e d by m u d d l e d politi-cal t h i n k i n g . . bu t ho ld ! . . we m u s t all t he more c o n g r a t u l a t e t h e ed i to r ia l com-m i t t e e on holding t h e t e a m t o g e t h e r .

Did you ever d r ive a f o u r - i n - h a n d ? If you did, you'll know w h a t h o l d i n g s u c h a t e a m toge the r is!

* * *

V E W S P A P E R S a n d m o v e m e n t s hold to-ge the r t h r o u g h m a k i n g t h e mos t of

the i r s t r o n g po in t s w h i l e con t i nua l l y keep ing the i r eyes on t h e i r weak ones.

T h e s t r e n g t h of t h e " P l o u g h " is i ts b r e a d t h . I t s w e a k n e s s is i t s no t yet pos-sess ing a un i fy ing policy.

How is it possible to h a v e a u n i t y wi th-ou t a u n i f y i n g policy? T h i s is possible for a t ime, provided t h e r e is a u n i f y i n g aim. T h e edi tor ia l s t a t e s t h a t t h e " P l o u g h " d e m a n d s t h a t Socia l i sm s h a l l be discussed f ree ly in I r e l a n d once m o r e . T h e Edi tor m u s t be a clever a n d p e n e t r a t i n g person to h a v e g rasped t h a t t h e first s t e p is t h e s t r u g g l e fo r d e m o c r a t i c r i g h t s .

T h e word social ism i n d i c a t e s t h e end, or a im. T h e economic e m a n c i p a t i o n of t h e work ing people is w h a t t h e people who run t h e 'P lough ' wan t . I m p l i c i t in t h i s is t h e need lor a policy fo r a ch i ev ing it. T h e m e a n s is "b r ing ing t h e w o r k i n g class to power ." And nobody n e e d d o u b t t h a t t h e d e m a n d for democra t i c r i g h t s , f r e e d o m to ta lk a b o u t work ing c lass poli t ics, a n d work ing class power is essent ia l f o r this.

T h e ed i to r s h a v e a c c e p t e d u n i t y of aim, plus t h e d e m a n d for f r e e d o m , both fo r dis-cussion of var ious pol ic ies w i t h i n t he paper , a n d for d i scuss ion of social ism as a n a i m in I re land to-day.

As a s t a r t i n g po in t t h e w h o l e t h i n g is so f u n d a m e n t a l l y s o u n d t h a t it deserves success. W e hope our f r i e n d s will cl ing to t h e i r p a p e r like a dog t o a bone, a n d use every resource of t h e i r b r a i n s a n d ene rg i e s to keep it go ing . I t s success d e p e n d s on victory in t h e s t rugg l e for d e m o c r a t i c r ights .

* * *

HE R E a r e people w h o a r e un i t ed in a n a i m f ree ing t h e w o r k i n g class. A

perusa l of t h e pape r s h o w s how much they dif fer on policy. B u t t h e y all ag ree t h a t an essen t ia l p l ank in t h e i r p r o g r a m m e is democracy , t h e f r e e d o m of work ing class

o r g a n i s a t i o n s to speak, to work , to p r i n t , w i t h o u t be ing hounded . M c C a r t h y l s e d a n d v i c i m i x d Is :1ns e n o u g h ?

In our h u m b l e opin ion it is enough for a s t a r t .

A m o v e m e n t which m a d e a s i t s s t a r t i n g point m I r e l a n d the s t r u g g l e lor democ-racy. I in- f r e e d o m to live a t h o m e , work a t home, s p e a k a t home, p r i n t a t home, would light a c a n d l e t h a t would b u m fo r m a n y a year , p e r h a p s more t h a n a c a n d l e .

A p e r u s a l of t h e files of t h e " P e a s a n t , " t h e " N a t i o n " (W. P. R y a n ' s " N a t i o n . " of course!) a n d even w i t h a l l i t s f a i l i ngs Gr i f f i th ' s "Uni t ed I r i s h m a n " in t h e Na t iona l L ibra ry , will s h o w h o w g r e a t a p a r t t h e s t r u g g l e for d e m o c r a c y p layed in I r e l a n d ' s p rogress ive m o v e m e n t in t h e pas t .

W i t h o u t t h e s t ruggle f o r Democracy , in pract ice , n o t merely in a c o n s t i t u t i o n , t h e s t rugg l e f o r social ism a s a n e n d is u t t e r l y imposs ib le a n d m e a n i n g l e s s . T h e r e a r e enough peop le s u f f e r i n g f r o m lack of Democracy in I re land t o - d a y t o c o n s t i t u t e if they w e r e combined a m o s t s izeable m o v e m e n t of t h e people.

