316 / 316L Stainless SteelGrade 316 / 316L | UNS S31600 / UNS S31603 | 1.4401 / 1.4404These steels are the second most regularly specified stainless steels after Type 304 and are part of the SAE defined 300 Series which encompasses a range of austenitic chromium-nickel alloys. Austenitic stainless steels like Type 316 are widely available, have good general corrosion resistance, good cryogenic toughness, and excellent formability and weldability.Type 316 has 2-3% Molybdenum included in its chemical composition which prevents specific forms of corrosion and generally enhances its corrosion resistance. Type 316 is often referred to as marine grade stainless due to its increased resistance to chloride corrosion compared to Type 304 making it a very suitable material for use in salt water environments.Type 316L is a variant of Type 316 and differs by having a lower Carbon content as well as slightly lower yield and tensile strengths. Type 316L offers improved weldability and also reduces the possibility of lower corrosion resistance around welded areas. As with most steel plate products a number of different designations are used for these steels. The most common are: Type 316 1.4401 (EN Steel Number) S31600 (UNS) Type 316L 1.4404 (EN Steel Number) S31603 (UNS)

316 / 316L Stainless Steel Properties:Typical chemical and mechanical properties of Type 316 and Type 316L steel:Chemical Analysis (%)PRENMechanical Properties

CCrNiMoProof StressTensileElongation

316.081711.5-24255550-70040

316L.031711.5-24220520-67040

304 / 304L Stainless SteelSteel Grade 304 / 304L | UNS S30400 / UNS S30403 | 1.4301 / 1.4307These types of steel are some of the most regularly specified and have come to represent the embodiment of the basic stainless product. They are part of the 300 Series of steels (as defined in SAE specifications) which covers a range of austenitic chromium-nickel alloys. They are also known as 18/8 stainless due to their chemical composition which includes approximately 18% chromium and 8% nickel by weight. The steels are easy to form, weld, and fabricate and their resistance to corrosion from, amongst other things, acids naturally contained in food has resulted in them being used widely in the food and drink processing industries.Type 304 and Type 304L have very similar chemical and mechanical properties and are often included on a single material test certificate when the actual properties of a stainless steel plate meet the criteria of both types. This is a very common occurrence. Type 304L is a variation of Type 304 and has a lower carbon content which improves weldability and lowers the risk of reduced corrosion resistance around the weld. Type 304L also has a slightly lower yield and tensile strength than Type 304.As with most steel plate products a number of different designations are used for these steels. The most common are: Type 304 1.4301 (EN Steel Number) S30400 (UNS) Type 304L 1.4307 (EN Steel Number) S30403 (UNS)

304 / 304L Stainless Steel Properties:Typical chemical and mechanical properties of Type 304 and Type 304L stainless steel:Chemical Analysis (%)PRENMechanical Properties

CCrNiMoProof StressTensileElongation

304.0818.59-19235530-73040

304L.0318.59-19200500-70040

Oteluri inoxidabile austenitice SR EN 10088-1SimbolizarealfanumericaSR EN 10088-1Simbolizare numericaSTAS 3583AISI;SAE

X2CrNi19-111.43062NiCr185304L

X5CrNi18-101.43015NiCr180304

X6CrNiTi18-101.454110TiNiCr180321

X6CrNiMoTi17-12-21.457110TiMoNiCr175316Ti

X5CrNiMo17-12-21.4401-316

X2CrNiMo17-12-21.4404-316L

X2CrNiMo18-14-31. 4435-316L

Oteluri inoxidabile feriticeSR EN 10088-1Simbolizare alfanumericaSR EN 10088-1Simbolizare numericaSTAS 3583AISI;SAE

X2CrTi121.4000(10Cr130)403

X6CrAl131.40027AlCr130405

X6Cr171.40168Cr170430

X3CrTi171.45108TiCr170

Oteluri inoxidabile martensiticeSR EN 10088-1Simbolizare alfanumericaSR EN 10088-1Simbolizare numericaSTAS 3583AISI;SAE

