Orogenic gold mineralisation in the Archean North Atlantic craton, southern West and South-West...
Transcript of Orogenic gold mineralisation in the Archean North Atlantic craton, southern West and South-West...
![Page 1: Orogenic gold mineralisation in the Archean North Atlantic craton, southern West and South-West Greenland Jochen Kolb 1, Denis M. Schlatter 1, Annika Dziggel.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022020217/551a302b550346cb358b4ffd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Orogenic gold mineralisation in the Archean North Atlantic craton, southern West and South-West
Greenland
Jochen Kolb1, Denis M. Schlatter1, Annika Dziggel2, Alexander F.M. Kisters3
¹Department of Petrology and Economic Geology, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350
Copenhagen K, Denmark2Institute of Mineralogy and Economic Geology, RWTH Aachen
University, Wüllnerstr. 2, 52064 Aachen, Germany3Department of Earth Sciences, Stellenbosch University,
Matieland 7602, South Africa
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Mineralizing system of orogenic gold deposits
Groves et al. 1993
Main devolatilization440 – 520°CPhilipps and Powell 2010
SOURCE ROCK
CONDUIT
Fluid/wallrock reactions
Au deposition
increasing intensitiy of alteration
Dispersion
Diffusion
hydrothermal alterationRidley et al. 1996
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Gold production vs. gold ages
Gol
dfar
b et
al.
2001
North Atlantic craton
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Schematic geologocal
map of Greenland
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Geological map of South-West Greenland
Paamiut gold province
Tartoq gold province
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Characteristics of gold mineralization
Paamiut gold province• 5 occurrences; 40 km
strike• Auriferous quartz veins in
higher-order structures• Au-only + As, W, Mo, Bi• Ore mineralogy: Po-Apy-
Ccp• Hydrothermal alteration
mineralogy– Proximal Hbl– Distal Qtz-Hbl/Oam-Bt-Tur-
Ank ± Grt, Ms, Cal– Sulfide-poor (< 5 vol.%)
Tartoq gold province• ≥ 3 occurrences; 40 km
strike• Auriferous quartz veins in
higher-order structures• Au-only + As, Ag, W, Sb, Bi• Ore mineralogy: Apy-Ccp-
Py• Hydrothermal alteration
mineralogy– Qtz-Ms-Chl-Ank– Sulfide-poor (< 5 vol.%);
except BIF
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The Paamiut gold province: structure
NWAkuliaq
SEMellembydgen
Akulleq glacier
Au AuAuAu Au
mesozonalgold metamorphosedgold
• Metamorphic dates– 2850 – 2830
Ma: Paamiut orogeny
– 2760 – 2740 Ma: Tasiusarsuaq orogeny
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The Tartoq gold province: structure
±Au
Au
Au
±Au
• Metamorphic dates– 2850 – 2830 Ma: Paamiut
orogeny– 2760 – 2740 Ma:
Tasiusarsuaq orogeny
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Geological map of southern
West Greenland
Bjørnesund occurrenceCa. 2840 Ma
Sermilik prospect
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Characteristics of gold mineralization
Sermilik gold prospect• ≥ 2 locations; 4 km strike• Ca. 2740 Ma• Auriferous quartz veins in
folds and shear zones• Gold-only + Ag, As• Ore mineralogy: Po-Ccp-Py-
Ilm-Mag• Hydrothermal alteration
mineralogy– Qtz-Grt-Bt-Kfs (660°C, 7.5-8
kbar)– Sulfide-poor (< 5 vol.%)
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Tectonic model for the Sermilik prospect: Tasiusarsuaq orogeny
Grædefjord
Ilivertalik2800 Ma
Sermilik2740 Ma
AuAuTasiusarsuaq terrane2800 - 2740 Ma
Færingehavn &Tre Brødre terranesundiff.
Qarliit Nunatthrust2720 Ma
N S
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Geological map of
southern West
Greenland
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Characteristics of gold mineralization
Godthåbsfjord gold province
• ≥ 5 prospects; 110 km strike• 2985 Ma, 2715 Ma, 2630 Ma• Gold-quartz±carbonate
veins• Ore mineralogy: Po-Ccp-Apy-
Py-Ilm-Mag• Hydrothermal alteration
mineralogy– Inner Qtz-Hbl ± Bt– Proximal Qtz-Grt-Bt-Hbl-Sil
(530-630°C, 4-6 kbar)– Distal Bt ± Grt– Sulfide-poor (< 5 vol.%)
Tasiusarsuaq gold province
• ≥ 7 locations; terrane-scale
• Ca. 2675 Ma• Quartz veins ± Au• Ore mineralogy: Po-Ccp-Py-
Ilm-Mag• Hydrothermal alteration
mineralogy– Inner Qtz-Hbl ± Bt, Ep, Rt– Proximal Qtz-Grt-Bt-Hbl ±
Ms (650°C, 3.5-4 kbar)– Distal Bt ± Grt– Sulfide-poor (< 5 vol.%)
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Str
uctu
re o
f th
e
God
thåb
sfj
ord
an
d
Tasiu
sars
uaq
gold
pro
vin
ces
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Model for 2670-2580 Ma orogenic gold Akia terrane
Atane
q fa
ult
Ivin
ngui
t fau
ltQussuk
Storø2630 Ma
Qilanngaarsuit< 2715 Ma, > 2560 Ma
Bjørneøen
Store Malene
Isua
Kapisilik terrane
Tasiusarsuaq gold province
2670-2610 Ma
2660
-260
0 M
a
Tasiusarsuaq terrane
2650-2580
Ma
Qôr
qut
2560
Ma
Færingehavn &Tre Brødreterraneundiff.
2670 Ma
Godth
åbsfj
ord
gold
pro
vince
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Conclusions
• Several stages of orogenic gold mineralization• ca. 2990 Ma Isukasia orogeny• 2850 – 2830 Ma Paamiut orogeny• 2800 – 2740 Ma Tasiusarsuaq orogeny• 2720 – 2700 Ma Tre Brødre orogeny• 2670 – 2580 Ma Kapisilik orogeny
• Hypozonal orogenic gold– Tasiusarsuaq gold province: single-stage – no potential– Godthåbsfjord gold province: multi-stage (?) – small deposits
• Mesozonal orogenic gold– Paamiut gold province – not explored, good potential– Tartoq gold province – not explored, good potential