So t h e "P lough" h a s a. s t r o n g a n d p romis ing s t a r t i n g po in t .

* * * A real ly de t e rmined s t r u g g l e on t h e

oroad f r o n t of Democracy c o u l d t r a n s f o r m t h e s i t u a t i o n in I r e l a n d . A n d t h e issue of D e m o c r a c y bears d i r e c t l y upon t h e Na t iona l Ques t ion .

Now to t h e weak po in t . B e c a u s e t h e a im in c o m m o n is so a d -

vanced, a n d the c o m m o n d e n o m i n a t o r of policy s e ems so mode ra t e , so u n r e v o l u t i o n -ary, t h e e f fo r t s of i ts e n e m i e s could con-ceivably be seconded by i t s o v e r - e n t h u s i a s -tic f r i e n d s .

T h e r e will be effor ts t o f o r c e it to t h e " lef t ," t o c a u s e it to e m b r a c e p r e m a t u r e l y policies on ly a sect ion of i t s s u p p o r t e r s a p p r e c i a t e flow necessar i ly f r o m its a im. T h i s s h o u l d be w a t c h e d w i t h t h e eyes of a hawk . T h e effort to d e t a c h t h i s m a n or t h a t m a n f r o m his s u p p o r t will go o n al l t h e t ime, a n d the l eaders of t h e m o v e m e n t may h a v e t o swallow m a n y a n insu l t in order to m a i n t a i n un i ty .

* * * r r H E " I r i s h D e m o c r a t " n o w h a s ex-J - p e r i e n c e of over t w e n t y years con-

t i n u o u s publ ica t ion b e h i n d it . T h r o u g h o u t all t h i s t i m e it has been u n d e r a t t a c k f r o m T W O sides , not one.

T h e m o s t c l amorous a n d noisy oppo-s i t ion h a s of course c o m e f r o m t h e " r i g h t . " I n B r i t a i n , I re land, A m e r i c a a n d Aus t ra l i a , it h a s been denounced a s a c o m m u n i s t i c rag , closely connected w i t h Beelzebub a n d t r y i n g t o destroy t h e v e r y fibre of I r i s h l i fe by in t roduc ing p a g a n soc ia l i sm on t o our holy soil, etc., etc.

B u t equally c o n t i n u o u s h a s been a " l e f t i s t " opposit ion. T h i s oppos i t ion does n o t say " T h a t ' s a c o m m u n i s t pape r . " I t a p p e a l s to those who h a v e moved to t h e l e f t a l r eady and t e n d s t o d e t a c h t h e m f r o m t h e democra t i c s t r u g g l e by s a y i n g " T h a t p a p e r is no t o n e ha l f c o m m u n i s t e n o u g h ! " T h e resul t i s t h e s a m e .

S u c h people c a n n o t u n d e r s t a n d t h a t a mass struggle for d e m o c r a c y is a h u n d r e d t i m e s m o r e " r e v o l u t i o n a r y " t h a n all p u r e Socia l i s t ic " ta lk" of r e v o l u t i o n , h o w e v e r well i n t en t ioned .

T h e s t rugg le for e m a n c i p a t i o n h a s t o be f o u g h t under t h e c o n d i t i o n s w h i c h exist , a n d no t u n d e r s o m e idea l c o n -d i t i ons which we i n v e n t in o u r own m i n d s .

B r i n g all t he science. B r i n g all t h e dis-cuss ion . Br ing all t h e e x p e r i e n c e . B u t b r i ng i t fo r t h e p u r p o s e of u n i t y in t h e actual s t ruggle .

W e believe t h e " P l o u g h " h a s a c h a n c e of d o i n g t h a t . C.D.G.

(Continued from preceding Col.) republicanism is very different, for example, from that of James Connolly.

They reject the fact of class struggle which not only affects but is a part of the struggle for political independence. Sinn Fein policy would not make the Irish people aware of the fact that the "war" of the English workers against their Tory employers in England is part and parcel of tho struggle of the Irish people for inde-pendence. Th i s lack of awareness weakens both tho Irish patriots and the English workers in thoir f ight against Imperialism.

This basic woakness is not the responsi-bility only of S inn Fein. It is true that they do not adopt the working-class ap-proach, but m a n y of our Irish social i s ts have forgotten their republicanism.

