Our Biggest Fear…

The 8 Steps and 4 I’s: Planning a Learning Event

Scott GroganFaculty Development Fellow

Madigan Army Medical Center

Objectives

• Defined the 8 steps of planning• Identified the 4 I’s of active learning• Applied steps to a future activity

Confucius

“What I hear, I forget.

What I see, I remember.

What I do, I understand.”

• How much do learners retain?• 5-50% retention in typical lectures

Learner Retention

Retention PyramidAverage 24 hr Retention Rate

Source: Adapted from E. Dale, Audiovisual Methods in Teaching, 1969, NY: Dryden Press.

Active Learning

An Approach to Active Learning

• The 8 steps of planning

• The 4 I’s

• Influenced by works of Jane Vella–Learning to Listen, Learning to Teach–Taking Learning to Task

1. Who?

2. Why?

3. When?

4. Where?

The First Four Steps of Planning

Step 1: Who?

• Number of attendees• Profile of participants

–Who are your learners?–What do they know?–How do they learn best?

Seminar Profile

PhysicianPsychologistNurse PractitionerRegistered NursePharmacist

Seminar Profile

ClownKnightElfWizardAlchemistJester

Step 1: Who?

Perform learning needs assessment– Information gathering process–Learner-focused–Learners participate in the planning–Assists in forming your 8 steps

Example of LNA

“In your experience, what has been the most difficult aspect of planning an effective educational presentation?”

33%

13%

47%

7% Time

Volume of material

Uneasiness with topic/technique

Gaining participation

Step 2: Why?

• Why is this lecture important?

• Why are you here?

• Identify need vs. requirement

Step 3: When?

• Time of day

• Length of session

–How much can be taught

–Respect for learner’s time

• How much time to prepare

Step 4: Where?

Consider…• Site: classroom, lecture hall, etc…• Convenience & accessibility• Small-group facilitation• AV support as needed• Lighting and sound

Activity #1

• In groups of 2-3, complete and discuss first FOUR steps on handout for an upcoming learning event

• We will hear samples

5 Minutes

Step 5: What?

Where’s the beef?

Where’s the Pepto?

Step 5: What?

• Content of the course• Informed by the LNA• Addresses needs

–Skills (psychomotor)–Knowledge (cognitive)–Attitudes (affective)

• Relates to the objectives

Activity #2: Matching

• In groups, complete the matching exercise for Step 5: What?

• We will hear answers

3 Minutes

Step 6: What for?

• What learners will do with content

• Learning objectives of the course–Specific and measurable–Expressed by verbs– “By the end of this session, learners will

have demonstrated common exams.”

Objectives: Examples

• Reviewed common symptoms of HF

• Described physical findings of HF

• Contrasted HF diagnostic tools

• Applied HF therapy options to cases

Activity #3: Writing Objectives

• Individually, write at least one objective for an upcoming presentation

• We will hear a sample

3 Minutes

Step 7: How?

Step 7: How?

• Learning tasks not an afterthought

• Takes planning & materials

• Teacher is facilitator

The Sequence of 4 I’s

• Induction task

• Input task

• Implementation task

• Integration task

Induction

Connect with what they know

“What feelings does this scene evoke from you as educators? As learners?”

Input TasksLearn something new

Implementation Tasks

Practice what they learn

Ideas?

Integration Task

Take it home and use it

The 8th Step

The 8th Step: So What?

LearningTransfer

Impact

Learning, Transfer, Impact

Teachers know how to use planning steps

Teachers use planning steps for future active learning

Improved knowledge retention by learners

What are ways we can measure this?

So What? How? What for? What? Where?

When? Why?Who?

The Final Blueprint

Input tasks

Implementation tasks

Integration tasks

Induction tasks

Learning

Transfer

Impact

Take Home Points

• Learning needs assessment• Directed, specific material • Use the 8 Steps for planning talks• Your learners deserve it!

Integration Task

• Use 8 Steps of Planning to develop your next presentation

• Email me your 8 Steps and 4 I’s at scott.grogan@us.army.mil

Ultimate Goal

Questions / Comments?