Orthopaedics TerminologyOrthopaedics Terminology

Prof. Salem Al-Zahrani

VarusVarus ,األنسي الى منحرف األنسي, أفحج الى منحرف أفحج

Bent inward, denoting a deformity in which the angulations of the part is toward midline of the body .

The term varus is adjective and should be used only in connection with name it describe like :

Talipes varus, Genu varum, coxa vara.

ValgusValgus ,الى منحرف الى, أروح منحرف أروح الوحشيالوحشيBent inward , twisted.

Denoting deformity in which angulations of the part is a way from midline of the body.

Like :

Talipes valgus, genu valgum, coxa valga.

F.D. : Fixed deformity, which cannot be corrected by manipulation.

FFD : Fixed flexion deformity.

Recarvatum : abnormal hyperextension , usually applied to the knee and elbow.

Scoliosis Scoliosis . الجنف . الجنفالجانب الى الصلب الجانب انحناء الى الصلب انحناء

An abnormal lateral

deviation in normally straight vertical line of the spine.

KyphosisKyphosis الحدبالحدب

Abnormally increased convexity of the curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side.

LordosisLordosis , البزخ البزخ , القعس القعس

Anterior convexity in the curvature of the lumbar and cervical spine as viewed from the side.

MalrotationMalrotation التدوير التدوير سوء سوء

Abnormal or pathological rotation as in the vertebral column.

failure of normal rotation of an organ as of the gut.

AnteversionAnteversion الى الى االنقالب االنقالب االماماالمامThe forward tipping or tilting of an organ.

displacement in which the organ is tipped forward but is not bent at an angle as occur in anteflexion.

Pes cavus & pes planusPes cavus & pes planus

Pes : the foot, the terminal organ of the leg or lower limb.

used also as general term to designate a foot like part.

Pes planusPes planus مسحاء مسحاء قدم قدم

Flat foot ,deformed foot in which the position of the bones relative to each other Has been altered with lowering of the longitudinal arch.

Pes cavusPes cavus خمصاء خمصاء قدم قدم

Exaggerated height of the longitudinal arch of the foot.

appear at birth or later because of contracture or disturbed balance of muscles.

EquinusEquinusحنفحنف

The foot is planter flexed causing the person to walk on toes without touching the heels.

Genu (Valgus Genu (Valgus –– Varus ) Varus )

Geno : combining from denoting relationship to reproduction or sex.

Genu : Knee

General term used to designate any anatomical structure bent like the knee.

Genu valgusGenu valgus روحاء روحاء ركبة ركبة

Deformity in which the knee are abnormally close together and the space between ankles is increased.

known as knock knee.

Genu varusGenu varus فحجاء فحجاء ركبة ركبة

Deformity in which the knees are abnormally separated and lower extremities are bowed inwardly .

the deformity may be in leg or thigh or both.

known as bowleg.

HaluxHalux بالقدم الكبير بالقدم االصبع الكبير االصبع

Big toe, great toe, first toe

Halux valgusHalux valgus اروح اروح اصبع اصبع

Angulations of the big toe away from the midline of the body or toward the other toes.

Halux varusHalux varus افحج افحج اصبع اصبع

Angulations of the big toe toward the midline of the body or away from other toes.

Cubitus :Cubitus : Elbow Elbow كوع كوع مرفق مرفق

Cubitus Valgus : deformity of the elbow (judges with palm facing forward) in which deviates away from the midline of the body when extended.

Cubitus varus : deformity of the elbow due to lateral angulation of the joint and accompanied by deviation of the forearm toward the midline of the body when the forearm is extended.

Coxa : Coxa : hiphip وركورك

Coxa magna: الورك تضخم broadening of the head

and the neck of the femur.

Coxa varaCoxa vara

Deformity of the hip in which the angle formed by the neck of the femur and the shaft is reduced.

Coxa valgaCoxa valga

Deformity of the hip in which the angle formed by axis of the head and neck of the femur and the shaft is increased.

CTEV : CTEV : club foot.club foot.الوالدية القفداء الفحجاء الوالدية القدم القفداء الفحجاء القدم

C : congenital T : Talipes. E : Equino V : Varus inversion of the foot,

adduction of the forefoot related to hind foot, plantar flexion.

CTCVCTCV: :

C : congenital T : Talipes C : Calcaneo V : valgus.

the foot in rest in a position of eversion and dorsiflexion.

Mal unionMal union

Applied to the fracture which has united soundly but in wrong position.

Non unionNon union

The fracture ends don’t unite but remain separated.

Delayed unionDelayed union

Fracture take longer time to unite than normal, but eventually does so.

Bone resorptionBone resorption ) العظم ) غؤور ( ارتشاف العظم ) غؤور ارتشاف

A type bone loss due to osteoclastic activity, release of bone salts into extracellular fluid.

Osteopenia Osteopenia العظم العظم قلة قلة

Reduced bone mass due to decrease in the rate of osteoid synthesis to level insufficient to compensate normal bone lysis.

OsteoprosisOsteoprosis ) ترقق ) ( هشاشة ترقق ) هشاشة العظامالعظام A condition

characterized by a decreased mass per unit volume (density) of normally mineralized bone matrix.

Lytic lesion Lytic lesion , حال3ة, مرض , افة حال3ة, مرض افةالنسج لتحلل تؤدي النسج افة لتحلل تؤدي افة

Lesion : ,مرض افةAny pathological or

traumatic discontinuity of tissue or loss of function of a part.

Lytic : a ward termination denoting lysis of the substance indicated by the stem to which it is affixed.

Sclerotic lesionSclerotic lesion تصلبية تصلبية افة افة

An induration or hardening especially hardening of a part from inflammation and in diseases of interstitial substance.

PlegiaPlegia شللشلل

Monoplegia Diplegia Triplegia Tetraplegia Hemiplagia

Paraplegia

واحد طرف شلل طرفين شلل اطراف ثالثة شلل اطراف اربعة شلل , واحدة جهة شقي شلل

. الجسم من السفلي الجزء شلل

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