J.D.

T i l I t E E L O V E L Y L A S S E N

I N B A N N I O N

THERE are three lovely lasses in Banmon,

Bannion, Bannion, Bannion,

There are three lovely lasses in Bannion,

And I am the best of them all. And I am the best of them all.

For my father has forty White shillings,

shillings, shillings, shillings,

For my father has forty white shillings,

And the grath ot a goat and a cow. And the grath of a goat and a cow. And my mother she says I can

marry, marry, marry, marry,

My mother sho says I can marry, And she'll leave me her bed when

she dies. And she'll leave me her bed when

she dies.

V } > • > t ^ s , ' _ > > > > . J ? % ' .

So I'll send my old shoes to be mended,

mended, mended, mended,

I'll send my old s h o e s to be mertNed, And my petticoat to be dyed green, And my petticoat to be dyed green. And on next S u n d a y morning I'll

meet him, meet him, meet him, meet him,

On next Sunday m o r n i n g I'll meet him,

And I shall be dressed like a queen, And I shall be dressed like a queen.

T h e r e are three lovely lasses in Bannion,

Bannion, Bannion, Bannion,

Thoro are three lovely lasses in Bannion,

To draw me on my wedding day, To draw me on my wedding day.

—Tradi t ional

L^V.^V.^I (. <->1

s 5 §

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8 T H E IRISH D E M O C R A T December 1957

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(ONE MINUTE. I IOLBORN TUBE) i1? V. --.-v-v"-.''1--' ----- V^^-Vvt-vV,- -^ w -.p v..- v...- wv-s- .v . -o -.T-v.- o -o, ^: ' V... *-.-»"-•,'-• 1.- V Tp .^, ^ --.V'a -5.' ^' -" vv ft

Socialism and Nationalism D e a r E d i t o r . In i A T w a s a d e v a s t a t i n g r e p l y of j . B .

to M r . R a i t e r y . It s e e m s t o Uni.sh t h e c o n t r o v e r s y o n c e a n d f o r a l t . A l t h o u g h 1 a g r e e w i t h J . B ( w h o c o u l d li.Vt ? > yet I h o p e it will n o t s t o p o t h e r s s p e a k i n g . T h e b a t t l e of t h e g i a n t s m a y b e o v e r . B u t e v e n if w e a g r e e t h a t J . B . h a s t h e a n s w e r t o t h e s t r a t e g y , t h e r e ' s p l e n t y of t a c t i c s t o b J t a l k e d o v e r ! I t is o n e t h i n g t o s e e t h i n g s a s c l e a r l y a s J . B . B u t il L a n o t h . r to a p p l y t h e p r i n c i p l e s in t h e s t r e s s a n d c o m p l e x i t y oi B e l f a s t . D u b l i n or L o n d o n po l i t i c s . I h a v e 110 i d e a s m y s e l f , u n -f o r t u n a t e l y . B u t I w o u l d l i k e to k n o w w h a t r e a d e r s t h i n k a b o u t h o w . a s well a s w h a t . F. X. M a c C A R T H Y ,

London , W. * * *

" V r 0 U R correspondence on soc ia l i sm and p a r t i t i o n has been s t i m u l a t i n g . One

of the t raged ies of m o d e r n I r i s h po l i t i cs has been the separa t ion of the na t iona l and social quest ions. Up to 1916 revolu-t i ona ry leaders recognised the two as one. The i n t e g r a t i o n was sha rp l y def ined in the persons of Pearse a n d Connol ly . Pearse drew near to soc ia l i sm; in Connol ly soc ia l ism a n d na t i ona l i sm f o r m e d a uni -fied ph i l osophy . The sp l i t came w i t h p a r t i t i o n a n d c iv i l war . M ichae l Col l ins p roc la imed his a i m of e l i n i i n a t n g Bolshev-ism w h e n he had dealt w i t h the Republ i -cans.

Since then , exceot fo r the s t ruggle against B luesh i r t fascism, the Repub l ican movement has been d r a w n towards a purely na t i ona l i s t ethic, wh i l e the Labour

CHRISTMAS TRAVELLING

AND YOU I N a : . w e r t o a l e t t e r f r o m ( ; . Cl'urran. ' .seen t a r y <.f N o r t h L o n d o n b r a n c h of

t h e C o n n o l l y A s s o c i a t i o n , o n Cins . tma.-t r ave l , t h e I r i s h T r a f f i c S u p e r i n t e n d e n t of t h e i ; , ;t.isli R a i l w a y :..•• e e x p l a n a t i o n a b o u t l a s t y e a r ' s t r a v e l d i H i e u k i c s a n d Some g o o d a d v i c e .