X12Cr131.400610Cr130410

X20Cr131.402120Cr120420

X30Cr131.402830Cr130420F

X39Cr131.4031(40Cr130)-

X46Cr131.403440Cr130-

Tipuri de otel inoxidabilExista trei categorii principale de otel inoxidabil - feritic, martensitic si austenic. Otelurile feritice sunt magnetice si au un continut scazut de carbon si contin cromul ca element principal, in general in proportie de 13% si 17%. Otelurile martensitice sunt magnetice avand un continut tipic de 12% crom si un continut mediu de carbon. Otelurile austenice sunt non-magnetice si pe langa crom, in concentratii tipice de 18%, contin nichel care creste rezistenta la coroziune. Acestea sunt cele mai utilizate tipuri de oteluri inoxidabile. Denumirile otelurilor W.Nr.ENASTMAFNORTypeCRHRQP

1.4301X5CrNi18-10 304 Z7CN18-09 Austenitic X X X

1.4948X6CrNi18-10 304 H Austenitic X X X

1.4306X2CrNi19-11 304 L Z3CN18-10 Austenitic X X X

1.4307X2CrNi18-9 Austenitic X X X

1.4310X10CrNi18-8 301 Z11CN17-08 Austenitic X

1.4541X6CrNiTi18-10 321 Z6CNT18-10 Austenitic X X X

1.4878X8CrNiTi18-10 321 H Austenitic X X X

1.4550X6CrNiNb18-10 347 Austenitic X X X

1.4401X5CrNiMo17-12-2 316 Z7CND17-11-02 Austenitic X X X

1.4919X5CrNiMo17-13 316 H Austenitic X X X

1.4404X2CrNiMo17-12-2 316 L Z3CND17-11-02 Austenitic X X X

1.4432X2CrNiMo17-12-3 Austenitic X X X

1.4435X2CrNiMo18-14-3 Austenitic X X X

1.4436X3CrNiMo17-13-3 Austenitic X X X

1.4571X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 316 Ti Z6CNDT17-12 Austenitic X X X

1.4580X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2 316 Cb Austenitic X

1.4828X15CrNiSi20-12 309 Z17CNS20-12 Austenitic X X X

1.4845X12CrNi25-21 310 S Austenitic X X

1.4841X15CrNiSi25-20 Z15CNS25-20 Austenitic X

1.4311X2CrNiN18-10 Austenitic X X X

1.4406X2CrNiMoN17-11-2 Austenitic X X X

1.4016X6Cr17 430 Ferritic X X

1.4510X3CrTi17 430Ti Ferritic X X

1.4006X12Cr13 410 Martensitic X X

1.4021X20Cr13 420 Martensitic X X

1.4028X30Cr13 420 Martensitic X X

Compozitie chimicaSteel designation Percentage by mass

NameNumberCCrNiMoOther

X5CrNi18-10 1.4301 0,05 18 10

X2CrNi19-11 1.4306 0,02 19 11

X10CrNi18-8 1.4310 0,10 18 8

X2CrNiN18-10 1.4311 0,02 18 10 N alloyed

X5CrNiMo17-12-2 1.4401 0,05 17 12 2

X2CrNiMo17-12-2 1.4404 0,02 17 12 2

X2CrNiMoN17-11-2 1.4406 0,02 17 11 2 N alloyed

X2CrNiMo17-12-3 1.4432 0,02 17 12 3

X2CrNiMo18-14-3 1.4435 0,02 18 14 3

X3CrNiMo17-13-3 1.4436 0,03 17 13 3

X6CrNiTi18-10 1.4541 0,06 18 10 Ti alloyed

X6CrNiNb18-10 1.4550 0,06 18 10 Nb alloyed

X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 1.4571 0,06 17 12 2 Ti alloyed

X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2 1.4580 0,06 17 12 2 Nb alloyed

X15CrNiSi20-12 1.4828 0,15 20 12 Si alloyed

X15CrNiSi25-20 1.4841 0,15 25 20 Si alloyed

X12CrNi25-21 1.4845 0,12 25 21

X8CrNiTi18-10 1.4878 0,10 18 9

X5CrNiMo17-13 1.4919 0,10 17 12 2

X6Cr17 1.4016 0,06 17

X3CrTi17 1.4510 0,03 17 Ti alloyed

X12Cr13 1.4006 0,12 13

X20Cr13 1.4021 0,20 13

X30Cr13 1.4028 0,30 13