W i t h 1. g a r d to t i ie d . n i n ; c a r . h e eav; : " I t is not possible to a t t a c h a res-

t a u r a n t car on tho 8.45 I r i s h Ma i l as these vehic les are not p rov i ded on t ra ins w h i c h depar t f r o m t e r m i n a l s ta t ions a f t e r the no rma l d i n n e r hours . Special prov is ions, however, has been made for passengers t r a v e l l i n g f r o m London to I r e l a n d via Ho lyhead a n d a service of l i g h t re f reshments is ava i lab le on the 8.45 p.m. I r ish Ma i l t r a i n f r o m Euston, also on the 1.10 a.m. r e t u r n service f r o m Ho l yhead in connect ion w i t h the 8.40 p.m. sa i l i ng f r o m D u n l a o g h a i r e .

" D u r i n g the f o r t h c o m i n g Ch r i s tmas ho l i day per iod, however, i t w i l l be neces-sary to r u n rel ief t r a i n s to the regu lar r e f r e s h m e n t services, bu t i t is regre t ted t h a t our l im i ted resources i n re f resh-men t vehic les and staff to m a n t h e m w i l l no t p e r m i t of our p r o v i d i n g l igh t re-f r e s h m e n t s on the rel ief t r a i ns .

' I t h i n k it wou ld be wise to w a r n your members and other t rave l le rs of th is so t h a t t hey can make the i r own arrange-men ts fo r food on the j o u r n e y .

" Y o u w i l l , I presume, be aware tha t passengers w t h reserved cab in accom-m o d a t i o n on the 3.25 a .m. m a i l vesse ls f r o m Ho l yhead may embark the previous e v e n i n g and for w h o m there is a restaur-an t car service f r o m Euston at 5..15 p.m. (5.5 p .m. on Sa tu rdays ) due H o l y h e a d 10,50 p .m.

" W i t h rega rd to delays w h i c h occurred at C h r i s t m a s 1956, your members wi l l no doub t reca l l t ha t at t h a t per iod wide-spread fog, w h i c h enveloped prac t i ca l l y the w h o l e of the c o u n t r y , persisted for some days. T h i s caused d i s r u p t i o n ol land a n d sea services a n d caused air serv ices to be g rounded a n d flights can-celled.

" T h e schedule we have la id down for both t r a i n s and vessels fo r the c o m i n g C h r i s t m a s shou ld be adequa te for a l l prospective passengers, bu t it w i l l mater ia l ly assist in every d i rec t i on if y o u remind travellers that sail ing t ickets are required for journeys to I r e l and d u r i n g t h e period 19th to 24 th December inclusive."

K e n : A - t . Sue/. C; pries t h e 11 so on.

But believe me. ! i ie class is due lor a inch' in tho not-ieo-distant lu ture the\ themselves 1 ; m i - eru. hi d out ol ( in a n economic ens. T h e n they through tin • tissue of lies, intr i ."<irrilp' 1011 and yeak -<• t hat the on!

B r i t i s h w o r k i n g a v , a k e n m e . v. 1 a i .

. 1 1 t m is' eir e ..I '.e.

iie and men!;

ol s a l v a t i o n j.; t h e p a t h t h a t h a s l ) t v n a c o p i e d I,., l i n e - t h i r d of t h e ea i th ' .- . a r i a : e a s b e i n g t h o on ly s o l ; , t . o n . t h a t 1 . p u ; e a n d s i m p l e . S O C I A L I S M

J O H N M c L O U G H L I N . L o n d o n , S.E.5.

* Dear Editor. I r e c e i v e d a c u t t i n g I r o m t o e ••('• : 1:

E x a m i n e r " v. I n c h v. a., s e n t t o mi a ie i s i i io i i s .v It c o n t a i n e d a l e t t e r i i o n i .1 ,\o R y a n v. I10 w a s t ry in . ; t o c o n v i m e ;;, . .

p a p e r t h a t t i e C'•.: 1:: Is n d S i n n F e i n v is e a ! 1 1 . n d t h a t I lie A n t s p s : t ,t a s

I h e In t csa - s t l e a i m la , I 1 l ip '.iM'.S! e m l . p r o t e s a l .1 bet v. ci 'li t h e ( a I . v h.

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a i l d not h o n o u r

P r i n t e d by R i p l e y P r i n t e r s L t d . . N o t t i n g h a m R o a d . R i p l e y . Derbys . . a n d pub l i shed by t h e E d i t o r a t 192 H i g h S t r e e t , Coll iers W o o d . L o n d o n . S .W. I9 .

b r a v e m e n v h o wen t t o jai l t o 1 .'•! h i m o r g a n i s e 1 a h y p o c n

m o v e m e n t has more and more become the c h a m p i o n of sporadic r e f o r m s w i t h i n the e x i s t i n g f ramework , N o r t h a n d South . The weaknesses wh i ch have s t e m m e d f r o m th is s e p a r a t i o n have served to s t r e n g t h e n both B r i t i s h imper ia l i sm and na t i ve cap i ta l i sm. O n l y a new in teg ra t i on of Repub l i can and L a b o u r forces t h r o u g h o u t I r e l and can de-feat the tw in enemies.

T h e social ist who becomes swamped by n a r r o w sect ional in terests , wh i l e los ing s i g h t of the na t iona l ob jec t ive , is as much a p a w n in the hands ot the imper ia l i s t a n d cap i ta l i s t as the Repub l i can , c i ther in I r e l a n d or England, who t u r n s his back on the massed ranks of o rgan ised Labour.

T I M O T H Y E N R I G H T . H a l i f a x .

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' e s t i n g p o i n t in t h e N o v e m b e r i s s u e ol j t h e " I r i s h D e m o c r a t " r e g a r d i n g t h e in-t e r e s t o r d i s i n t e r e s t ol t h e Br i t : , h w o r k e r j in I r i s h ail a i r s , but 1 d i s a g r e e w i t h h i s ! s e c t a r i a n o u t l o o k t h a i w e s h o u l d i s o l a t e I o u r s -lv. s f r o m t h e B r i t i s h . I loci il 1- oi ;r : d u t y to e d u c a t e r a t h e r t h a n c o n d e m n .

T h e r e m a y be t i m e s w h e n w e feel di.-ap-p o i n t e d a n d f r u t r a t " d in o u r e l l o r t s . but I s t i l l d o n ' t f l u n k it is f a i r to c o n d e m n t h e B r i t i s h w o r k e r s ' a p a t h y t o w a r d s t h e • I r i s h qui - l ion, w h e n l ie is n o t e v e n r . . n -c r n . d wi t l i t h e p r o b l e m s w h i c h f a c e ins , o w n c o u n t r y . O t h e r w i s e h e w o u l d n o t j a l l o w h i m s e l f to b e g o v e r n e d by t h e T o : y [ c l i q u e w h o a r e l e a d i n g h i m to d i s a s t e r t o - d a y .

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litical ' .y e d u c a t e d . T h i s in t h e to t h e f a c t t h a t t h e . a r e . s o - ;

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w h e r e t h a t t h e C o r k C o - o p e r a t i v e M o v e -m e n t is to be l i q u i d a t e d t h i s m o n t h 111 t h e C o r k C o u r t s . A few y e a r s a g o a n u m -ber of C o r k b o s s e - b o a s t e d t h a t t h e y w o u l d p u t t h e C o r k C o - o p e r a t i v e M o v e -m e n t ou t ol e x i s t e n c e a n d s a d t o r e l a t e t h e y w e r e a b l e to d o so w i t h t h e h e l p (wi l -l ing o r o t h e r w i s e ' of c e r t a i n m e m b e r s of t h e C o - o p . i t s e l t .

As a m a t t e r 0! t a c t , if t h e s t o r y of t h e d o w n h i l l of t h e C o r k Co-op, e v e r b r e a k s it will m a k e ve ry i n t e r e s t i n g r e a d i n g . B u t a p a r t I r o m t h a t , it is s a d t h a t t h e C o -o p e r a t i v e m o v e m e n t w h i c h is s u c h a f o r c e 111 E n g l a n d is n o w t e m p o r a r i l y in a b e y -a n c e h e r e .

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November issue. I t is t rue po l i t i cs has m a n y co lours but however m u c h c ream you add to b lack, you w i l l never make a wh i te . M i x i n g and t ime can t u r n w h i t e in to b lack but never w i l l b lack become w h i t e w i t h o u t a chemica l change. T h a t is w h y repub l i cans jealously gua rd t he i r po l i t i ca l co lour and it is the c rux of the who le d ispu te w i t h the Connol ly Associa-t ion.

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